Annals of Glaciology最新文献

Dye tracing of upward brine migration in snow 对雪中盐水向上迁移的染色追踪

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.27

Robbie Mallett, Vishnu Nandan, Julienne Stroeve, Rosemary Willatt, Monojit Saha, John Yackel, Gaëlle Veysière, Jeremy Wilkinson

{"title":"Dye tracing of upward brine migration in snow","authors":"Robbie Mallett, Vishnu Nandan, Julienne Stroeve, Rosemary Willatt, Monojit Saha, John Yackel, Gaëlle Veysière, Jeremy Wilkinson","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.27","url":null,"abstract":"Salt is often present in the snow overlying seasonal sea ice, and has profound thermodynamic and electromagnetic effects. However, its provenance and behaviour within the snow remain uncertain. We describe two investigations tracing upward brine movement in snow: one conducted in the laboratory and one in the field. The laboratory experiments involved the addition of dyed brine to the base of terrestrial snow samples, with subsequent wicking being measured. Our field experiment involved dye being added directly (without brine) to bare sea-ice and lake ice surfaces, with snow then accumulating on top over several days. On the sea ice, the dye migrated upwards into the snow by up to 5 cm as the snow's basal layer became more salty, whereas no migration occurred in our control experiment over non-saline lake ice. This occurred in relatively dry snowpacks where brine took up $< 6%$<img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240918103626466-0384:S0260305524000272:S0260305524000272_inline1.png\"/> of the snow's calculated pore volume, suggesting pore saturation is not required for upward salt transport. Our results highlight the potential role of microstructural parameters beyond those currently retrievable with penetrometry, and the potential value of longitudinal, process-based field studies of young snowpacks.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MoT-PSA: a two-layer depth-averaged model for simulation of powder snow avalanches on 3-D terrain MoT-PSA：用于模拟三维地形粉雪崩的双层深度平均模型

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.10

Hervé Vicari, Dieter Issler

{"title":"MoT-PSA: a two-layer depth-averaged model for simulation of powder snow avalanches on 3-D terrain","authors":"Hervé Vicari, Dieter Issler","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.10","url":null,"abstract":"For snow-avalanche hazard mapping, one needs efficient tools that nevertheless capture the essential physical processes. The code MoT-PSA (Method of Transport – Powder Snow Avalanche) described here is based on the two-layer depth-averaged formulation for mixed snow avalanches developed by Eglit and co-workers in the 1980s but is extended to 3-D terrain and uses a fast numerical scheme based on the method of transport. Compared to previous works, we introduce novel formulations for the suspension and deposition of snow from the dense core. Snow cover and air entrainment are quantified with physics-based models. A sensitivity study of the model parameters on an idealized topography shows that both the dense core and the parameters of the powder snow cloud (PSC) governing particle suspension and settling significantly affect the dynamics. As expected, we observe that snow cover entrainment favours the formation of large PSCs with long runout. The powder-snow avalanche that occurred in Lom (Norway) on 27 February 2020 is back-calculated using MoT-PSA. With plausible parameter values, the model reproduces the dense core stopping at the gully's base and the dilute PSC travelling across the frozen lake for almost 1 km.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resolution enhanced sea ice concentration: a new algorithm applied to AMSR2 microwave radiometry data 分辨率增强的海冰浓度：一种应用于 AMSR2 微波辐射测量数据的新算法

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.6

Jozef Rusin, Thomas Lavergne, Anthony P. Doulgeris, K. Andrea Scott

{"title":"Resolution enhanced sea ice concentration: a new algorithm applied to AMSR2 microwave radiometry data","authors":"Jozef Rusin, Thomas Lavergne, Anthony P. Doulgeris, K. Andrea Scott","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"Passive-microwave sea ice concentration (SIC) algorithms employ different frequencies and polarisations in their operational implementations. Commonly, these algorithms utilise combinations such as 19/37 GHz, yielding reduced measurement uncertainties but at a coarse spatial resolution. Alternatively, these algorithms can solely use 89 GHz, producing a higher spatial resolution but with increased measurement uncertainties. This study evaluates the application of a resolution-enhancing SIC algorithm (reSICCI3LF), initially developed for the coarser Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder, on the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer. By applying reSICCI3LF, we aim to produce a 5 km SIC for 2013–2020 in the Fram Strait and the Barents and Kara Sea region that gains the benefits of both types of algorithms, high spatial resolution and low measurement uncertainty.We present the algorithm tuning, spectral analysis of spatial resolutions, and validation against the Round Robin Data Package of 0% and 100% SIC points and SIC derived from Landsat-8. The findings demonstrate that the reSICCI3LF algorithm produces a SIC field with fine details, achieving a balance between high spatial resolution and lower measurement uncertainties compared to a 89 GHz based SIC. Consequently, this resolution-enhanced SIC technique can potentially initialise higher-resolution coupled ocean and sea ice forecasting systems through data assimilation.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140007534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Particle tracking in snow avalanches with in situ calibrated inertial measurement units 利用现场校准的惯性测量装置追踪雪崩中的微粒

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.5

Robert Winkler, Michael Neuhauser, Rene Neurauter, Felix Erlacher, Walter Steinkogler, Jan-Thomas Fischer

{"title":"Particle tracking in snow avalanches with in situ calibrated inertial measurement units","authors":"Robert Winkler, Michael Neuhauser, Rene Neurauter, Felix Erlacher, Walter Steinkogler, Jan-Thomas Fischer","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of an artificially triggered avalanche, a particle tracking procedure is combined with supplementary measurements, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning, terrestrial laser scanning and Doppler radar measurements. Specifically, an intertial measurement unit is mounted inside a rigid sphere, which is placed in the avalanche track. The sphere is entrained by the moving snow, recording translational accelerations, angular velocities and the flux density of Earth's magnetic field. Based on the recorded data, we present a threefold analysis: (i) a qualitative data interpretation, identifying different particle motion phases which are associated with corresponding flow regimes, (ii) a quantitative time integration algorithm, determining the corresponding particle trajectory and associated velocities on the basis of standard sensor calibration, and (iii) an improved quantitative evaluation relying on a novel in situ sensor calibration technique, which is motivated by the limitations of the given dataset. The final results, i.e. the evolution of the angular orientation of the sensor unit, translational and rotational velocities and estimates of the sensor trajectory, are assessed with respect to their reliability and relevance for avalanche dynamics as well as for future design of experiments.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Updating glacier inventories on the periphery of Antarctica and Greenland using multi-source data 利用多源数据更新南极洲和格陵兰岛周边地区的冰川清单

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.75

Xingchen Liu, Lu An, Gang Hai, Huan Xie, Rongxing Li

{"title":"Updating glacier inventories on the periphery of Antarctica and Greenland using multi-source data","authors":"Xingchen Liu, Lu An, Gang Hai, Huan Xie, Rongxing Li","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.75","url":null,"abstract":"Melting and calving of glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland could potentially contribute significantly to global sea level rise. Updates to existing outlines that provide critical glacier baseline information in both regions could help in the analysis of particular changes in glacier parameters such as area and volume from time-series inventories. Here we synthesize previously established techniques and apply new multi-source datasets to update glacier outlines in selected test areas of Antarctica and Greenland, as well as to reduce uncertainties and errors during the mapping process. The workflow includes mapping glacier boundaries, subdividing glaciers by watersheds and assigning glacier attributes. Complicated glacier scenarios and updating challenges in polar regions are discussed and demonstrated by representative case studies. For the first time in Antarctica, we analyze the effect of terminus types on mapped glacier areas, and in Greenland we compare the differences with glacier mapping results using Landsat OLI and ETM+. With new data sources, the methods described in this study might help to create glacier outlines on a larger scale in Antarctica and Greenland. Although data sources can be substituted, the enormous amount of manual labor required to update glacier inventories remains a significant challenge.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139397100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a low-temperature immersion microscopy technique for ice research 开发用于冰研究的低温浸入显微镜技术

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.74

Bittor Muniozguren-Arostegi, Patricia Muñoz-Marzagon, Sérgio Henrique Faria

{"title":"Development of a low-temperature immersion microscopy technique for ice research","authors":"Bittor Muniozguren-Arostegi, Patricia Muñoz-Marzagon, Sérgio Henrique Faria","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.74","url":null,"abstract":"Perennial ice can be studied for many purposes, including paleoclimate records or rheological properties. For most of those purposes, the ice microstructure must be studied, often through optical microscopy. The aim of this work is to assess the viability of immersion microscopy for the study of ice microstructures. It consists of using an oil between the objective lens and the specimen, to increase image resolution. Immersion microscopy is a technique well-developed for the investigation of diverse materials, but it has so far not been explored for ice research. Here we investigate the challenges and advantages of that technique. The main challenge is related to the selection of the immersion oil itself, which must satisfy a number of criteria, ranging from refractive index and viscosity to toxicity and reactivity. We identify pure silicone oil (dimethicone) as a simple and safe option for immersion microscopy of inner ice structures. Among its advantages, it provides higher resolution (compared to standard ‘dry’ microscopy) and it can be simultaneously used as a long-term coating to prevent undesired sublimation of the ice-sample surfaces. For the observation of surface structures, however, another type of oil with higher refractive index should be used.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel method to visualize liquid distribution in snow: Superimposition of MRI and X-ray CT images 可视化雪中液体分布的新方法：核磁共振成像和 X 射线 CT 图像的叠加

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.77

Satoru Yamaguchi, Satoru Adachi, S. Sunako

引用次数: 0

The Role of Near-Terminus Conditions in the Ice-Flow Speed of Upernavik Isstrøm in Northwest Greenland 近终点条件在格陵兰西北部乌珀纳维克伊斯特罗姆冰流速度中的作用

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.76

Kelsey Voss, Karen E. Alley, D. Lilien, D. Dahl-Jensen

引用次数: 0

Ground-penetrating radar as a tool for determining the interface between temperate and cold ice, and snow depth: a case study for Hurd-Johnsons glaciers, Livingston Island, Antarctica 以探地雷达为工具确定温带和寒带冰层之间的界面以及积雪深度：南极利文斯顿岛赫德-约翰逊冰川案例研究

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.73

Unai Letamendia, Francisco Navarro, Beatriz Benjumea

{"title":"Ground-penetrating radar as a tool for determining the interface between temperate and cold ice, and snow depth: a case study for Hurd-Johnsons glaciers, Livingston Island, Antarctica","authors":"Unai Letamendia, Francisco Navarro, Beatriz Benjumea","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.73","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the internal structure of two polythermal glaciers, Hurd and Johnsons, located on Livingston Island, Antarctica, using 200 and 750 MHz GPR data collected in 2003/04, 2008/09 and 2016/17 field campaigns. Based on the different permittivities of snow and ice, we determined the thickness distribution of the end-of winter snow cover and of the cold ice layer. Their knowledge is fundamental for mass balance and glacier dynamics studies due to the different densities and rheological properties of such media. The average measured thicknesses for the snow and cold ice layers (the latter including the snow layer) were of 1.44 ± 0.09 and 29.1 ± 1.5 m, and their corresponding maxima were of 2.45 ± 0.21 and 80.8 ± 2.5 m. GPR snow profiling allowed for extension of the coverage of the snow thickness survey, but added little information to that supplied by snow pits, stake readings and manual snow probing, because of the multiplicity of reflections within the seasonal snowpack caused by internal ice layers and lenses. The polythermal structure determined for Hurd Glacier fits into the so-called Scandinavian type, seldom reported for the Antarctic region.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138548006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a handheld integrating sphere snow grain sizer (HISSGraS) 手持式积分球雪粒度仪(hisgras)的研制

IF 2.9 4区地球科学

Annals of Glaciology Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2023.72

Teruo Aoki, Akihiro Hachikubo, Motoshi Nishimura, Masahiro Hori, Masashi Niwano, Tomonori Tanikawa, Konosuke Sugiura, Ryo Inoue, Satoru Yamaguchi, Sumito Matoba, Rigen Shimada, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Jean-Charles Gallet

{"title":"Development of a handheld integrating sphere snow grain sizer (HISSGraS)","authors":"Teruo Aoki, Akihiro Hachikubo, Motoshi Nishimura, Masahiro Hori, Masashi Niwano, Tomonori Tanikawa, Konosuke Sugiura, Ryo Inoue, Satoru Yamaguchi, Sumito Matoba, Rigen Shimada, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Jean-Charles Gallet","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.72","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a Handheld Integrating Sphere Snow Grain Sizer (HISSGraS) for field use to measure the specific surface area (SSA) of snow. In addition to snow samples, HISSGraS can directly measure snow surfaces and snow pit walls. The basic measurement principle is the same as that of the IceCube SSA instrument. The retrieval algorithm for SSA from reflectance employs two conversion equations formulated using spherical and nonspherical grain shape models. We observed SSAs using HISSGraS, IceCube and the gas adsorption method in a snowfield in Hokkaido, Japan. Intercomparison of the results confirmed that with HISSGraS direct measurement, SSA profile observations can be completed in just ~1/10 the time required for measurement of snow samples. Our results also suggest that HISSGraS and IceCube have similar accuracy when the same snow samples are measured using the same grain shape model. However, SSAs of near-surface snow layers measured using the three techniques exhibited some biases, possibly due to rapid snow metamorphism or melting during measurement and some technical issues with optical techniques. When excluding SSA data for the surface layer, which metamorphosed remarkably during measurement, IceCube- and HISSGraS-derived SSAs correlated strongly with those obtained by gas adsorption and HISSGraS accuracy is 21–34%.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138509569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1