Basin Research最新文献

{"title":"Rapid Lacustrine Transgression and Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate Shoal-Bar Deposition in Rift Basins: Insights From the Palaeogene Baxian Sag, Bohai Bay Basin","authors":"Zili Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Li,&nbsp;Daowei Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zhu,&nbsp;Hehe Chen,&nbsp;Yifan Du","doi":"10.1111/bre.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although mixed siliciclastic-carbonate deposits in lacustrine rift basins are recognized as sensitive recorders of tectonic-climatic-sedimentary interactions, their high-resolution spatial and temporal evolution within a parasequence framework has rarely been documented. This study integrates cores, well logs, 3D seismic data and geochemical proxies from the lower Shahejie Formation (Es₁) in the Baxian Sag to define four genetic shoal-bar types and to reconstruct their response to rapid lacustrine transgression during early rift subsidence. Four genetic types of shoal-bar deposits are identified based on sediment provenance and composition: terrigenous clastic shoal-bars, endogenic carbonate shoal-bars, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shoal-bars and reworked carbonate shoal-bars. Seismic stratigraphic slices and well correlations reveal that these shoal-bars are preferentially developed in three palaeogeomorphic settings: the terminations of strike-slip faults, the footwalls of weakly active normal faults and submerged low-relief uplifts. Vertically, shoal-bar facies exhibit a symmetric stacking pattern around the maximum flooding surface, transitioning from terrigenous clastic, through mixed siliciclastic-carbonate, to endogenic carbonate and back to mixed and terrigenous clastic facies. This stacking pattern defines a complete parasequence set (retrogradational to aggradational to progradational) that records high-frequency lake-level fluctuations. The initial stage of rift subsidence coincided with rapid lacustrine transgression and significant reduction in terrigenous sediment supply, such that wave reworking of sediment-starved deltas provided the primary material for shoal-bar construction, whereas coeval arid conditions promoted endogenic carbonate precipitation. The combination of these processes thus facilitated the mixing of terrigenous clastics and endogenic carbonates. Consequently, the types and spatial distribution of shoal-bars provide robust proxies for reconstructing the intricate interplay among sediment supply, palaeoclimate and early rift tectonic dynamics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital Forcing and Formation Mechanism of Eocene Lacustrine Halite-Mudstone Rhythmites in the Jianghan Basin, China","authors":"Yufan Wang,&nbsp;Shang Xu,&nbsp;Fang Hao,&nbsp;Zhen Li,&nbsp;Qianyang He,&nbsp;Qiyang Gou","doi":"10.1111/bre.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Astronomical orbital periods are widely documented in deep-time stratigraphy; however, the operational mechanisms of these periods and their sedimentary responses in lacustrine basins remain poorly constrained under varying paleogeographic and paleoclimatic settings. Focusing on the salt rhythms of the Eocene Qianjiang Formation in the Jianghan Basin, this study identifies two critical transitions in the recorded orbital signals at approximately 42.92 and 41.06 Ma through high-resolution astronomical tuning, coinciding with paleoclimate evolution. Stage I (43.7–42.92 Ma): Under a global warming background characterized by a warm-humid climate, the basin was dominated by thick mudstone interbedded with minor halite. The strata primarily record eccentricity, obliquity and precession periods, consistent with the classical Milankovitch forcing pattern observed in low-latitude regions. Stage II (42.92–41.06 Ma): Against a global cooling background, the study area was governed by periodic warm-humid monsoon precipitation, leading to the deposition of isopachous halite-mudstone interbeds. Concurrently, high-latitude sea-ice expansion amplified the global obliquity signal, resulting in a strong obliquity-driven signature recorded in this mid-low latitude basin. Stage III (41.06–40.2 Ma): With subsequent global warming and diminishing sea-ice extent, the meridional thermal gradient weakened, reducing the influence of obliquity on mid-low latitudes. The cyclicity transitioned from sole obliquity dominance to a regime jointly governed by obliquity, eccentricity and precession periods. Consequently, the regularity of halite-mudstone interbeds significantly weakened under the interference of multiple orbital forcings. Our results demonstrate that the astronomical signals preserved in the Eocene salt rhythms of the Jianghan Basin were controlled by high-to-low latitude interactions modulated by paleoclimate evolution. This study provides a reference for understanding the operational mechanisms of deep-time orbital periods and their controls on lacustrine sedimentation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravity-Driven Collapse of Continental Crust in the Northern South China Sea Margin","authors":"Fang Dong,&nbsp;Hongdan Deng,&nbsp;Mo Ji,&nbsp;Andrew V. Zuza,&nbsp;Hanlin Chen,&nbsp;Fengqi Zhang,&nbsp;Yiyang Hu,&nbsp;Zhiyao Li,&nbsp;Yunlong Wang","doi":"10.1111/bre.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gravity-driven tectonics is a fundamental process in Earth's geological evolution; however, its role and governing mechanisms during syn-extensional deformation at the crustal scale along passive continental margins remain poorly constrained. In this study, we use high-resolution seismic reflection data to investigate coupled brittle and ductile deformation in the Xingning sub-basin of the northern South China Sea. Our analysis documents deformation of the supradetachment basin, the Xingning detachment fault, and associated ductile deformations in the footwall. Key observations include: (1) the supradetachment basin comprises late Eocene syn-rift strata that wedge toward the bounding detachment fault; (2) the NW-striking Xingning detachment fault extends for ~90 km along strike and shows marked along-strike variations in geometry, characterized by a ramp-flat-ramp segment in the southern and northern domains and a listric geometry in the central domain; (3) three footwall domes developed from 40 to 23 Ma; and (4) recumbent folds within the ductile crust beneath the Xingning detachment fault show two distinct hinge orientations, including NW-trending hinges parallel to regional extension and NE-trending hinges aligned with the slip direction of the Xingning detachment fault. The syn-kinematic coupling between detachment faulting and ductile flow is interpreted to reflect gravity-driven collapse along the flank of an elevated ductile dome, thermally weakened by magmatic underplating in the deep crust. These results provide clear evidence for gravity-driven, syn-extensional crustal-scale deformation along a rifted continental margin in the northern South China Sea, highlighting the fundamental role of gravitational processes during continental rifting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149086878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Seismic and Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis of the Northwestern Bengal Basin: Implications for Cretaceous to Late Miocene Depositional Evolution, Shelf-Margin Dynamics and Hydrocarbon Prospectivity","authors":"Farhad Hossain,&nbsp;A. S. M. Woobaidullah,&nbsp;Mohammad Moinul Hossain,&nbsp;S. M. Mainul Kabir,&nbsp;Md. Anwar Hossain Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1111/bre.70150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An integrated seismic and sequence-stratigraphic analysis of the northwestern Bengal Basin elucidates the tectono-sedimentary evolution, shelf-margin dynamics and hydrocarbon prospectivity along the hinge zone. Interpretation of ~2000 line-km of 2D seismic profiles calibrated to the Singra-1 and Mobarakpur-1 wells identifies eight depositional sequences from the Pre-Cretaceous to Late Miocene, recording a transition from syn-rift continental to post-rift deltaic systems. Quantitative shelf-edge trajectory analysis reveals distinct phases of margin evolution: retrogradational stacking during the Eocene, strongly progradational growth in the Oligocene-Miocene (<i>P</i>_se/<i>A</i>_se &gt; 10), and late aggradation in the Pliocene. The Oligocene forced-regressive phase (SS-5) represents maximum basinward progradation (~12 km) and the formation of the Mobarakpur Canyon System (MCS), a 16 km wide and 2.2 km deep erosional–depositional feature developed under moderate sea-level fall and increased Himalayan sediment flux. Three higher-order canyon-fill sequences (MCS-1 to MCS-3) record successive incision, bypass and infill stages. Integration of seismic facies with lithostratigraphy indicates a shift from early clastic progradation, through transgressive carbonate deposition (Sylhet Limestone), to renewed clastic progradation dominated by the Barail and Surma groups. The canyon-fill, slope-fan and deltaic sandstones within these units represent potential reservoir targets, with candidate source rocks (Kopili and Sylhet Limestone) and seals (intraformational and regional marine shales) inferred by analogy with the adjacent Surma Basin. The recognized canyon-wall pinch-outs, slope-fan onlaps and basin-floor fans suggest new stratigraphic trap configurations that may refine the depositional and petroleum-system framework of the Bengal Basin and inform future hydrocarbon exploration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Expression, Structure and Evolution of Flow Cells Within a Submarine Landslide","authors":"Harya D. Nugraha,&nbsp;Christopher A.-L. Jackson,&nbsp;Howard D. Johnson,&nbsp;David M. Hodgson","doi":"10.1111/bre.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Submarine landslides are not a singular mass of sediment, but may instead comprise shear zone-bound, intra-flow cells of different sizes, rheological states and strains. Constraining their evolution is important for assessing risks to subaqueous infrastructure and coastal communities, yet controls on their initiation, translation and cessation remain unclear. We here use five high-quality post-stack time-migrated (PSTM) 3D seismic reflection datasets to investigate the structure and evolution of flow cells in the Gorgon Slide, a near-seabed submarine landslide on the Exmouth Plateau, offshore NW Australia. Our data suggest that the slide originated from a c. 18 km-long evacuation zone bounded updip by a NE-trending headwall scarp that dips steeply (c. 30°) seaward, and travelled northwestward over a strongly erosional basal-shear surface that deepens downdip. The slide is dominated by chaotic seismic reflections, interpreted as a debrite, containing large clasts (up to 1 km long) derived from the headwall and/or entrained from the layered slope substrate. The morphology of the basal-shear surface focused slide transport, resulting in clustering of megaclasts in the medial part of the still-translating flow. This cluster became an obstacle to subsequent flows, resulting in two flow cells (Cells A and B), separated by a longitudinal shear zone. Interaction between the flow cells is recorded by sinuous flow fabrics within and pressure ridges on the top surface of the slide. The intra-flow fabrics and top-surface ridges in Cell A were dragged downdip by the relatively more mobile Cell B, which continued translating downdip without intra-flow obstacles. The transport and emplacement processes inferred for the Gorgon Slide suggest that entrainment and abrasion of megaclasts can induce velocity perturbations during slide emplacement, causing changes in flow rheology and the initiation and cessation of flow cells. This reconstruction of flow-cell evolution within a submarine landslide may provide geological constraints for future geohazard risk assessments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of Sub-Salt Folding in Cover Sequences by Lateral Flow of Evaporites","authors":"Daniel Phillips,&nbsp;Joe Cartwright,&nbsp;Ben Aldridge,&nbsp;Chris Kirkham,&nbsp;Daniel Roberts","doi":"10.1111/bre.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study provides a comprehensive analysis of stratal relationships associated with active folds developed along the Cyprus Arc in the Eastern Mediterranean. This analysis provides insights into the interconnected dynamics governing fold growth history, evaporite flow and their relationship with overlying stratigraphy. Two major phases of folding are recognised from interpretation of syn-kinematic packages in reflection seismic data: an initial Oligocene–late Miocene to Messinian, followed by a second phase from the Pliocene to Recent. Inferences from seismic data suggest a potential underestimation of fold amplification during the most recent deformation phase due to the decoupling caused by the Messinian evaporite layer. Evidence derived from intra-salt folds and observed thickness variations supports substantial evaporite flow down the flanks of folds, induced by pressure changes linked to fold growth. These findings shed light on the complexities of evaporite rheology and the timing of basin deformation in addition to drilling safety and stress transmission through basins.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Tectono-Stratigraphic Evolution of a Shared Foreland Basin: A 3D Geomodel and Detrital Flux Reconstruction for the Pliocene-Pleistocene of the Po-Plain Basin (Northern Italy)’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/bre.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Barrera, D.</span>, <span>Toscani, G.</span>, <span>Catellani, D.</span>, <span>Meda, M.</span>, <span>Fantoni, R.</span>, &amp; <span>Di Giulio, A.</span> (<span>2026</span>). “ <span>Tectono-Stratigraphic Evolution of a Shared Foreland Basin: A 3D Geomodel and Detrital Flux Reconstruction for the Pliocene-Pleistocene of the Po-Plain Basin (Northern Italy)</span>.” <i>Basin Research</i> <span>38</span>, no. <span>5</span>. https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70138\u0000 </p><p>The authors' first and last names were swapped and have been updated in the author list.</p><p>The online version of this article has been corrected accordingly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid Pathways and Sources Driving Recurring Pockmark Formation on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand","authors":"Fynn Warnke,&nbsp;Ingo A. Pecher,&nbsp;Lorna J. Strachan,&nbsp;Jess I. T. Hillman,&nbsp;Gareth Crutchley","doi":"10.1111/bre.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pockmarks are geomorphological depressions observed in diverse marine environments, typically associated with fluid release from subsurface reservoirs. In addition to seafloor features, buried paleo-pockmarks offer valuable records of past fluid escape events. However, the processes, fluid types and conditions controlling their formation and recurrence remain poorly constrained. This study examines potential subsurface fluid sources and pathways that contribute to the cyclic formation of a prominent pockmark field located on the southwestern Chatham Rise, offshore New Zealand. Previous geochemical analyses have revealed no evidence for biogenic or thermogenic methane in the shallow subsurface, necessitating alternative interpretations of the fluid source(s). Here, we use quasi-3D multichannel seismic reflection data to examine the relationship between subsurface fluid flow pathways and spatio-temporal pockmark distribution. A polygonal fault system (PFS), characterized by low fault network connectivity and preferential fault orientations, indicates the influence of the regional stress field. Additionally, a distinct, discordant reflection with relatively high-amplitude, interpreted as a diagenetic front, is hosted within the PFS. Vertically extensive faults extend above the PFS and align spatially with basement faults, forming West–East trending half-grabens that may provide pathways for buoyancy-driven fluid migration. However, spatial pattern analysis reveals no statistically significant spatial association between pockmarks and faults, indicating primarily diffuse fluid flow in the upper subsurface. Generally, the upslope extent of pockmarks on the Chatham Rise appears to be lithologically controlled and coincides with the limit of the PFS in underlying strata. Recurring pockmark formation is interpreted to reflect a combination of compaction-related dewatering during polygonal faulting and silica diagenesis, coupled with deeply sourced, possibly CO₂-rich fluids from subducted limestones migrating along basement structures. These findings are combined into a conceptual model of the subsurface fluid flow system, offering new insights into the controls on recurring pockmark formation in non-hydrocarbon settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning From Crushing Failures: Changes in Physical Properties Reveal the Mechanics of Submarine Carbonate Landslides","authors":"Yan Li,&nbsp;David M. Hodgson,&nbsp;Jeff Peakall,&nbsp;Nan Wu,&nbsp;Mike Clare","doi":"10.1111/bre.70141","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcareous ooze represents the most widespread seafloor sediment, and its elevated water content and high compressibility can lead to the formation of weak layers, thereby increasing slope instability and submarine landslide risk. However, understanding of submarine landslide processes and evolution is hindered by the lack of knowledge of changes in the physical properties of sediments during failure. Here, we address this by documenting failed and unfailed physical properties of a weak layer by integrating two Ocean Drilling Program cores with three-dimensional seismic reflection data from the Exmouth Plateau, offshore northwest Australia. The basal shear zone of two &gt; 40-km-long submarine carbonate landslides was mapped into adjacent undisturbed sediments, where it is characterised by elevated water content and porosity, and recognised as a weak layer. The weak layer coincides with a foraminifera-rich succession capped by a clay-enriched nannofossil-rich zone. Our results suggest that the formation of the weak layer is related to enhanced clay fraction transport into the deep-water basin, due to onshore weathering, forming a low-permeability zone above the water-rich foraminifera-abundant succession. This elevated-clay fraction leads to ‘excess’ water being preserved within chambered foraminifera shells, thus causing a weak layer. When the weak layer acts as the basal shear zone it shows, post-landsliding, markedly lower water content, porosity and foraminifera content. Contractive shearing accounts for these changes in physical properties (dramatic loss in water content, porosity and foraminifera) during failure, through compacting the weak layer, crushing foraminifera and squeezing water out. Water could not escape to the seafloor, causing elevated pore pressure above the weak layer, and mechanically generating a water-rich layer, and/or a water film that lubricated the base of the overriding landslide. Thus, the physical properties of calcareous ooze, including foraminifera percentage and weak layer distribution, need to be considered in future studies to improve submarine slope stability assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provenance Constraints on Early India–Asia Collision: Evidence From the Late Cretaceous–Early Cenozoic Sulaiman–Katawaz Basin Fill","authors":"Nowrad Ali,&nbsp;Edward R. Sobel,&nbsp;Anne Bernhardt,&nbsp;Humaad Ghani,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajid,&nbsp;Mohibullah Mohibullah,&nbsp;Axel Gerdes,&nbsp;Jessica A. Stammeier,&nbsp;Johannes Glodny","doi":"10.1111/bre.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The timing of the India<i>–</i>Asia collision along the western margin of the Indian Plate remains highly debated, with estimates ranging from 60 to 40 Ma, associated with different models for the sequence of collision events. To examine the collisional record along the western margin of the Indian Plate, we integrate detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Nd–Sr isotopic signatures with zircon and apatite (U–Th)/He and apatite fission track thermochronology. Late Cretaceous to Palaeocene strata (Pab and Ranikot formations) are characterised by detrital zircon populations dominated by Precambrian to early Palaeozoic grains (1 Ga–500 Ma), together with highly negative εNd₍₀₎ values (−17.2 to −12.6) and radiogenic ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, indicating derivation from Indian-affinity sources. Across the Palaeocene–Eocene transition and into the Early Eocene, the first appearance of younger zircon populations (178–55 Ma) in the Ghazij and Nisai formations coincides with a shift toward less negative εNd₍₀₎ values (−12.0 to −8.3) and lower ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, recording the initial addition of Asian-affinity material to a system still dominated by Indian-margin sources. The proportion of younger zircon populations is low in the Early Eocene Ghazij Formation of the Sulaiman (∼1%–3% Cretaceous–Paleogene grains), but is higher in coeval Nisai strata of the Katawaz (∼13% 55–96 Ma population), and increases further in Oligocene units (Chitarwatta and Khojak formations), where Jurassic–Oligocene zircon populations (194–32 Ma) become more prominent. This progressive increase is matched by sustained trends toward less negative εNd₍₀₎ values and lower ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, indicating an increasing contribution from Asian-affinity sources through time. These observations are further supported by shifts in paleocurrent directions, changes in sedimentary facies, and Eocene ZHe cooling ages from the Sulaiman hinterland. The first arrival of Asian-affinity detritus on the Indian Plate provides an important sedimentary constraint on the timing of India–Asia collision in this sector. Our results indicate that collision was likely underway by the Palaeocene–Eocene transition (~56 Ma), followed by continued convergence and progressive integration of sediment-routing systems during the Eocene and younger intervals. These findings are consistent with an early Paleogene initiation of a single-stage collision along the western margin of the Indian Plate and are difficult to reconcile with models proposing significantly younger or strongly diachronous collision.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}