地球科学最新文献

{"title":"A New Method for Calculating Growth Rates of Ferromanganese Nodules From Marginal Seas: Implications for Terrigenous Input in the South China Sea","authors":"Zimeng Xue,&nbsp;Shihua Zhong,&nbsp;Zhiqing Lai,&nbsp;Sanzhong Li,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Jun Sun","doi":"10.1029/2025GL116814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116814","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate age determination of marine ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) nodules is crucial for interpreting their geochemical compositions as paleoceanographic tracers and for understanding critical metal (e.g., Co, Ni) enrichment. Previous empirical dating methods, primarily developed for deep-ocean nodules, are less effective in marginal seas with high terrigenous input. Here, we propose a novel rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) chronometer tailored for Fe-Mn nodules from the northeastern South China Sea (SCS). A robust negative correlation is established between the REY content and the growth rate: <i>Growth Rate (mm</i>/<i>Ma)</i> = −<i>0</i>.<i>0186</i> × <i>REY*</i> + <i>38</i>.<i>301 (R</i>^<i>2</i> <i>= 0</i>.<i>9223)</i>. Based on this model, we find that nodule growth in the SCS accelerated since ∼3.0 Ma, attributed to increased terrigenous input from the uplift of Taiwan. As more nodule data from marginal seas become available, this chronometer can be further refined, offering a reliable time marker for marine archives in these complex environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116814","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the performance of ground-based and SARAH-3 solar radiation data over Eastern Africa","authors":"Donath Uwanyirigira ,&nbsp;Béatrice Morel ,&nbsp;Chao Tang ,&nbsp;Jörg Trentmann ,&nbsp;Jean Uwamahoro ,&nbsp;Innocent Nkurikiyimfura ,&nbsp;Fabien Habyarimana","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar radiation can be a potential source of cost-effective and sustainable energy, offering the promise of a clean and safe environment in the East African region. However, reliable solar radiation data remain limited, hindering accurate assessment of the available solar potential and characterisation of the local and regional climate. To address this issue, this study used in situ measurements from 11 ground-based meteorological stations to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the satellite-derived solar radiation product, SARAH-3, across Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda. Statistical distribution, degree of linear association, explanatory strength, infra-daily, daily, and seasonal cycles were used to assess the degree of similarity. Our findings revealed a significant agreement between surface reference data and SARAH-3 Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) data and a significant linear association between bias and the Orographic Complexity Index (OCI) of the neighbour area of the observation points with Pearson’s correlation coefficients (R) of −0.53. At half-hour resolution, in situ measurements and satellite-based solar radiation data revealed high R values, ranging from 0.70 to 0.92, with significant explanatory capacity between 54% and 86%. Percentage bias (PB) was markedly lower than 5% for most stations, except in Rwanda, where PB reached 25%. The distributions of the data sets were generally skewed in the same direction, with a slight difference. Linear association and explanatory capacity improved significantly on the daily time scale, with R exceeding 0.90 and coefficients of determination greater than 78% at all stations. Furthermore, PB and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were generally low on the monthly scale, except in Rwanda, particularly in Mukarange, where they reached 24.61% and 42.92, respectively. SARAH-3 successfully reproduces infra-daily, daily, and cycles, although its spatial performance is strongly influenced by terrain complexity. These findings confirm the potential of SARAH-3 for solar energy production and climate-related studies in the East African region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 108413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating visual spatial vulnerability to quantify fire-prone neighborhoods in cities: A case study of nanjing, China","authors":"Zelong Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaoni Zhang ,&nbsp;Guofang Zhai ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of rapid urbanization, the increasing frequency of fire incidents presents a growing threat to urban public safety and the sustainable development of metropolitan areas. Older towns and historic neighborhoods are particularly vulnerable to fire hazards due to aging infrastructure, deteriorating living conditions, and delayed emergency responses. These challenges make it difficult to accurately identify fire-prone areas within complex and heterogeneous urban environments. To address this research gap, this study introduces crowd-sourced street view imagery to capture human perceptions of visible vulnerability and proposes a systematic framework for quantifying compound fire risk by integrating both hazard and vulnerability components. First, we define three perceptual attributes of the neighborhood built environment (i.e, building dilapidation, street blockage, and spatial messiness) and conduct a survey-based evaluation using pairwise image comparisons. A pre-trained deep learning model is then employed to automatically estimate the Visual Spatial Vulnerability (VSV) index for each neighborhood. Next, we develop a Vulnerability-Adjusted Fire Risk (VAFR) grading system to identify at-risk neighborhoods and their characteristics. The individual and compound effects of hazard and vulnerability are further analyzed through a bivariate choropleth mapping approach. Finally, based on the VAFR scores, an Optimized Parameter-based Geographic Detector (OPGD) model is applied to examine key socioeconomic factors associated with high-risk neighborhoods. Our results demonstrate that: 1) integrating street view imagery with deep learning effectively assesses spatial vulnerability at the local scale; 2) combining fire hazard with visible vulnerability provides a comprehensive and reasonable explanation for the spatial distribution of fire-prone neighborhoods, highlighting the crucial role of spatial vulnerability in shaping risk patterns; and 3) the OPGD analysis confirms that spatial variations in fire risk are closely linked to neighborhood-level socioeconomic characteristics. This study offers a novel perspective for pinpointing high-priority neighborhoods for fire safety interventions and provides a scientific foundation for optimizing emergency response planning in complex urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105758"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indo-Pacific Deep Water Pathways and Transports in the South Australian Basin","authors":"S. Shapiro,&nbsp;L. D. Talley,&nbsp;S. G. Purkey","doi":"10.1029/2025JC022405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JC022405","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A key component of the ocean's global overturning circulation is the return of deep water from the Indian and Pacific Oceans to the Southern Ocean transporting heat, carbon, and nutrients poleward and toward the ocean surface. Indian Deep Water (IDW) and Pacific Deep Water (PDW) traverse the South Australian basin as they bring high-carbon, low-oxygen water to upwell in the Southern Ocean. Historically, limited sampling of this basin has made characterizing this circulation difficult. Here, we use 20 years of data from the Biogeochemical and Core Argo arrays to identify the upper portion of deep water above 2,000 m in this basin. We map time-mean potential vorticity, oxygen, temperature, and salinity. We combine Argo profiles with trajectory data to calculate time-mean geostrophic velocities. These property and velocity maps indicate three branches of flow on isopycnals between 1,400 and 2,000 dbar: a deep eastern boundary current (DEBC) carrying warm salty IDW along the continental slope, a central southeastward pathway carrying IDW through the center of the basin, and a westward pathway carrying fresher, cooler PDW into the basin. These pathways transport 0.3 ± 0.3 Sv, 3.6 ± 2.3 Sv, and 3.4 ± 0.9 Sv, respectively, between <i>σ</i>₁ = 32.2 and 32.3 kg/m³ where <i>σ</i>₁ is the potential density referenced to 1,000 dbar. Over the full deep water layer, we estimate the transport of the deep eastern boundary current as 2.2 ± 2.1 Sv, the southeast IDW as 27 ± 17 Sv, and the westward PDW as 18 ± 6 Sv.</p>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"130 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025JC022405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling in source kinematics of earthquakes with size ranging from Mw -4.6 to Mw 7.8","authors":"Peng Dong,&nbsp;Xing Li,&nbsp;Kaiwen Xia,&nbsp;Jianbing Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Earthquake source process governs seismic wave radiation and resultant ground shaking. The peak fault slip velocity and acceleration (<em>V</em>_peak and <em>a</em>_peak) are important source kinematic inputs for ground-motion prediction and seismic hazard assessment for future earthquakes. However, there are different ideas about the relationship between source kinematics and earthquake magnitude. Here, through integrated analysis of earthquakes ranging from M_w -4.6 to M_w 7.8, we demonstrate that both <em>V</em>_peak and <em>a</em>_peak do not increase with earthquake magnitude. Furthermore, by invoking dynamic shear rupture model coupled with cohesive force, we unify <em>V</em>_peak and <em>a</em>_peak of laboratory and natural earthquakes. Our results show that <em>V</em>_peak increases with the product of breakdown stress drop and rupture speed, and <em>a</em>_peak is related to breakdown stress drop, rupture speed, and critical slip distance. This study confirms fundamental self-similarity in earthquake source processes, with direct implications for physics-based seismic hazard assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11481,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 119576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on meteorological parameters in the Sakarya River Basin using advanced trend analysis methods","authors":"Ahmet Iyad Ceyhunlu ,&nbsp;Murat Cuma","doi":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing frequency of extreme weather events highlights the urgent need to raise public awareness about climate change indicators and the atmospheric changes driven by human activities and pollution. To better understand these developments, region-specific analyses of recorded climate data over time are essential. This study analyzes 30 years of climate data from the Sakarya River Basin, using measurements collected by meteorological stations operated by the Turkish General Directorate of Meteorology at various locations and altitudes across the basin. Seventeen stations were selected for analysis, focusing on daily average precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity three key indicators of regional climate behavior. Relationships among these variables were examined using Pearson correlation analysis, while trends were analyzed through Spearman's Rho, Sen's Slope, Mann-Kendall, and the Crossing Empirical Trend Analysis (CETA) method. The findings revealed that relative humidity showed a 37 % increase and a 22 % decrease, temperature increased by 36 % and decreased by 1 %, and precipitation increased and decreased equally by 20 %. These results point to growing irregularities in the basin's climate structure, with the rise in temperature and variability in humidity and precipitation indicating heightened risks of drought, floods, and other extreme weather events. By incorporating multiple complementary analytical techniques, this research presents a detailed evaluation of shifting climate patterns in the Sakarya River Basin and offers a strong foundation for future environmental planning and climate-resilient policy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54616,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing Organic Carbon Sources With Ramped Pyrolysis/Oxidation","authors":"Jin Wang,&nbsp;Fei Zhang,&nbsp;Xingqian Cui,&nbsp;Peng Cheng,&nbsp;Pingping Pan,&nbsp;Guanxia Wu,&nbsp;Yuanxin Qu,&nbsp;Huayu Huang,&nbsp;Zhangdong Jin","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115321","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tracing sources of organic carbon (OC) is a critical aspect of studying surface carbon cycling. Previous methods, such as carbon and nitrogen isotopes, have struggled to separate different sources in some case studies. This study introduces a new approach for quantifying OC sources by using ramped pyrolysis/oxidation (RPO) thermograms without RPO-fraction radiocarbon analysis. We applied matrix calculations to decompose thermograms into different endmembers contributions. This method was tested on two-, three-, and four-endmember systems. The results show that the deviation in source contribution estimates is within 5%. The method was applied in tracing sources of particulate organic carbon (POC) of the Buha River, northeastern Tibetan Plateau. By analyzing the thermograms of riverine suspended sediments and their potential sources, the RPO-based mixing model estimated that soil, vegetation, and rocks contributed approximately 89 ± 3%, 4 ± 3%, and 6 ± 3% of the POC, respectively. This study highlights the applicability of RPO in tracing OC sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeochemical Response to Tropical Cyclones in the Northern Indian Ocean: Understanding and Gray Areas","authors":"Trishneeta Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Prasanna Kanti Ghosal,&nbsp;Kunal Chakraborty","doi":"10.1029/2025JC022540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JC022540","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropical cyclones (TCs) significantly modulate the physical and biogeochemical state of the upper ocean during their passage. The most immediate biogeochemical response to TC passage involves competing effects of carbon utilization (through primary production) and carbon release (through cyclone-induced mixing and upwelling), together making up the carbon cycle. The after-effects of nutrients and carbon cycling impact the concentration of dissolved oxygen and trace gases, especially in continental shelves and estuaries. In this study, for the first time, we conducted a comprehensive review of (a) the mechanisms responsible for post-cyclonic enhanced chlorophyll-a concentration, (b) the changes in vertical distributions of nutrients and dissolved carbon in response to TCs, (c) the dissolved oxygen and trace gas responses to TCs, and (d) the changes in water quality of deltaic and coastal regions impacting the ecology in response to TCs. Further, we have reviewed the commonly used bulk formulation for gas and momentum flux measurements in numerical models designed for climate research and global reanalysis products, highlighting the uncertainties associated with flux estimates in TC-like high wind conditions. We have also examined the availability of observational data during TC events, commenting on their sources and reliability for use. And finally, we have highlighted the areas of research gap and future directives in TC research with special emphasis on the impacts of northern Indian Ocean dynamics to global climate variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"130 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into the Dynamics of Rock-Ice Avalanches From Small-Scale Experiments With Erodible Beds","authors":"Chen Peng,&nbsp;Xingyue Li,&nbsp;Can Yuan,&nbsp;Yu Huang","doi":"10.1029/2025JF008303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JF008303","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rock-ice avalanches are a destructive natural disaster in mountainous regions. Along their propagation, they erode bed materials such as snow and rock. However, the mechanisms behind these processes remain unclear. Here, we have experimentally investigated the flow characteristics, erosion, deposition and impact of gravel-ice mixtures with different ice contents and bed materials. First, the flow characteristics of rock-ice avalanches have been analyzed and associated with erosion. It is found that the flow velocity and depth increase with ice content. The erosion rate is positively correlated with the flow velocity, the flow depth, and the ratio of particle collision stress to total stress, indicating that the driving mechanism of the erosion is the particle collision stress, instead of quasi-static shear. The bed material determines dominant erosion patterns and influences subsequent deposition. Then, the deposition characteristics were quantified. The deposited masses with erodible snow and ice are similar, as the higher flow mobility on snow gives more released mass reaching the deposition zone, and the smaller snow density leads to a lower eroded mass in the deposition zone. Deposition length and width keep increasing with ice content or slope angle, while deposition height first increases and then decreases. Finally, the avalanche impact force is investigated. The ice content has positive and negative effects on the impact force at different stages due to the combined effect of enhanced velocity and decreased density. The outcomes of this study offer new insights into the dynamics of rock-ice avalanches, and provide important implications for their risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing wind erosion hazard assessment: a novel framework combining integrated land susceptibility to wind erosion (ILSWE) index and machine learning algorithms (case study: Saravan area, Southeast Iran)","authors":"Mojtaba Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Hamid Gholami ,&nbsp;Aliakbar Mohamadifar ,&nbsp;Yougui Song ,&nbsp;Dimitris Kaskaoutis","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind erosion poses a significant threat to arid and semi-arid ecosystems globally, particularly in the Middle East, a major source of dust emissions. Iran, with extensive arid and semi-arid landscapes, experiences substantial economic and ecological damage from wind erosion, exceeding <strong>US$18</strong> billion annually. This study developed a novel methodology for mapping wind erosion hazard in Saravan County, southeast Iran, addressing the critical need for accurate hazard assessment and targeted mitigation strategies. An initial wind erosion inventory map was created using the Integrated Land Susceptibility to Wind Erosion (ILSWE) model, incorporating various factors like climatic erosivity, soil erodibility, soil crust, vegetation cover, and surface roughness. This inventory was then used to train and validate three machine learning (ML) models (Bagged CART, Random Forest, and XGBoost). Model performance was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, with the Random Forest model achieving the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.95). Results indicated that 42.7 % of the study area is classified at high or very high hazard for wind erosion, primarily located in western Saravan, characterized by degraded rangelands with sparse vegetation. Key factors influencing wind erosion hazard included elevation, clay content, and calcium carbonate content. This research demonstrates the efficacy of integrating the ILSWE model with ML techniques for accurate mapping of wind erosion hazard, providing valuable information for prioritizing mitigation efforts and promoting sustainable land management practices in arid and semi-arid environments. The developed methodology offers a transferable framework for wind erosion assessment in other vulnerable regions worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}