Victoria Valdez Buso , Luke Fairweather , Ben Kneller , Juan Pablo Milana , Fernando Farias Vesely
{"title":"Turbidite sands filling accommodation associated with supra-mass transport deposit topography: Outcrop examples from Western Argentina","authors":"Victoria Valdez Buso , Luke Fairweather , Ben Kneller , Juan Pablo Milana , Fernando Farias Vesely","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2025.107567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mass transport deposits (MTDs) generate topographic relief on their upper surfaces. The scale and geometry of the topographic features, and the interconnectivity of their sediment fill plays a crucial role in defining the characteristics of associated turbidite reservoirs. Turbidite sands may be ponded in isolated depocenters created by supra-MTD topography. The spacing and maximum thickness of ponded and isolated or tortuously interconnected sands are controlled by the dominant topographic wavelength and amplitude on the surface topography. Once the topography is filled to the saddles (the lowest point between adjacent topographic lows), the sand body forms a continuous sheet peppered with lacunae (‘holes’) marking the emergent heights (‘nunataks’). This is illustrated by confined turbidites over a 200-m thick MTD at Cerro Bola, Western Argentina. Field data differentiate ponded turbidites into a) Underfilled section; an isolated and laterally variable sand interval, confined by short-wavelength (tens to hundreds of meters) topography. Correlation of thicker beds suggests that larger flows were able to over-run at least the saddles in the topography, with only a small portion of the flow being captured in each low. b) Overfilled section; consists of a laterally continuous sand interval that covers the short-wavelength topography while progressively onlapping longer-wavelength (km-scale) features. Depositional facies may help to differentiate the confined/ponded stages, where local topography is still emergent, and thus to indicate the overall connectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18189,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 107567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bridger J. Ruyle, Julian Merder, Robert G. M. Spencer, James W. McClelland, Suzanne E. Tank, Anna M. Michalak
{"title":"Changes in the Composition of Nitrogen Yields in Large Arctic Rivers Linked to Temperature and Precipitation","authors":"Bridger J. Ruyle, Julian Merder, Robert G. M. Spencer, James W. McClelland, Suzanne E. Tank, Anna M. Michalak","doi":"10.1029/2025GB008639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GB008639","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global trends in river nitrogen yields reflect human distortion of the global nitrogen cycle. Climate change and increasing agricultural intensity are projected to enhance river nitrogen yields in temperate watersheds and impair downstream water quality. However, little is known about the environmental drivers of nitrogen yields in major Arctic rivers, which have experienced rapid climatic changes and are important conduits of nutrients and organic matter to the Arctic Ocean. Here we analyze trends in nitrogen yields in the six largest Arctic rivers between 2003 and 2023 and develop generalized additive models to elucidate the watershed characteristics and climatic processes associated with observed spatial and interannual variability. We found significant increases in dissolved organic nitrogen yield and/or declines in dissolved inorganic nitrogen yield in four of the six rivers. While temperature and precipitation, via their relationships to discharge, enhance dissolved nitrogen yields, we attribute the diverging trends to the responses of inorganic and organic nitrogen to temperature via effects on permafrost free extent. Spatially, we attribute differences in nitrogen yields across watersheds to differences in land cover and temperature. Shifts in the amount and composition of river nitrogen yields will impact the balance between primary productivity and heterotrophy in nitrogen limited coastal Arctic Ocean ecosystems. Results from this work highlight the importance of climate-driven changes in temperature and precipitation on river nitrogen yields in large Arctic rivers and motivate further investigation into how permafrost loss and hydrological shifts interact to drive water quality and biogeochemical cycling in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"39 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GB008639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chanel A. Deane, Charles J. Ammon, Andrew A. Nyblade, Raymond J. Durrheim, Hiroshi Ogasawara
{"title":"Observations of Local-Distance P/S Amplitude Ratios from Deep Mine and Natural Seismic Sources: Implications for Seismic-Source Discrimination","authors":"Chanel A. Deane, Charles J. Ammon, Andrew A. Nyblade, Raymond J. Durrheim, Hiroshi Ogasawara","doi":"10.1111/1365-2478.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For this investigation, we exploit local-distance P- and S-wave observations generated by mining-related and small-magnitude events in the Klerksdorp, Orkney, Stilfontein and Harteesfontein (KOSH) mining region of South Africa to explore the robustness and variability of low-yield P-to-S-wave amplitude ratios. P/S amplitude ratios are traditionally used in discrimination studies between earthquakes and explosions recorded at regional and teleseismic distances (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mo>></mo>\u0000 <annotation>$>$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 200 km) and for relatively large magnitude events. Few studies have explored the variability of P/S amplitude ratios using data recorded at local distances, distances <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mo><</mo>\u0000 <annotation>$<$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 200 km, where more scrutiny of wave propagation, near-surface geology, and source and strain release patterns is required. We took advantage of the dense surface accelerometer cluster network, KOSH, for our variability analysis. Final results show that most of the locally recorded low-magnitude events in the Klerksdorp region have comparable shear wave energy to low-magnitude earthquakes. Consequently, our time-domain rms-based P and S amplitude measurements result in stable event average P/S ratios likely to separate from explosive sources. We demonstrate the expected variability of the ratios with smaller network simulations (three-, five-, seven-station) to show that ratios remain relatively stable between 1 and 30 Hz.</p>","PeriodicalId":12793,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Prospecting","volume":"73 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2478.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenyu Zhu, Lijing Cheng, Zhengyu Liu, Peter U. Clark
{"title":"Increase in Deglacial Ocean Heat Content Linked to Contrasts in Extratropical Warming","authors":"Chenyu Zhu, Lijing Cheng, Zhengyu Liu, Peter U. Clark","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115538","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proxy-based reconstructions suggest that equilibrium changes in global mean sea surface temperature (ΔGMSST) are nearly equivalent to changes in mean ocean temperature (ΔMOT) on glacial-interglacial timescales over the past 900,000 years. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this relationship remain poorly understood. Here we use simulations from Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 and 4 (PMIP3/4) to investigate equilibrium ΔMOT and its linkage to sea surface temperature changes between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21,000 years ago) and pre-Industrial. Results show that PMIP3/4 simulations generally underestimate proxy-based ΔMOT. Regression analysis reveals that LGM MOT is strongly modulated by mid-latitude SST cooling, with the Southern Ocean having a greater influence compared to other oceanic regions, thus helping explain why models with similar ΔGMSSTs exhibit significantly different ΔMOTs. Additionally, we find a strong relationship between simulated Antarctic sea-ice coverage and Southern Ocean SST changes, with implications for constraining sea-ice reconstructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assimilating GOES-16 ABI All-Sky Brightness Temperature Into the HAFS Dual-Resolution Self-Consistent EnVar DA System: Methods for Observation Error Estimation and Impact on Hurricane Laura (2020)","authors":"Xu Lu, Xuguang Wang","doi":"10.1029/2024EA004058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA004058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the impact of assimilating GOES-16 all-sky Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) brightness temperature observations using a newly developed, continuously self-cycled, dual-resolution, 3DEnVar data assimilation system within the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System. Focusing on the pre-rapid intensification period of Hurricane Laura, the results demonstrated that assimilating ABI observations without proper observation error treatment can be neutral or even detrimental. However, using a symmetric cloud impact approach to adaptively estimate observation errors enhances the Gaussianity of the Observation-Minus-Background Probability Distribution Functions, and significantly improves the analysis and predictions of Hurricane Laura. The improvements in the track forecasts can be attributed to better environmental analyses due to more effective use of clear sky observations, while the improved intensity forecasts stem from improved inner-core dynamic and thermodynamic structures, achieved through the more effective use of cloudy-sky observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA004058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingming Ren , Shanhu Jiang , Liliang Ren , Yiqi Yan , Hao Cui , Yongwei Zhu , Shuping Du , Miao He , Menghao Wang , Chong-Yu Xu
{"title":"Nonstationary spatiotemporal evolution of extreme flood and low flow affected by climate change and human activities in the Yellow River basin","authors":"Mingming Ren , Shanhu Jiang , Liliang Ren , Yiqi Yan , Hao Cui , Yongwei Zhu , Shuping Du , Miao He , Menghao Wang , Chong-Yu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study region</h3><div>The Yellow River Basin, China.</div></div><div><h3>Study focus</h3><div>Extreme weather events occur frequently under global change, and the assumption of stationary for hydrological series may no longer be valid. Therefore, we proposed a new framework based on a nonstationary statistical model that incorporates machine learning for detecting spatiotemporal variations of extreme events.</div></div><div><h3>New hydrological insights for the region</h3><div>The series of these events at most stations show nonstationary characteristics during both the base period and the change period. By optimizing and evaluating different types of nonstationary models based on the Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS), the model with the climate index (<em>CI</em>) and the human-induced index (<em>HI)</em> as covariates demonstrates superior applicability compared to the model using the CI and the reservoir index (<em>RI</em>). Furthermore, the higher probability of extreme flood and low flow were observed at Tangnaihai, while the lower probability of extreme low flow was identified at Huaxian. Extreme flood in the YRB show weak inter-station correlations with high spatial heterogeneity, especially between Tangnaihai and Huayuankou, while extreme low flow is generally well correlated except between Lanzhou and its downstream stations (Toudaoguai and Longmen) due to water withdrawals from irrigation districts. The results provide scientific basis for reservoir flood control, river ecological health and the safety and stability of power systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anukesh Krishnankutty Ambika, Kshitij Tayal, Vimal Mishra, Dan Lu
{"title":"Novel Deep Learning Transformer Model for Short to Sub-Seasonal Streamflow Forecast","authors":"Anukesh Krishnankutty Ambika, Kshitij Tayal, Vimal Mishra, Dan Lu","doi":"10.1029/2025GL116707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116707","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate short-to-subseasonal streamflow forecasts are becoming crucial for effective water management in an increasingly variable climate. However, streamflow forecast remains challenging over extended lead times, uncertainty in meteorological inputs, and increased frequency and variability in extreme weather and climate events. We implemented a Future Time Series Transformer (FutureTST) model for streamflow forecasting that separately integrates past meteorological and streamflow data while incorporating future weather conditions. FutureTST achieves a mean Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.82 to 0.67 for 1- to 30-day streamflow forecasts. Incorporating upstream streamflow information improved forecast accuracy by up to 10%. During real-time forecast, FutureTST maintains higher forecast skills of 9.03 for 1-day and 5.74 for 14-day forecasts. In contrast, calibrated process-based hydrological model forecasts become unreliable beyond a 4-day lead time. Our findings demonstrate the potential of FutureTST as a reliable streamflow forecasting tool that offers a valuable addition to operational flood monitoring systems and climate-resilient decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaganmoy Jodder , Axel Hofmann , Marlina A. Elburg , Rebeun Ngobeli , Trond H. Torsvik
{"title":"Reply to comment on “Debunking the myth of a single Iron Ore Group in the Singhbhum Craton, India”","authors":"Jaganmoy Jodder , Axel Hofmann , Marlina A. Elburg , Rebeun Ngobeli , Trond H. Torsvik","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49674,"journal":{"name":"Precambrian Research","volume":"427 ","pages":"Article 107884"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental study on physiological responses during interval exercise and the effects on thermal perception.","authors":"Yujie Lin, Hong Jin, Tingkai Yan, Jian Kang","doi":"10.1007/s00484-025-02993-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-025-02993-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The physiological response during interval exercise and its significance in determining thermal perception remain unclear. There is a paucity of quick and convenient thermal perception assessment methods in exercisers, which impedes the advancement of real-time thermal perception evaluation in exercise spaces. In this study, five thermal conditions were set up in a thermal chamber to simulate the thermal environment of a cold region and evaluate the dynamic physiological responses during interval exercise and their effect on temperature perception.The results showed that heart rate, sweat feeling index, and heat storage rate values were in line with thermal sensation dynamics. The calf's skin temperature had the strongest correlation with thermal perception among the other skin temperatures. While heart rate was tightly linked to metabolic heat production, the calf's skin temperature was affected by both exercise intensity and ambient temperature, which are directly related to thermal perception during interval exercise, and these two physiological can be tracked in real-time with portable devices. A model for predicting thermal perception was developed based on heart rate and the skin temperature of the calf, and the explanation rate was 89.8%.</p>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sidali Chine , Rim Temani , Fateh Mebrouk , Hayet Khayati Ammar , Mehiddine Amimour , Francesco Sciuto
{"title":"First report of late Messinian Lago-Mare micropaleontological assemblage in northeastern Algeria (Beni Fouda Basin)","authors":"Sidali Chine , Rim Temani , Fateh Mebrouk , Hayet Khayati Ammar , Mehiddine Amimour , Francesco Sciuto","doi":"10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2025.105783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2025.105783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first detailed micropaleontological investigation of Late Messinian Lago-Mare facies in the Beni Fouda Basin (Northeastern Algeria). Analyzing 20 samples from four stratigraphic sections (KAL, KAU, KAM, DH), our findings reveal an oligotypic micropaleontological assemblage comprising six ostracod taxa (five genera) alongside dominant charophytes, with <em>Sphaerochara miocenica</em> being the only species formally identified. The assemblage, characterized by euryhaline <em>Cyprideis</em> species and freshwater taxa like <em>Ilyocypris gibba</em> and <em>Candona angulata</em>, indicates transitional lagoonal environments with significant fluvial influence. Here, we report the first documented occurrence of the genus <em>Zonocypris</em> in North Africa, contributing new data to our understanding of its biogeographic distribution.</div><div>A major contribution of this study is the stratigraphic positioning of Lago-Mare deposits above the Turolian Amama 2 vertebrate level, which significantly reduces the estimated hiatus between the Turolian and Pliocene in northeastern Algeria. This finding refines the regional stratigraphic framework and highlights regional variations in Lago-Mare environments. Unlike the Chelif Basin, the Beni Fouda Basin is characterized by a persistent freshwater influence, the absence of marine planktonic microfossils, and a lack of evidence for the Messinian Erosional Surface, emphasizing the influence of local factors on Messinian paleoenvironments. Furthermore, the presence of Paratethyan-affinity taxa supports the hypothesis that the paleo-Sicily Channel allowed faunal exchange between the Eastern and Western Mediterranean during the Late Messinian. This first report of Lago-Mare species in northeastern Algeria provides significant new insights into the stratigraphy and the Messinian-Pliocene transition in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14874,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Earth Sciences","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105783"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}