地球科学最新文献

{"title":"Tadpole-Shaped Nanoparticles in Impact Melt and Implication of High Temperature Chemical Garden in Lunar Soil","authors":"Qi He,&nbsp;Wentao Hu,&nbsp;Long Xiao,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang,&nbsp;Zaicong Wang,&nbsp;Yuqi Qian,&nbsp;Jinfu Shu,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhao,&nbsp;Yuqing Chang,&nbsp;Chen Li,&nbsp;Zhiyong Xiao,&nbsp;Xiaoping Zhang,&nbsp;Yiheng Li,&nbsp;Papineau Dominic,&nbsp;Siyuan Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Huang,&nbsp;Jiannan Zhao,&nbsp;Jiang Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Wu,&nbsp;Zhaochu Hu,&nbsp;Keqing Zong,&nbsp;Zhenbing She,&nbsp;Yang Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008584","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanoparticles within lunar soil grains are a primary product of space weathering. The microstructural and chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles are diverse and their formation mechanisms are still under debate. In this paper, for the first time, tadpole-shaped nanoparticles (with Fe-Ni(-S) head and Fe-Ti-O tail) were found in the impact melt glass spherule of an agglutinate in the returned Chang'e-5 lunar soil, and their possible formation mechanisms were discussed. In terms of the Fe-Ni(-S) “head” formation mechanisms, they probably produced by shock-induced dissemination. Another possibility is that the Fe-Ni(-S) heads were derived from the impact glass due to liquid immiscibility. The S degassing of FeS was contributed to nanophase Fe-Ni metal. For the Fe-Ti-O tails, they are devitrified ilmenites, nucleated as a result of the passage of the Fe nanoparticles through the melt. These nanoparticles formed though impact-induced nonequilibrium growth and recorded the movement and migration of the Fe-Ni-S nanoparticles within the melt. The tadpole-shape nanoparticles provide a new example of viscous fingering in impact melts and the associated ilmenite dendrites point to the formation of high-temperature chemical gardens in lunar impact melt.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"129 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature, pH, and diet interactively affect biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in a benthic harpacticoid copepod","authors":"Jens Boyen, María T. Rodríguez, Bruno Vlaeminck, Patrick Fink, Pascal I. Hablützel, Marleen De Troch","doi":"10.1002/lno.12763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12763","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse gas emissions lead to ocean warming and acidification, negatively impacting marine organisms and their functioning, including long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) production by marine microalgae. Copepods, primary consumers of microalgae, possess a unique capacity for endogenous LC‐PUFA biosynthesis, possibly enabling them to cope with reduced dietary LC‐PUFA availabilities. However, this capacity may be itself impacted by changing oceanographic conditions. In this study, we conducted a laboratory experiment to evaluate the combined effects of warming (+3°C), acidification (−0.4 pH), and dietary LC‐PUFA deficiency on the fatty acid composition and LC‐PUFA biosynthesis (measured by quantitative RT‐PCR) of the benthic harpacticoid copepod <jats:italic>Platychelipus littoralis</jats:italic> (Brady, 1880). We hypothesized increased LC‐PUFA biosynthesis under all drivers compensating for LC‐PUFA reductions. Lipid profiles of copepods exposed to multiple stressors contained shorter‐chained and more saturated fatty acids. While copepods maintained base‐line relative concentrations of the physiologically important LC‐PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on an LC‐PUFA deficient diet at ambient temperatures, DHA concentrations decreased significantly with higher temperatures. Expression of the DHA biosynthesis genes Δ4 front‐end desaturase and elovl1a increased under dietary LC‐PUFA deficiency but did not exceed base‐line levels when simultaneously exposed to acidification. Expression of Δ4 front‐end desaturase and multiple elongases correlated positively with C<jats:sub>18</jats:sub> precursor concentrations and negatively with those of LC‐PUFAs such as DHA, indicating their role as LC‐PUFA biosynthesis enzymes. Overall, our findings suggest that ocean warming and acidification may impede benthic copepods' LC‐PUFA biosynthesis capacity under reduced dietary inputs, limiting their contribution toward global LC‐PUFA availability for higher trophic levels.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionospheric Irregularities Coinciding With the 2023 Typhoon Saola: A Multi-Instrument Study","authors":"Wenfeng Nie,&nbsp;Fangyuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhizhong Qiao,&nbsp;Tianhe Xu,&nbsp;Yong Wang,&nbsp;Mingzhu Ye,&nbsp;Lianhuan Hu,&nbsp;Tong Liu","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typhoons exert significant influences on the ionosphere through atmospheric waves, ultimately affecting radio signals in the L-band of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Due to the limitations of ground observations, the mechanisms and full impacts of typhoon-induced ionospheric variation remain to be explored. To address this gap, we embarked on a challenging expedition, employing a shipborne ionospheric scintillation monitoring receiver (ISMR) to gather data near the trajectory of Typhoon Saola during August and September 2023. The results revealed prominent amplitude scintillation and total electron content fluctuations in GNSS satellite detections, particularly during sunset from 29 to 31 August 2023. The findings are cross-validated with ground GNSS stations, high-frequency radar and the Swarm satellite, confirming the presence of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). These EPBs have demonstrable effects on GNSS signals, ultimately influencing the precision of positioning performance. By examining the influence of the neutral wind field on atmospheric gravity waves triggered by typhoons, we elucidated how these waves impact the ionosphere, ultimately leading to the formation of plasma bubbles.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":"129 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing phenological differences of invasive shrubs in a forest matrix using high resolution VENµS time series","authors":"Liang Liang, Jian Yang, William C. Wittenbraker, Ellen V. Crocker, Monika A. Tomaszewska, Geoffrey M. Henebry","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2024.104333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.104333","url":null,"abstract":"Many invasive shrubs in the eastern deciduous forests of the United States use the temporal niche before and after the native tree canopy leaf-on period (leafing out prior to most native species and retaining leaves after most natives senesce) to establish in the light-limited environment of the understory. To support an increased understanding of invasive shrub species’ ecology and distribution patterns and inform better management plans, this key phenological difference needs to be characterized in detail. Here we leveraged the high-resolution observations from the French-Israel VENµS mission to examine the phenological characteristics of a widespread invasive shrub species—Amur honeysuckle (AH; <ce:italic>Lonicera maackii</ce:italic> (Rupr.) Herder)—compared to native deciduous trees in Robinson Forest, Kentucky. VENµS offered daily superspectral (12 narrow bands) observations at 4 m resolution in a limited number of global sites, providing us with crucial data for the analysis. We identified three forest communities with respect to AH presence through field surveys (<ce:italic>i.e.,</ce:italic> uninvaded forest stands, forest stands with AH understory, and AH shrub thickets) and compared their VENµS-derived spectral signatures and time series of vegetation indices. In 2023, AH shrub thickets greened up one month earlier than uninvaded forest stands (mid-March vs. mid-April). AH leaf growth advanced into full green before the canopy tree greenup started in early April, marking an optimal window for isolating areas with AH understory from the uninvaded forest using remote sensing. Based on the phenological differences identified, we predicted the distribution of AH in the study area using a two-date differencing model and a spectral mixture analysis. Our detailed findings using VENµS data offer insights into the temporal dynamics of invasive shrubs and native trees in a typical eastern deciduous forest. While our prediction of the AH distribution was confounded by the presence of native early greening and/or evergreen understory plants at a few locations, it was still moderately accurate (overall accuracy ∼ 70 %) and its abundance estimates agreed with observations in forest stands with minimal native understory growth. Moving forward, high-resolution remote sensing observations combined with a phenology-based approach will likely support more precise monitoring and management of invasive understory plants in native forest ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":50341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subauroral TEC Enhancement, GNSS Scintillation, and Positioning Error During STEVE","authors":"R. H. Chen,&nbsp;Y. Nishimura,&nbsp;W. Liao,&nbsp;J. L. Semeter,&nbsp;M. D. Zettergren,&nbsp;E. F. Donovan,&nbsp;V. Angelopoulos","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the first simultaneous observations of total electron content (TEC), radio signal scintillation, and precise point positioning (PPP) variation associated with Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement (STEVE) emissions during a 26 March 2008 storm-time substorm. Despite that the mid-latitude trough TEC decreases during the substorm overall, interestingly, we found an unexpected TEC enhancement (by ∼2 TECU) during STEVE. Enhancement of vertical TEC and phase scintillation was highly localized to STEVE within a thin latitudinal band of 1°. As STEVE shifted equatorward, TEC enhancement was found at and slightly poleward of the optical emission. PPP exhibited enhanced variation across a 3° latitudinal range around STEVE and indicated increased GNSS positioning error. We suggest that TEC enhancement during STEVE creates local TEC structures in the ionosphere that degrade Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals and PPP performance. The TEC enhancement may be created by particle precipitation, Pedersen drift across STEVE, neutral wind, or plasma instability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":"129 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Links Between Internal Variability and Forced Climate Feedbacks: The Importance of Patterns of Temperature Variability and Change","authors":"Luke L. B. Davis, David W. J. Thompson, Maria Rugenstein, Thomas Birner","doi":"10.1029/2024gl112774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112774","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the relationships between internal variability and forced climate feedbacks is key for using observations to constrain future climate change. Here we probe and interpret the differences in these relationships between the climate change projections provided by the CMIP5 and CMIP6 experiment ensembles. We find that internal variability feedbacks better predict forced feedbacks in CMIP6 relative to CMIP5 by over 50%, and that the increased predictability derives primarily from the slow (&gt;20 years) response to climate change. A key novel result is that the increased predictability is consistent with the higher resemblance between the patterns of internal and forced temperature changes in CMIP6, which suggests temperature pattern effects play a key role in predicting forced climate feedbacks. Despite the increased predictability, emergent constraints provided by observed internal variability are weak and largely unchanged from CMIP5 to CMIP6 due to the shortness of the observational record.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Ionospheric Disturbances Due To Geomagnetic Storms of March and April 2023: Inferred From VLF Navigational Signals and Numerical Simulations","authors":"Rajat Tripathi,&nbsp;Dayanand Bhaskar,&nbsp;Ajeet Kumar Maurya,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar,&nbsp;Rajesh Singh","doi":"10.1029/2024JA033188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA033188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>D-region effect of intense storm of 23 March (<i>D</i>_<i>st</i> = −163 nT) and super storm of 23 April 2023 (<i>D</i>_<i>st</i> = −212 nT) have been investigated using VTX and NWC transmitter signals recorded at low latitude station Dehradun (DDN; 30.31°N, 78.03°E), India. During March storm on 23 March, amplitude anomalies of +2.92 (NWC) and +1.91 dB (VTX) were observed. April storm showed amplitude anomalies of −9.41 (NWC) and −2.68 dB (VTX) on 23 April. Long Wave Propagation Capability code (LWPC) has been used to model signal anomalies to obtain D-region Very low frequency (VLF) reference height (<i>H</i>′) and electron density gradient (<i>β</i>). During March storm, NWC-Dehradun path showed a decrease in <i>H</i>′ by 12.04 km and an increase in <i>β</i> by 0.301 km⁻¹, while VTX-Dehradun path showed an increase in <i>H</i>′ by 0.07 km and <i>β</i> by 0.032 km⁻¹ on 23 March. During April storm, VTX-Dehradun path showed increase in <i>H</i>′ by 0.315 km and an increase in <i>β</i> by 0.024 km⁻¹, while <i>H</i>′ increased by 2.91 km and <i>β</i> by 0.23 km⁻¹ for NWC—Dehradun path on 23 April. Wavelet analysis of VLF anomalies showed signatures of atmospheric gravity waves of periods between 30 and 100 min during both storms associated with joule heating in the high/auroral latitudes. Results suggest that storm time prompt penetration (PP) of electric fields has contributed to VLF signal anomalies during April storm's main phase, which is also supported by PP Equatorial Electric Field Model run for the location of DDN station.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":"129 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human driven climate change increased the likelihood of the 2023 record area burned in Canada","authors":"Megan C. Kirchmeier-Young,&nbsp;Elizaveta Malinina,&nbsp;Quinn E. Barber,&nbsp;Karen Garcia Perdomo,&nbsp;Salvatore R. Curasi,&nbsp;Yongxiao Liang,&nbsp;Piyush Jain,&nbsp;Nathan P. Gillett,&nbsp;Marc-André Parisien,&nbsp;Alex J. Cannon,&nbsp;Aranildo R. Lima,&nbsp;Vivek K. Arora,&nbsp;Yan Boulanger,&nbsp;Joe R. Melton,&nbsp;Laura Van Vliet,&nbsp;Xuebin Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00841-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41612-024-00841-9","url":null,"abstract":"In 2023, wildfires burned 15 million hectares in Canada, more than doubling the previous record. These wildfires caused a record number of evacuations, unprecedented air quality impacts across Canada and the northeastern United States, and substantial strain on fire management resources. Using climate models, we show that human-induced climate change significantly increased the likelihood of area burned at least as large as in 2023 across most of Canada, with more than two-fold increases in the east and southwest. The long fire season was more than five times as likely and the large areas across Canada experiencing synchronous extreme fire weather were also much more likely due to human influence on the climate. Simulated emissions from the 2023 wildfire season were eight times their 1985-2022 mean. With continued warming, the likelihood of extreme fire seasons is projected to increase further in the future, driving additional impacts on health, society, and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00841-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternating dominance of Westerlies and East Asian winter monsoon on dust activities across the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 18.5 ka","authors":"Hao Long, Yun Cai, Jingran Zhang, Liangqing Cheng, Linhai Yang, Hongyi Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104684","url":null,"abstract":"The mid-latitude Westerlies and the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) are two major atmospheric circulation systems influencing dust activities in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). However, the interplay between these wind systems and their effects on regional dust activities remain poorly understood. In this study, we present a well-dated aeolian sedimentary sequence from the loess section (ZES) on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (NE-QTP). It provides insights into the response of dust activities to these wind systems for the last 18.5 ka. We developed a detailed chronology for ZES section based on luminescence dating of multiple signals from 29 samples (yielding a total of 87 ages). The luminescence sensitivities and element analysis of the sediments indicate a shift in dust source around 7.5 ka, contributed to a transition in the atmospheric circulation controls of the NE-QTP. Specially, our findings suggest that dust activity was likely dominated by EAWM from 18.5 ka to 7.5 ka and by the Westerlies after 7.5 ka across this area. We propose that increased NH ice volume (NHIV) significantly enhanced the EAWM via strengthening Siberian High, driving dust activities over the high mountains during the Last Deglaciation and Early Holocene. In contrast, as NHIV decreased during the middle-to-late Holocene, the EAWM weakened and retreated from this area, allowing the Westerlies to dominate dust activities. Additionally, grain-size parameters of sediments were used to infer variations in the intensities of these winds, revealing a gradual weakening of EAWM since the Last Deglaciation and a marked intensification of the Westerlies during the warm middle Holocene. Under the current global warming scenario, we predict that the Westerlies will continue to dominate dust activities across the NE-QTP, with a potential increase in dust activities if the Westerlies enhance.","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Slip Deficit Rates and Its Insights Into Large and Slow Earthquakes at the Nankai Subduction Zone","authors":"Raymundo Plata-Martinez,&nbsp;Takeshi Iinuma,&nbsp;Fumiaki Tomita,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Nakamura,&nbsp;Takuya Nishimura,&nbsp;Takane Hori","doi":"10.1029/2023JB027942","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2023JB027942","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Nankai subduction zone presents significant seismic and tsunami risks, given its historical earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8 and the expectations of similar future events. Slow earthquakes, common at the shallow and deep plate interface, result from different frictional properties linked to interplate slip deficit accumulation. This study estimates slip deficit rates at the Nankai subduction zone using land and ocean-bottom geodetic data. Previous estimates encountered limitations, often smoothing slip deficits, omitting observational error differences between ocean-floor and land data, and relying on homogeneous structure models. To address these issues, we employ a novel trans-dimensional reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. This approach dynamically adjusts slip parameters, accommodating data resolution and producing a flexible slip distribution without predetermined spatial constraints. Additionally, it automatically weights data for observational errors and integrates elastic Green functions from a 3D structure of the Nankai region. Our results provide a finer, heterogeneous slip distribution, improving estimates in inland regions. However, limitations remain offshore in areas with sparse data. We revised the spatial distribution of Nankai slow earthquakes and confirmed a good agreement with intermediate slip deficit rates, identifying coupled and uncoupled regions. High slip deficit rates align with rupture areas of historic large earthquakes. Slow earthquakes occur at frictionally weak plate interfaces, and shallow slow earthquakes may result from subducting relief heterogeneities with important pore fluid pressure effects. We introduce an updated distribution of slip deficit rates for the Nankai subduction zone, considering observed slip deficit rates and the fast and slow earthquake occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"129 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023JB027942","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}