IF 6.7 2区地球科学

GIScience & Remote Sensing Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/15481603.2025.2555626

Andrea Monzón-González, Leonor Calvo, Víctor Fernández-García, José Manuel Fernández-Guisuraga

引用次数: 0

The advent of complex metallurgy 复杂冶金技术的出现

IF 2.5 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2025.106364

Yuval Goren , Yotam Asscher , Sariel Shalev , Magda Batiashvili , Gunel Nabisoy , Yarden Pagelson , Sonia Pinsky , Danny Rosenberg

{"title":"The advent of complex metallurgy","authors":"Yuval Goren , Yotam Asscher , Sariel Shalev , Magda Batiashvili , Gunel Nabisoy , Yarden Pagelson , Sonia Pinsky , Danny Rosenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2025.106364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2025.106364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the origins of extractive metallurgy in the southern Levant. It explores the beginnings of extractive metallurgy during the Ghassulian culture of the Chalcolithic period (approximately 4700/4500–3800 BCE), providing evidence that the production of complex alloys began earlier than previously believed. Utilizing a new radiocarbon sampling method that focuses on the production dates of metal objects rather than when they were discarded, the research examines artifacts from the famous Naḫal Mishmar hoard and their ritual context in Israel's Judean Desert. The study highlights the impact of the evolution of long-distance trade in copper alloys over time. The contrast between sophisticated objects made using the lost-wax technique with metal alloys from distant sources and simpler copper tools of local origin emphasizes the technological and socio-economic complexity of early metallurgy and trade in West Asia during the Chalcolithic era. Recent excavations at the Chalcolithic shrine in Ein Gedi provide valuable new insights that enhance our understanding of the chronology of Ghassulian culture. These findings can also help clarify the long-discussed relationship between the Ein Gedi shrine and the Naḫal Mishmar hoard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Riding through the heat: Assessing heat health risk of cycling based on diurnal temperature and shared-bike big data 高温骑行：基于昼夜温度和共享单车大数据评估骑行热健康风险

IF 5.4 2区地球科学

Applied Geography Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103764

Kun Zeng , Feng Gao , Yihuan Peng , Chang Liu , Wangyang Chen , Guanyao Li

{"title":"Riding through the heat: Assessing heat health risk of cycling based on diurnal temperature and shared-bike big data","authors":"Kun Zeng , Feng Gao , Yihuan Peng , Chang Liu , Wangyang Chen , Guanyao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine-scale heat health risks assessment is critical to improve resilience to global warming and extreme heat events. This study proposed a framework to estimate heat health risks of cyclists using massive bike-sharing trajectories and diurnal dynamic temperature data. This study proposed two indicators, accumulated heat health risks (CycHeat) and accumulated excessive heat health risks (CycExcessHeat), to estimate the heat health risks of bike-sharing cyclists in Beijing, Shanghai, and Xiamen based on massive GPS trajectories and diurnal dynamic temperature data. Results show that there is no significant difference in terms of the CycHeat between the morning peak and evening peak in both three cities. While the CycExcessHeat in the morning peak is significantly higher than that in the evening peak in Beijing, Shanghai, and Xiamen (p < 0.05). That is, the indicator that focuses on extreme heat is more reflective of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in cyclists' heat health risks. Finally, the relationship between CycExcessHeat and the built environment was regressed, and the model results align with the literature focusing on cycling frequency. This study provided a framework to estimate heat health risks of outdoor mobility, which provides management implications for transportation authorities and urban planning in the context of SDGs 3 and 11.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dayside Reconnection and Associated Cusp Structure in Response to Solar Wind Rotational Discontinuity (RD) in ANGIE3D Simulation ANGIE3D模拟中太阳风旋转不连续（RD）的日面重联和相关尖峰结构响应

IF 2.9 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025JA033811

Xiaolei Li, Xueyi Wang, Yu Lin, Chih-Ping Wang, Simon Wing, Gonzalo Cucho-Padin, Huayue Chen

{"title":"Dayside Reconnection and Associated Cusp Structure in Response to Solar Wind Rotational Discontinuity (RD) in ANGIE3D Simulation","authors":"Xiaolei Li, Xueyi Wang, Yu Lin, Chih-Ping Wang, Simon Wing, Gonzalo Cucho-Padin, Huayue Chen","doi":"10.1029/2025JA033811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JA033811","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solar wind directional discontinuities, such as rotational discontinuities (RDs), significantly influence energy and transport processes in the Earth's magnetosphere. A recent observational study identified a long-lasting double cusp precipitation event associated with RD in solar wind on 10 April 2015. To understand the magnetosphere-ionosphere response to the solar wind RD, a global hybrid simulation of the magnetosphere was conducted, with solar wind conditions based on the observation event. The simulation results show significant variations in the magnetopause and cusp regions caused by the passing RD. After the RD propagates to the magnetopause, ion precipitation intensifies, and a double cusp structure at varying latitudes and longitudes forms near noon in the northern hemisphere, which is consistent with the satellite observations by Wing et al. (2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl103194). Regarding dayside magnetopause reconnection, the simulation reveals that the high-latitude reconnection process persists during the RD passing, regardless of whether the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) with a high <i>B</i><sub><i>y</i></sub>/<i>B</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> ratio has a positive or negative <i>B</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> component, and low-latitude reconnection occurs after the RD reaches the magnetopause at noon when the IMF turns southward. By examining the ion sources along the magnetic field lines, a connection is found between the single- or double-cusp ion precipitation and the solar wind ions entering from both high-latitude and low-latitude reconnection sites. This result suggests that the double-cusp structure can be triggered by magnetic reconnection occurring at both low latitudes and high latitudes in the opposite hemispheres, associated with a large <i>B</i><sub><i>y</i></sub>/<i>B</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> ratio of the IMF around the RD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15894,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics","volume":"130 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Exail absolute quantum gravimeters AQG-A02 and AQG-B10 by comparison to a precise gravity reference Exail绝对量子重力仪AQG-A02和AQG-B10与精确重力参考的比较

IF 4.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Geodesy Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00190-025-01995-x

Julian Glässel, Hartmut Wziontek, Ezequiel Antokoletz, Erik Brachmann, Reinhard Falk, Jan Müller

{"title":"Evaluation of the Exail absolute quantum gravimeters AQG-A02 and AQG-B10 by comparison to a precise gravity reference","authors":"Julian Glässel, Hartmut Wziontek, Ezequiel Antokoletz, Erik Brachmann, Reinhard Falk, Jan Müller","doi":"10.1007/s00190-025-01995-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-025-01995-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present an evaluation of the novel absolute quantum gravimeters AQG-A02 and AQG-B10 by the French manufacturer Exail with an emphasis on the user's application and outlook for integration into the routine gravity measurements of the German Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG). Since the delivery of these instruments to BKG, test measurements have been performed at the well-established gravity reference stations in Wettzell and Bad Homburg. Our measurements confirm a sensitivity of 500 nm s<sup>−2</sup> Hz<sup>−1/2</sup> at a quiet site, as specified, equivalent to a precision of 10 nm/s<sup>2</sup> after 1-h integration time, and a combined uncertainty on the order of 100 nm/s<sup>2</sup>, based on a comparison to the local gravity reference function. We conclude that, as of yet, both AQGs do not reach the accuracy of FG5-type gravimeters, but provide advantages for continuous measurements and operation. Despite occasional technical issues with system reliability and pending research on improving the systematic errors, we expect the AQGs will find a central role in BKG's routine gravity measurements in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alluvial Stratigraphic Response to Abruptly Increasing and Variable Sediment Supply: Insights From Stratigraphic Forward Modeling 冲积地层对沉积物供应突然增加和变化的响应：来自地层正演模拟的见解

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115985

Youwei Wang, Hemmo A. Abels

{"title":"Alluvial Stratigraphic Response to Abruptly Increasing and Variable Sediment Supply: Insights From Stratigraphic Forward Modeling","authors":"Youwei Wang, Hemmo A. Abels","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115985","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding how alluvial stratigraphy responds to sediment supply perturbations is critical for interpreting past environmental changes from the sedimentary record, characterizing subsurface reservoirs, and forecasting future landscape evolution. However, identifying and quantifying sediment supply signals preserved in the rock record remain challenging, leaving their stratigraphic imprint insufficiently understood. To help address this issue, we use a process-based numerical model to simulate alluvial stratigraphy under different sediment supply scenarios, independently testing the effects of supply magnitude and variability. Our results show that sediment supply variability has a stronger impact than magnitude: increased variability leads to much thicker channel-belt deposits and elevated yet alternating high and low down-valley slopes. In contrast, greater total sediment supply results in only slightly thicker channel-belt deposits and uniformly elevated down-valley slopes. These results reconcile diverse fluvial stratigraphic responses to sediment-supply changes across basins during climatic perturbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking water sustainability by addressing SDG 6: Macrophyte-based wastewater treatment for agricultural irrigation in Pakistan 通过实现可持续发展目标6：巴基斯坦基于大型植物的农业灌溉废水处理，实现水的可持续性

IF 4.1 3区地球科学

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104099

Asim Qayyum Butt , Ghulam Yaseen , Allah Bachaya , Abid Latif

{"title":"Unlocking water sustainability by addressing SDG 6: Macrophyte-based wastewater treatment for agricultural irrigation in Pakistan","authors":"Asim Qayyum Butt , Ghulam Yaseen , Allah Bachaya , Abid Latif","doi":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pakistan's agriculture, a cornerstone of food security and economic stability, faces severe water scarcity, necessitating sustainable wastewater treatment for irrigation reuse. This study evaluates a small-scale Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) using <em>Azolla pinnata</em> to treat municipal wastewater in Agha Pora, Multan, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) for clean water and sanitation. Wastewater parameters—Electrical Conductivity (ECw), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), sodium, chloride, boron, nitrate, bicarbonate, pH, and fecal coliforms—were measured across Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs) of 3, 5, 7, and 10 days. After 10 days HRT, significant reductions were achieved: ECw (32.2 %), TDS (32.2 %), SAR (42.3 %), sodium (29.9 %), chloride (23.2 %), boron (33.3 %), nitrate (30.9 %), bicarbonate (49.0 %), pH (20.0 %), and fecal coliforms (41.3 %), meeting FAO Irrigation Water Quality Guidelines for restricted irrigation. These findings address gaps in species-specific (<em>Azolla pinnata</em>), region-specific (Pakistan), and HRT optimization research. The low-cost, low-maintenance WSP system offers a scalable solution for wastewater management in developing nations, supporting safe irrigation and freshwater conservation. However, single-location and single-species limitations suggest multi-site, multi-species trials to enhance scalability and broader applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54616,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scientific Machine Learning of Flow Resistance Using Universal Shallow Water Equations With Differentiable Programming 用可微规划的通用浅水方程进行流阻的科学机器学习

IF 5.4 1区地球科学

Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025wr040265

Xiaofeng Liu, Yalan Song

{"title":"Scientific Machine Learning of Flow Resistance Using Universal Shallow Water Equations With Differentiable Programming","authors":"Xiaofeng Liu, Yalan Song","doi":"10.1029/2025wr040265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr040265","url":null,"abstract":"Shallow water equations (SWEs) are the backbone of most hydrodynamics models for flood prediction, river engineering, and many other water resources applications. The estimation of flow resistance, that is, the Manning's roughness coefficient , is crucial for ensuring model accuracy, and has been previously determined using empirical formulas or tables. To better account for temporal and spatial variability in channel roughness, inverse modeling of using observed flow data is more reliable and adaptable; however, it is challenging when using traditional SWE solvers. Based on the concept of universal differential equation, which combines physics‐based differential equations with neural networks (NNs), we developed a universal SWEs (USWEs) solver, Hydrograd, for hybrid hydrodynamics modeling. It can do accurate forward simulations, support automatic differentiation (AD) for gradient‐based sensitivity analysis and parameter inversion, and perform scientific machine learning for physics discovery. In this work, we first validated the accuracy of its forward modeling, then applied a real‐world case to demonstrate the ability of USWEs to capture model sensitivity (gradients) and perform inverse modeling of Manning's . Furthermore, we used a NN to learn a universal relationship between , hydraulic parameters, and flow in a real river channel. Unlike inverse modeling using surrogate models, Hydrograd uses a two‐dimensional SWEs solver as its physics backbone, which eliminates the need for data‐intensive pretraining and resolves the generalization problem when applied to out‐of‐sample scenarios. This differentiable modeling approach, with seamless integration with NNs, provides a new pathway for solving complex inverse problems and discovering new physics in hydrodynamics.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The hardness-enhanced technique on the blade of bronze swords in the Wu and Yue States, China 吴越青铜剑刃的增硬技术

IF 2 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-025-02303-6

Yunpeng Wang, Quanlong Dai, Yanchang Liu, Bin Wang, Zhihua Gan, Qinglin Ma

{"title":"The hardness-enhanced technique on the blade of bronze swords in the Wu and Yue States, China","authors":"Yunpeng Wang, Quanlong Dai, Yanchang Liu, Bin Wang, Zhihua Gan, Qinglin Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12520-025-02303-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-025-02303-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The States of Wu and Yue were regional hegemons in China's late Spring and Autumn Period (fifth century BCE), centered in modern Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The weapons of these States stood at the pinnacle during this period, renowned for bronze swords like the Sword of Gou Jian. The rhombic-patterned swords and bimetallic swords are distinguished examples of bronze swords from the Wu-Yue region. Due to their rarity, obtaining suitable samples is extremely challenging. Fortunately, a rhombic-patterned bronze sword excavated from the Dahan Cemetery in Guanqiao Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, provided viable samples amenable to systematic analytical characterization. Analytical investigations, including metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), were conducted to examine the microstructural features and elemental composition of the material. The findings reveal that the rhombic pattern on the sword's surface consists of fine δ-phases. Moreover, a layer of corroded δ-phase is present on the surface of the blade edge. Due to honing and polishing during use, the thickness of the δ-phase on the sword's edge was only 1–2 μm. The δ-phase in the bronze alloy is a hard and brittle phase that can significantly increase the alloy's hardness. However, when the δ-phase content becomes too high, the plasticity and strength of the bronze alloy are markedly reduced. To address this challenge, the master swordsmiths of Wu and Yue states demonstrated remarkable innovation and technical expertise. They employed a unique technique to form a dense δ-phase-enhanced layer on the blade surface. This ingenious approach enhanced the hardness of the sword blade while preventing the loss of plasticity and strength caused by excessive δ-phase. Furthermore, this specialized treatment achieved an aesthetic breakthrough, with the practical function seamlessly blending with the artistic beauty of the sword body.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Synergistic Effect of Water Vapor, Thermodynamics, and Dynamics of the Heavy Rainfall Over Henan Province, China in July 2021 2021年7月中国河南省强降水水汽、热力学和动力协同效应分析

IF 2.5 4区地球科学

Meteorological Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/met.70096

Yang Yu, Rong Wan, Zhikang Fu

{"title":"Analysis of the Synergistic Effect of Water Vapor, Thermodynamics, and Dynamics of the Heavy Rainfall Over Henan Province, China in July 2021","authors":"Yang Yu, Rong Wan, Zhikang Fu","doi":"10.1002/met.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/met.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During July 19–21, 2021, Henan Province in China experienced a historically rare heavy rainfall event, with the maximum hourly rainfall amount appearing in Zhengzhou City, the capital of Henan Province, on 20 July (hereafter “7.20” HRE). In this study, the “7.20” HRE is analyzed based on the observations of 215 ground-based GNSS stations and 118 national meteorological stations in Henan Province, and ERA5 reanalysis data. By comparing the surface precipitation intensity, water vapor, and atmospheric energy conditions across temporal and spatial scales, it is shown that the area with heavy rainfall near Zhengzhou did not exhibit extreme atmospheric energy values or vertical environmental instability. The environmental conditions in the southeast of Zhengzhou were more conducive to the occurrence and development of precipitation, but there was no obvious precipitation on the ground. The analysis of water vapor consumption rate (<i>V</i><sub><i>c</i></sub>) and precipitation flux (<i>F</i>) reveals that a large amount of water vapor was consumed in the southeast of Zhengzhou, resulting in the formation of substantial precipitation above the 600 hPa level. The precipitation was carried to Zhengzhou by the southeast wind, leading to the precipitation content over Zhengzhou and its nearby areas increasing rapidly as altitude decreased from 600 hPa to 1000 hPa. The overlay of precipitation provided by both dynamic transport from the southeast and cloud microphysical production over Zhengzhou was the main cause of the “7.20” HRE under the background of an atypical weak environmental field.</p>","PeriodicalId":49825,"journal":{"name":"Meteorological Applications","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/met.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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