Markel Gómez‐Letona, Javier Arístegui, Ulf Riebesell, Marta Sebastián
{"title":"Consistent prokaryotic successional dynamics across contrasting phytoplankton blooms","authors":"Markel Gómez‐Letona, Javier Arístegui, Ulf Riebesell, Marta Sebastián","doi":"10.1002/lno.12773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12773","url":null,"abstract":"Heterotrophic prokaryotes play a vital role in organic matter cycling in the ocean and have been observed to undergo substrate‐controlled successions during phytoplankton blooms. However, there is limited understanding of the succession patterns during blooms triggered by upwelling events of different characteristics. Here we simulated eight upwelling scenarios of varying intensity and duration (single vs. recurring pulses) by adding nutrient‐rich mesopelagic waters into large‐scale mesocosms containing oligotrophic surface waters from the subtropical North Atlantic. Over a monitoring period of nearly 6 weeks, we observed that phytoplankton blooms displayed diverging outcomes depending on the upwelling mode: treatments with single upwelling pulses presented a unique, short‐lived bloom, whereas recurring upwelling resulted in blooms that were sustained over time. Prokaryotic abundances were positively related to upwelling intensity and presented three similar abundance cycles in all treatments, whereas heterotrophic activity differed between the two upwelling modes. The successional dynamics of free‐living and particle‐associated communities were consistent regardless of upwelling intensity and mode, with four or five prokaryotic assemblages sequentially proliferating during the experiment. Yet, some differences were observed in the taxa that formed the assemblages in both upwelling modes. Together, our results suggest that, despite differences in activity, prokaryotes seemed to be more influenced by processes taking place within the community than by phytoplankton bloom patterns, with similar succession dynamics even under widely distinct blooms. These findings can help advance our understanding on prokaryotic ecology and its relation to organic matter cycling across different upwelling scenarios.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced Precipitation of Energetic Protons Due to Uranus' Asymmetric Magnetic Field","authors":"M. Acevski, A. Masters","doi":"10.1029/2024gl112281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112281","url":null,"abstract":"Uranus remains one of the most unexplored planets in our solar system, featuring a distinctive magnetic field structure first observed by NASA's Voyager 2 mission almost 40 years ago. Uranus is particularly notable for its pronounced magnetic field asymmetry, a characteristic unique to the icy giants. Here we show that, in the region where Voyager 2 did not pass (<span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/a5659fe3-25d3-40c0-8ac1-d041d2bba345/grl68621-math-0001.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"84\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/grl68621-math-0001.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"6,8\" data-semantic-content=\"0\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"inequality\" data-semantic-speech=\"less than 4 upper R Subscript upper U\" data-semantic-type=\"relseq\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"empty\"></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"relseq,<\" data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"inequality\" data-semantic-type=\"relation\" rspace=\"5\" space=\"5\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"1,5\" data-semantic-content=\"7\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-mspace data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,\" data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"space\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" style=\"width: 0.25em;\"></mjx-mspace><mjx-msub data-semantic-children=\"3,4\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"8\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"subscript\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: -0.15em;\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-script></mjx-msub></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl68621:grl68621-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/grl68621-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><mrow data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"6,8\" data-semantic-content=\"0\" data-semantic-role=\"inequality\" data-semantic-speech=\"less than 4 upper R Subscript upper U\" data-semantic-type=\"relseq\"><mrow data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-parent=\"9\" data-seman","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. C. A. Torbenson, J. Esper, R. Brázdil, U. Büntgen, J. E. Olesen, D. Semarádová, M. Vlach, O. Urban, J. Balek, T. Kolář, M. Rybníček, N. Pernicová, F. Reinig, E. Martinez del Castillo, P. D. Jones, M. Trnka
{"title":"Past and Future Climate-Driven Changes of Agricultural Land in Central Europe","authors":"M. C. A. Torbenson, J. Esper, R. Brázdil, U. Büntgen, J. E. Olesen, D. Semarádová, M. Vlach, O. Urban, J. Balek, T. Kolář, M. Rybníček, N. Pernicová, F. Reinig, E. Martinez del Castillo, P. D. Jones, M. Trnka","doi":"10.1029/2024gl112363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl112363","url":null,"abstract":"Europe is expected to experience major climatic shifts during the 21st century but the impact on agricultural productivity from such changes is uncertain. Here, we combine proxy, instrumental, and model data to assess interannual to multi-centennial changes in central European agroclimate over the past 2,000 years and projections into the near future. Whereas early 21st century conditions are rare but not fully unprecedented, more than half of the area that was considered highly productive throughout the Common Era in central Europe currently falls outside of that definition. This trend will likely continue as even the most conservative climate projections push central Europe outside the range of past natural variability of changes to agroclimatic zones. Reconstructed extremes prior to the instrumental record align well with contemporary documentary records of societal upheaval. Forecasted changes to the main agroclimatic drivers require substantial adaptation in land use and agricultural management strategies of considerable costs.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Feng, Tim J. Grandjean, Johan van de Koppel, Daphne van der Wal
{"title":"A spatiotemporal framework to assess the bio-geomorphic interplay of saltmarsh vegetation and tidal emergence (Western Scheldt estuary)","authors":"Jing Feng, Tim J. Grandjean, Johan van de Koppel, Daphne van der Wal","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2024.104337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.104337","url":null,"abstract":"Sea level changes will significantly drive hydrodynamic, morphological, and ecological development of estuaries. However, the interplay of geomorphology and vegetation at estuary scales remains unclear. To better understand this process, we take the Western Scheldt estuary in the Netherlands as an example to reveal the link between changes in emersion duration and vegetation dynamics in the period 1993–2016. We found that tidal flats in the Western Scheldt become steeper—higher intertidal areas increased in elevation and emersion duration, whereas the low-lying edges of tidal flats experienced a decrease in elevation and emersion duration. We found that longer emersion duration was associated with increased plant diversity and cover. Furthermore, we detected the unique spatiotemporal response patterns of four abundant plant species to geomorphological variations. Our study suggests that on a large estuary scale, geomorphological changes are coupled to the richness and cover of plant communities, and that potential changes in relative sea level can induce structural modifications of the plant communities. It also emphasizes the importance of assessing the potential effects of localized relative sea level changes while considering all aspects of natural processes and direct and indirect human influences. Our study provides a framework to assess the bio-geomorphic processes in a spatially explicit way.","PeriodicalId":50341,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dislocation Creep of Diopside Aggregates Under Unsaturated Hydrous Conditions at a Confining Pressure of 300 MPa","authors":"Jianfeng Li, Maoshuang Song, Hao Wang, Guinan Zhang, Shenghua Mei, Xiaodong Zheng, Xiaoning Wang, Zhexuan Jiang","doi":"10.1029/2024jb029472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jb029472","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the dislocation creep behavior of clinopyroxene in the upper mantle, hot-pressed diopside aggregates without predrying treatment were triaxially deformed under water-unsaturated conditions at a confining pressure of 300 MPa, temperatures of 1323–1523 K, and strain rates of 10<sup>−6</sup>–10<sup>−4</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, using a Paterson gas-medium apparatus. Fourier transform infrared measurements of the water contents of the samples before and after deformation revealed that water diffusion loss occurred during the deformation process. A simple diffusion model based on Fick's law was established to predict the variation in the water content with respect to time during deformation. Fitting the mechanical data with a power flow law yielded a stress exponent <i>n</i> of 4.3 ± 0.3, an activation energy <i>Q</i> of 427 ± 31 kJ/mol and a water content exponent <i>r</i> of 1.2 ± 0.2 for the dislocation creep of the diopside aggregates under water-unsaturated conditions. When the flow law was extrapolated to anhydrous and water-saturated conditions, the calculated flow strengths of the diopside aggregates were generally in agreement with the strengths determined directly by deformation experiments, but there also existed contribution from grain boundary water under water-saturated conditions. The results of our study indicate that the strength of diopside or upper mantle clinopyroxene is comparable to the strength of olivine under anhydrous conditions but weaker than that of olivine under water-saturated conditions in the dislocation creep regime. Therefore, diopside might dominate the rheological behavior in some clinopyroxene-enriched and hydrous regions of the upper mantle.","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bonnell, K. Elder, D. McGrath, H. P. Marshall, B. Starr, N. Adebisi, R. T. Palomaki, Z. Hoppinen
{"title":"L-Band InSAR Snow Water Equivalent Retrieval Uncertainty Increases With Forest Cover Fraction","authors":"R. Bonnell, K. Elder, D. McGrath, H. P. Marshall, B. Starr, N. Adebisi, R. T. Palomaki, Z. Hoppinen","doi":"10.1029/2024gl111708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl111708","url":null,"abstract":"There is a pressing need for global monitoring of snow water equivalent (SWE) at high spatiotemporal resolution, and L-band (1–2 GHz) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) holds promise. However, the technique has not seen extensive evaluation in forests. We evaluated this technique across varying forest canopy conditions using eight InSAR pairs collected at the Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado, USA by NASA UAVSAR during the 10-week NASA SnowEx 2021 Campaign. Compared with in situ measurements, we found root mean squared errors (RMSEs) of 14–17 mm for SWE changes in forest cover fractions (FCF) < 0.40, but RMSEs increased to 33–40 mm at FCF > 0.50. Statistical distributions between normalized lidar snow depths and normalized UAVSAR SWE were similar at FCF < 0.5, but diverged at FCF > 0.50. Thus, the upcoming NISAR L-band satellite has strong potential for global snowpack monitoring, including below sparse to moderate forest cover.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"281 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie J. Wilson, Joseph J. Tamborski, Bongkeun Song, Peter Bernhardt, Margaret R. Mulholland
{"title":"Submarine groundwater discharge as a major nutrient source in river‐fed vs. tidally dominated estuaries","authors":"Stephanie J. Wilson, Joseph J. Tamborski, Bongkeun Song, Peter Bernhardt, Margaret R. Mulholland","doi":"10.1002/lno.12772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12772","url":null,"abstract":"The tidal tributaries of the lower Chesapeake Bay experience seasonally recurring harmful algal blooms and the significance of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) as a nutrient vector is largely unknown. Here, we determined seasonal SGD nutrient loads in two tributaries with contrasting hydrodynamic conditions, river‐fed (York River) vs. tidally dominated (Lafayette River). Radon surveys were performed in each river to quantify SGD at the embayment‐scale during spring and fall 2021. Total SGD was determined from a <jats:sup>222</jats:sup>Rn mass balance and Monte Carlo simulations. Submarine groundwater discharge rates differed by a factor of two during spring (Lafayette = 11 ± 17 cm d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>; York = 6 ± 10 cm d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) and a factor of six during fall (Lafayette = 19 ± 27 cm d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>; York = 3 ± 7 cm d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). Groundwater N concentrations and fluxes varied seasonally in the York (4–7 mmol N m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). In the Lafayette River, seasonal N fluxes (22–37 mmol N m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> d<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) were driven by seasonal water exchange rates, likely due to recurrent saltwater intrusion. Submarine groundwater discharge–derived nutrient fluxes were orders of magnitude greater than riverine inputs and runoff in each system. Additionally, sediment N removal by denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation would only remove ~ 1–11% of dissolved inorganic nitrogen supplied through SGD. The continued recurrence of harmful algal blooms in the Bay's tidal tributaries may be indicative of an under‐accounting of submarine groundwater‐borne nutrient sources. This study highlights the importance of including SGD in water quality models used to advise restoration efforts in the Chesapeake Bay region and beyond.","PeriodicalId":18143,"journal":{"name":"Limnology and Oceanography","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tropospheric Thermodynamic Conditions Necessary for Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification","authors":"Stipo Sentić, Željka Stone, David J. Raymond","doi":"10.1029/2024gl111263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl111263","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of the Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification (TCRI) project, we investigated thermodynamic conditions necessary for cyclone intensification. While high sea surface temperature and low tropospheric wind shear are well known environmental factors contributing to storm intensification, they are not sufficient to predict intensification and rapid intensification in particular. To explore thermodynamic factors contributing to intensification, we used dropsondes deployed in pre-storm and storm environments interpolated on a regular grid via a 3D variational analysis. We find that in mesoscale convective areas an instability index, which measures the stability of the atmosphere to moist convection, and saturation fraction, which measures the moisture content of the atmosphere, show a narrow range of values favorable for intensification, and rapid intensification in particular.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Evidence for Reaction-Induced Weakening of (Carbonated) Serpentinite Fault Gouges","authors":"L. Eberhard, A. R. Niemeijer, O. Plümper","doi":"10.1029/2024jb029887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024jb029887","url":null,"abstract":"The seismic potential of faults depends on the local mineralogy and can change upon mineral reactions. We conducted friction experiments on serpentinite, carbonate and carbonated serpentinite fault gouges at temperatures from 400°C to 630°C, under 100 MPa effective normal stress and fluid saturated conditions. Pure serpentinite fault gouges exhibited unstable slip with significant strain-hardening. Carbonate-bearing serpentinite fault gouges showed stable sliding at temperatures <500°C, but displayed unstable stick-slip behavior and strong strain weakening at temperatures ≥500°C. Microstructural analyses revealed localization and the formation of olivine and pyroxene from devolatilization reactions at temperatures ≥500°C. The degree of devolatilization increased near major slip planes and was enhanced by higher temperature and carbonate content, as shown by three-dimensional micro-computer tomography analyses. Nano-scale transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed the absence of hydrous and carbonate phases along major slip planes. We attribute the strong weakening and unstable slip behavior in carbonated serpentinite fault gouges to the formation of nano-sized anhydrous phases of olivine and pyroxene along the slip plane. Our results indicate that serpentinized fault zones may experience seismic event nucleation at temperatures approaching the thermodynamic stability limit of serpentine. This suggests that the absence of seismic events cannot exclusively be attributed to serpentinization. The formation of carbonates, through replacive and additive carbonation, can explain aseismic deformation in transform faults, but at elevated temperatures, devolatilization reactions in carbonated serpentinites cause strong localization and strain weakening, accompanied by laboratory seismicity.","PeriodicalId":15864,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellie-May Oldfield, Mark S. Dunstan, Manasij Pal Chowdhury, Ludovic Slimak, Michael Buckley
{"title":"AutoZooMS: Integrating robotics into high-throughput ZooMS for the species identification of palaeontological remains at Grotte Mandrin, France","authors":"Ellie-May Oldfield, Mark S. Dunstan, Manasij Pal Chowdhury, Ludovic Slimak, Michael Buckley","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02073-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02073-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the vast majority of excavated palaeontological skeletal remains are fragmentary to the extent that they cannot be identified by morphological analysis alone, various molecular methods have been considered to retrieve information from an otherwise underutilised resource. The introduction of collagen fingerprinting, known as Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), has become one of the most popular approaches to improve taxonomic data yields from fragmentary bone. However, manual laboratory work remains a barrier to the analysis of larger sample numbers. Here we test the incorporation of liquid-handling robots to further develop ZooMS into a more automated technique using samples excavated from Grotte Mandrin, France. By increasing the faunal identifications of the morphological indeterminable remains at layer B2 (~ 42–44 Ka), from 55 to 1215 (1026 of which were processed via AutoZooMS), we identified a wider range of taxa, now including Ursidae and <i>Mammuthus</i>, as well as further hominin remains. AutoZooMS has the capacity to investigate larger proportions of palaeontological assemblages rapidly and cost effectively whilst requiring little human intervention, aiming to improve our understanding of the human past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12520-024-02073-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}