Gondwana Research最新文献

{"title":"A heterogeneous ensemble landslide susceptibility assessment method based on InSAR and geographic similarity extended landslide inventory","authors":"Youchen Zhu ,&nbsp;Huan Chen ,&nbsp;Deliang Sun ,&nbsp;Xing Zhu ,&nbsp;Qin Ji ,&nbsp;Haijia Wen ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Rong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landslide Susceptibility Mapping is a vital tool for assessing landslide risks and designing mitigation strategies. Traditional methods rely on field-based landslide inventories, which are time-consuming and costly, limiting their applicability in complex terrains and their ability to detect potential landslides in steep or subtle surface change areas. Based on multi-temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) surface monitoring, this study innovatively integrates Geomorphic Environmental Similarity analysis (GES) to extract potential samples from areas with similar geographical characteristics to known landslides. Considering the complex landslide mechanisms in Fengdu County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, this study further develops a heterogeneous ensemble model (Stacking) that integrates RF, LightGBM, and XGBoost algorithms to effectively capture nonlinear relationships and evaluate local landslide susceptibility. Results show that the GES-SAR-Stacking model outperforms traditional methods, with AUC improved by 2.27 %, accuracy by 1.34 %, precision by 3.05 %, recall by 2.32 %, and F1-score by 2.12 %. This study proposes a method that combines InSAR-based sample selection with ensemble learning, providing a dynamic and accurate solution for early warning and risk assessment in complex terrains. This method demonstrates high landslide detection capability in r reservoir banks, foothill foot slopes, and regions with intensive human activities, showing great potential for geological hazard management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 181-196"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection, attribution, and modeling of climate change: Key open issues","authors":"Nicola Scafetta","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) global climate models (GCMs) assess that nearly 100% of global surface warming observed between 1850–1900 and 2011–2020 should be attributed to anthropogenic drivers like greenhouse gas emissions. These models also generate future climate projections based on shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), aiding in risk assessment and the development of costly “Net-Zero” climate mitigation strategies. Yet, as this study discusses, the CMIP GCMs face significant scientific challenges in attributing and modeling climate change, particularly in capturing natural climate variability over multiple timescales throughout the Holocene. Other key concerns include the reliability of global surface temperature records, the accuracy of solar irradiance models, and the robustness of climate sensitivity estimates. Global warming estimates may be overstated due to uncorrected non-climatic biases, and the GCMs may significantly underestimate solar and astronomical influences on climate variations. The equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) to radiative forcing could be lower than commonly assumed; empirical findings suggest ECS values lower than 3 °C and possibly even closer to 1.1 ± 0.4 °C. Empirical models incorporating natural variability suggest that the 21st-century global warming may remain moderate, even under SSP scenarios that do not necessitate Net-Zero emission policies. These findings raise important questions regarding the necessity and urgency of implementing aggressive climate mitigation strategies. While GCMs remain essential tools for climate research and policymaking, their scientific limitations underscore the need for more refined modeling approaches to ensure accurate future climate assessments. Addressing uncertainties related to climate change detection, natural variability, solar influences, and climate sensitivity to radiative forcing will enhance predictions and better inform sustainable climate strategies.","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two magmatic-hydrothermal events in Xinzhai Sn polymetallic deposit, Yunnan Province, China: Constraints from cassiterite U-Pb geochronology and elemental compositions of single fluid inclusions","authors":"Ying-Hua Chen ,&nbsp;Wen-Chang Li ,&nbsp;Ting-Guang Lan ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yu Zhao ,&nbsp;Ming-Guo Deng ,&nbsp;Die Wang ,&nbsp;Yan-Wen Tang ,&nbsp;Ji-Huang Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Southeast Yunnan district is marked by multiple stages of magmatism, metamorphism, and early Paleozoic to Late Cretaceous Sn-W polymetallic mineralization. Numerous large to giant Sn-W deposits have developed and are closely related to skarns. Nevertheless, whether these skarns were contemporaneous with the Sn mineralization (economic skarn) or were superimposed on later tectonic events (noneconomic skarn) and whether the Sn polymetallic deposit formed from co-enrichment of Sn-In-Zn-Cu or enrichment of Sn-In superimposed by a separate Zn-Cu mineralization event remains poorly constrained. The Xinzhai deposit simultaneously developed Sn polymetallic mineralization and skarns (with Zn-Cu mineralization), making it a natural laboratory for exploring the mechanisms. Geological studies reveal that the Xinzhai deposit contains two separate hydrothermal systems: Sn-bearing hydrothermal veins (∼2.09 wt% Sn grade) and Sn-barren but sulfide-rich skarns (&lt;0.04 wt% Sn grade). Three generations of cassiterite (Cst1-Cst3) were identified within the Sn-bearing hydrothermal vein. Cst1 and Cst2 are overprinted by newly formed Cst3, resulting in extensive microporosity filled by zoisite, biotite, and Zn-Cu sulfides. Cst3 differs from Cst1-2 in composition (e.g., Zr/Hf, W/Fe, Ti/Sc, Nb/Ta, W, and U) and <em>f</em>O₂, indicating a different origin. LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating of Cst1 and Cst2 yielded ages of 428.1–425.8 and 416.8–411.3 Ma, respectively. In situ Rb–Sr dating of biotite, contemporaneous with Cst3, yielded an age of 203.9 ± 5.3 Ma. These ages suggest that primary Sn mineralization (Cst1-2) and metasomatic fluids (formed Cst3, retrograde skarn, and Zn-Cu sulfides) originated from the Caledonian and Indosinian orogenic episodes, respectively. Fluid inclusion studies suggest that the Caledonian Sn-bearing fluid has higher homogenization temperatures, salinities, and metal compositions than Indosinian metasomatic fluids. Caledonian Sn-bearing fluids display higher δ³⁴S values of sulfides (−2.34 to − 0.45 ‰) than Indosinian metasomatic fluids (−7.87 to 1.09 ‰). Based on geologic, textural, mineralogical, and geochemical evidences, we suggest that the Caledonian Sn polymetallic event was overprinted by Indosinian skarn and Zn-Cu mineralization episodes in the Xinzhai deposit. Caledonian Sn mineralization fluids were most likely inherited from the exsolution of granitic magma that intruded at ca. 430 Ma, whereas the Indosinian fluids probably derived from the metamorphic devolatilization of the Caledonian gneissic granites. This study further highlights that distinguishing the economic potential and noneconomic skarns in a hydrothermal system is crucial for Sn-Zn-In exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 123-150"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board (IFC)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1342-937X(25)00121-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1342-937X(25)00121-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Page IFC"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeographical network analysis of the Late Triassic dinosaurs and new insights on their geodispersal routes","authors":"Sulagna Sen ,&nbsp;Sourav Bagchi ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dinosaurian paleobiogeography has remained a compelling domain of interest in the field of vertebrate paleontology over the past few decades, though there has been little/no work with respect to the Late Triassic dinosaurian remains from India. This study investigates the probable centers of origin of the early dinosaurs that included various lineages such as Sauropodomorpha, Herrerasauria and Theropoda through the Late Triassic period using a phylogeny-based network analysis with especial emphasis on the Indian dinosaurs including the new skeletal elements recovered from the late Carnian to early/ middle Norian Tiki Formation of India. Our phylogenetic study positions <em>Tawa</em> as sister taxa to other late diverging herrerasaurids near the base of Herrerasauria, supports the placement of <em>Coelophysis</em> near the base of Neotheropoda and proposes alternative placements for a few sauropodomorphs. Networks of the Late Triassic dinosaurs including the contemporary sauropodomorphs and Herrerasauria exhibit nearly identical topologies with strong interconnectivity. Based on the network analysis, we propose South American origin for the Late Triassic Dinosauria with two primary dispersal trajectories leading to the Laurasian and Eastern Gondwanan landmasses simultaneously. We propose a new model that showed a closer faunal relationship between the South African and European provinces suggesting intercontinental faunal exchange and paleomigration particularly during the later stages of sauropodomorph evolution. Community detection algorithms revealed that the Late Triassic dinosaurian assemblage of India showed a stronger affinity with that of the South American fauna. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of phylogeny-based network analysis in the deduction of origination center and dispersal routes of the fossil animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 167-180"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Cretaceous invasion of Madagascan fresh waters by percomorph fishes (Teleostei: Acanthomorpha)","authors":"Alison M. Murray ,&nbsp;Donald B. Brinkman ,&nbsp;David W. Krause","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous isolated elements from freshwater Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) deposits in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar are identified as belonging to acanthomorph fishes. Multiple specimens representing the same bony element, including vertebrae, fin spines, basioccipitals, dentaries, hyomandibulae, anguloarticulars, and premaxillae (with a few other elements such as a vomer and a quadrate being less numerous), document the presence of several different morphologies that are indicative of at least three species. The morphologies of the elements, however, are broadly similar to one another, and we interpret this to be a reflection of their shared ancestry and identify the multiple species as representing a single lineage. Therefore, the material likely documents a single invasion of Madagascan fresh waters by a marine lineage, followed by the diversification of this lineage into several taxa within the freshwater environment. A less parsimonious scenario would be that the lineage may have diversified first in marine waters followed by several independent invasions of freshwaters by the most closely related lineages, which seems less likely. Most known Cretaceous acanthomorphs belong to Paracanthopterygii or early-diverging groups of Acanthopterygii, with few belonging to Percomorpha. The material reported here documents the presence of percomorphs in Upper Cretaceous freshwater deposits of Madagascar, the first from Eastern Gondwana and only the second from all of Gondwana. Additionally, the Madagascan acanthomorphs are much larger than most of those previously reported from Albian through Campanian marine and freshwater deposits, indicating that by the latest Cretaceous acanthomorph fishes had evolved relatively large body forms, at least in Eastern Gondwana.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 3D lithospheric structure of China Seas and adjacent areas: Combining geoid, gravity, and topography data","authors":"Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Hermann Zeyen ,&nbsp;Zhongsheng Li ,&nbsp;Wanyin Wang ,&nbsp;Yimi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The convergence of the Pacific, Eurasian, Philippine Sea, and Caroline Plates makes the China Seas and adjacent areas a natural laboratory for studying lithospheric evolution at ocean-continent transitions. We present a novel three-dimensional (3D) lithospheric model through an advanced joint inversion framework integrating multi-geophysical datasets (geoid, free air gravity anomaly, topography, and seismic Moho constraints). This study features three key advances: (1) A zonal parameterization scheme achieving higher lateral resolution than conventional models, delineating 15 tectonic units (10 km grid) with distinct thermal and density properties; (2) Integration of seismic Moho constraints, depth-dependent crustal/sedimentary densities, and thermally modulated mantle densities to enable comprehensive lithospheric characterization; (3) Key lithospheric transects reveal: (i) Progressive lithospheric thinning from cratonic basins (Ordos: 160 ± 5 km; Sichuan: 155 ± 7 km) to active margins (Okinawa Trough: 80 ± 10 km), with LAB uplift amplitudes (Bohai Bay: 50 ± 8 km; South China Block: 35 ± 6 km) correlating with Pacific slab rollback; (ii) Seafloor spreading in the South China Sea has resulted in LAB uplift of 40 ± 5 km, associated with mantle upwelling consistent with previous geodynamic modeling. These findings redefine the 3D lithospheric framework of the study area, illustrating the interplay between plate boundary forces, mantle dynamics, and lithospheric deformation across ocean-continent transitions. Although our results don’t change fundamentally the overall lithospheric image of the area, our results provide better constraints for advancing geodynamic models and offer key insights into non-isostatic subduction dynamics within complex plate interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 151-166"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable water management practice in South Asian Countries: The importance of water resources, temperature, and bioenergy on ecological footprint","authors":"Muhammad Haroon Shah ,&nbsp;Syed Tauseef Hassan ,&nbsp;Irfan Ullah ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Wang ,&nbsp;Ashfaq Ahmad Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sustainability of essential resources like water, food, and energy is critical for human well-being and societal development. In the ASEAN context, understanding the relationship between economic growth, water resources, temperature, and bioenergy is crucial for shaping effective policies. This study examines the impact of these factors on the ecological footprint, offering insights into the region’s sustainable resource management. A sustainable ecosystem remains a prerequisite for the efficient exploitation and utilization of these resources By utilizing advanced panel econometrics models such as CUP-BC (Continuously-Updated and Bias-Corrected) and CUP-FM (Continuously-Updated and Fully-Modified), and bolstered by common correlated mean group (CCMG) and augmented mean group (AMG) models to ensure robustness. Additionally, the study reveals that the positive relationship between water resources and temperature contributes to an increase in the ecological footprint. It is worth noting that the bioenergy coefficient, which is both negative and significant, indicates a favorable contribution towards the reduction of ecological footprint. The reliability of the study is highlighted by its consistency across multiple models. Policymakers in South Asian nations must give precedence to the implementation of sustainable water management methods in order to successfully address the increasing ecological impact associated with the interrelationship between water resources and temperature. Findings of the study support the recommendation to encourage the adoption of bioenergy as an effective strategy for decreasing ecological impact and promoting environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 109-122"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Net Zero 2050/2060 a sensible forward-looking pathway for human civilization? A geological long-term perspective","authors":"David I. Groves, M. Santosh, Daniel Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"Since formation of the IPCC, increasing concerns have been voiced about potential climate changes, particularly global warming, caused by anthropogenic CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> emissions. More extreme climate models projected by the media are suggested to cause future global catastrophes such as rapid sea level rise and increasing frequency of destructive weather events. Although no catastrophic predictions have eventuated, anxiety by global governments has led to introduction of incredibly expensive drastic measures to control these emissions through Net Zero 2050. This would mark phase one of an endless energy transition from fossil fuels to clean energy powered by wind turbines and solar panels and clean transport through battery-powered EVs. The dimensions and total cost of this multi-phase transition to serve an increasingly energy-hungry civilization are staggeringly high.","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessment of heat flow in West–Central China: Implications for the extent of the high heat flow region","authors":"Yibo Wang ,&nbsp;Chaoqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhennan Zhong ,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Shengbiao Hu ,&nbsp;Zhonghe Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat flow research in China has evolved significantly over the past 40 years, with notable improvements in quality standards of heat flow data, particularly in West–Central China (WCC). In this study, we developed a multi–parameter evaluation system to evaluate the heat flow data of the WCC. Meanwhile, new heat flow data from recent years were also considered in this study. Based on this, we obtained the reliability factor of heat flow in the WCC and performed mapping. The results of the study show that our novel evaluation system can effectively take into account the variation of heat flow reliability factors and facilitate their matching with the presentation of heat flow map. Furthermore, we offer an in–depth exploration of the spatial distribution and origins of high heat flow regions across the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent areas. The intricate geological dynamics within the Tibetan Plateau potentially exert significant influences on the broader region of north–central China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 64-76"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}