Geological Journal最新文献

{"title":"Apatite and Whole-Rock Chemistry of Matrix in Volcanic Carbonatite Breccia From Outer Breccia of Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex, Gujarat, India","authors":"Sunit Mohanty,&nbsp;Arundhuti Ghatak,&nbsp;Vishal Nareda,&nbsp;Chiranjeeb Chatterjee,&nbsp;Victor A. Zaitsev","doi":"10.1002/gj.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Volcanic carbonatitic breccia is the most voluminous carbonatite formation found in the Amba Dongar Complex (ADC). These breccias are present in both the inner ring dyke as well as the northwestern region of Mongra-Padvani, referred to as the outer breccia. This study presents the mineral chemistry of apatite along with whole-rock geochemistry of the matrix from volcanic carbonatitic breccia of the Padvani region from ADC. The breccias are matrix-supported with few carbonatitic clasts of ADC. Apatites are found in the groundmass and display a morphology and chemistry that are distinct compared to apatites from the coherent carbonatites of the ADC, and have significantly larger concentrations of rare earth elements. The trace element concentration of the carbonatitic matrix closely resembles that of ADC, with anomalously high Nb (290–960 ppm) linked to a significant presence of pyrochlore supergroup minerals. REE-bearing phases include monazite and pyrochlore group of minerals with minor parisite-Ce. The samples also exhibit high (La/Yb)_CN values (~42), and moderate (La/Sm)_CN values (~7), with similar REE patterns compared to the ADC carbonatites. The integrated study of petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, and mineral chemistry suggests that the Mongra-Padvani region is a secondary eruption centre in the northwestern region of ADC. An emplacement model is presented for the origin of the outer breccia. In addition, the present study highlights the economic relevance of carbonatitic breccia in the ADC, emphasising their potential as hosts for REE mineralisation. The significant concentration levels observed in these rocks suggest promising avenues for mining endeavours.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1885-1908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Mineral Resources for Future Green Energy: Understanding Formation Mechanisms and Processing Technologies—Introduction","authors":"Fei Xue,&nbsp;Xiying Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaocan Yu,&nbsp;Yuanyi Zhao,&nbsp;Huawen Cao","doi":"10.1002/gj.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global shift toward low-carbon energy technologies has significantly increased the demand for critical minerals such as lithium, rare earth elements (REEs) and helium. This special issue “Critical minerals” brings together 19 original research articles and review papers that address recent advances in both extraction technologies and the geological understanding of critical mineral deposits. The first section focuses on innovative recovery methods for lithium and REEs from sources such as electronic waste and salt lake brines, with promising industrial applications reported in China, Algeria and India. It also includes a study on optimising carbon capture and storage through improved source-sink matching. The second section investigates ore-forming processes and exploration strategies for hard-rock and brine-type deposits, including pegmatite-hosted lithium, carbonatite-related REEs, sandstone-hosted uranium, quartz-vein tungsten and porphyry copper deposits. Several studies from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau offer new insights into lithium enrichment mechanisms in geothermal and saline environments, using geochemical and isotopic methods. Additionally, a new model for helium accumulation in shale gas reservoirs highlights the structural controls on gas migration and trapping. Collectively, these contributions advance our understanding of mineralizing processes in diverse geological settings and support the sustainable development of critical mineral resources essential for the global energy transition.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1771-1774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on the Sustainable Development of Salt Lake Lithium Resources in the Qaidam Basin, China","authors":"Lingqin Yan,&nbsp;Zhonghong Yu,&nbsp;Xiangjun Li,&nbsp;Zhen Shi,&nbsp;Xiaolin Wei","doi":"10.1002/gj.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lithium, a crucial material for new energy vehicle batteries and the energy storage sector, is encountering escalating global competition. The Qaidam Basin, being one of China's major lithium-rich salt lake brine regions, a key site for lithium extraction from salt lakes, and an important production base for lithium carbonate, considerably influences China's self-sufficiency in lithium resources. Based on analysing the lithium resource status and the development and utilisation status of brine in the Qarhan, East Taijnar, West Taijnar, Yiliping, and Big Qaidam salt lakes in this region, and by systematically categorising the distribution characteristics of brine in salt lakes and subsurface brine, including fissure-pore brine types and sand conglomerate pore brine types, the paper identifies key issues in the exploration, development, and utilisation of salt lake lithium resources in the Qaidam Basin, including inadequate availability of factors of production, insufficient continuity and security in resources, low levels of comprehensive utilisation, insufficient core competitiveness of enterprises, and gaps in technological innovation. Based on these challenges, the paper puts forward several measures such as enhancement of infrastructure, verification of existing resources, enhancement of comprehensive utilisation, industrial optimisation and upgrading, and deepening of collaborative innovation. These strategies offer insights into the sustainable development and high-quality industrial growth of lithium resources in the region.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1974-1985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ LA-ICP-MSU-Pb Dating and Trace Element Analyses of Wolframites From the Guomuyang Tungsten Deposit in Fujian Province, China","authors":"Hang Li,&nbsp;Chuanyao Teng,&nbsp;Qian Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Su,&nbsp;Jikai Zhang,&nbsp;Ting Yu,&nbsp;Changsheng Guo","doi":"10.1002/gj.5238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5238","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In situ LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating and trace element analyses were conducted on the wolframites present in the quartz veinlets and large quartz veins of the ores within the Guomuyang tungsten deposit in Fujian. The results of the U–Pb dating indicate that the ages of the wolframite samples sourced from the quartz veinlets and large quartz veins are 109 Ma and 107–105 Ma, respectively. The timing of tungsten mineralization in the deposit coincides with the stages of tungsten mineralization in the Nanling area, suggesting that the large-scale tungsten mineralization in South China during the Early Cretaceous might have extended eastward from the Nanling area to the Wuyishan metallogenic belt. The wolframite in the quartz veinlets has relatively high concentrations of Nb and Ta and a low δEu value, indicating that the early quartz veinlets containing wolframite were formed under relatively reductive conditions. In addition, the non-characteristic features of the Y/Ho and Zr/Hf ratios of wolframite suggest that F might have played an important role in the migration and enrichment of tungsten. Through detailed morphological observations of the orebodies and analyses of the mineral assemblages, and in combination with the prominent geochemical characteristics of wolframite, which exhibit significant enrichment of heavy rare earth elements, as well as being poor in La and Ce while rich in Y, it is concluded that the genetic type of the Guomuyang tungsten deposit belongs to the magmatic-hydrothermal type tungsten deposit.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1928-1941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Ionic Evolution of Na–Mg–Cl Brines in Solar Saltworks and Their Processing Optimization: A Case Study From Chott Melrhir Salt Lake, Algeria","authors":"Farouk Remita,&nbsp;Merzouk Zatout,&nbsp;Messaoud Hacini,&nbsp;Ammar Ghodbane,&nbsp;Abdellatif Remita,&nbsp;Pin Gao,&nbsp;Yulong Li,&nbsp;Xiying Zhang","doi":"10.1002/gj.5232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5232","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Solar saltworks often face challenging production conditions, including drastic thermodynamic condition changes. The major ionic evolution of the inland brine in Chott Melrhir saltwork has been studied with an indoor polythermal and isothermal at 35°C evaporation simulation, using phase diagrams and forward geochemical modelling. Hydrochemical and mineralogical analysis indicated that the brine under investigation exhibits an oceanic chemical character and follows a metastable evaporation path similar to that of seawater at 35°C. During the transport to the surface, the brine undergoes a drastic concentration, depositing major calcium content as gypsum. Evaporation yields significant quantities of kainite, magnesium sulphate salts and halite, the latter of which precipitates predominantly at the outset of the process along with minimal gypsum contents. Raw salt and washing brine analysis indicated that the interstitial brine was the source of the major ionic impurity, along with clay and sand, while gypsum and calcium ions were identified as solar evaporation impurities. The use of PHREEQC (pH-Redox Equilibrium C-programme) geochemical simulation software and Pitzer's database has enabled the precise proposal of a shift in pumping densities for solar evaporation feed brine of approximately 1.221 and for washing brine of approximately 1.227. This methodology may be tested for the purpose of overcoming significant challenges posed by major ionic impurities that producers may encounter during production in such environments. Moreover, the results have the potential to facilitate the expansion of production through the separation of other salts that may possess greater economic value, such as kainite in this case.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1825-1839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Genesis of the Shallow Intercrystalline Brine in the Qaidam Dezong Mahai Basin as Indicated by Hydrochemistry and Hydrogen, Oxygen and Strontium Isotope Compositions","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiwei Qin,&nbsp;Yuliang Ma,&nbsp;Tong Pan,&nbsp;Jianzhou Chen,&nbsp;Chengwang Ding,&nbsp;Ziwen Jiang,&nbsp;Dong Zhang,&nbsp;Chenglin Liu,&nbsp;Qingkuan Li,&nbsp;Erfeng Ren,&nbsp;Ning Feng,&nbsp;Ruibo Liu,&nbsp;Xuerou Qin","doi":"10.1002/gj.5235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5235","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The potential resources of potassium and lithium in the underground brine of the Qaidam Mahai Basin are considerable. However, the research on the mineralization regularity of lithium-rich clay layer brine lacks a theoretical basis. This article takes the shallow intercrystalline brine of Dezong Mahai as the research object and employs hydrochemical and isotope geochemical methods to discuss the salinization and mineralization characteristics, evolution patterns, and the sources of brine-forming fluids of the underground brine. The shallow intercrystalline brine deposits in the study area belong to alkaline brines with high salinity, and the hydrochemical type is mainly the magnesium sulfate subtype. The contents of K⁺ and Li⁺ are relatively high, attaining the minimum industrial grade and the boundary grade respectively, and thus possess mining value. The Hydrochemical analysis reveals that the water chemical composition of the shallow intergranular brine in the study area is dominated by evaporation and crystallisation. Under the effect of evaporation and crystallisation, minerals such as gypsum, rock salt, mirabilite, glauberite, sylvite, carnallite and bischofite are precipitated. Under the water-rock interaction, carbonate rock precipitates are generated, evaporite and silicate rock minerals are dissolved, and the main ion sources of the brine are enriched. The hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis indicates that the shallow intergranular brine in the study area has a meteoric water origin, with a recharge elevation of approximately 3440 m, and is replenished by the meteoric water and snowmelt water from the Seshten Mountain and Nanbaxian Mountain. The strontium isotope analysis demonstrates that the material source of the shallow intergranular brine in the study area is multi-sourced, and there are certain supplies of rock salt leachate water, deep fluid, and water from the Yuqia River. There exists a close relationship between the genesis of the shallow intercrystalline brine in the study area and factors such as atmospheric precipitation, infiltration of surface water, admixture of deep fluids, evaporation and concentration, and water-rock interaction.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1998-2018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) From Different Sources of E-Waste and Their Potential Applications: A Focused Review","authors":"Rohit Kumar Dev,&nbsp;Shiv Narayan Yadav,&nbsp;Nisha Magar,&nbsp;Srijana Ghimire,&nbsp;Mahima Koirala,&nbsp;Rijan Giri,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Das,&nbsp;Sujit Kumar Shah,&nbsp;Ramesh L. Gardas,&nbsp;Ajaya Bhattarai","doi":"10.1002/gj.5207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rapid use of electrical and electronic devices due to their wide applications in various fields produces a large amount of e-waste (electronic waste) in the modern world. To overcome this problem, there is a need to recycle the used product into useful products from e-waste. Therefore, this approach is essential for the development of advanced technologies for the recovery and separation of REEs (rare earth elements) from e-waste. Here, REEs are sometimes referred to as the “vitamins” of the modern industry. E-waste can contribute significantly to REE pollution since it is frequently handled hazardously and contains high amounts of REEs. Apart from the harmful effects on the environment, these wastes also destroy precious materials such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, palladium, and rare earth elements. Every year, 50 million tons of e-waste is generated worldwide. A large amount of e-waste goes to waste as only 20% of it is handled properly worldwide. The various approaches, including bioleaching, biosorption, siderophores, pyrometallurgical, and hydrometallurgical processes, have been reported in numerous studies on the recovery and separation of rare earth elements (REEs) from electronic waste. This review paper provides an overview of the introduction, characteristics, sources, and applications of clean and green energy technologies. The current pathways for REEs production and recovery point out significant deficiencies in methods currently in use and emphasise areas where multidisciplinary research may lead to more practical solutions. A summary also provides the impact of e-waste on health and the environment. The challenges, research gap, and future directions and suggestions are reported at the end of this review paper.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1775-1798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Geohazard Monitoring: Sentinel-1 InSAR Observations of Land Subsidence in Northern and Central Bangladesh","authors":"Gavin D. Middleton,&nbsp;Nahid D. Gani,&nbsp;M. Royhan Gani","doi":"10.1002/gj.5206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bangladesh in the Bengal Delta faces complex environmental issues, including sea-level rise, coastal flooding, high population density, and widespread poverty. These factors lead to severe land loss, saltwater intrusion, water scarcity, and biodiversity decline, further exacerbated by climate change. These challenges significantly risk groundwater availability and increase the likelihood of natural hazards such as subsidence, landslides, and flooding. This study quantitatively maps the spatial distribution of subsidence in urban and agricultural settings by utilising Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) and Persistent Scatter Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSI) techniques with ascending Sentinel-1 satellite data. We analysed 55 pairs of images with DInSAR and 142 pairs with PSI from March 2017 to October 2022, focusing on five target locations for DInSAR and urban Dhaka for PSI. Findings reveal consistent subsidence in urban Dhaka at an average rate of 16 mm/year, along with semi-seasonal subsidence variability in five agricultural locations. Specific rates are 7 mm/year in Dhaka, 8 mm/year in both Rajshahi and Mymensingh, and 9 mm/year in Rangpur. Sylhet subsides at a rate of 5 mm/year, potentially linked to the fold and thrust belt and the Dauki Fault. Our research highlights the significant environmental impacts of human activities like groundwater withdrawal and land-use changes, which contribute to subsidence and groundwater depletion via the Bengal Water Machine. While further study is required to comprehensively understand the relationship between LOS indicated subsidence rates, geological factors, and geomorphological changes, our findings offer crucial insights into the current impacts of climate change and ongoing environmental degradation in the region.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":"1106-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue “Climate Change and Geohazards”: An Introduction","authors":"Magdalena Radulescu,&nbsp;Uday Chatterjee,&nbsp;Asish Saha,&nbsp;Shouraseni Sen Roy,&nbsp;Sujoy Kumar Jana","doi":"10.1002/gj.5208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Almost all disasters are weather-related, including drought, wildfires, pollution and floods. They affect lives and represent a significant burden on societies, economies and the environment. Floods, tornadoes and devastating wildfires became common phenomenons in many countries during the last decade because of the climate change. These risks can be properly managed to increase eco-system resilience by using smart technologies for geohazard detection and prediction.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":"1025-1028"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration Methods for Potassium-Rich and Lithium-Rich Brine in the Mihai Mining Area, Qaidam Basin, Qinghai","authors":"Minglu Zhang,&nbsp;Zihao Cui,&nbsp;Yanjun Zhao,&nbsp;Nan Wang,&nbsp;Fojun Yao,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Shengzhong Hu","doi":"10.1002/gj.5215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5215","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The exploration and extraction of deep salt lake resources are of great significance for alleviating potassium and lithium resource shortages. However, large-scale industrial extraction has not been achieved due to technical challenges and cost constraints. This study focuses on the Mihai Mining District in Qaida Basin, Qinghai Province, investigating the exploration and development of deep confined brine enriched with potassium and lithium. The Mihai Mining Area boasts vast reserves of deep confined brine, however, they are not well-utilised because of their heterogeneity, low water yields, and extremely low mining efficiency. Previous studies have revealed that the high-yield wells in mining areas are located within fault zones. Therefore, based on the theoretical models of ‘brine circulation and potassium formation in fault zones’ and ‘storage of brine in steeply inclined water-collecting corridors’, an efficient exploration technique is proposed, which focuses on identifying active fault zones within areas with well-developed high-quality brine reservoirs as key target areas. This study employed radar remote sensing interpretation of pre- and post-seismic deformation intensity to infer fault zone development areas. Integrated with radon gas measurements, the results confirm the presence of a NE-striking active fault within the key target zone. Functioning as the sedimentary centre, this zone exhibits highly concentrated brine with co-enrichment of K⁺ and Li⁺ (both elements showing anomalously high concentrations), indicating high potential for K-Li-rich brine discovery. Guided by the exploration theory, verification drilling revealed brine with elevated K-Li concentrations (approximately double those in adjacent areas) and high-yield water flows in most boreholes, demonstrating significant exploration success. The distribution pattern of the discovered high-yield, water-rich areas and the exploration prediction method are of great significance for the development of deep brine in the Mihai Mining Area and have considerable potential for promotion in the Qaida Basin.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"1986-1997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}