Journal of Leather Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Insight into the sunlight-mediated photodegradation of active pharmaceuticals using ZnO-doped TiO2/Carbon nanocomposite derived from leather waste","authors":"Ravichandran Sushmitha,&nbsp;Palanisamy Thanikaivelan","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00270-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00270-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater is gaining importance due to health risks. In this study, carbon sourced from vegetable-tanned leather waste was utilized to develop an effective photocatalyst. ZnO incorporated TiO₂/carbon nanocomposites were synthesized via the sol–gel route by systematically changing the TiO₂:ZnO mass ratio. The nanocomposites exhibited a reduction in band gap energy values and particle size as ZnO content increased. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized materials was tested for degrading sulfasalazine (SUZ) and losartan potassium (LP) under visible light and sunlight conditions. The ZnO@TiO₂/carbon (with a 1:0.075 mass ratio of TiO₂:ZnO) nanocomposite with a band gap energy of 3.23 eV demonstrated maximum degradation efficiencies of 97% and 96% for SUZ and LP, respectively, under sunlight illumination within 120 min. The photocatalytic degradation of SUZ was studied using radical scavengers and EPR spin-trap experiments. The findings indicate that superoxide (O₂^⋅−), holes from valence band (h_vb⁺) and adsorbed hydroxyl radicals (^⋅OH_ads) are the primary reactive species involved in the degradation of SUZ. Catalyst reuse was demonstrated up to three cycles. The photocatalytic performance was further evaluated in a synthetic wastewater matrix containing representative inorganic ions and natural organic matter, where the CTZ5 nanocomposite maintained appreciable degradation efficiency. ESI/MS based mechanistic studies identified 4-nitro-<i>N</i>-(2-pyridinyl)benzenesulfonamide and sulfapyridine as key intermediates. These findings highlight the nanocomposite’s strong potential for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, thus contributing to environmental sustainability.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00270-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-hydrophilic chain extenders with amphiphilic character for waterborne polyurethane derived from castor oil/tea seed oil: separation, synthesis, and application","authors":"Can Li,&nbsp;Yuanhang Zhang,&nbsp;Wan Li,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Jun Xiang,&nbsp;Haojun Fan,&nbsp;Hongmei Jiang,&nbsp;Lijuan Sun,&nbsp;Jinsong Tang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00263-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00263-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unsaturated vegetable fatty acids, as a renewable resource, are abundantly present in vegetable oils, exhibiting significant potential for the synthesis of bio-polyols and bio-based polyurethanes (PUs). Herein, castor oil (CO) and tea seed oil (TSO) were selected as feedstocks to fabricate bio-based hydrophilic chain extenders (HCEs) for water-based polyurethane (WPU). Firstly, the raw oils were treated through a three-step process involving saponification, acidification and urea inclusion purification, yielding unsaturated ricinoleic acid (RA) and oleic acid (OA) with high purities of 93.99% and 92.72%, respectively. Subsequently, an efficient thiol-ene click reaction was carried out to prepare amphiphilic ricinoleic acid-based chain extender (RACE) and amphiphilic oleic acid-based chain extender (OACE) under ambient conditions (1 h, room temperature) with relatively lower molecular weight (<i>M</i>_w) and accurate functionality (<i>f</i>_− OH<i>= 2</i>). The activation energies for the reactions of RACE/OACE and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were evaluated via non-isothermal DSC kinetic analysis (Kissinger method and Ozawa method), and the apparent activation energy (<i>Ea</i> from Kissinger/<i>Eo</i> from Ozawa) values were found to be 76.66/78.88 kJ·mol⁻¹ for RACE and 74.58/76.91 kJ·mol⁻¹ for OACE, respectively, which were slightly higher than that of DMPA (Ea/Eo = 73.01/75.32 kJ·mol⁻¹). Application of these bio-HCEs for preparing WPU revealed that the particle size and absolute zeta potential of emulsion with more than 0.0248 mol bio-HCEs were equivalent to those of the emulsion with 0.0192 mol DMPA, and the resultant WPU films showed enhanced broken elongation, increased water contact angles, and reduced water absorption ratio. Collectively, the significance of this work resides in providing a feasible and potentially universal strategy for fabricating bio-HCEs from natural unsaturated oils and offering a sustainable alternative for the advancement of WPU.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00263-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionic liquids promote extraction of collagen from skins/leather and application of collagen-based materials","authors":"Kai Wang,&nbsp;Xin Luo,&nbsp;Weidong Zhao,&nbsp;Yan Bao,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Pang,&nbsp;Jian Sun","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00259-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00259-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Collagen is the key structural component of skins and leather. Currently, the commonly used methods for collagen extraction are acid treatment, alkaline treatment, or enzymatic hydrolysis. However, these approaches often compromise the native molecular structure and generate significant environmental burdens. As one of the green, and highly efficient extraction strategies, ionic liquids (ILs) technology has emerged as a promising direction. This work first outlines the advantages of the ILs extraction method over other extraction techniques. The IL extraction method can enhance collagen yield, and its extraction process is more environmentally friendly and economical. Subsequently, it reviews recent advances in collagen extraction from skins and leather using ILs, emphasizing their role in enhancing collagen yield. The work summarizes the mechanism whereby ILs disrupt hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds stabilizing collagen molecular structures, thereby forming reversible new interactions to facilitate extraction. It was found that ILs have significant advantages in the application of collagen-based materials. In addition to improving the extraction efficiency of collagen, ILs can also promote the functionalization modification of collagen. It can not only regulate the microstructure and mechanical properties of collagen, but also give collagen antibacterial, conductive and other functions. Meanwhile, due to the low volatility, low toxicity and recyclability of ILs, the cost and environmental risks are greatly reduced. Particular attention is given to practical applications in drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, flexible sensors, and leather industry, underlining the broad technological relevance of this approach. Finally, we identify current limitations and outline future research directions. By consolidating the latest findings, this review aims to accelerate broader adoption of IL technologies, fostering greener, more sustainable trajectories for collagen.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00259-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal collagen as a source of antihypertensive bioactive peptides: production technologies, structural characteristics, and molecular mechanisms","authors":"Phanthipha Laosam,&nbsp;Rayudika Aprilia Patindra Purba,&nbsp;Sasikan Katemala,&nbsp;Saranya Suwanangul,&nbsp;Chakkapat Aenglong,&nbsp;Nattapol Pongsamai,&nbsp;Yong Yue,&nbsp;Jukkrapong Pinyo,&nbsp;Papungkorn Sangsawad","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00265-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00265-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypertension affects approximately 1.4 billion adults globally, yet nearly 80% of hypertensive individuals remain inadequately controlled, underscoring the urgent need for safe, food-based interventions. Collagen-derived bioactive peptides from animal sources represent promising functional food ingredients for blood pressure management through controlled enzymatic hydrolysis. This review integrates evidence from source characteristics through clinical validation. A critical synthesis of 47 characterized peptides across bovine, porcine, poultry, and marine sources suggests that enzymatic processing parameters, rather than source origin per se, are key determinants of peptide bioactivity, with hydrolysis conditions critically influencing peptide size distribution, sequence diversity, and ACE inhibitory potency. Multiple complementary mechanisms extending beyond angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition—including antioxidant activity, endothelial function restoration, and renin-angiotensin system modulation—operate synergistically, contributing to blood pressure reduction. Clinical evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses confirms significant antihypertensive efficacy in humans with favourable safety profiles. Quality standardization encompassing structure-activity characterization and functional biomarkers remains a key bottleneck for functional food applications. This review bridges agricultural animal production and food science by establishing a comprehensive framework linking collagen source selection, processing technology, peptide structure, and clinical outcomes—providing actionable guidance for developing evidence-based antihypertensive functional foods.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00265-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroactive biodegradable microneedles for minimally invasive real-time, in-situ plant physiological monitoring and industrial NH3 sensing","authors":"Huie Jiang,&nbsp;Tianqi Zhao,&nbsp;Lijuan Chen,&nbsp;Peng Guo,&nbsp;Lanxue Zou,&nbsp;Lin Yang,&nbsp;Xinhua Liu","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00254-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00254-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-time, in situ monitoring of plant physiological parameters and industrial toxic gas emissions is vital for advancing precision agriculture and ensuring environmental safety. Herein, we developed an electroactive biodegradable microneedle (PPG-MN) sensor enabling minimally invasive monitoring of interstitial glucose, ambient temperature, humidity, and environmental ammonia (NH₃) gas leakage. The sensor matrix was fabricated using a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) network interpenetrated with conductive polyaniline (PANI) and doped with phytic acid (PA), while glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized for specificity. The resulting microneedle array exhibited sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the plant epidermis, establishing a stable electrode–tissue interface via hydrogel swelling. The sensor demonstrated excellent environmental friendliness, featuring a pathogen inhibition rate exceeding 97% and complete soil biodegradation within 35 days. By integrating enzymatic sensing with a temperature and humidity compensation mechanism (effective across 25–50 °C and 25%–50% relative humidity (RH)), the PPG-MN achieved a rapid response time (&lt; 30 s) and a wide linear detection range (1–100 mM). Furthermore, continuous in situ monitoring of <i>Epipremnum aureum</i> leaves over 14 h successfully tracked dynamic glucose fluctuations driven by photosynthesis and respiration. Additionally, leveraging the reversible doping/de-doping mechanism of the PA-doped PANI network, the hydrogel base acts as a highly sensitive chemiresistive gas sensor. The PPG-MN exhibited a strong linear response (R^² = 0.986) to NH₃ across a broad concentration range of 10 to 500 ppm, effectively encompassing the typical toxic emission levels encountered during leather deliming processes. These results indicate that the PPG-MN sensor is a promising, eco-friendly tool for both agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) systems and hazardous gas pre-warning in industries like leather processing.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00254-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A synergistic nanotherapy for skin photoaging via self-assembly of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and recombinant human collagen","authors":"Huan Xia,&nbsp;Rufei Huang,&nbsp;Qihong Wu,&nbsp;Xun Tang,&nbsp;Tao Meng,&nbsp;Yufei Fan,&nbsp;Ziyi Li,&nbsp;Jinping Zhang,&nbsp;Yadong Huang,&nbsp;Yan Yang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00264-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00264-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>UV-induced skin photoaging is a complex pathology driven by oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) depletion. Although recombinant human collagen (RHC) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) address these mechanisms, their synergy is limited by RHC’ s poor permeability and EGCG’ s instability. Here, we present a supramolecular co-assembly strategy to overcome these barriers. Validated by molecular dynamics simulations, we utilized the intrinsic proline-rich domains of RHC as anchors for EGCG to construct uniform nanospheres (&lt; 100 nm). This architecture sterically shields EGCG, significantly enhancing stability and reducing cytotoxicity. Biologically, the nanospheres restored mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization. In a photoaging mouse model, the nanospheres outperformed monotherapies, effectively reversing epidermal hyperplasia and restoring the Type I/III collagen ratio. This study resolves the delivery-stability paradox of protein–polyphenol therapeutics, offering a potent strategy for regenerating photodamaged skin.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00264-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-infrared light-activated collagen-based hydrogel with oriented microchannel structure promoting fibroblast infiltration and inflammatory resolution‌","authors":"Hui Chen,&nbsp;Yongbin Xu,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Zhilang Xu,&nbsp;Jimin Guo,&nbsp;Changdao Mu,&nbsp;Defu Li,&nbsp;Liming Ge","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00258-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00258-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tissue repair is challenged by inefficient cellular infiltration and prolonged inflammation. Herein, the mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles were loaded with spermidine and then encapsulated in agarose, which were incorporated into the oxidized hyaluronic acid crosslinked collagen matrix to fabricate NIR-activated hydrogel (DOCH@P) by the directional freeze-thaw process. DOCH@P hydrogel had obvious oriented microchannel structure due to the extrusion of directional ice crystals and the chemical crosslinking during the directional freeze-thaw process, besides enhanced mechanical properties, viscoelasticity and favorable tissue adhesive strength. DOCH@P hydrogel with photothermal performance promoted the melting of the agarose in the shell of nanoparticles under NIR-activation, thus achieving NIR-responsive spermidine release behavior. NIR-activated DOCH@P hydrogel exhibited significantly robust broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and antioxidative activity. Significantly, DOCH@P hydrogel demonstrated superior capabilities in inducing directional migration and infiltration of fibroblasts through the synergistic integration of the oriented microchannels physical contact guidance and spermidine bioactivity. Based on the multi-layered spermidine-mediated immunoregulation, NIR-activated DOCH@P hydrogel ultimately drove macrophages towards anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype to alleviate excessive inflammation and remold immune homeostasis. Overall, the NIR-activated collagen-based hydrogel with oriented microchannel structure provides a promising scaffold foundation for guiding tissue regeneration through physical contact-guided cellular infiltration and anti-inflammation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00258-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient and eco-friendly method of gelatin production from bovine hide by acid-thermal treatment and protease-aided process: one-pot biocatalysis approaches","authors":"Buqing Ye,&nbsp;Ziyu Wei,&nbsp;Chunxiao Zhang,&nbsp;Biyu Peng,&nbsp;Lili Yan","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00252-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00252-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To simultaneously achieve high yield and high gel strength in gelatin derived from bovine hide, an enzymatic preparation process was investigated in this study. This process was developed based on the assessment and optimization of the hydrolytic performance of selected proteases on acid-thermal denatured hide collagen. Subsequently, a one-pot technology for gelatin preparation was developed by optimizing the hydrolysis conditions of the selected acid protease, which integrates the conventional process of acid washing, deacidification, gelatin extraction and desalting into a single operation. The results indicated that the appropriate selection of acid proteases could improve both the gelatin yield and its gel strength. Under the optimal conditions of 40 °C, pH 4.0, acidic protease dosage of 350 U/g, and constant-temperature stirring for 6 h, the gelatin yield increased to 92.7%, the gel strength reached 210.0 Bloom g, and the other physicochemical properties of the resulting products fulfilled the requirements of industrial gelatin (QB/T 1995–2024). Moreover, the total water consumption, wastewater discharge, acid usage, and energy consumption decreased by approximately 78.9%, 100.0%, 90.0%, and 28.6%, respectively, and the energy consumption during the gelatin drying process achieved a 63.5% reduction. This study provides technical support for efficient utilization and green development of animal hides/skins resources.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00252-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant humanized collagen type Ⅲ-modified rapamycin liposomes for promoting osteoarthritis repair","authors":"Chenxin Liu,&nbsp;Wenling Dai,&nbsp;Xingchen Zhao,&nbsp;Sirui Mao,&nbsp;Likun Guo,&nbsp;Yujiang Fan,&nbsp;Xingdong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00257-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00257-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent chronic degenerative joint disorder, affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide and has become a leading cause of joint pain and functional impairment in middle-aged and elderly populations. It not only severely compromises patients’ quality of life but also imposes a significant socioeconomic burden on public health systems. Targeting key pathological processes in OA, such as inflammatory responses, chondrocyte apoptosis, and dysregulated autophagy, an injectable liposomal system named RAPA@Lipo/rhCol Ⅲ were developed in this study. This system consisted of rapamycin-loaded liposomes surface-modified with recombinant human collagen type Ⅲ (rhCol Ⅲ). It enabled sustained release of rapamycin to precisely inhibit the mTOR pathway, thereby exerting synergistic biological effects including anti-inflammation, inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis, and promotion of autophagy. Moreover, the surface collagen modification enhanced the system’s biocompatibility and provided essential matrix microenvironment cues and bioactive signals for cartilage repair. Experimental results demonstrated that RAPA@Lipo/rhCol Ⅲ effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species in chondrocytes, promoted cell proliferation and cartilage matrix synthesis, and modulated the expression of autophagy- and inflammation-related genes, thereby synergistically achieving structural and functional restoration of OA cartilage across multiple dimensions. The integrated “disease modulation-tissue repair” strategy proposed in this study offerd a novel approach and experimental evidence for targeted therapy and functional regeneration in osteoarthritis.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00257-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immobilizing lignin-based carbonized polymer dots onto layered double hydroxides for high-performance supercapacitors with recyclable Fenton-like reactivity","authors":"Pengfei Zhou,&nbsp;Jun Guo,&nbsp;Shiman Chen,&nbsp;Shenao Yuan,&nbsp;Yuanchen Zhu,&nbsp;Xiao Xiao,&nbsp;Jikun Xu","doi":"10.1186/s42825-026-00256-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-026-00256-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) from natural aromatic-like lignin biopolymer have ignited the renaissance of sustainable nanoscale biomass valorization but are hindered by structural instability and functionality barriers. Herein, we report an interfacial heterostructure engineering that immobilizes lignin-based dual-emissive CPDs onto Fe, Co layered double hydroxides (LDHs), with the function of a recyclable electrode. The CPDs deliver a stable metal-ion binding behavior <i>via</i> rapid light-quenching with a low limit-of-detection, which are fixed into FeCo-LDH to improve the electrical conductivity, available reactive site, structural stability, and charge storage. The reconstructed FeCo-LDH@CPDs electrode outputs an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 1842.0 F g^− 1 at 1 A g^− 1. When assembled into a symmetrical supercapacitor (SSCs), it also achieves a superior energy density of 33.79 Wh kg^− 1 at 375 W kg^− 1, excellent rate performance and long-term cycling lifespan (100% retention after 10,000 cycles even at 20 A g^− 1). To validate a closed-loop upcycling of end-of-life electrode, we demonstrate that the recycled FeCo-LDH@CPDs offer a robust Fenton-like catalytic reactivity to fulfill a rapid, reversible and ionic anti-interfering antibiotics elimination. We confirm the participation of singlet oxygen ¹O₂-dominated reactive oxygen species and persistent electron shuttling in tetracycline oxidation. Towards achieving renewable resource technologies, our work sheds an insight on designing high-performance CPDs-hybrid electrode from biomass, ranging from lignin to collagen and/or leather, with the reusable catalytic capabilities to exert a bifunctional energy-water footprint.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42825-026-00256-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148628498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}