{"title":"Oral collagen-based supplement as a bioactive component in functional foods","authors":"Yue Wu, Siqi Deng, Wenqi Wei, Yuanmeng He, Yunxiang He, Gonghua Hong, Yanbin Zheng, Linli Han, Yifei Li, Yimin Hua, Junling Guo","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00198-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00198-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Collagen, an abundant extracellular matrix protein in food-producing animals, is widely integrated into food systems for its unique physicochemical properties. Oral collagen-based supplements have received increasing attention for their potential to enhance overall well-being. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the application of oral collagen supplements in food systems, promoting their broader use in food processing, preservation, and the development of functional foods. Specifically, the applications of oral collagen-based supplements in functional foods, focusing on their biological activities, health benefits, and functional properties are summarized. Importantly, their molecular mechanisms of biological activities are critically discussed, including antioxidant, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory activities. The health benefits of oral collagen-based supplements, particularly in improving skin, immune, and gastrointestinal health are also explored. Additionally, various functional properties of collagen-based supplements are evaluated, including their stability, bioavailability, taste masking, and sensory attributes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00198-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenpeng Cai, Yujia Xiang, Boyi Cong, Yang Liu, Shuai Yang, Ningruo Wang, Heng Zhang, Yuzhong Wang, Bo Lai
{"title":"Organophosphorus pollutant degradation in wastewater using the microscale zero-valent iron/O3 process: optimization, performance, and mechanism","authors":"Zhenpeng Cai, Yujia Xiang, Boyi Cong, Yang Liu, Shuai Yang, Ningruo Wang, Heng Zhang, Yuzhong Wang, Bo Lai","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00195-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00195-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS) is commonly used as a preservative and fungicide in leather production that leads to its presence in tannery wastewater. As a typical organic phosphorus pollutant, THPS poses potential threats to both the ecological environment and human health. Herein, this investigation used the microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI)/O<sub>3</sub> process to eliminate THPS from aquatic environments. The mZVI/O<sub>3</sub> system demonstrated superior removal performance, achieving high removal efficiencies of total phosphorus (TP), organic phosphorus (OP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) compared to traditional systems (i.e., mZVI alone, O<sub>3</sub> alone, Fe<sup>2+</sup>/O<sub>3</sub>, and Fe<sup>3+</sup>/O<sub>3</sub>). Moreover, batch experiments were conducted to optimize the key operational parameters (such as initial pH, mZVI dosage, O<sub>3</sub> concentration, and stirring rate). The TP, OP, and COD removal efficiencies in the mZVI/O<sub>3</sub> system reached 97.10%, 97.31%, and 81.56% within 20 min, respectively, under optimized conditions. Based on the experimental results and characterization analysis, the THPS degradation mechanism by the mZVI/O<sub>3</sub> system was primarily a combination of oxidation (60.37% ± 7.41%) and flocculation (39.63% ± 7.41%). Furthermore, the mZVI/O<sub>3</sub> system demonstrated unprecedented removal performance in various actual wastewater samples. The system eliminated organic pollutants and improved biodegradability of actual wastewater. This study not only establishes the mZVI/O<sub>3</sub> process as a robust, cost-effective, and environmentally sound approach for OP degradation but also offers substantial promise for practical wastewater treatment applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00195-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enzyme–and GSH–responsive gelatin coated magnetic multi-shell hollow mesoporous organosilicon nanoparticles for avermectin controlled release","authors":"Jiazhen Gao, Pengyu Luo, Siqiang Shen, Ying Liu, Xiaoyun Li, Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00191-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00191-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To enhance the utilization of pesticides and reduce environmental risks, we constructed the magnetic recyclable and dual stimulus-responsive microspheres to achieve on-demand pesticide release. Magnetic multi-shell hollow mesoporous organosilicon nanoparticles (mMSN) were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method and loaded with pesticide avermectin (A@mMSN), afterward A@mMSN was coated with gelatin through emulsification and chemical cross-linking to prepare A@mMSN@G microspheres (21.5 ± 9.7 μm). After being absorbed by the pests, the gelatin layer was hydrolyzed with the neutral protease, and the disulfide bonds within mMSN framework were decomposed by glutathione (GSH), endowing A@mMSN@G microspheres with enzyme and GSH responsiveness to achieve sustained avermectin release till 7 days (about 3.5 times that of the commercial avermectin emulsion). Importantly, the A@mMSN@G microspheres containing Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles could be easily magnetically collected from soil with a recovery ratio of 63.7%, to reduce the environmental risks. With excellent biosafety, A@mMSN@G microspheres showed outstanding pest control effects till two weeks and the growth of cabbage was not affected by it. Therefore, based on the recyclability and dual stimulus-responsive controllable release, the fabricated A@mMSN@G microspheres have broad application potential in pesticide delivery.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00191-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengfei Qiao, Jie Liu, Liqiang Jin, Feifei Zhang, Zhonghe Feng, Yulu Wang
{"title":"Ecofriendly and sustainable metal-free leather tanning using novel poly(carbamoyl sulfonate) technology","authors":"Pengfei Qiao, Jie Liu, Liqiang Jin, Feifei Zhang, Zhonghe Feng, Yulu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00190-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00190-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite its potential as a metal-free tanning agent capable of eliminating Cr pollution in the leather industry, the conventional preparation of poly(carbamoyl sulfonate) faces challenges, such as the extensive use of low-boiling organic solvents and low blocking ratios of –NCO groups. Herein, a liquid sulfonate chain extender, 2,3-dihydroxypropanesulfonic acid triethylamine salt (DHPSTEA), was initially synthesized. A series of poly(carbamoyl sulfonate) tanning agents (CTAS) were then synthesized using DHPSTEA and various diisocyanates as reaction monomers, with sodium bisulfite serving as the blocking agent and without utilizing organic solvents. CTAS demonstrated a blocking ratio of > 99% and satisfactory stability under acidic conditions at room temperature. Application experiments revealed that CTAS exhibited excellent tanning performance, with the parent diisocyanate monomer markedly influencing their tanning properties. CTAS synthesized with dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate resulted in optimal product performance, yielding a shrinkage temperature of 83.2 °C at a 6% dosage. CTAS-tanned leather displayed excellent collagen fiber dispersion, yellowing resistance and mechanical properties. Additionally, CTAS is easy to biodegrade (BOD<sub>5</sub>/COD > 0.45). Thus, this novel metal-free tanning agent holds a great potential as a sustainable alternative to traditional chrome tanning agent.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00190-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel approach for analyzing the migration behavior of fatliquors within leather","authors":"Ruibin Li, Chen Yang, Yuanqing Liu, Yue Yu","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00189-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00189-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fatliquor migration within the leather matrix may lead to the formation of fatty spew, oil patches and fogging, posing challenges to the production of high-quality leather. Currently, it lacks a straightforward and effective method for analyzing fatliquor migration behavior. This investigation introduces a novel approach for analyzing fatliquor migration by measuring its spreading area on collagen fiber membranes. By applying 300 mg of fatliquor onto 0.5 mm square membranes (10 cm × 10 cm), distinct oil spots were observed, enabling analysis of migration behavior. Using stearic acid as a standard reference compound effectively minimized the influence of different leather sections on fatliquor migration. Fatliquors with low molecular weight, low melting point and high aliphatic ester content exhibited obvious migration potential. Organic-tanned leathers and sulfated fatliquors displayed weak interactions, resulting in easy fatliquor migration within the leather. Conversely, metal-tanned leathers and phosphorylated fatliquors demonstrated strong interactions, effectively hindering migration. This research provides valuable practical and theoretical insights for developing effective strategies to prevent and control fatliquor migration in leather production.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00189-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Liu, Can Cheng, Jiaqi Xing, Zhaoxi Deng, Xu Peng
{"title":"Recent advances and practical challenges in the research of decellularized matrices for the fabrication of tiny-diameter artificial arteries","authors":"Yan Liu, Can Cheng, Jiaqi Xing, Zhaoxi Deng, Xu Peng","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00192-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00192-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite advances in synthetic vascular grafts, replicating the dynamic biological functions of native microvasculature remains a critical challenge in cardiovascular tissue engineering. While polymer-based conduits offer scalability and dimensional versatility, the inherent bioinert nature leads to high failure rates in < 6 mm diameter applications due to thrombotic complications and mechanical mismatch with host tissue. Decellularized matrices (dECM) scaffolds emerge as a biologically strategic alternative, preserving crucial vascular basement membrane components and biomechanical cues through collagen/elastin retention. The present review systematically elaborates the research advancements, critical determinants, and practical challenges in utilizing dECM for tiny-diameter artificial vessels (inner diameter < 3 mm), while proposing three forward-looking solutions to address clinical translation barriers: (1) matrix optimization strategies through diameter-specific compliance matching and elastin reconstitution; (2) sterilization and preservation protocols preserving structural integrity with controlled immunogenicity; (3) immunomodulatory engineering via macrophage polarization regulation. The proposed methodologies establish innovative avenues for the engineering and clinical transplantation of tiny-diameter artificial vessels.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00192-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haofei Xu, Yang Liu, Longxue Qiu, Antonio Lorenzo Masa Mbomio Mangue, Juntao Zhang, Benmei Wei, Lian Zhu, Chengzhi Xu, Evgeny A. Shirshin, Haibo Wang
{"title":"Preparation and application of collagen-based hemostatic materials: a review","authors":"Haofei Xu, Yang Liu, Longxue Qiu, Antonio Lorenzo Masa Mbomio Mangue, Juntao Zhang, Benmei Wei, Lian Zhu, Chengzhi Xu, Evgeny A. Shirshin, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00193-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00193-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traumatic wounds are the prevalent scenarios encountered in battleground and emergency rooms. The rapid and effective hemostasis is imperative for life saving in these scenarios, for which the development of high-efficiency and biocompatible hemostatic materials is essential. Due to its excellent hemostatic property and biocompatibility, collagen has emerged as an ideal component of hemostatic materials. Furthermore, the properties of collagen-based hemostatic materials could be improved by the integration of other biomacromolecules, such as alginate, cellulose derivatives, and chitosan derivatives. Therefore, more and more novel hemostatic materials with exceptional hemostatic properties have been developed. This review aims to overview recent progress of collagen-based hemostatic materials. Firstly, the hemostatic mechanism of collagen was introduced. Secondly, various forms of collagen-based hemostatic materials, such as hydrogels, sponges, and powders, were highlighted. Thirdly, composite hemostatic materials of collagen and other biomacromolecules were overviewed. Finally, the outlook of collagen-based hemostatic materials was discussed.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00193-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simple method for identifying the elementary units governing the mechanical properties in leather materials","authors":"Wenjun Long, Liangqiong Peng, Jiheng Li, Yue Yu, Wenhua Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-024-00184-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-024-00184-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the mechanical properties of leather is crucial for expanding its range of application, but the influence of collagen fibril bundles (FBs) remains unclear. In this study, 12 kinds of bovine leather were prepared with varying FB sizes using Cr(III), Zr(IV) and aldehyde as the crosslinking agents along with different fillers such as rapeseed oil phosphate, polyacrylic acid and their combination. The experimental results revealed that the tear strength of leather was affected by the crosslinking agents, which could be further adjusted by the filler. Accordingly, a simple method using mercury intrusion porosimetry has been proposed for determining the FB size based on the crack-bridging model. Specifically, the tear strength of leather showed a strong correlation with the FB radius where the strength increased with the decrease in FB radius. This indicated that FBs served as the elementary units contributing to loading strength. These findings may facilitate the development of cleaner technologies for fabricating high-performance leather through the regulation of FB size.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-024-00184-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of a dual-function peptide for the detection and haematopoietic potency assessment of type I collagen hydrolysates","authors":"Guiya Deng, Jiajun Wang, Cuicui Men, Keyi Cao, Chengming Li, Liang Zheng, Haibin Liu, Shangwei Guo, Yaqin Huang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-024-00188-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-024-00188-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Type I collagen hydrolysate with haematopoietic activity has shown tremendous potential for application in the functional food fields. The identification of peptide with haematopoietic activity to ensure the efficiency of functional foods remains challenging because of the vast combinatorial potential of short peptides from collagen hydrolysates. In the present study, we identified a novel marker peptide (the I-1 peptide, GAAGLpGPK, p: hydroxyproline) for type I collagen with haematopoietic capabilities via theoretical sequence analysis and computational prediction of activity. The I-1 peptide was shown to increase the survival rate of haematopoietic stem cells following injury induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), increasing the survival rate from 65.40 to 105.28%, thereby exhibiting significant haematopoietic activity. More importantly, the mechanism underlying the haematopoietic activity of the I-1 peptide was analogous to activate the JAK/STAT signalling pathway mediated by granulocyte‒macrophage colony‒stimulating factor. On this basis, a high-precision method for the detection of type I collagen hydrolysates was developed using the I-1 peptide (relative standard deviation = 1.57%). This study not only provides novel perspectives for the exploration of haematopoietic peptides but also offers a new methodology for controlling the bioactivity of collagen-based food products.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-024-00188-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}