工业工程最新文献

{"title":"[Distribution and Driving Factors of Contribution Rate and Stock of Global Microbial Necromass Carbon].","authors":"Yan Yang, Yuan Zhao, Han Hu, Yu-Ting Liang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial necromass carbon （MNC） is an important component of soil organic carbon （SOC） and plays a crucial role in the formation of stable SOC and the carbon cycle. However， due to the lack of global-scale observation data， the global distributions of the contribution rate of MNC to SOC and MNC stock remain unclear. Based on the combination of Meta-analysis and machine learning technology， the global spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of the MNC contribution rate to SOC and MNC stock were evaluated， and the differences among six ecosystems and two soil layers were identified. The results showed that the contribution rate of MNC to SOC and its stock is higher in the deep layer （1-3 m） than in the shallow layer （0-1 m）. On average， the contribution rate of MNC in the shallow layer is 47%， and the rate in the deep layer is 60%. The average MNC stock in the shallow layer is 4.6 kg·m^-2， and that in the deep layer is 5.2 kg·m^-2. The total MNC stocks in the shallow layer and deep layer are 792 Pg and 895 Pg， respectively. The MNC stock is higher in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere because of the difference in land area. In addition， SOC and pH are the key drivers of the contribution rate of MNC， TN is the key driver of MNC stock， and MNC concentration has a direct and significant impact on both the contribution rate of MNC and its stock. The contribution rate of MNC to SOC and MNC stock show spatial heterogeneity in different ecosystems and different soil layers at the global scale， and their driving factors also differ. This study provides a theoretical basis for studying the SOC cycle and mitigating climate warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6522-6530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Structure and Stability of Soil Organic Carbon Pools Along Depth in Forests and Grasslands in the Luya Mountains].","authors":"Wen-Zhuo Wu, Qian-Ru Ren, Shi-Qi Zhang, Kun-Jiao Wang, Jin-Xian Liu, Yu-Qi Wei, Bao-Feng Chai","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic carbon is the most important active component of the soil carbon pool and has an important influence on atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Soluble organic carbon （DOC）， labile organic carbon （LOC）， and recalcitrant organic carbon （ROC） are the main chemical components of the soil organic carbon （SOC） pool， which determine the stability of the carbon pool. Deep SOC accounts for more than half of the total soil organic carbon， but understanding of its structure and stability remains insufficient. In this study， we investigated the structure and stability of the organic carbon pools and their influencing factors in the 0-10， 10-20， 20-40， and 40-80 cm soil layers of typical subalpine forests and grasslands on Luya Mountain. The study produced several important results： ① <i>ω</i>（SOC） of forest and grassland showed a gradual decrease along the depth of the soil layer， within the ranges of 12.54-41.71 g·kg^-1 and 26.04-52.77 g·kg^-1， respectively. The SOC content of the 0-10 cm layer was the highest， and the SOC content of the 40-80 cm layer was significantly lower than that of the 0-40 cm layer. ② There were some differences in the components and stability of the organic carbon pools in forest and grassland soils. The SOC， LOC， and ROC contents in each soil layer of grassland soils were larger than those of forest， while the DOC content in each soil layer of forest soils was larger than that of grassland. ③ There was a highly significant positive correlation between the contents of SOC and ROC （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01）， and the remaining components of the organic carbon pools were also correlated with each other. Random forest analyses showed that soil physicochemical properties， microbial biomass， and enzyme activities together explained 78.24% and 80.99% of the variation in SOC in forest and grassland soils， respectively， and that total nitrogen， pH， S-ACP， S-NAG， and MBC were significant influencing factors. ④ The stability of SOC in the surface layer of forest and grassland was greater than that in the deep layer， and the ROC content decreased gradually faster with depth of the soil layer. In conclusion， the structure and stability of the deep organic carbon pools in subalpine forest and grassland soils were differentiated， with obvious epimerization characteristics， and biological factors played an important role in maintaining the structure and stability of the soil carbon pools. This study provides data support for the development of differentiated management measures for soil carbon pools in temperate subalpine forests and grasslands.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6567-6575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Measurement of Economic Effects of Driving Factors of Carbon Emission in the Yangtze River Delta Region].","authors":"Jian-Min Wang, Li-Xiang Wang, Fei Peng, Pei-Xue Xing","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measuring the economic effects of the drivers of carbon emissions is an important element in achieving economic development goals and the \"dual carbon\" goals， and improving the measurement methods has significant research significance. This study selected three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta Region as the research object. Firstly， the LMDI method was used to assess the net impact of various driving factors on carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2004 to 2023. Then， the static CGE model was used to construct the macroeconomic system of the Yangtze River Delta， and the LMDI research results were taken into the CGE model. Finally， the economic effects of the carbon intensity factor， population size factor， and energy saving potential factor were calculated according to the actual changes of relevant carbon emission driving factors in the Yangtze River Delta Region. The results of the study follow： ① The energy saving potential factor has the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta Region， inhibiting the increase in carbon emissions in Jiangsu， Zhejiang， Shanghai， and Anhui by approximately 156 million t， 89 million t， 24 million t， and 115 million t from 2004 to 2023， respectively. ② There are significant differences in the levels and directions of the impact of carbon emission drivers on different economic development indicators and sector outputs. ③ The impact of the carbon intensity factor on the economic development and sector outputs in the Yangtze River Delta Region from 2017 is more pronounced than that of the population size factor and energy saving potential factor. The changes in sector outputs caused by the carbon intensity factor account for more than 60% of the effect of the three carbon emission drivers. The results of this study are of great significance for an effective response to global climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6162-6172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Combined Application of Chemical Fertilizer and Organic Materials on Organic Carbon Mineralization in Latosol and Associated Driving Factors].","authors":"Jun-Jiao Wang, Xiao-Min Huang, Chang-Hua Fan, Miao Chen, Xin Chen, Jing-Ying Xu, Hao-Yang Li, Qing Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of soil organic carbon （SOC） mineralization of latosol subjected to continuous application of chemical fertilizers in combination with various organic materials. Soils were sampled from a typical pepper-corn rotation system in Hainan Province， where five treatments were established five years ago： a control （CK）， chemical fertilizer alone （NPK）， chemical fertilizer combined with corn straw （NPK+S）， chemical fertilizer combined with biochar （NPK+B）， and chemical fertilizer combined with sheep manure （NPK+M）. Then， a controlled indoor mineralization experiment was conducted. The driving factors of SOC mineralization were analyzed by measuring carbon conversion-related enzyme activities and the ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance method. The results revealed that the combined application of organic materials significantly increased the contents of SOC， dissolved organic carbon （DOC）， and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） by 3.32%-75.08%， 219.32%-477.30%， and 5.12%-52.78% compared to the NPK treatment， respectively. Among these treatments， NPK+B had the greatest impact on enhancing SOC content， while NPK+M significantly increased MBC and DOC levels. Furthermore， NPK combined with organic materials significantly enhanced cumulative SOC mineralization by 86.83%-280.94%， following the order NPK+M&gt;NPK+S&gt;NPK+B. Compared with the NPK treatment， NPK+B treatment significantly increased the ratio of hydrophobic carbon to hydrophilic carbon and aromaticity by 48.31% and 105.89%， respectively. The NPK+M treatment significantly increased soil <i>β</i>-glucosidase （BG）， cellulase （CL）， and sucrase （SC） activities （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）， whereas NPK+S notably enhanced CL and SC enzyme activities （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. By contrast， the NPK+B treatment exhibited relatively lower BG， POD， and SC enzyme activities. The structure equation model showed that soil active carbon components and carbon conversion-related enzyme activity directly regulated SOC mineralization. Both redundancy analysis and correlation analysis further revealed that cumulative SOC mineralization was strongly positively correlated with the contents of MBC and DOC and the activities of BG and SC. Consequently， the combination of chemical fertilizer with biochar appears to be the most effective approach for increasing the SOC content of latosol by enhancing recalcitrant carbon components and reducing carbon-converting enzyme activities， thereby resulting in relative lower organic carbon mineralization. The results of this study provide valuable scientific insights for optimizing fertilization strategies and enhancing carbon sequestration potential in tropical farmlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6539-6548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Evolution and Multi-scenario Prediction of Carbon Storage in Dongting Lake Basin Based on PLUS-InVEST Model].","authors":"Ya-di Hou, Dong-Xin Wen, Zhong-Cheng Wang, Xun Zhang, Yong-Cai Lou","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202410174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202410174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spatiotemporal evolution of carbon stocks and future trends in the Dongting Lake Basin， one of the important freshwater lake basins in China， are of great significance to studying global climate change. Based on the land use data of the Dongting Lake Basin from 2000 to 2020， this study simulated the characteristics of the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon stock in the basin using the PLUS-InVEST model under the three scenarios of natural development， cropland development， and ecological protection from 2030 to 2060. The study obtained the following results： ① From 2000 to 2020， the carbon stock in the Dongting Lake Basin showed an upward and then downward trend， with a total decrease of 0.31×10⁸ t in the 20 years， and a spatial pattern of \"high in the northeast， low in the south， high in the northwest， and high in the east.\" ② From 2030 to 2060， the carbon stock in the Dongting Lake Basin decreases year by year under the natural development scenario and the cropland development scenario， but it increases each year under the ecological protection scenario. The 2060 carbon stock under the different scenarios shows a decreasing trend compared with the stock of 2020， decreasing by 0.842×10⁸ t under the natural development scenario， 0.964×10⁸ t under the cropland development scenario， and 0.004×10⁸ t under the ecological protection scenario. The decreasing trend is obviously weakened under the latter scenario. ③ The spatial differentiation of carbon stocks in the Dongting Lake Basin is affected by a variety of factors. DEM and slope are the main factors， with slope having the strongest explanatory power and the highest explanatory power in interaction with other factors. The results of this study will have a positive effect by guiding the rational utilization of resources and ecological construction in the Dongting Lake Basin and promoting the green development of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6487-6500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Ecological Network Evolution in Taihang Mountains Based on MSPA-InVEST Model].","authors":"Yao Chen, Chang-Chun Zhang, Feng Hu, Guo-Hao Hu, Yu Lang, Hao-Lin Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202410020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202410020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Building an ecological network is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development， and utilizing the importance of ecosystem service functions and morphological spatial pattern analysis to identify the evolution of the ecological network in the Taihang Mountains scientifically has great significance for protecting regional ecological environment security. Taking the Taihang Mountains as the research area， based on time-series data from 2000， 2010， and 2020， the levels of four ecosystem service functions， namely， water conservation， carbon storage， soil conservation， and habitat quality， were calculated. Morphological spatial pattern analysis was coupled to identify the ecological source areas of the Taihang Mountains. Using circuit theory， ecological corridors were extracted to construct the ecological network and analyze its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. The study produced several important results： ① From 2000 to 2020， the ecological source area of the Taihang Mountains， with dense distribution in the north and south and scattered and sparse distribution in the middle， increased from 13 168.76 km² to 15 007.17 km². ② The number of ecological corridors increased from 101 to 105， among which the number of important ecological corridors increased from 84 to 86， and the number of potential ecological corridors increased from 16 to 19. The corridors showed a spatial distribution pattern of north-south clustering and sparse surroundings. ③ Ecological pinch points and ecological barrier restoration areas were mainly distributed around ecological corridors， and exhibited frequent changes. The identified area of ecological pinch points exceeds 20 000 km² and showed a significant decline followed by a slight rebound trend. The identified area of ecological barrier points exceeds 3 000 km² and showed a V-shaped trend of stable decline followed by rebound.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6443-6454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Distribution and Correlation Analysis of Microplastic Contamination in Bottom Mud of Zhengzhou Section of the Yellow River].","authors":"Chang-Min Zhao, He-Tong Li, Zhen-Fang Ma, Zheng-Yun Deng, Jun-Yi Duan, Li Ma, Xin Gui, Fa-Wen Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the distribution characteristics of microplastics in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River， this study selected 18 sites on the Yellow River through Zhengzhou to collect sediment samples， and microplastics were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by body-viewing microscopy and Fourier infrared spectroscopy to explore the distribution characteristics of microplastic contamination. The relationship between microplastics and the physicochemical properties of the sediment was examined using Pearson correlation analysis， and the diversity index was used to analyze the potential source of the microplastics. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in the sediment of the Zhengzhou section of the Yellow River ranged from 533.33 to 2 866.67 n·kg^-1， with a mean value of （1 140.74±496.76） n·kg^-1. The color was dominantly blue， green， and black； the most abundant shape was fibrous； and the dominant particle size was less than 1 mm， with microplastics with a particle size of 0.5-1 mm accounting for the largest proportion of the microplastics. The microplastic polymers differed greatly among the points， but polyethylene terephthalate （PET） was dominant. Their abundance was only weakly correlated with physical and chemical properties of the sediment， but the morphological features showed a degree of correlation. Diversity index analysis showed that the surrounding anthropogenic activities were the main source of microplastics in the Yellow River sediment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6285-6295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Forecasting the Scrap Volumes and Recyclable Resource Potentials of China's Residential Photovoltaics from a Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity Perspective].","authors":"Jia-Han Luo, Lei Chen, Guo-Tian Cai, Hai-Jun Bai","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the scrap volume and recyclable resource potential of residential photovoltaic （PV） systems is directly related to constructing a circular economy model for the PV industry and informs future cost-benefit analysis. It also significantly impacts environmental protection and sustainable development across residential sectors in different regions. This study is crucial for developing effective recycling policies and promoting resource circularity and also provides technical support for the strategic construction and layout of PV recycling and disposal capacities across regions. Given that the lifespan and installed capacity of residential PV systems vary regionally due to rooftop space limitations， this study utilizes material flow and spatiotemporal heterogeneity analyses to forecast future scrap volumes and recycling potentials for residential PV systems nationwide and by region. The results indicate that China's cumulative installed capacity for residential PV will reach 467.33 GW by 2050. Under conservative， baseline， and high-growth scenarios， and based on early and conventional failure modes， cumulative scrap volume is highest under the high-growth scenario， reaching 705.11 GW and 627.80 GW， respectively， approximately 200% higher than in the conservative scenario. In the conventional failure scenario， the total recyclable resource content from decommissioned components is 2.027 million tons， which is 49.8% higher than the content of the conservative scenario and 45.17% lower than the content of the high-growth scenario. From a spatiotemporal perspective， provinces with early development and proactive policy implementation， such as Shandong and Hebei， are expected to reach scrap peaks around 2042. Recycling policies and system improvements should be prioritized in these areas. Although Guangdong， Zhejiang， and Jiangsu have later scrap peaks， they still require early planning for recycling funds and technological innovation. Regions such as Sichuan， Guizhou， and Chongqing， despite lower scrap volumes， must not overlook the handling of toxic metals. It is recommended that the operation and maintenance management of residential PV systems be further strengthened by enhancing maintenance quality， incorporating intelligent management technologies， and implementing replacement programs. Additionally， regional differences should be considered to plan recycling and disposal capacities for decommissioned PV modules strategically.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6684-6697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Optimal Detection of Vegetation Dynamics and Driving Forces in Southwest China Based on kNDVI Index].","authors":"Hua Qiu, Fei Yu, Chen Li, Feng Hu, Hong-Mei Gao, Yang Gou, Yang Chen, Xuan-Ming Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Southwest China， a key region for karst landforms in both the country and in Asia， is characterized by a relatively fragile ecological environment and significant ecological security challenges. Because the region is China's largest carbon sink， understanding its vegetation dynamics and their driving factors is crucial for effective management of vegetation resources， ecological construction， and protection. This study employed several analytical methods， including Theil-Sen median trend analysis， the Mann-Kendall significance test， the coefficient of variation method， and the Hurst index， to examine the spatiotemporal evolution of the vegetation kNDVI in southwest China from 2001 to 2020. Additionally， we utilized optimal parameter Geodetectors to address key issues related to spatial data discretization and spatial scale， exploring the driving forces of vegetation change across three distinct periods： 2001-2010， 2011-2020， and 2001-2020. The results indicate the following： ① From 2001 to 2020， there was a significant overall increasing trend in kNDVI in southwest China， with a growth rate of 0.002 2 per annum. The average kNDVI over these 20 years was 0.579， reflecting a relatively high level of vegetation health. The spatial distribution of kNDVI reveals significant regional differences， showing a pattern of \"low in the northwest and high in the southeast.\" ② Over the past two decades， the status of vegetation growth in the southwest has improved markedly， with 74.7% of areas experiencing enhancements in kNDVI， significantly outnumbering those showing degradation. Stability analysis showed that areas with medium and low fluctuations represent the largest proportion of the total， accounting for 72.11%. Although vegetation changes remain generally stable， there is a serious risk of future degradation in the region. ③ Natural factors， including elevation， annual average temperature， and landform type， have consistently been the primary drivers of spatial differentiation in vegetation across different time periods. However， as urbanization has intensified， socioeconomic factors such as population density and GDP have become increasingly influential. Although the impact of accessibility factors is relatively low， their growth rate is notable. Furthermore， interactions among various factors exhibit a synergistic enhancement effect. This study provides a scientific basis for the management， construction， and protection of vegetation ecosystems and the ecological environment in southwest China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6344-6355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pollution Assessment and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Soil of Qinghai Section of the Yellow River Basin].","authors":"Ya-Feng Zhang, Qiang Ma, Ze-Ming Shi, Lian-Zhen He, Nan Ma, Shuai Wang, Zhen Yao, Xiao Shen, Lu Dai","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to find out the background of heavy metals in the soil of the Qinghai section of the Yellow River Basin， the pH and the contents of eight heavy metals （Cd， Cr， As， Hg， Pb， Cu， Zn， and Ni） were measured in 3 275 groups of soils in the Yellow River Basin， the abundance and deficiency of heavy metals were evaluated using the geoaccumulation index， the risk level of heavy metals was revealed by the potential ecological risk index， the homology between elements was indicated by correlation coefficient， the dimensionality reduction was carried out using cluster analysis， and the pollution sources were analyzed using the PCA and PMF models. The results showed that： ① The mean values of <i>ω</i>（Cd）， <i>ω</i>（Cr）， <i>ω</i>（As）， <i>ω</i>（Hg）， <i>ω</i>（Pb）， <i>ω</i>（Cu）， <i>ω</i>（Zn）， and <i>ω</i>（Ni） in the soil in the study area were 0.17， 70.8， 15.0， 0.026， 22.6， 24.2， 69.4， and 30.7 mg·kg^-1， respectively. Compared with the soil background value of Qinghai， As and Hg were enriched， and Cr and Cd were diluted in the study area. Compared with the soil background value in China， the study area was enriched with As， and Hg and Pb were poor. ② Based on the soil background value of Qinghai Province， the soil accumulation index showed that the overall soil quality in the study area was good. The local enrichment factor was mainly Hg， followed by As. The potential ecological risks showed that Cr， Cu， and Zn were risk-free， while the rest were characterized by Hg&gt;Cd&gt;As&gt;Pb=Ni， with an average comprehensive ecological risk of 107 and an intermediate ecological risk. ③ The correlation coefficients between Zn， Cr， Ni， and Cu in the study area were high； the correlation coefficients between Cd， Cu， and Zn were high； and there were similar migration processes in each group. On the other hand， As and Hg had independent migration characteristics. Cluster analysis divided the eight heavy metals in the soil in the study area into four cluster groups， which were As，Cr，Ni，Cu；Cd，Zn，Pb；and Hg. ④ Four principal factors were identified by source analysis. Factor 1 was the natural source caused by the high background of copper-nickel-chromium sulfide，factor 2 was the mixed source caused by geological high background and mining activities， factor 3 was the human activity source of mercury enrichment caused by transportation， and factor 4 was the natural source caused by the high background output of geological rock masses. In view of the above conclusions， it is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of natural sources and the blocking of human activity sources， which can provide a scientific basis for the ecological environmental protection and restoration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 10","pages":"6612-6620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}