Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"<i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> CCFM1163 alleviates cathartic colon by activating the BDNF-TrkB-PLC/IP₃ pathway to reconstruct the intestinal nerve and barrier.","authors":"Shengnan Zhu, Qiangqing Yu, Yifan Xue, Jiazhen Li, Yin Huang, Wenxu Liu, Gang Wang, Linlin Wang, Qixiao Zhai, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05835f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05835f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Cathartic colon (CC) is a type of slow-transit constipation caused by a patient's long-term use of irritating laxatives. Probiotics play a crucial role in managing constipation. <i>Objectives</i>: This study aims to identify probiotics that can alleviate CC and explore their specific mechanisms of action. <i>Methods</i>: The CC-model was constructed using senna leaf extract. <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> was applied to the mice for intervention. Relevant marker changes were then examined using ELISA and RT-qPCR. Furthermore, 16S rDNA sequencing was utilized for functional prediction of intestinal microorganisms, while GC-MS analysis was performed to determine the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces. <i>Results</i>: Senna damages the intestinal nerve and the intestinal barrier while inducing CC. In contrast, <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> CCFM1163 may enhance the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the colon by altering the intestinal microbiota composition (<i>e.g.</i>, increasing <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i>, and decreasing <i>Faecalibaculum</i>) and by elevating SCFA levels (<i>e.g.</i>, acetic and isobutyric acid). Subsequently, elevated BDNF expression activates the BDNF-tyrosine kinase receptor B-phospholipase C/inositol trisphosphate (BDNF-TrkB-PLC/IP₃) pathway, which upregulates the gene expression of <i>Uchl1</i>, <i>S100β</i>, and <i>Acta2</i>; repairs the enteric nervous system-interstitial cells of Cajal-smooth muscle cells (ENS-ICC-SMC) network; upregulates the gene expression of <i>Ocln</i> and <i>Tjp1</i>; improves intestinal permeability in CC mice; and modulates the immune response by upregulating <i>Tlr4</i>, downregulating <i>Il1b</i>, and upregulating <i>Il10</i>, ultimately alleviating CC. <i>Conclusion</i>: <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> CCFM1163 was identified as a probiotic that can promote BDNF expression in the colon, activate the BDNF-TrkB-PLC/IP₃ signaling pathway, and effectively alleviate CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of lutein supplementation on blood lipids and advanced glycation end products in adults with central obesity: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Juan Zhou, Shanshan Wang, Qiang Wang, Rui Zhao, Dongxia Wang, Huihui Xie, Yatan Du, Yue Xu, Jin Deng, Yue Huang, YuanHua Liu, Xiaolin Peng, Liping Hao, Liegang Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05578k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05578k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central obesity poses a significant health threat. Lutein-rich fruits and vegetables may help manage obesity. Limited evidence suggests that lutein exerts health effects by inhibiting advanced glycation end products (AGEs), but data on its effects in centrally obese individuals are sparse. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of lutein supplementation in subjects with central obesity. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted involving patients with central obesity. Anthropometric indices, dietary intake, metabolic parameters, carotenoid and AGEs levels were compared between those receiving a 32-week intervention of 10 mg d^-1 lutein and a placebo group. There were 117 patients randomly assigned in the analysis. Twenty-three patients were lost to follow-up. Both intention-to-treat analysis and the per-protocol analysis showed significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and malonaldehyde levels in the lutein supplementation group compared with the placebo group. Significant differences were also observed between the groups in plasma lutein, carboxyethyl lysine (CEL), carboxymethyl lysine (CML), methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone (MG-HI) levels and skin carotenoid index (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). The mean difference and 95% confidence interval were 0.12 [0.08 to 0.16] μg ml^-1, -8.76 [-16.60 to -0.89] ng ml^-1, -72.3 [-134.0 to -10.9] ng ml^-1, -233.9 [-429.0 to -36.8] ng ml^-1 and 0.94 [0.56 to 1.31] a.u., respectively. Furthermore, changes in plasma lutein concentration were positively correlated with changes in the skin carotenoid index (<i>r</i> = 0.41, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and negatively correlated with changes in plasma CEL (<i>r</i> = -0.24, <i>P</i> = 0.018), (CML) (<i>r</i> = -0.21, <i>P</i> = 0.051, and MG-H1) (<i>r</i> = -0.25, <i>P</i> = 0.017). In conclusion, regular lutein intake can improve metabolic health in adults with central obesity by increasing plasma lutein concentrations, reducing oxidative stress, lowering plasma TC, LDL-C, and ApoB levels, and downregulating AGEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sea cucumber polysaccharides overcome immunotherapy resistance in tumor-bearing mice <i>via</i> modulation of the gut microbiome.","authors":"Jiahui Li, Jinhui Jia, Yue Teng, Xiaojuan Wang, Xiaojun Xia, Shuang Song, Beiwei Zhu, Xiaodong Xia","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05449k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05449k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer immunotherapy has been successful in patients with different types of cancers, but its efficacy in treating certain types of colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited. The aim of this study was to explore whether sea cucumber polysaccharides (SCP) could impact resistance to anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD1) immunotherapy of CRC and the role of microbiota in mediating their effects. Mice inoculated with immunotherapy resistant CT-26 CRC cells were pretreated with SCP, followed by treatment with/without the anti-PD1 antibody. SCP alone exhibited no inhibitory effect on tumor growth, but they drastically enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD1 treatment, which alone showed minimal effect on tumor development. Compared to anti-PD1 only treatment, a combination of SCP and anti-PD1 increased CD8⁺ T cells, especially IFN-γ⁺ cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells, and decreased regulatory CD4⁺ T cells. SCP modulated gut microbiota and increased the relative abundance of bacteria including <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Faecalibaculum</i>. A fecal microbiota transplantation experiment showed that the sensitizing effect of SCP was at least partly mediated by microbiota. Furthermore, oral supplementation of <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i> or <i>Faecalibaculum rodentium</i> recapitulated the beneficial effect of SCP in potentiating anti-PD1 efficacy. Altogether, these findings demonstrated that SCP could be potentially developed as a dietary adjuvant to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indian lychee honey ameliorates hepatic glucose uptake by regulating the ChREBP/Glut4 axis under insulin-resistant conditions.","authors":"Chandrachur Ghosh, Tathagata Kundu, Tiyasa Pathak, Saakshi Saini, Neeladrisingha Das, Surendra Saini, Debabrata Sircar, Prabhat Kumar, Partha Roy","doi":"10.1039/d4fo03900a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo03900a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many traditional treatments include honey owing to its magnificent health beneficiary effects. Recent studies have demonstrated the potent anti-diabetic activity of honey. However, its actual mechanism of action remains elusive. Moreover, being rich in sugar (75%-80%), its role in maintaining glucose homeostasis remains questionable. Although the polyphenol content of honey aids its hypoglycaemic activity, the small quantity of bioactive compounds in honey (0.5%-1.0%) may not be solely responsible for this. In the current study, an attempt was made to understand the role of Indian lychee honey (LyH) in regulating blood glucose levels under diabetic conditions. This study investigated whether LyH, although rich in sugars, can be used as an alternative to regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis under insulin-resistant conditions by regulating the ChREBP/Glut4 signalling pathway. This study was first performed <i>in vitro</i> in palmitic acid-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Various assays, such as FACS, GCMS, qRT-PCR, immunoblot and ChIP-qPCR, were performed to establish the anti-hyperglycaemic role of LyH <i>in vitro</i>. The <i>in vitro</i> results were subsequently confirmed <i>in vivo</i> using a high-fat diet-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice model. The <i>in vivo</i> study was supported by several experiments, such as examining blood parameters, histopathology, double-immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Finally, the finding was validated by comparing it with a couple of GEO datasets from the NCBI database. This study found that LyH is an excellent choice for regulating blood sugar levels under diabetic conditions without significant harmful side effects. Moreover, LyH showed excellent hepatic glucose uptake activity in an insulin-independent manner. This activity is mainly governed by sugars as its main ingredient. LyH treatment also regulates hepatic lipid homeostasis by maintaining a balance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Further, sugar, when supplemented individually, caused severe inflammation, which was validated through histopathology, ELISA and IHC. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that Indian LyH provides a better food matrix (the right proportion of sugars and different bioactive compounds), which significantly improves hyperglycemia and inflammation under diabetic conditions by regulating the hepatic ChREBP/Glut4 axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alliaceae vegetable consumption and sarcopenia: findings from the TCLSIH cohort study.","authors":"Xuena Wang, Hao Geng, Jiaoyang Li, Ge Meng, Hongmei Wu, Yeqing Gu, Jian Huang, Junsheng Huo, Bing Zhang, Gangqiang Ding, Kaijun Niu","doi":"10.1039/d3fo05623f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo05623f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background and aims</i>: Sarcopenia is a progressive and degenerative loss of muscle mass and function in the elderly that is associated with increased adverse outcomes. Organosulfur compounds, obtained from Alliaceae vegetables, could protect skeletal muscle from atrophy because of their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between Alliaceae vegetable consumption and sarcopenia in the general elderly population. <i>Methods</i>: This study used data from the TCLSIH cohort study (2017-2022). Alliaceae vegetable consumption was assessed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia algorithm. Multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for the cross-sectional analysis (<i>n</i> = 3623) and the prospective incident analysis (<i>n</i> = 1913), respectively. <i>Results</i>: There were 546 (15.1%) sarcopenic cases at baseline and 302 (56.1 per 1000 person years) incident sarcopenic cases over a mean follow-up of 2.8 years. In Model 4, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for incident sarcopenia across raw garlic consumption categories were 1.00 (reference) for almost never, 0.70 (0.53, 0.93) for ≤1 time per week, and 0.59 (0.44, 0.80) for ≥2-3 times per week (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001); the HRs (95% CI) for sarcopenia across onion consumption categories were 1.00 (reference) for almost never, 0.71 (0.53, 0.97) for ≤1 time per week, and 0.73 (0.54, 0.97) for ≥2-3 times per week (<i>P</i> for trend = 0.02). Similar results were also observed in the cross-sectional analysis. <i>Conclusion</i>: The consumption of Alliaceae vegetables, including garlic and onion, is inversely associated with prevalent and incident sarcopenia. Further studies are needed to explore the causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From <i>in silico</i> screening to <i>in vivo</i> validation in zebrafish - a framework for reeling in the right psychobiotics.","authors":"Benjamin Valderrama, Isabelle Daly, Eoin Gunnigle, Kenneth J O'Riordan, Maciej Chichlowski, Sagarika Banerjee, Alicja A Skowronski, Neeraj Pandey, John F Cryan, Gerard Clarke, Jatin Nagpal","doi":"10.1039/d4fo03932g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo03932g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The potential of gut bacteria to interact with the nervous system is now well known. Therefore, the characterization of bacterial strains that can modulate signalling pathways of the nervous system is a topic of growing interest, as it represents a potential alternative therapeutic target to treat central nervous system disorders. However, a streamlined screening framework is required to guide the rational identification and selection of such bacteria, known as psychobiotics. In this work, we introduce a framework that integrates <i>in silico</i>, <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> approaches to identify psychobiotic candidates capable of both metabolising prebiotics of interest and producing neuroactive molecules. To prove the effectiveness of the approach, we characterized a bacterial strain, <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> APC2688, for its capacity to modulate the GABAergic system and alter the stress-related behaviour of zebrafish larvae. In brief, <i>in silico</i> analyses of the genomic content of APC2688 identified it as capable of degrading different prebiotics and producing neuroactive compounds known to modulate the stress response in animal models. Then, <i>in vitro</i> results confirmed the ability of this strain to produce GABA, tryptophan and acetate, while growing with the candidate prebiotics of interest, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and inositol. <i>In vivo</i> experiments demonstrated that the administration of bacterial supernatants induced changes in the expression of <i>gad1</i> and <i>gabra1</i> in zebrafish larvae, two essential genes in the GABAergic signalling pathway, and altered the anxiety-like behaviour of the larvae. These results highlight the efficiency of our framework in integrating orthogonal approaches to discover and characterise bacteria capable of modulating the microbiome-gut-brain axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of the release and transformation of polyphenols during germination and fermentation in millets: profile and metabolomics based analysis.","authors":"Yu Wang, Yu Zhang, Sen Li, Kai Huang, Hongwei Cao, Wenjie Qiu, Xiao Guan","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05625f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05625f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germination and fermentation are effective ways to improve polyphenol contents in whole grains; however, their mechanisms await clear explanation. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the release and transformation of polyphenols during germination and fermentation with <i>L. plantarum</i>. Results showed that the phenolic content significantly increased after germination and fermentation. Dynamic changes of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes and structural characteristics detected by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and CLSM indicated that the destruction of hemicellulose and the secretion of xylanase were crucial for releasing polyphenols. Targeted metabolomics revealed that a total of 73 polyphenols and their catabolites were identified. Differential metabolites between millets (M) and germinated millets (GM), as well as between GM and germinated-fermented millets (FGM), were revealed. Quantitative analysis of differential metabolites combined with KEGG pathways showed that the contents of cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid significantly increased after germination, likely associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. However, these polyphenols markedly decreased after fermentation. The contents of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and 4-hydroxyphenylethanol significantly increased after fermentation, suggesting associations with phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. Our results demonstrated the enhancement of polyphenol contents <i>via</i> the combination of germination and fermentation and the related mechanisms during these processes, which provides valuable insights for the utilization of cereals in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Protective effects of potential probiotic <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (MTCC-5897) fermented whey on reinforcement of intestinal epithelial barrier function in a colitis-induced murine model.","authors":"Harpreet Kaur, Taruna Gupta, Suman Kapila, Rajeev Kapila","doi":"10.1039/d5fo90014j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo90014j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correction for 'Protective effects of potential probiotic <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (MTCC-5897) fermented whey on reinforcement of intestinal epithelial barrier function in a colitis-induced murine model' by Harpreet Kaur <i>et al.</i>, <i>Food Funct.</i>, 2021, <b>12</b>, 6102-6116, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO02641G.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinamide riboside alleviates sweeteners-induced brain and cognitive impairments in immature mice.","authors":"Yushan Jiang, Huaqi Zhang, Jing Shi, Tianhu Shan, Man Liu, Peng Wang, Xi Liang, Hui Liang","doi":"10.1039/d4fo05553e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo05553e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The consumption of sweeteners is high around the world. Sweet beverages are one of the most important and popular sources of sweeteners. Previous studies have reported that excessive sweeteners might cause health hazards, including cognitive impairment. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of NAD⁺, has been found to alleviate several cognitive impairments. However, the protective effects of NR against sweetener-induced cognitive impairment remain unclear. Hence, we evaluated the effects of sweeteners and NR (400 mg kg^-1 d^-1) on the brain and cognition of mice by simulating an extreme lifestyle of completely replacing water with sugar-sweetened beverage (simulated with 10% sucrose solution) or sugar-free sweet beverage (simulated with 0.05% aspartame solution) from weaning to adulthood. The results revealed that continuous exposure to sucrose or aspartame for eight weeks did not significantly cause differences in body weight but significantly induced cognitive impairments, including anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, impairments in learning, memory and sociability. Moreover, sucrose or aspartame exposure induced neuronal injury, reduction of Nissl bodies, overactivation of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway and increased downstream inflammatory cytokines in mouse hippocampus, and also induced an imbalance of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy, large consumptions of intracellular antioxidant factors, and overactivation of the PI3K/Akt/FOXO1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in mouse brain. NR treatment increased NAD⁺ in the brain, and prevented and alleviated these impairments effectively. In summary, we found that NR supplementation protected against cognitive impairment caused by sucrose or aspartame in immature mice, which might be related to increased brain NAD⁺ level, relieved neuroinflammation and pyroptosis in the hippocampus, and maintained a balance of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Tamarindus indica</i> sub-products as potential tools for simultaneous management of diabetes and obesity.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique Souza, Beatriz Paes Silva, Gabriel Arcanjo Viana Neto, Tiane C Finimundy, Thalita Faleiro Demito Santos, Paulo Sergio Alves Bueno, Felipe de Oliveira Souza, Eduardo J Pilau, Lillian Barros, Jurandir F Comar, Livia Bracht, Rosane M Peralta, Adelar Bracht, Anacharis B Sá-Nakanishi","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04536j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04536j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aiming at valorizing industrial wastes of tamarind, the present work evaluated the actions of seed, leaf and peel extracts on starch and fat absorption through starch and triglyceride tolerance tests in mice. The actions of all extracts on the α-amylase and lipase were also characterized using classical kinetic assays. All extracts inhibited starch digestion <i>in vivo</i>, but the seed extract was the most effective one with an ID₅₀ of 151.4 mg kg^-1. The mechanism behind this inhibition probably involves the pancreatic α-amylase, which was strongly inhibited by the seed extract under <i>in vitro</i> conditions (IC₅₀ = 13.3 μg mL^-1) and much less strongly by the leaf and peel extracts (IC₅₀ values in the vicinity of 400 μg mL^-1). The pancreatic lipase, conversely, was inhibited solely by the seed extract, with an IC₅₀ of 31.5 μg mL^-1. As a consequence of this property, the seed extract also inhibited triglyceride absorption, as indicated by olive oil tolerance tests, which revealed an ID₅₀ of 214.9 mg kg^-1. The seed extract also possessed the strongest antioxidant capacity and the highest content in phenolic groups. Chemical analyses revealed that all extracts present a great variety of phenolic compounds and that the seed extract possesses at least 5 unique compounds (ursodiol, masoprocol, lenticin, chenodeoxycolic acid and 13-keto-9<i>Z</i>,11<i>E</i>-octadecadienoic acid), which, according to docking studies, could be involved in the inhibition of both α-amylase and lipase. The overall conclusion is that the tamarind seed extract displays great potential for being used in the management of obesity and diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}