Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of sulforaphane bioavailability from a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract in a model of dynamic gastric digestion and absorption by Caco-2 cell monolayers.","authors":"Wei Zhu, Eleonora Cremonini, Angela F Mastaloudis, Alyson E Mitchell, Gail M Bornhorst, Patricia I Oteiza","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04561k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04561k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Broccoli is recognized for its health benefits, attributed to the high concentrations of glucoraphanin (GR). GR must be hydrolyzed by myrosinase (Myr) to form the bioactive sulforaphane (SF). The primary challenge in delivering SF in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract- is improving hydrolysis of GR to SF. Here, we optimized the formulation and delivery methods to improve GR conversion and SF bioavailability. We investigated whether the combination of GR-rich broccoli seed extract powder (BSE[GR]) with Myr-rich mustard seed powder (MSP[Myr]), ± ascorbic acid (AA, a co-factor of Myr), delivered as free powder or encapsulated powder, can: (i) facilitate GR hydrolysis to SF during dynamic <i>in vitro</i> gastric digestion and static <i>in vitro</i> small intestinal digestion, and (ii) increase SF bioavailability in Caco-2 cell monolayers, a model of human intestinal epithelium. Addition of exogenous Myr increased the conversion of GR to SF in free powder during small intestinal digestion, but not during gastric digestion, where Myr activity was inhibited by the acidic environment. Capsule delivery of BSE[GR]/MSP[Myr] (w/w ratio 4 : 1) resulted in a 2.5-fold higher conversion efficiency compared to free powder delivery (72.1% compared to 29.3%, respectively). AA combined with MSP[Myr] further enhanced the conversion efficiency in small intestinal digestion and the bioavailability of SF in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Bioavailability of GR as SF, SF metabolites, and GR was 74.8% in Caco-2 cell monolayers following 30 min gastric digestion and 60 min small intestinal digestion. This study highlights strategies to optimize GR bioconversion in the upper GI tract leading to enhanced SF bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study of metaproteomics and DNA metabarcoding as tools to assess dietary intake in humans.","authors":"Brianna L Petrone, Alexandria Bartlett, Sharon Jiang, Abigail Korenek, Simina Vintila, Christine Tenekjian, William S Yancy, Lawrence A David, Manuel Kleiner","doi":"10.1039/d4fo02656j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4fo02656j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective biomarkers of food intake are a sought-after goal in nutrition research. Most biomarker development to date has focused on metabolites detected in blood, urine, skin, or hair, but detection of consumed foods in stool has also been shown to be possible <i>via</i> DNA sequencing. An additional food macromolecule in stool that harbors sequence information is protein. However, the use of protein as an intake biomarker has only been explored to a very limited extent. Here, we evaluate and compare measurement of residual food-derived DNA and protein in stool as potential biomarkers of intake. We performed a pilot study of DNA sequencing-based metabarcoding and mass spectrometry-based metaproteomics in five individuals' stool sampled in short, longitudinal bursts accompanied by detailed diet records (<i>n</i> = 27 total samples). Dietary data provided by stool DNA, stool protein, and written diet record independently identified a strong within-person dietary signature, identified similar food taxa, and had significantly similar global structure in two of the three pairwise comparisons between measurement techniques (DNA-to-protein and DNA-to-diet record). Metaproteomics identified proteins including myosin, ovalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin that differentiated food tissue types like beef from dairy and chicken from egg, distinctions that were not possible by DNA alone. Overall, our results lay the groundwork for development of targeted metaproteomic assays for dietary assessment and demonstrate that diverse molecular components of food can be leveraged to study food intake using stool samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of new lipid ingredients during pregnancy and lactation on rat offspring brain gene expression.","authors":"Valentina Origüela, Antonio Gázquez, María José López-Andreo, Pilar Bueno-Vargas, Mustafa Vurma, José M López-Pedrosa, Brian J Leyshon, Matthew Kuchan, Jia Pei Chan, Elvira Larqué","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04425h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04425h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy and lactation may influence the bioavailability of essential lipophilic nutrients, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that are important for both the mother and her child's development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different maternal fat diets on fat absorption and pup brain development by analyzing gene expression. Rats were fed diets with different lipid matrices during pregnancy and lactation: diet A, mono and diglycerides (MDG) + soy lecithin phospholipids (PL); diet B, MDG + soy lecithin PL + milk-derived PL; and a control diet. All diets contained the same amount of DHA. We determined maternal dietary fat absorption, as well as the offspring fatty acid (FA) profile in both plasma and brain samples at birth and in pups at 14 days post-natal. In addition, microarray analysis was performed to characterize the pup brain gene expression. Maternal dietary fat and DHA apparent absorption was enhanced only with diet B. However, we observed higher plasma DHA and total FA concentrations in lactating pups from the experimental groups A and B compared to the control. Both brain DHA and total FA concentrations were also higher in fetuses and 14-day-old pups from group A with respect to the control, with diet B following the same trend. Offspring brain gene expression was affected by both diets A and B, with changes observed in synaptic and developmental processes in the fetuses, and the detoxification process in 14-day-old pups. Incorporating MDG and PL-rich lipid matrices into maternal diets during pregnancy and lactation may be highly beneficial for ensuring proper neurodevelopment of the fetus and newborn.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between fatty acids and female infertility: dual evidence from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Qiaorui Yang, Jing Tao, Shengxiao Jia, Zhenliang Fan","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04020a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04020a","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background&lt;/i&gt;: Infertility poses a considerable threat to female reproductive health on a global scale. Dietary pattern, as a modifiable lifestyle factor, is frequently recommended as an important intervention for infertility-related diseases. Fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining the health of the female reproductive system. However, the available evidence on the specific relationship between various types of fatty acids and infertility remains insufficient and controversial. &lt;i&gt;Methods&lt;/i&gt;: Initially, a cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to collect data from women aged 18-45 years who met the inclusion criteria across the 2013-2020 cycles. Infertility was defined based on information gleaned from reproductive questionnaires. Fatty acid intake was determined by analyzing two 24 hour dietary recall interviews. Weighted logistic regression and weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses, incorporating covariate adjustments, were employed to preliminarily delineate the association between various types of fatty acids and proportions of fatty acid intake and female infertility risk. Model performance evaluation was carried out through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, complemented by the utilization of a nomogram diagram to gauge the infertility risk attributed to covariates. Genetic instrumental variables pertinent to diverse fatty acid profiles and female infertility were sourced from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Mendelian randomization (MR), multivariable MR (MVMR) and reverse MR analyses were subsequently used to ascertain causality and reverse causality between distinct fatty acids and infertility, concurrently assessing for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. &lt;i&gt;Results&lt;/i&gt;: In our NHANES analysis, a total of 3159 women were enrolled in the study, with a self-reported infertility prevalence of 11.49%. Infertile women exhibited significantly elevated intake of total omega-6 and omega-6/total fatty acids (TFA) compared to the controls. Weighted logistic regression models confirmed positive correlations between total omega-6 (continuous) and omega-6/TFA (categorical) and infertility risk, while omega-3 (continuous) intake demonstrated a negative correlation. Model 2, post rigorous multivariate covariate adjustment, showed improved predictive performance according to ROC curve analysis. Subgroup analysis suggested that the positive correlation between omega-6/TFA (continuous) and female infertility risk was not affected by stratification. Total omega-6 (continuous) emerged as a risk factor for infertile women aged 18-34 years. However, total saturated fatty acids (TSFAs, continuous), total omega-3 (continuous) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, categorical) were protective factors only in the infertile women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;. The positive associations between total omega-6 (Q4) a","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity phenotype and gut microbiota alterations are not associated with anxiety-like behaviour in high-fat diet-fed mice.","authors":"Giselle C Wong, Bertrand Bearzatto, Jean-Luc Gala, Nathalie M Delzenne, Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D Cani","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04461d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04461d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety is a common co-morbidity with obesity and metabolic disease, and can lead to a significant impact on quality of life. The vast differences in the gut microbiota between obese and control individuals provide a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. A high-fat diet (HFD) in rodent models have been shown to induce anxiety-like behaviour and has been tested through an array of distinct behavioural tests such as the elevated plus maze test, light-dark test and open field test. Despite differences in testing and assessment parameters, the behavioural outcomes have previously yielded similar results. Recent evidence suggests that HFD has an anxiolytic effect on mice, complicating the model. Here, we aimed to confirm whether HFD-fed mice are more susceptible to presenting anxiety-like behaviours. Our findings showed no significant differences in behaviour, plasma corticosterone and inflammation markers between HFD and control diet (CTD) mice, despite considerable differences in adiposity and faecal microbial communities. Additionally, daily oral gavage is one of the most common methods for testing bacterial probiotics in rodent models, but this handling could potentially also cause stress to the mice. Thus, we investigated if daily oral gavage could mask differences in HFD and CTD mice. We found no significant differences in weight, fat mass or anxiety-like behaviour in CTD-fed mice with or without daily oral gavage.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of proanthocyanidins on cognitive improvement in thyroxin-induced aging mice.","authors":"Chong Yuan, Hongtao Ren, Kexin Hu, Linlin Chen, Ke Yue, Kunmiao He, Qiuying Yu, Na Wang, Gaiping Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d4fo03987d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo03987d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the population ages, functional dietary supplements are increasingly used to reduce age-related diseases, especially in the field of cognitive impairment. In this study, a thyroxine (Th)-induced aging model was established, and the effect of proanthocyanidins (Pc) on cognitive impairment of aging mice was evaluated based on cognitive ability, neuroinflammation and immune level. The results showed that Pc significantly reduced AchE activity compared to the Model group, improving learning deficits and spatial memory in aged mice (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Further study showed that Pc could maintain the organism's redox balance, markedly increasing T-AOC, GSH, and SOD levels (<i>P</i> < 0.01) while reducing MPO and MDA levels (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Pc also improved systemic inflammation, raising the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine PF4 and significantly lowering pro-inflammatory factors in the blood (<i>P</i> < 0.01). In the DG region of the hippocampus, Pc effectively repaired nerve damage, inhibited the over-activation of microglia and astrocytes, down-regulated GFAP and IBA-1 proteins (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and then reduced neuroinflammation. Additionally, Pc supplementation also significantly increased the levels of WBC, Lymph, Mid, and Gran in aged mice (<i>P</i> < 0.01), aiding in the recovery of leukocyte counts. At the same time, the CD3⁺ level and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio were significantly increased (<i>P</i> < 0.01) to maintain the dynamic balance of lymphocyte subsets in aging mice and enhance the immune capacity of aging mice. The study revealed that Pc, as a dietary supplement, can effectively alleviate cognitive impairment in the elderly population. This provides a new dietary nutrition supplement strategy for the health of the aging population.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of barley dietary fiber fermented with and without <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> dy-1 in promoting gut health and regulating hepatic energy metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.","authors":"Ying Zhu, Kai Ba, Xiaodong Li, Yufeng He, Yanshun Zhang, Lianzhong Ai, Jiayan Zhang, Yansheng Zhao, Xiang Xiao","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04776a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04776a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A previous study has revealed that <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> (<i>Lp. plantarum</i>) dy-1 fermentation changed the structural properties and <i>in vitro</i> fecal fermentation characteristics of barley dietary fiber. However, the health-promoting effects of fermented dietary fiber <i>in vivo</i> remained unclear. This study was aimed at comparing the ameliorative effects of barley dietary fiber fermented with or without <i>Lp. plantarum</i> dy-1 on lipid metabolism, gut microbiota composition and hepatic energy metabolism. After a twelve-week intervention, fermented barley dietary fiber (FBDF) reduced the body weight and fat accumulation in liver and epididymal white adipose tissue, improved HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and glucose intolerance, and increased short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, exhibiting effects that were better than those of raw barley dietary fiber (RBDF). FBDF supplementation improved the gut microbiota composition, specifically enhancing the abundance of probiotic and SCFA-producing bacteria, such as <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, while RBDF exhibited regulatory effects on harmful bacteria (<i>Escherichia</i>-<i>Shigella</i> and <i>Desulfovibrionaceae</i>). Additionally, FBDF up-regulated the expression of genes related to energy metabolic processes, such as aerobic respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, inhibited the genes related to lipid biosynthetic metabolism, and improved the activities of hepatic energy metabolism-related enzymes, demonstrating effects that were better than those of RBDF. Therefore, this study indicated the potential of using FBDFs as healthy food resources to prevent obesity or as prebiotics to improve gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substituting animal protein with black soymilk reduces advanced glycation end product level and improves gut microbiota composition in obese prediabetic individuals: a randomized crossover intervention trial.","authors":"Yu-Ho Chang, Pei-Ni Lee, Cheng-Hsu Chen, Hsin-Yi Yang, Chi-Hao Wu, Jia-Yau Doong, Wan-Ju Yeh","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04717f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04717f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prediabetes (PreDM) and obesity increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Individuals with these conditions often consume diets higher in animal protein than in plant protein, which are associated with elevated levels of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs). Increased dAGE intake has been linked to blood glucose abnormalities, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis of the microbiota, all of which exacerbate metabolic disorders. Black soybeans, as a plant-based protein source, contain substantially lower levels of dAGEs compared with pork. This study aimed to investigate the effects of substituting animal protein with black soybeans on advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiota in individuals with both PreDM and obesity. This study was a randomized crossover intervention trial conducted over 16 weeks. We recruited men and women aged 20-64 years with both prediabetes and obesity. This study had four periods: 0-4 weeks for the run-in period, 4-8 weeks and 12-16 weeks for the pork or black soymilk intervention period, and 8-12 weeks for the wash-out period. During the intervention period, the participants consumed pork or black soymilk with similar protein content as their dietary protein source. The participants maintained 3 day dietary records, and we measured anthropometric items and collected blood and fecal samples for analysis. The results showed that partially substituting pork with black soymilk as a dietary protein source for 4 weeks significantly reduced dAGE intake. The black soymilk group also exhibited significantly lower blood AGE fluorescence intensity, oxidative stress, and levels of glycative stress markers. Furthermore, black soymilk consumption significantly increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera compared with pork consumption. In conclusion, partially substituting dietary pork with black soymilk may reduce serum AGE levels, reduce oxidative and glycation stress, and increase the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota in individuals with both PreDM and obesity. Registration number of Clinical Trial: NCT05290519 (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complexation of starch and konjac glucomannan during screw extrusion exhibits obesity-reducing effects by modulating the intestinal microbiome and its metabolites.","authors":"Fanrui Liu, Hao Wan, Honghao Fan, Zhihong Zhang, Hua Dai, Hai He","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04275a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04275a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary interventions have been shown to improve gut health by altering the gut flora, preventing obesity, and mitigating inflammatory disorders. This study investigated the benefits of a rice starch-konjac glucomannan (ERS-KGM) complex, produced <i>via</i> screw extrusion, for gut health and obesity prevention. Analyzed through <i>in vitro</i> starch digestion, scanning electron microscopy, and structural analysis, the ERS-KGM complex exhibited a notable increase in resistant starch content due to its well-ordered structure. When administered to mice on a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, the ERS-KGM complex significantly reduced body weight, white adipose tissue mass, adipocyte size, and food intake while increasing water consumption. It also improved glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles by lowering serum triglycerides and total glycerol content. Enhanced metabolic biomarkers and enzyme activities were observed, specifically involving glycerophospholipid metabolism. It decreased the activities of aldehyde dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and amino acid transaminase while increasing antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Additionally, it elevated glycogen and positively altered gut microbiota by enriching <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Desulfobacterota</i>, and <i>Bifidobacterium</i>. This change enhanced the ability to degrade specific compounds and elevated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in feces. These findings suggest that the ERS-KGM complex could serve as a dietary supplement for obesity prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the neuroprotective impact of virgin olive oil ingestion <i>via</i> the microbiota-gut-brain axis.","authors":"Luna Barrera-Chamorro, Africa Fernandez-Prior, Carmen M Claro-Cala, Jose L Del Rio-Vazquez, Fernando Rivero-Pino, Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04560b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04560b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut-brain axis, a complex system of two-way communication between both organs, plays a key role in overall health. This comprehensive review explores the possible neuromodulatory effects upon consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO) <i>via</i> changes in the gut microbiota. The components found in VOO, such as polyphenols and monounsaturated fatty acids, and their function in influencing the composition of the gut microbiota, focusing on those known to possess neuroactive characteristics, based on a thorough analysis of the literature were investigated. Studies suggest that these compounds, such as hydroxytyrosol and ferulic acid, may protect against neuronal death and inhibit amyloid-β plaques (Aβ) formation. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical research indicates that VOO may promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These changes could be related to improved cognitive function, mood regulation, and neuroprotection. However, limitations of these studies (short duration of studies, the variability in VOO composition and the lack of standardized methodologies) need to be overcome. Furthermore, the limited number of human trials and incomplete understanding of the gut-brain axis make it difficult to establish causality and clinical application of the findings. For this reason, future research should focus on long-term clinical trials with larger cohorts, standardised characterisation of VOO and on exploring the synergistic effects with other dietary components. Furthermore, mechanistic studies should aim to uncover the molecular pathways involved in the gut-brain axis to develop specific dietary interventions for neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}