Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Negative impact of soluble, gel-forming dietary fibres on the bioaccessibility of β-carotene, lutein, and lycopene.","authors":"Anushka Shukla, Aziliz Rolland, Thomas Schleeh, Patrick Borel, Charles Desmarchelier, Torsten Bohn","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01844g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01844g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotenoids, including β-carotene, lutein and lycopene, the 3 main carotenoids present in our body, are lipophilic phytochemicals associated with several health benefits. Dietary fibre may influence the bioavailability of carotenoids by altering their release from the food matrix and their solubilisation into mixed micelles during digestion and thus their subsequent absorption by enterocytes. We examined the dose-dependent influence of major soluble (pectin, guar, alginate, fructooligosaccharides,) and insoluble dietary fibres (cellulose, type-2 resistant starch) at nutritional relevant doses (0, 30 and 90 mg per 26 ml) added for digestion, containing also pure β-carotene, lutein or lycopene (at 75 μg) solubilized in peanut oil. Following <i>in vitro</i> gastrointestinal digestions, carotenoid bioaccessibility, selected physico-chemical parameters (viscosity, surface tension, <i>ζ</i>-potential and micelle size) and free fatty acid release were evaluated. β-Carotene bioaccessibility was reduced by 90 mg of alginate and pectin, from 29.1% to 11.8% and 17.9%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while other fibres had no overall significant impact. For lutein, only pectin decreased its bioaccessibility, from 58.3% to 26.0% (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while for lycopene, the reduction in bioaccessibility was from 7.2% (control) to 5.4% for pectin (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 4.1% for alginate (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 4.8% for guar (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for 90 mg. This negative effect was associated with altered physico-chemical properties, with soluble, gel-forming fibres (<i>vs.</i> non-gel-forming fibres) in general increasing viscosity, reducing surface tension and absolute <i>ζ</i>-potential and in part micelle size, and hampering triglyceride digestion by up to 54.3% for guar (90 mg) <i>vs.</i> controls. Thus, soluble, gel-forming dietary fibres hampered carotenoid bioaccessibility, also depending on carotenoid type, while insoluble and non-gel-forming dietary fibres showed no negative effect on bioaccessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tripartite synergy in fermented barley: probiotic-driven enhancement of bioactive metabolites restores the gut barrier and microbiota in colitis.","authors":"Qingqing Yu, Manchun Huang, Juan Bai, Ying Zhu, Yufeng He, Yansheng Zhao, Yongjun Xia, Xiang Xiao","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01323b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01323b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) requires novel intervention strategies, and functional fermented foods hold unique promise due to their multi-target modulatory effects. This study systematically evaluated the colitis-alleviating properties of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> dy-1 fermented barley (LFBE) compared with raw barley flour (RBE) and heat-inactivated strain and raw barley flour (HLFBE), emphasizing both the individual and synergistic roles of the functional matrices in LFBE. In a DSS-induced colitis model, the three interventions exhibited a clear gradient of efficacy (LFBE > HLFBE > RBE), with the LFBE group showing the most pronounced therapeutic benefits, including minimal body weight loss (14.12% <i>vs.</i> 15.56% in HLFBE, 17.47% in RBE and 24.86% in Model) and a significantly lower disease activity index (2.37 <i>vs.</i> 2.59 in HLFBE, 2.96 in RBE and 3.29 in Model). Notably, LFBE uniquely enriched phenolic compounds and carbohydrates, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Moreover, its probiotic components activated <i>KLF4</i>/<i>ATOH1</i>-mediated goblet cell differentiation, thereby enhancing mucin production. Gut microbiota analysis further revealed that LFBE promoted the proliferation of <i>Akkermansia</i> (+61.93%) and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> (+130.85%) while inhibiting the colonization of <i>Escherichia</i>-<i>Shigella</i> (-69.84%). These findings highlight the synergistic contributions of probiotic compounds, fermentation-enhanced bioactive compounds, and the prebiotic barley matrix in LFBE. Collectively, this work provides a theoretical foundation and innovative avenues for developing precision fermentation-based, targeted interventions for IBD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onion thiolanes as multifunctional molecules: a story about recently discovered compounds from a well-known vegetable.","authors":"Jan Hošek, Daniela Nykodýmová, Iveta Štefanová, Petra Bittnerová, Marcela Nejezchlebová, Ondřej Smištík, Jakub Treml, Roman Kubec","doi":"10.1039/d5fo02323h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo02323h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) contains various bioactive organosulfur compounds, including recently identified species with a 3,4-dimethylthiolane ring structure. In this study, the biological activities of 24 onion-derived thiolane samples were comprehensively evaluated, focusing on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial potential. Tested thiolanes showed significant antioxidant activity by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in THP1-Blue™ NF-κB cells; however, some tested derivatives exhibited mild pro-oxidant effects. In assays targeting metabolic regulation, several compounds showed partial activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) pathway, particularly allithiolane B isomers, achieving 22-26% of the maximal response induced by the known full agonist rosiglitazone, suggesting potential as PPARγ modulators. Anti-inflammatory assessments revealed minimal direct inhibition of NF-κB signaling, except for onionin A, which modestly attenuated NF-κB activity. Cytotoxic evaluation indicated safety at physiological concentrations (up to 10 μM), though some thiolanes significantly reduced cell viability at higher concentrations (50 μM), highlighting their potential for selective cytostatic applications. Antimicrobial screening indicated limited activity against bacteria and fungi at tested concentrations, except for moderate antifungal effectiveness against <i>Candida albicans</i> shown by allithiolane D and cepathiolactols F. Overall, these results emphasise that onion thiolanes are multifunctional molecules capable of modulating oxidative stress, metabolic regulation and inflammation, supporting their potential use in nutraceutical strategies aimed at chronic disease prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of aqueous green coffee extract (<i>Coffea canephora</i>) on the intestinal health of Wistar rats fed with a hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet.","authors":"Natália Alves de Souza Meneguelli, Manuella Domiciano Nascimento, Thainara Queiroz Pereira, Mariana Grancieri, Leonardo Oliveira Trivilin, Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa, Mirelle Lomar Viana, Cíntia Tomaz Sant'Ana, Pollyanna Ibrahim Silva, Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra, André Gustavo Vasconcelos Costa","doi":"10.1039/d5fo02228b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo02228b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inadequate eating habits, such as excessive caloric intake and diets high in saturated fats, are associated with the development of obesity and intestinal alterations. Green coffee is rich in bioactive antioxidant compounds, which may assist in obesity management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous green coffee extract on intestinal health in Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. The four experimental groups (<i>n</i> = 8) were: CT (control diet), HF (high-fat diet), HFP (prevention experimental group - high-fat diet with extract supplementation from the first experimental week), and HFT (treatment experimental group - high-fat diet with extract supplementation starting from the 8th week). Compared to the CT group, the HF group exhibited a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in intestinal pH, NO, and SOD levels, as well as in the morphometric parameters of the intestinal mucosa and the quantification of TJ proteins - claudin and occludin. In contrast, preventive supplementation with GCE (HFP group) effectively preserved intestinal mucosal integrity and maintained claudin and occludin. On the other hand, therapeutic supplementation (HFT) reduced the intestinal pH, increased butyrate and acetate levels, recovered the mucosal morphometric parameters, and enhanced the quantification of claudin and occludin. The HFP group showed an increase in Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia and a reduction in Firmicutes. The high-fat diet reduced species richness and diversity and GCE was not able to reverse this. These findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of aqueous green coffee extract on intestinal health, highlighting its potential as a strategy for preventing and treating intestinal alterations induced by a high-fat diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of lactose intake and lactase persistence genotype with microbial taxa and function in healthy multi-ethnic U.S. adults.","authors":"Yirui Tang, Andrew Oliver, Zeynep Alkan, Ian Korf, Liping Huang, Mary E Kable, Danielle G Lemay","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01640a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01640a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactase persistence is a genetically inherited trait that enables continued lactose digestion into adulthood. Lactase non-persistence (LNP) individuals often experience incomplete lactose digestion, allowing undigested lactose to reach the colon, where it may shape microbial composition and function. We investigated the relationship between the lactase persistence (LP) genotype, lactose consumption, and the taxonomic and functional profiles of the fecal microbiome. Participants from the USDA Nutritional Phenotyping Study, a cross-sectional observational study designed to assess how dietary factors impact human health, whose fecal microbiome profile was measured using shotgun metagenomic sequencing (<i>n</i> = 330) were included in this analysis. Fecal SCFA levels were measured using GC-MS. Fecal microbiome taxonomy and gene abundance were quantified using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Lactose consumption and yogurt intake were estimated based on Automated Self-Administered 24h Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24®) dietary recalls or Food Frequency Questionnaire. The LP/LNP genotype was determined by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP ID: rs4988235). Several genera of lactic acid bacteria (<i>Veillonella</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lacticaseibacillus</i>, and <i>Lactococcus</i>) were differentially abundant between recent high-lactose consuming (>10.0 g lactose per day) and low-lactose consuming (<3.3 g lactose per day) individuals. Among the LNP participants who self-identified as Caucasian or Hispanic, high-lactose consumers (>10.0 g per day <i>via</i> 24-h recall) had significantly higher relative abundances of lactic acid bacteria and lactate-utilizing bacteria (<i>Lacticaseibacillus</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Megamonas</i>, and <i>Veillonella</i>) than low-lactose consumers (<3.3 g per day). Independent of lactose intake, LNP participants had a higher abundance of fecal microbial β-galactosidase genes than LP participants. Among the LNP participants, those with high recent lactose consumption also showed a significant shift towards more fecal propionate. The abundance of the yogurt-associated microbe, <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i>, was positively associated with yogurt intake independent of the genotype. Alternative milk consumption was significantly negatively associated with fecal SCFAs both in the full cohort and the Caucasian/Hispanic subset, regardless of the genotype. Our results suggest that functional and persistent host lactase enzymes may work to competitively exclude lactic acid bacteria, contributing to a smaller realized niche for lactic acid bacteria in LP individuals compared to LNP individuals. However, regardless of the host genotype, consumption of alternative milk may be associated with reduced production of health-promoting intestinal metabolites, such as SCFAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Targeting gut microbiota-derived butyrate improves hepatic gluconeogenesis through the cAMP-PKA-GCN5 pathway in late pregnant sows.","authors":"Longshan Qin, Weilei Yao, Tongxin Wang, Taimin Jin, Baoyin Guo, Shu Wen, Feiruo Huang","doi":"10.1039/d5fo90071a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo90071a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retraction of 'Targeting gut microbiota-derived butyrate improves hepatic gluconeogenesis through the cAMP-PKA-GCN5 pathway in late pregnant sows' by Longshan Qin <i>et al.</i>, <i>Food Funct.</i>, 2022, <b>13</b>, 4360-4374, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FO00094F.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinnamic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in rats <i>via</i> Nrf2 activation and inflammation modulation.","authors":"Setah Naif Alotaibi, Ghedeir M Alshammari, Nawal A Albadr, Ali Saleh, Mohammed Abdo Yahya","doi":"10.1039/d5fo02465j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo02465j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the therapeutic effects of cinnamic acid (CA) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and elucidates its mechanisms involving Nrf2 activation and NF-κB suppression. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in Wistar rats through a high-fat diet followed by streptozotocin administration. Rats were assigned to each of the six groups: control, control + CA (40 mg kg^-1), T2DM, T2DM + CA (20 mg kg^-1), T2DM + CA (40 mg kg^-1), and T2DM + CA (40 mg kg^-1) with brusatol (an Nrf2 inhibitor; 2 mg per kg per twice per week). Over 8 weeks, we assessed metabolic parameters, serum lipid profiles, renal function, oxidative stress markers, and kidney histology. CA did not significantly affect the body weight or insulin levels in T2DM rats. Nevertheless, it notably reduced the fasting glucose levels and improved the renal function, as evidenced by reductions in serum creatinine and urinary albumin levels. CA treatment significantly decreased the expression of renal inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and nuclear NF-κB in the kidneys of T2DM rats. Furthermore, CA reduced oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the lower MDA levels and elevated antioxidant marker levels (GSH, SOD, and HO-1) in the kidneys of both control and T2DM rats. CA treatment increased the nuclear Nrf2 levels and decreased the transcription and cytoplasmic Keap1 levels, with the levels of these effects being dose-dependent between 20 and 40 mg kg^-1. The addition of brusatol reversed the beneficial effects of CA, underscoring the pivotal role of Nrf2 in mediating CA's protective actions. In conclusion, CA ameliorates renal dysfunction and mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation in T2DM rats <i>via</i> a hypoglycemic effect and activation of the Nrf2 pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> KCTC 15831BP-fermented industrial hempseed (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) supplementation corrects metabolite and gut microbiota dysbiosis, potentially mitigating Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms induced by obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice.","authors":"Simon Okomo Aloo, Ramachandran Chelliah, Fred Kwame Ofosu, Ye-Won Lee, Ye Eun Cho, Se Jin Park, Deog Hwan Oh","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01921d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01921d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A long-term high-fat diet (HFD) intake causes obesity, disrupting the gut microbiota and body metabolite balance, and increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fermented hempseed may restore microbiota balance, improve metabolism, and reduce neuroinflammation, potentially protecting against cognitive decline. This study investigates the protective effects and mechanisms of action of <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> KCTC 15831BP-fermented hempseed (FHS) against AD-like symptoms induced by obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD and supplemented with either orlistat, raw hempseed, FHS, or live <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> KCTC 15831BP (PA) for 15 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the impacts of supplementation on obesity- and AD-related markers, brain and blood metabolites, and fecal microbiota were assessed. HFD-fed mice exhibited obesity markers, such as increased body weight, altered serum lipids, insulin resistance, high leptin but low adiponectin levels, fatty liver, and enlarged adipose tissue. They also showed AD-related disorders, including cognitive decline, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and beta-amyloid accumulation. HFD feeding also led to gut microbiota dysbiosis and unfavorable changes in serum and brain metabolites. FHS intervention reversed most adverse effects, restoring gut microbiome balance, improving the <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio, and normalizing disrupted serum and brain metabolites, including increasing protective compounds like L-tryptophan and <i>trans</i>-cinnamic acid. The beneficial changes in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles caused by FHS positively correlated with improvements in obesity and AD markers. These findings highlight the interconnection between the diet, gut, and brain, emphasizing the role of the diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis in mitigating neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of steamed ginger extract for gastric health: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-center clinical trial.","authors":"Hyang-Im Baek, Nu-Ri Ha, Chul Kim, Tae Joon Im, Yun Young Kim, Seung Hwan Hwang, Jae Woo Bae","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01172h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01172h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of steamed ginger extract (GGE03) for mild to moderate functional dyspepsia (FD) in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 80 subjects who met the inclusion criteria without meeting the exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to a GGE03 group (<i>n</i> = 40, 480 mg day^-1 as GGE03) or a placebo group (<i>n</i> = 40). Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted before intervention and at 12 weeks after intervention. The GGE03 group showed significantly improved gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) total score and sub-scores (abdominal pain, constipation, indigestion, and reflux) compared to the placebo group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). Moreover, the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) sub-scales (general health, health change, pain, physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, and social functioning) were significantly improved in the GGE03 group compared to those in the placebo group (<i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>p</i> = 0.016, <i>p</i> = 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>p</i> < 0.001, and <i>p</i> = 0.023, respectively). Safety evaluations (adverse events, complete blood count, blood chemistry, and urinalysis) revealed that GGE03 was safe without causing clinically meaningful changes. Therefore, GGE03 has the potential to be used as a health functional food for improving gastric health.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet, genetic factors, and the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Tongyu Zhang, Meiyou Lu, Zihan Li, Jianan Zheng, Jing Cao, Yichan Zhou, Weibing Wu, Liang Chen, Ting Wang, Jing Xu","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00369e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00369e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Diet has been recognized as the most pivotal modifiable lifestyle factor in the development of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Barrett's Esophagus (BE) and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma (EA). However, the associations between dietary ingredients, patterns, and diet-gene interactions with the risk of GERD, BE and EA remain unclear. <i>Methods</i>: The prospective cohort study included 502 412 participants from the UK Biobank. Dietary ingredients, patterns, and the associations with the incidence of GERD, BE and EA were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models. Additionally, we calculated a healthy dietary score based on eight primary dietary factors. Furthermore, polygenic risk scores were developed to explore potential diet-gene interactions. <i>Results</i>: Over an average follow-up of 12.5 years, we identified 29 564 incident cases of GERD, 4081 cases of BE and 539 cases of EA. Frequent tea intake was consistently associated with an increased risk of GERD (HR = 1.04, CI: 1.03, 1.05), BE (HR = 1.08, CI: 1.06, 1.11) and EA (HR = 1.07, CI: 1.01, 1.14), while higher dietary fiber consumption was inversely associated with the risks (HR = 0.92 for GERD, CI: 0.90, 0.94; HR = 0.78 for BE, CI: 0.73, 0.84; HR = 0.81 for EA, CI: 0.68, 0.97). In the dietary pattern analysis, the prudent pattern was linked to a lower risk of GERD, BE and EA (HR = 0.95 for GERD, CI: 0.91, 0.98; HR = 0.84 for BE, CI: 0.76, 0.92; HR = 0.70 for EA, CI: 0.53, 0.93). Significant additive and multiplicative interactions were observed between diet and genetic risk for BE (RERI = 0.32, CI: 0.11, 0.52; <i>P</i>_{multiplicative interaction} = 0.039) and EA (RERI = 0.84, CI: 0.34, 1.33; <i>P</i>_{multiplicative interaction} = 0.038). <i>Discussion</i>: Our study highlights the role of dietary exposure in the etiology of GERD, BE and EA. Healthy dietary interventions may be beneficial, especially for populations with high genetic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}