ACS Sensors最新文献

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas12a Integrated with a Microfluidic System Enhanced Analysis of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.","authors":"Bingjie Zeng,Anzhi Sheng,Xiao Zhang,Xianzhao Wang,Yunxia Bao,Yiwen Huang,Yiman Huang,Liang Shan,Xin Xu,Yueyang Qin,Yiran Yang,Yiran Deng,Ling Tian,Jiayi Wang,Lifang Ma","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01152","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood has significant clinical value for predicting and evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, traditional methods remain limited by low sensitivity and the precise quantification remains a challenge. A dual-mode microfluidic analysis chip was constructed here that included clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas12a quantification and immunofluorescence visualization. Quantification of the PD-L1 protein on the surface of CTCs (20 to 107 cell/mL) was achieved selectively and sensitively by amplifying the nucleic acid target to generate a strong fluorescent signal, even with very low levels of target cells. The system effectively detected PD-L1+ CTCs expression in peripheral blood samples from patients with NSCLC and monitored the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted immune checkpoint inhibitors in real time. It exhibited excellent performance for clinical applications in monitoring the prognosis in patients with NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging the Imprint: Enhanced Performance of a Silver Prussian Blue Analogue-MIP Electrochemical Sensor for Sulfamethoxazole Detection in Milk.","authors":"Isabel Chapa,Grace Dykstra,Asky Fungura,Natalia Krakhaleva,Adrienne Minerick,Yixin Liu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02385","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic residues such as sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in milk pose significant public health risks and contribute to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. This work presents a simple, low-cost electrochemical sensor based on a silver Prussian Blue analogue (Ag-PBA) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for sensitive and selective SMX detection in milk. Silver nanostructures were electrodeposited and modified into Ag-PBA, followed by electropolymerization of a template-monomer solution that had been preincubated for three months to promote stable complex formation onto screen-printed carbon electrodes. This extended incubation strategy, not previously reported for MIP systems, yielded higher sensitivity to SMX than a fresh solution. The Ag-PBA/MIP sensor exhibited a linear detection range from 0.1 to 10 μM, covering the European Union's maximum residue limit of 0.4 μM for SMX in milk. The sensor demonstrated good selectivity against structurally similar sulfonamides and other antibiotic residues found in milk. Milk preparation methods were optimized to enhance SMX oxidation, and analyte loss during sample treatment was assessed by comparing samples spiked with SMX before and after preparation.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical \"Super-Fingerprinting\" in Combination with Machine Learning for the On-Site Detection of Illicit Drugs.","authors":"Alexandr Stratulat,Julia Mazurków,Annemarijn Steijlen,Bjoke Goyvaerts,Rien Moris,Joy Eliaerts,Natalie Meert,Karolien De Wael","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02155","url":null,"abstract":"On-site multidrug sensing remains challenging due to the complexity of real samples and the differing detection requirements of individual substances. In the current study, we present successful electrochemical multidrug detection that overcomes these limitations by broadening the analytical framework, i.e., by performing square wave voltammetry simultaneously at four different conditions: pH 5, pH 7, pH 10/derivatizing, and pH 12. The combination of the four electrochemical fingerprints into a \"super-fingerprint\" was achieved by employing machine learning, specifically, the support vector machines algorithm coupled with principal component analysis. The proposed methodology was applied to the detection of cocaine, heroin, ketamine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and MDMA as well as 24 adulterants/cutting agents. The novel detection technique demonstrated robust classification performance with very high specificity (∼90%), sensitivity (∼93%), and accuracy (∼92%), confirmed through the identification of the street samples of the six target drugs.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Kinetic Control Enables Scalable and Ultrasensitive Single-Molecule Sensing.","authors":"Zhencai Xu,Qiang Zeng,Zhuoyin Liu,Haiyang Yu,Hui Yu,Yuting Yang,Jinghong Li","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02778","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic single-molecule sensing (DSMS) enables real-time monitoring of molecular interactions with exceptional sensitivity and kinetic resolution, offering significant potential for ultrasensitive biomarker detection. However, existing DSMS platforms often require probe redesign or external force modulation to tune binding kinetics, which limits system simplicity and scalability. Here, we report an intrinsically regulated DSMS platform engineered through systematic optimization of nanoparticle size and buffer ionic strength. We first established a theoretical model describing two dominant kinetic regimes─damping-dominated and entropic-confinement-dominated dynamics─and identified a critical inflection point where sensitivity and specificity are balanced. While this model provides insights into kinetic tuning, practical challenges such as nanoparticle heterogeneity and matrix complexity limit its direct application for sensor design. To address this, we empirically optimized a previously developed DSMS system using average binding dwell time and total binding events as two key performance indicators. The optimized platform, featuring 150 nm polystyrene nanoparticles under 150 mM NaCl, achieved femtomolar detection of thrombin and HIV-1 p24 antigen with limits of detection of 213.9 fM and 4.3 fM, respectively. Notably, the platform maintained excellent specificity in diluted serum through dwell-time filtering, highlighting its robustness in complex biological matrices. This work establishes a novel DSMS strategy that enables efficient single-molecule sensing without probe modification or external actuation, paving the way for scalable, high-performance biomarker detection in clinical diagnostics and point-of-care applications.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Black and PEDOT:PSS in a Synergistic Solid Contact for Reliable Printed Potentiometric Sensors.","authors":"Christian Gosti,Zekra Mousavi,Luca Fiore,Vincenzo Mazzaracchio,Federico Olivieri,Gennaro Gentile,Fabiana Arduini,Johan Bobacka","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02226","url":null,"abstract":"Printed potentiometric sensors require reliable solid contacts to provide stable and reproducible ion-selective electrodes. However, hampering fabrications and unfavorable maintenance often hinder their breakthrough on a commercial scale. Herein, we develop a solid-contact calcium-selective screen-printed electrode harnessing straightforward manufacturing based on the combination of carbon black (CB) and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) doped with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as an ion-to-electron transducer. Drop-casting was used to simply deposit the CB layer, while PEDOT:PSS was rapidly electropolymerized (71 s) onto the working electrode to deliver affordable manufacturing of the printed electrode while ensuring valid potentiometric performance. Subsequently, the ion-selective membrane (ISM) and the polyvinyl butyral (PVB)-based reference membrane were, respectively, drop-cast onto the working electrode and reference electrode (RE). Upon the optimization of solid-contact layers, the solid-contact Ca2+-ISEs were investigated by evaluating their potentiometric performance versus a conventional RE. CB/PEDOT:PSS-modified screen-printed electrodes demonstrated a low-frequency capacitance of 55 μF, and an outstanding standard potential interelectrode reproducibility (±1 mV). The combination of both types of ion-to-electron transducers provided calcium detection in the linear range 10-1-10-7 M with a Nernstian sensitivity (28.3 ± 0.3 mV/decade), ensured over 28 days under dry storage. Furthermore, the absence of the water layer effect was also demonstrated. Lastly, the fully printed platform was assembled to achieve a miniaturized and easily field-deployable potentiometric device, consisting of CB/PEDOT:PSS/ISM configuration and PVB-based reference membrane on the working electrode and the RE, respectively. The resulted all-solid-state sensor revealed a Nernstian sensitivity with a 29.0 ± 0.5 mV/decade slope and a stable signal up to 72 h (drift = -0.2 mV/h). Analysis carried out using commercially available bottled water also demonstrated the sensor successful performance in the determination of calcium ion in real samples.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear Ligand-Regulated Coordination Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence for Circulating Tumor DNA Measurement Combined with a Cruciform Tripedal DNA Walker Output Strategy.","authors":"Yu Hu,Zhen Wang,Yi-Fei Chen,Jin-Li Yang,Li Wang,Ruo Yuan,Hai-Jun Wang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02240","url":null,"abstract":"The regulation of the aggregation degree plays a crucial role in the aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) induced by coordination aggregation. Herein, 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl) benzene (H3BTB), 1,4-di(pyridin-4-yl) benzene (DPB), and Zn2+ were first employed to synthesize the Zn-DPB-BTB coordination polymers (Zn-DPB-BTB CPs) with extraordinary AIECL performance as the rotation and vibration of luminescent H3BTB were restricted. Notably, besides the coordination-induced ECL enhancement, DPB, a functional linear molecule, could effectively adjust the parallel π-π stacking pattern and the aggregation degree of Zn-BTB, enabling Zn-DPB-BTB CPs to possess significantly improved ECL efficiency at low voltage compared to H3BTB and Zn-BTB. Hence, using Zn-DPB-BTB CPs as efficient ECL emitters, an ECL biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA was fabricated combined with a newly designed target cleavage-induced cruciform tripedal DNA walker output strategy. Specifically, it exhibited obvious advantages in sensitive and accurate analysis of low-concentration targets as multiple sufficient preformed cruciform tripedal DNA walkers on the three-dimensional surface of magnetic beads were released for more effective signal conversion via target cleavage compared with the traditional DNA walker that was directly triggered and formed through targets. Impressively, the proposed biosensor revealed a good linear range of 10 aM to 1 nM and an excellent detection limit as low as 8.24 aM.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slope Extrusion Microchannel Integrating Terahertz Meta-Sensor Embedded in Cerebrospinal Fluid for Precise Diagnosis of PCNSIs.","authors":"Qingtong Wang,Ziqun Wang,Chuanzheng Wang,Huihan Tian,Yanhua Qi,Xin Yan,Rongrong Zhao,Boyan Li,Caizhi Ma,Tao Xin,Jianquan Yao,Haiyun Yao,Hao Xue,Lanju Liang,Gang Li","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01688","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative central nervous system infections (PCNSIs) are serious complications following craniotomy, for which prompt diagnosis and empirical antimicrobial treatment are critical to reducing comorbid complications and mortality. Clinically, PCNSIs and their severity are determined by the leukocyte concentration (Lc) and multinucleated cell/monocyte (MNC/MO) ratio in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, traditional detection methods are time-consuming and unsuitable for rapid bedside use. Here, we propose a novel terahertz biosensor that integrates a metasurface with slope lateral extrusion technology, which shows a significant response to leukocytes in CSF while having minimal impact on other components, such as erythrocytes and proteins. This innovative sensor enables precise, rapid, and label-free detection of both Lc and MNC/MO ratio in complex liquid environments. Specifically, it can simultaneously quantify the Lc across a broad range (0-2000 × 106/L) and the MNC/MO ratio by monitoring changes in resonance frequency and transmission intensity. Mechanistically, monocytes induce more pronounced changes in frequency and transmission intensity compared to multinucleated cells, a difference attributed to variations in dielectric constant caused by disparities in cell volume and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio. This innovative approach achieves, for the first time, accurate detection of components in complex body fluids. Validation using clinical CSF samples demonstrates its potential for reliable quantitative analysis, highlighting its significance for rapid bedside diagnosis and their severity of PCNSIs.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Temperature CO2 Sensor with Second-Level Response for Diesel Engine Exhaust Gas Detection Applications.","authors":"Zuorong Huang,Quanquan Tang,Jing He,Lei Wu,Fengmin Liu,Xishuang Liang,Bin Wu,Mingliang Fu,Geyu Lu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02897","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel engines in the field of transportation are one of the important sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and incomplete combustion and complex working conditions make it difficult to accurately calculate their CO2 emissions by using the intake volume. In addition, the high temperature and harsh environment of exhaust gas also put higher requirements on the response speed, stability, and high-temperature resistance of the sensor. In this study, Co3O4 was doped into the auxiliary phase Na2CO3 as a catalyst and stabilizer to improve the sensor sensitivity, and solid electrolyte NASICON was doped to improve the sensor response speed. The results show that when the doping ratio of Na2CO3 and NASICON is the same as 10 wt %, the response to CO2 of 5000 ppm can reach -67 mV, and the full-range second-level response to CO2 is realized. The detection range is up to 0-180,000 ppm, the sensitivity is -64 mV/decade, the sensor has good selectivity to CO2, the response change in the range of 20-98% RH is negligible, and the response change in 60 days is only -8.66%. This sensor had good reproducibility. In addition, the in situ on-board CO2 sensing probe and test system were developed. The sensor response was calibrated against the measurement values of standard instruments on the entire vehicle. Based on the calibration results, a regression curve was established and the vehicle was tested; the test results and the standard instrument test value deviation are basically less than 10% to verify the practicality of the component in the exhaust gas detection.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystalline Energy Funneling in Mixed-Ligand Zr-MOFs Drives Radical-Triggered ECL Amplification for Ultrasensitive Thrombin Sensing.","authors":"Ju-Zheng Wang,Yi-Xuan Li,Qiaoting Yang,Jérome Chauvin,Serge Cosnier,Xue-Ji Zhang,Dan Shan","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02948","url":null,"abstract":"Harnessing crystalline architectures to direct exciton migration presents a promising avenue for electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal amplification in biosensing. Herein, we report a structurally orchestrated ECL platform based on a mixed-ligand zirconium metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF), assembled from 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-benzoic acid)pyrene (TBAPy) and zinc tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (ZnTCPP). The nanoscale colocalization of donor-acceptor pairs within a crystalline lattice establishes an intraframework energy funneling pathway, enabling directional resonance energy transfer (RET) from TBAPy to ZnTCPP with an efficiency of up to 76.5%. Beyond RET, radical-triggered excitation involving TBAPy•- and superoxide (O2•-) further activates ZnTCPP-centered ECL emission, resulting in a 3-fold enhancement compared to single-ligand controls. By leveraging this synergistic amplification, an aptamer-gated, signal-off ECL biosensor was constructed for femtomolar-level thrombin detection (limit of detection: 0.47 fM) with exceptional selectivity. This work exemplifies a crystalline energy-programmed approach to coupling exciton dynamics with redox-active interfaces, offering a mechanistically traceable and highly sensitive platform for advanced bioanalytical applications.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SERS-Integrated Microneedles: Bridging Nanoplasmonics and Microsampling for Advanced Bioanalysis.","authors":"Dongchang Yang,Brian Youden,Naizhen Yu,Andrew Carrier,Runqing Jiang,Mark Servos,Ken Oakes,Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02335","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitive analytical techniques capable of in situ measurements in biological tissues with high selectivity and rapid response are essential for health monitoring, disease diagnosis, agriculture management, and food safety. However, conventional biological sampling is often invasive, expensive, and inconvenient. Microneedle (MN) technology offers a noninvasive, quick, and self-administered approach for in vivo sampling of extracellular fluids that are rich in biomarkers and metabolites indicative of health status. By integrating MNs with highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), the hybrid technique provides unprecedented convenience, user compliance, and analytical sensitivity for biomonitoring. The versatility of SERS-integrated MNs (SERS-MNs), along with their integration into portable, self-administered devices, makes them ideal for point-of-care testing. SERS-MNs can also be incorporated into wearable medical devices for real-time, long-term biochemical monitoring with high temporal resolution. This perspective explores the emerging applications of SERS-MNs by critically examining the key requirements in materials, structural design, and fabrication methods, while elucidating their underlying working principles. We further assess current challenges and highlight future opportunities, providing insights to advance their use in clinical diagnostics, precision agriculture, and food safety. This work offers a systematic discussion on the integration of SERS-MNs into wearable devices for long-term, real-time health monitoring, opening new possibilities to empower individuals in proactive health management.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}