{"title":"Efficient separation of oil–phenol mixtures and removal of neutral oil entrainment via an in situ deep eutectic method†","authors":"Wanxiang Zhang, Yangchangqing Zhao, Bingru Wang, Zhigang Lei, Shuhang Ren, Yucui Hou and Weize Wu","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05756B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05756B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Traditional phenolic separation processes produce a large amount of wastewater and high neutral oil entrainment. This work used the COSMO model to predict the separation performance of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for <em>m</em>-cresol (MCR) and identified a potential extractant EmimCl : MCR (1 : 0.4) DES and its liquid phase operating window. Partial MCR in direct coal liquefaction oil and EmimCl form a DES extractant and can be recycled. The density, viscosity and thermal stability of the extractant were determined experimentally, and the effect of experimental conditions on its separation performance was explored. The structure–activity relationship was explored through visualization of quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics simulation. The <em>in situ</em> DES extraction method and multi-stage flash evaporation combined with the distillation process could effectively remove neutral oil and reduce energy consumption as well as obtain 99.9% MCR product. The total annual cost of the new process was 38.8% lower than that of the traditional extractive distillation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 1145-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paweł Mateusz Nowak, Michał Kamiński, Wojciech Trybała, Vittorio Canale and Paweł Zajdel
{"title":"Comparison of greenness and whiteness of selected mechanochemical and solution-based reactions using a new RGBsynt model†","authors":"Paweł Mateusz Nowak, Michał Kamiński, Wojciech Trybała, Vittorio Canale and Paweł Zajdel","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05097E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05097E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In analytical chemistry, the idea of assessing the “whiteness” of a method, which refers to the RGB model used in colour coding, has gained significant popularity in recent years. Whiteness represents the overall evaluation, which includes greenness (environmental impact) and functional features, represented by redness (analytical efficiency), and blueness (practicality). This work presents the first whiteness assessment model dedicated to chemical synthesis, called “RGBsynt”, inspired by the metrics used in analytics. The assessment may be applied to a set of 2–10 methods, described by parameters such as yield, product purity, <em>E</em>-factor, ChlorTox, time-efficiency and energy demand, which refer to the three primary colours. The model is implemented in an easy-to-use Excel spreadsheet where users input the values of the mentioned parameters, and then data analysis, evaluation and results visualization are carried out fully automatically. The RGBsynt model was employed to compare 17 solution-based procedures for <em>O</em>- and <em>N</em>-alkylation, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, and <em>N</em>-sulfonylation of amines with their corresponding 17 mechanochemical alternatives. The selection of synthesis processes was preceded by a thorough literature review to ensure representative examples and reliable comparison of methods. The evaluation results clearly indicate the superiority of mechanochemistry, both in reducing environmental impact (greenness), and in overall potential (whiteness). The RGBsynt model might be considered as a simple and useful tool for evaluating synthesis methods, allowing comparison of various reactions based on empirical data.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 1102-1112"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc05097e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stijn Raiguel, Laura Van Bogaert, Tim Balcaen and Koen Binnemans
{"title":"Selective extraction of lithium over alkali and alkaline earth ions by synergistic solvent extraction†","authors":"Stijn Raiguel, Laura Van Bogaert, Tim Balcaen and Koen Binnemans","doi":"10.1039/D4GC04760E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4GC04760E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Direct lithium extraction (DLE) from natural surface and geothermal brines is very challenging due to the low ratio of lithium to other metals, and the lack of suitable materials that bind lithium with sufficiently high selectivity. In this paper, a synergistic solvent extraction system is described that comprises a liquid ion exchanger (saponified bis(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphoric acid) and a lithium-selective ligand (2,9-dibutyl-1,10-phenanthroline) in an aliphatic diluent. The extraction mechanism was investigated and was confirmed to involve the binding of lithium to the selective ligand, while the liquid ion exchanger facilitates the transfer of metal ions from the aqueous to the organic phase. The variables influencing the selectivity for lithium were also determined. The selectivity improved greatly in highly concentrated salt solutions with low concentrations of lithium, rendering the process ideal for the sequestration of lithium from natural brines. Stripping could be achieved with stoichiometric amounts of hydrochloric acid. Applying the system to a synthetic geothermal brine, an extraction percentage of 68% was obtained in a single stage, with separation factors of 620 ± 20 for lithium over sodium, 3100 ± 200 for lithium over potassium, 596 ± 9 for lithium over magnesium and 2290 ± 80 for lithium over calcium.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 1194-1205"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Chícharo, Sami Fadlallah, Giacomo Trapasso, Thomas Gherardi, Florent Allais and Fabio Aricò
{"title":"Exploring the versatility of novel furan-based α,ω-diene carbonate monomers: synthesis, (co-)polymerization, and comparative study†","authors":"Beatriz Chícharo, Sami Fadlallah, Giacomo Trapasso, Thomas Gherardi, Florent Allais and Fabio Aricò","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05132G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05132G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, a novel family of α,ω-diene carbonate monomers was synthesized <em>via</em> the alkoxy carbonylation reaction of bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) with dialkyl carbonates (DACs) of varying chain lengths, containing terminal olefins, in the presence of 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD). These monomers were then subjected to acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization with seven different ruthenium catalysts. The second-generation Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst proved to be the most effective, yielding furan-based polycarbonates with molecular weights (<em>M</em><small><sub>n</sub></small>) up to 19 kDa. The resulting bio-based polymers exhibited thermal degradation temperatures (<em>T</em><small><sub>d5%</sub></small>) ranging from 156 °C to 244 °C and glass transition temperatures (<em>T</em><small><sub>g</sub></small>) from −8 °C to −36 °C. NMR studies confirmed their polymeric structures and provided insights into the polymers organization, which influenced their properties. These novel polycarbonates were then compared to previously reported polyesters and polyethers derived from similar furan-based α,ω-diene monomers. Additionally, for the first time, co-polymerization studies were conducted on three families of furan-based α,ω-diene monomers—ester, ether, and carbonate—revealing the effect of incorporating different functional groups on the properties of the resulting materials. This unprecedented comparison and co-polymerization reactions highlight the versatility of furan-based monomers, but also underscores the possibility to expand their application in creating tailored bio-based materials for diverse applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 1214-1224"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc05132g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingjie Xu, Mengdi Zhang, Chao Qi, Yi Sun, Lijun Yang, Xin Gu, Yanpeng Li, Mingbo Wu, Bin Wang and Han Hu
{"title":"Laser-induced carbonization technology towards biomass-derived carbon materials: mechanism, preparation and application","authors":"Xingjie Xu, Mengdi Zhang, Chao Qi, Yi Sun, Lijun Yang, Xin Gu, Yanpeng Li, Mingbo Wu, Bin Wang and Han Hu","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05346J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05346J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Biomass is considered as a desirable carbon source due to its abundance, low cost, environmental friendliness and sustainability. The traditional preparation methods of biomass-derived carbon materials, typically in-furnace pyrolysis, involve tedious and energy-consuming processes and require harsh operation conditions. In contrast, laser-induced carbonization is a facile, environmentally friendly and high-efficiency technique that can create an instantaneous thermal shock process for the rapid conversion of biomass into carbon, enabling it to more easily possess unique active sites that play powerful roles in energy storage and conversion applications. Besides, the microstructure and composition of laser-induced biomass-derived carbon materials (LIBCs) can be precisely regulated by adjusting precursor types and laser processing parameters. In this review, the current developments on LIBCs are elaborated. The laser-induced carbonization mechanism is first introduced, and the effects of laser parameters including laser power, scanning speed, laser spot defocus, and atmosphere on the carbonization process are discussed. A special focus is put on the functionalization treatment of LIBCs, including the doping of heteroatoms as well as the incorporation of metals or metal compounds. The applications of LIBCs in the fields of micro-supercapacitors, batteries, electrocatalysis, sensors, and so on are highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of LIBCs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 959-981"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Anik Hasan, Rumana Hossain and Veena Sahajwalla
{"title":"Sustainable regeneration of cathode active materials from spent lithium-ion batteries by repurposing waste coffee powder†","authors":"Md. Anik Hasan, Rumana Hossain and Veena Sahajwalla","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05048G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05048G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >To develop sustainable recycling methods for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the use of renewable materials and minimizing energy consumption are essential. Here, we propose a biomass-based, energy-intensive reduction method to recover Li and Co from spent LIBs. Waste coffee powder was used as a biomass to provide carbon and reducing gas during the reduction process. During selective thermal transformation, the carbon and reducing gas derived from waste coffee powder converted the cathode material of LIBs LiCoO<small><sub>2</sub></small> into Li<small><sub>2</sub></small>CO<small><sub>3</sub></small> and Co/CoO, recovering 89.23% of Li and 93.27% of Co. Compared to the conventional carbothermic reduction process, this transformation occurred at a lower temperature (600 °C) due to the synergetic effect of reducing gas and carbon. Moreover, LiCoO<small><sub>2</sub></small> was regenerated from the recovered Li<small><sub>2</sub></small>CO<small><sub>3</sub></small> and Co/CoO, demonstrating excellent electrochemical performances in terms of charge–discharge capacity, cyclic performance, rate performance, EIS, and CV curve analysis. An EverBatt-based environmental and economic analysis shows that this reduction method reduces greenhouse gas (GHS) emissions and energy consumption, making it economically viable. Overall, this research offers an eco-friendly and energy-efficient method to recycle spent LIBs using waste biomass. Additionally, this study will contribute to achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 1073-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc05048g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Jiang, Chang Zou, Weihua Zhuang, Ran Li, Yufan Yang, Chengli Yang, Xuemei Xu, Limei Zhang, Xun He, Yongchao Yao, Xuping Sun and Wenchuang (Walter) Hu
{"title":"Asymmetric electrosynthesis: emerging catalytic strategies and mechanistic insights","authors":"Xin Jiang, Chang Zou, Weihua Zhuang, Ran Li, Yufan Yang, Chengli Yang, Xuemei Xu, Limei Zhang, Xun He, Yongchao Yao, Xuping Sun and Wenchuang (Walter) Hu","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05316H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05316H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Asymmetric electrosynthesis is an innovative approach that combines electrochemistry with asymmetric catalysis, enabling the selective synthesis of chiral molecules. Advancements in green chemistry have positioned asymmetric electrosynthesis as a powerful method for producing complex chiral compounds. In this process, factors such as current density, potential, and solvent are critical, but high selectivity largely relies on the synergistic interplay between electrode reactions and chiral catalysts. This review primarily focuses on recent developments in asymmetric electrosynthesis mediated by chiral catalysts and chiral electrodes. The section on chiral catalysts outlines the methods and mechanisms of asymmetric electrosynthesis using non-precious metal catalysts (Ni, Co, and Cu) and organic small molecule catalysts. The section on chiral electrodes discusses various strategies for achieving chiral synthesis on electrode surfaces. Finally, we summarize and compare the similarities and differences among the various catalytic methods, highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages while offering insights into future directions for development, including material innovation, mechanistic research, system design, and interdisciplinary collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 915-945"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuya Zhang, Yixin Zhao, Mingda Che, Renliang Huang, Mei Cui, Wei Qi and Rongxin Su
{"title":"Solvent-free preparation of propionyl-modified pulp fibers for high-density polyethylene reinforcement†","authors":"Shuya Zhang, Yixin Zhao, Mingda Che, Renliang Huang, Mei Cui, Wei Qi and Rongxin Su","doi":"10.1039/D4GC03885A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC03885A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >With the advancement of lightweight and high-strength fiber-reinforced composites, various chemical modification methods have been proposed to improve the compatibility between fiber and plastic matrix. Among these, acetic anhydride modification is particularly notable, but its low activity necessitates the use of hazardous agents and results in suboptimal mechanical properties after reinforcement. Herein, a solvent-free and recoverable esterification approach was developed to modify pulp fibers with propionic anhydride (PAF). Subsequently, the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was reinforced at multiple levels through capacity addition, filling, and premixing. The results showed that the optimal mechanical properties and minimum coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of HDPE/PAF composites were achieved at a DS value of 0.40. Compared to the unmodified fiber-reinforced composites, propionylation not only improved the discoloration of HDPE/PAF composites but also enhanced its hydrophobicity, as evidenced by an increase in the water contact angle from 89.2° to 103.4°. Moreover, compared to the neat HDPE, the tensile strength and modulus increased by a factor of 2.4 and 3.3, respectively, surpassing the improvements reported for other acid anhydride modifications. These findings indicated that the PAF could be uniformly dispersed in the HDPE matrix through a dual network structure. The successful attempts to reinforce other polyolefin matrices and achieve kilogram-scale production have demonstrated the practicality and feasibility of this approach for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 3","pages":" 782-792"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinliang Zhang, Yanlei Wang, Wenjia Guo, Rongrong Wang, Hao Li and Hongyan He
{"title":"Multi-functional polyelectrolyte materials in photothermal interfacial evaporation for clean water production","authors":"Jinliang Zhang, Yanlei Wang, Wenjia Guo, Rongrong Wang, Hao Li and Hongyan He","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05004E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05004E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Freshwater scarcity has become one of the major obstacles threatening human development, while renewable energy technologies represented by solar energy are emerging as promising green methods for producing freshwater. Solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology has garnered widespread attention due to its high water evaporation rate and low operational costs. Among numerous interfacial evaporation materials, polyelectrolyte materials (PEMs) exhibit excellent performance in saline water due to the abundant charged structure on their chains, enabling interactions with water and salt ions. This review highlights the unique ionic benefits of PEMs in interfacial evaporation processes. Firstly, the presence of ionic effects allows PEMs to no longer rely solely on capillary action, but instead leverage significant osmotic pressure advantages to enhance water transport. Secondly, in the long-term enhancement of salt tolerance, PEMs do not only depend on structural design but also utilize the Donnan effect, generated by unique ionic interactions, to slow down the crystallization and accumulation of salt ions during ion diffusion and migration. Moreover, due to the anti-polyelectrolyte effect involving salt ions, the ionic chain structure of PEMs generates more intermediate water with low evaporation enthalpy, significantly boosting the evaporation process. This mechanism plays a crucial role in evaporation operations in real water systems. Finally, the tunable ion types in PEMs further broaden their application prospects in interfacial evaporation processes. By adjusting different charged functional groups, PEMs exhibit excellent antibacterial and anti-fouling properties, along with outstanding mechanical performance. Overall, PEMs hold great potential for future applications in water purification <em>via</em> interfacial evaporation.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 4","pages":" 946-958"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linqi Cheng, Mengfan Li, Xupeng Zhang, Wanting Wang, Lina Zhao and Heng-Guo Wang
{"title":"Macromolecular electrolyte engineering for tuning Zn-ion solvation chemistry and boosting H+ storage toward stable aqueous zinc-organic batteries†","authors":"Linqi Cheng, Mengfan Li, Xupeng Zhang, Wanting Wang, Lina Zhao and Heng-Guo Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4GC05107F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05107F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Aqueous zinc-organic batteries (AZOBs) have attracted attention because they have the advantages of both organic batteries and aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Nevertheless, the hydrogen evolution reaction and the unrestrained growth of Zn dendrites still limit the further development of AZOBs. In this work, we demonstrate that the macromolecular electrolyte engineering using porphyrin derivatives with different peripheral substituents could not only restrain the solvation sheath of Zn<small><sup>2+</sup></small> and inhibit the parasitic reactions but also boost H<small><sup>+</sup></small> storage for AZOBs. Among various porphyrin derivatives, the tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (TPPS) additive has the ability to facilitate the formation of a Zn-porphyrin complex to promote uniform Zn<small><sup>2+</sup></small> deposition, resulting in superior Zn symmetric cells with longer cycling stability over 900 h and smaller overpotential of 35.3 mV. Furthermore, the full cell and pouch-type cell with quinone-fused aza-phenazine (QAP) cathode also exhibit impressive electrochemical performance. Even at different bending angles, the change in specific capacities of pouch-type cells is negligible. These findings furnish an advanced concept for the application of porphyrin derivatives as an additive for the further development of AZOBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 3","pages":" 660-669"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}