Green Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Mechanochemical nitration of arenes and alcohols using a bench-stable organic nitrating reagent†","authors":"Vasiliki Valsamidou, Subrata Patra, Besa Kadriu, Michel Gaspard Metzger, Ludovic Gremaud and Dmitry Katayev","doi":"10.1039/D5GC02232K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5GC02232K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The installation of a nitro group, essential for synthesizing valuable nitrated compounds, is traditionally associated with harsh reaction conditions, hazardous reagents, and significant environmental concerns. Recent advancements in sustainable nitration methodologies have led to the development of environmentally benign, mild, and non-acidic nitrating reagents, which are often derived from an organic scaffold and can be recycled after the completion of the process. In this study, we demonstrate the practical application of saccharin-derived reagents in mechanochemical electrophilic nitration, utilizing vibratory ball milling under LAG (Liquid-Assisted Grinding) conditions to efficiently functionalize a wide array of alcohols and arenes. This method decreases solvent usage while preserving high selectivity and reactivity, enhancing green chemistry metrics, and fostering greater sustainability in nitration protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7122-7128"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12132030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical looping hydrogen production from ammonia and water: materials and technoeconomics†","authors":"Amirmohammad Arjomand Kermani, Kyle Shank and Shang Zhai","doi":"10.1039/D5GC00236B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00236B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ammonia (NH<small>₃</small>) is a promising hydrogen carrier due to high hydrogen density and established infrastructure. We present a novel chemical looping process to produce H<small>₂</small> from NH<small>₃</small> oxidation and decomposition and from water splitting, integrating thermochemical redox looping and catalytic reaction. Unlike single-step catalytic NH<small>₃</small> decomposition, the looping configuration produces high purity H<small>₂</small> from the water splitting that significantly lowers separation energy and cost. FeO<small>_<em>x</em></small>/YSZ and Fe<small>_0.5</small>Co<small>_0.5</small>O<small>_<em>x</em></small>/YSZ were shown as durable dual-functional oxygen carriers and catalysts, achieving 95% and 99% NH<small>₃</small> conversion and 39% and 25% water splitting conversion, respectively. The materials’ redox capacities were explained by simultaneous Fe and Co redox reactions and solid-state phase transition between metal (alloy) and spinel. From 450 to 600 °C, Fe redox capacity increased, while Co redox capacity decreased. Kinetic limitations hindered full reduction of FeO<small>_<em>x</em></small>/YSZ to metallic Fe at 450 °C due to lack of the effective Co catalyst, while thermodynamic limitations prevented complete oxidation of Co metal in Fe<small>_0.5</small>Co<small>_0.5</small>O<small>_<em>x</em></small>/YSZ. Techno-economic analysis showed the looping process achieves 52% to 86% lower energy and equipment costs than single-step catalytic NH<small>₃</small> decomposition with different H<small>₂</small> separation methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7368-7379"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc00236b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NaBH4-assisted reconstruction of binary micro-domains on a Cu electrode for the selective production of green ammonia†","authors":"Jincheng Zhang, Chengyong Xing, Shanna An, Fanshi Meng, Zhanning Liu, Ruixiang Ge, Min Ma, Jiali Ren and Jian Tian","doi":"10.1039/D5GC02206A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC02206A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It is of both ecological and economic benefit to convert the pollutant nitrate (NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>) into valuable NH<small>₃</small><em>via</em> electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO<small>₃</small>RR) technology. Here, a grain-assembled Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu nanowires/copper foam (Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu NWs/CF) electrode for NO<small>₃</small>RR was developed <em>via</em> a NaBH<small>₄</small>-assisted reconstruction process. The optimized Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu NWs/CF showed a superb NH<small>₃</small> yield of 318.46 μmol h<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small> with a faradaic efficiency up to 98.53%, surpassing the performance of other Cu electrodes. The grain-assembled Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu NWs/CF with larger surface areas caused more NO<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small> to be further converted into NH<small>₃</small>, and thus, the selectivity toward NH<small>₃</small> remained near 100% in consecutive recycling. More importantly, <em>in situ</em> ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were executed for real-time tracking of the NO<small>₃</small>RR intermediates and for exploring the catalytic mechanism over the Cu electrode. The vital intermediate *NO, which is involved in the NH<small>₃</small> selectivity, was hydrogenated to form *NOH with a much lower Δ<em>G</em> at Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu sites (0.096 eV) than Cu–Cu<small>₂</small>O sites (0.617 eV). The Cu phase in the Cu<small>₂</small>O–Cu NWs/CF predominated in the NO<small>₃</small>RR, whereas Cu<small>₂</small>O phase favored the dissociation of H<small>₂</small>O into H* for deoxygenation and hydrogenation in NO<small>₃</small>RR. This work developed an advanced Cu electrode assembly for selective NH<small>₃</small> production and shed light on the tandem mechanism at binary domains in NO<small>₃</small>RR catalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7129-7136"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous choline acetate as reaction medium for the oxidation of kraft lignin with hydrogen peroxide†","authors":"Cosimo Annese, Michele Casiello, Caterina Fusco, Antonio Monopoli and Lucia D'Accolti","doi":"10.1039/D5GC00624D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00624D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recently, choline-based ionic liquids (ILs), a class of biocompatible ILs, have been successfully employed in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Nevertheless, their potential as solvents alternative to the more popular yet unfriendly imidazolium ILs in the oxidative depolymerization of lignin appears only marginally explored. In this study, aqueous cholinium acetate, [Ch][AcO], a readily available IL, was used as the reaction solvent for the oxidative depolymerization of Kraft lignin (KL) with H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>/MoO<small>₃</small>. Experimental optimization design was helpful to estimate optimal reaction parameters. Under reasonably mild conditions (H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> to KL weight ratio 0.33, 9.2% MoO<small>₃</small>, 8% NaOH, 77 °C, 5 h), KL could be converted to 37% of depolymerization oil (KL_Oil), containing nearly 2.5% of aromatic monomers (ArMo), of which vanillin is the most abundant (up to 67%, yield 1.64%), and to 55% of oxidized lignin (OKL) solid fraction. When increasing H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>/KL up to 1, ArMo yield decreased in favor of aliphatic acids (mainly, malonic acid), originating from ArMo over-oxidation, while OKL fraction enriched with carbonyl functional groups. Interestingly, in the absence of [Ch][AcO], lower ArMo yields (ArMo 1.68%) were observed, with vanillin selectivity dropping to 36% (yield 0.60%), hinting a possible stabilizing effect of the IL on reactive depolymerization intermediates and products. [Ch][AcO] could be regenerated, with &lt;3% mass loss and unaltered chemical structure, and recycled without significant changes in product yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7344-7356"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial synergy between <i>Rhodospirillum rubrum</i> and <i>Acetobacterium woodii</i> enables anaerobic CO conversion to polyhydroxyalkanoates.","authors":"Timon M Torres Ruano, Martijn Diender, Diana Z Sousa","doi":"10.1039/d5gc01092f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc01092f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high cost of traditional substrates has hindered the large-scale adoption of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as sustainable alternatives to petrochemical plastics. One-carbon (C1) substrates like carbon monoxide (CO) offer a low-cost, sustainable feedstock, but efficient biocatalytic systems for their conversion to PHAs have been lacking. Here, we report the first successful anaerobic production of PHAs from CO using a synthetic co-culture of <i>Rhodospirillum rubrum</i> and <i>Acetobacterium woodii</i>. In this system, <i>R. rubrum</i> catalyzes the water-gas shift reaction, converting CO into H₂ and CO₂. <i>A. woodii</i> subsequently transforms these products into acetate, serving as an organic carbon source for PHA accumulation by <i>R. rubrum</i>. Neither organism, in monoculture, was able to grow on CO alone, underscoring the importance of the microbial synergy. While continuous cultivation in chemostats proved unstable, fed-batch cultivation achieved a PHA production rate of 58 ± 11 mg L_medium ^-1 day^-1 with a final PHA content of 38 ± 5% (dry weight). This study introduces a pioneering anaerobic route for PHA synthesis from CO, representing a significant advance toward sustainable PHA production from C1 substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shedding light on covalent organic framework photocatalysts: concept, design strategies, and applications-a review","authors":"Irshad Ahamd, Gao Li, Marwan M. Abduljawad, Mohammed Qasem Alfaifi, Yousef I. Alrashed and Fahad M. Albaqi","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01774B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01774B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant attention as photocatalysts due to their high crystallinity, tunable porosity, and exceptional optoelectronic properties, particularly their ability to absorb a broad range of visible light. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent advancements in COF-based photocatalysts for solar energy conversion and environmental remediation. Fundamental benefits, including COF crystalline frameworks, effective light absorption, structural properties, charge carrier separation, and transport, chemical stability, tunable porosity are systematically discussed. The role of different linker chemistries, various morphologies and their influence on photocatalytic efficiency is discussed. Additionally, excellent design strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of COFs, such as donor–acceptor interaction, functional group modifications, doping, and heterojunction formation are thoroughly examined. The applications of COF-based photocatalysts are explored in depth, covering water splitting for hydrogen production, CO<small>₂</small> reduction, and the degradation of environmental pollutants. Finally, the review provides insights into challenges and emerging opportunities to inspire further innovation and accelerate the development of COF-based materials for sustainable solar energy conversion and environmental remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7042-7081"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hydrogen economy fairytale†","authors":"Tycho Ehrhardt and Gadi Rothenberg","doi":"10.1039/D5GC00946D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00946D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We present a quantitative and realistic analysis of the current situation of hydrogen production worldwide. Subsequently, we calculate the thresholds needed for applying so-called “green hydrogen” as an energy carrier on a scale that would make a sizeable change in the world energy market. Using a simple back-of-the-envelope calculation, we show that green hydrogen cannot account for even 10% of the world energy demand by 2050. Considering also the time and investment required for building a worldwide green hydrogen infrastructure, we conclude that the hydrogen economy narrative, while elegant and desirable, has no basis in reality in the 21<small>^st</small> century.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 23","pages":" 6690-6698"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc00946d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-upcycling of mixed polypropylene and polyesters†","authors":"Xiangyue Wei, Qiang Zhang, Chengfeng Shen, Pengbo Ye, Jiaying Xu, Xuehui Liu, Zhishan Su, Shimei Xu and Yu-Zhong Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5GC00561B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00561B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Mixed plastic waste management has long been a major challenge owing to complex compositions of plastic wastes and high sorting costs. Pyrolysis is the widely adopted method, but the requirement for constant high temperatures and the presence of oxygen element in polyester-containing mixed plastics often lead to low selectivity in the pyrolysis products. Herein, we developed a heating system that generated instantaneous temperature gradient heating (ITGH) to simultaneously achieve high efficiency and selectivity during the treatment of mixed polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate (PP/PET) plastic wastes. This ITGH system exhibited remarkably rapid rates of heating and cooling, resulting in a temperature gradient over time. It effectively inhibited the occurrence of side reactions, which always occur under continuous heating and prolonged duration, and thus improved the selectivity for the ester thermal elimination of PET with a structure retention rate of 99% for monomer terephthalic acid (TPA). Moreover, it made the reaction highly efficient, and the degradation of mixed PP/PET plastic waste was achieved in just 5 min at 80 °C. This approach can be applied to other polyester-containing mixed plastic wastes and commercial plastics/textiles. It effectively resolves the issue of oxygen element interference in pyrolysis and promotes the sustainable management of mixed plastic wastes.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7220-7228"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanochemical approach to polymer-functionalized black phosphorus nanomaterials for precious metal recovery†","authors":"Obida Bawadkji, Peng Tang, Christian Müller and Rainer Haag","doi":"10.1039/D5GC00274E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC00274E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Rapid and sustainable methods for precious metal recovery are urgently needed to support circular economy initiatives. Herein, we introduce a one-pot mechanochemical route to synthesize a black phosphorus–polyglycerol (BP–PG) nanohybrid with enhanced interfacial reactivity for selective gold ion reduction. The process transforms inexpensive red phosphorus directly into amorphous BP and, subsequently, into BP–PG <em>via</em> planetary ball milling, thereby eliminating high temperatures, extended reaction times, and toxic solvents commonly used in conventional functionalized-BP nanomaterial syntheses. This “grafting-from” polymerization of glycidol onto BP yields a uniform, hydrophilic hybrid that can rapidly and selectively reduce gold ions to stabilized gold nanoparticles. Notably, BP–PG recovers more than three times its own weight in gold, far surpassing previously reported materials, while leveraging a scalable, cost-effective, and green production method. These findings underscore the critical role of synthetic strategy and material architecture in achieving high-performance nanohybrids, offering promising opportunities for precious metal recovery and broader interface-driven applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 23","pages":" 6813-6824"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d5gc00274e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical vicinal amidoselenation of unactivated olefins via a tandem Ritter reaction†","authors":"Wei Xu, Nana Zhang, Chenyu Li, Haodong Ma, Bin Wang, Ziren Chen, Yu Xia, Shaofeng Wu, Weiwei Jin, Penji Yan, Chenjiang Liu and Yonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5GC01259G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01259G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A straightforward strategy for the electrochemical vicinal amidoselenation of unactivated olefins <em>via</em> a tandem Ritter reaction was developed. The reaction was carried out with diaryl diselenides as selenylation reagents and acetonitrile as a nucleophile. Various amidoselenation products can be afforded from unactivated olefins under mild and metal- and oxidant-free electrochemical conditions. This strategy features a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, scale-up synthesis, simple operation and mild reaction conditions. Detailed mechanistic insights and DFT calculations provided strong support for the tandem radical selenylation/oxidative Ritter reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 24","pages":" 7114-7121"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}