Environmental Science: Nano最新文献

{"title":"Nanoscale phosphorus-based agrochemicals enhance tomato and rice growth via positively modulating the growth-associated gene expression and endophytic microbial community","authors":"Mengchen Tian, Zihao Zhao, Qingqing Li, Zeyu Cai, Shuai Wang, Chuanxin Ma, Weili Jia, Xinxin Xu, Anqi Liang, Jason C. White, Baoshan Xing","doi":"10.1039/d5en00140d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00140d","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) has attracted increasing attention as a potential novel fertilizer. The present study investigated the effects of root exposure to nHAs (20 nm-nHA, 60 nm-nHA, 1% Cu-nHA, and 10% Cu-nHA) at 50 mg/kg on the growth and development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings for 50 days. Compared with the control, different types of 50 mg/kg nHA increased the biomass of seedlings by 10.7%-30.9%; for example, 20 nHA significantly increased the fresh weight of the two plant species by 17.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Additionally, 20 nm-nHA and 1% Cu-nHA altered the diversity of plant endophytic microbial communities and increased the abundance of plant-associated beneficial microorganisms, including Glomeromycotina, Funneliformis, and Blastocladiomycota. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that 20 nm-nHA and 1%Cu-nHA induced transcriptional reprogramming in exposed seedlings. KEGG pathway analysis shows that root exposure to 20 nm-nHA and 1% Cu-nHA promoted plant hormone signal transduction pathways in both tomato and rice roots; and, 1% Cu-nHA promoted photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism. Overall, this work demonstrates that root exposure to 50 mg/kg 20 nm-nHA significantly improves crop growth, and provides valuable insight into the development of novel nanoscale phosphorus fertilizers as a sustainable path for precision agriculture.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Actinide Pre-concentration Potential and Unique α-Scintillation Properties of Inorganic Nanotubes - Polyethersulfone Membrane Composite: A Viable Sensing Platform for Environmental Nuclear Forensics","authors":"Sabyasachi Patra, Satyam Kumar, Jitendra Bahadur, Debasis Sen, Rahul Tripathi","doi":"10.1039/d4en01159g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01159g","url":null,"abstract":"Radiometric assay of environmental samples has become an indispensable tool for nuclear safeguards and security. In spite of the availability of different radiometric techniques, the limiting factor today is the dearth of efficient separation materials to prepare samples for radiometric analysis directly from environmental samples. We herein demonstrate the potential of methyl functionalized aluminosilicate nanotubes (commonly known as methyl imogolite or Imo-CH3) for sequestering uranium and plutonium ions by arresting them from dilute aqueous solution in the form of insoluble hydroxides at alkaline condition, which subsequently form an optically transparent thin film on microporous PES membrane upon syringe filtration. Contrary to the individual counterparts, the PES-Imo-CH3 composite has been found to show a unique α-scintillation property in the presence of the arrested actinides, which has been used for gross α-radioactivity estimation at sub-Becquerel levels with a limit of detection 2.5 mBq.mL-1. The interaction and energy loss characteristics of α-particles in the PES-Imo-CH3 composite has been simulated by Monte Carlo method, which suggests the observed scintillation to be a result of indirect excitation of the Imo-CH3 nanotubes via a non-radiative energy transfer pathway. The PES-Imo-CH3 composite, used for gross scintillation counting, has also been demonstrated as a potential α-spectrometry platform, thus reducing the sample preparation steps and minimizing the nuclear forensic analysis timeline. The actinide sequestration efficiency of the nanotubes has been found to be 97.2 ± 1.2% for U and 99.5 ± 8.2% for Pu within the studied range of radioactivity concentrations with negligible selectivity between actinide elements, making it particularly unique for nuclear forensic applications where preserving the isotopic and elemental ratio is a key requirement.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced mineral carbonation on surface functionalized MgO as a Proxy for mine tailings","authors":"Rajeev Kumar Rai, Rui Serra-Maia, Yingjie Shi, Peter Psarras, Aleksandra Vojvodic, Eric A Stach","doi":"10.1039/d4en00940a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00940a","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating demands of industrialization and development underscore the necessity for an efficient and scalable Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) methodology. Mineral carbonation of MgO presents itself as a promising solution due to its considerable theoretical capacity for CO<small>₂</small> adsorption. However, the sluggish kinetics of the carbonation process pose a significant challenge. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the structural and chemical alterations occurring during carbonation is imperative for material design. In this study, we conduct a thorough structural and chemical investigation of the MgO (sourced from different mine tailings) carbonation process using electron microscopic techniques. Our findings demonstrate that treating MgO with polar solvents enhances its degree of carbonation significantly, offering a promising avenue for improvement. Moreover, we observe a particle size dependency in MgO carbonation and note that the inclusion of additional materials, such as Si-based compounds, further accelerates the carbonation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide insight into surface functionalization as a result of solvent treatment and its mechanistic effect on the origin of the enhanced carbonation of polar solvent-treated MgO, revealing a stronger interaction between CO<small>₂</small> and the treated MgO (100) surface as compared to the non-polar solvent treated surfaces. These discoveries showcase an alternative approach for enhancing MgO carbonation, thereby offering a potential method for sequestering atmospheric CO<small>₂</small> more effectively using mine waste rich in MgO.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Up-cycling of waste A4 papers into CaCO3/biochar nanocomposite for wastewater purification: Efficiency, mechanism and biotoxicity evaluation","authors":"Shun Ding, Haoqi Wang, Chunhong Zhou, Yanlan Wang, Xiang Liu","doi":"10.1039/d5en00072f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00072f","url":null,"abstract":"Waste A4 paper, which was mainly composed of cellulose, was a renewable, low-cost and easily accessible material. Converting waste papers into carbon-based catalyst is a green and sustainable way to recycle waste paper. Herein, we reported a strategy of treating waste with waste to synthesize calcium carbonate/biochar nanocomposite (CCBN), from the hydrothermal method and calcination of waste A4 paper, as a high-efficiency nanocatalyst in activating PMS for the treatment of antibiotics wastewater. Fully physical characterizations confirmed that waste A4 paper was successfully converted into calcium carbonate/biochar nanocomposite (CCBN) with a structure of porous biochar at 400 oC calcination. CCBN-400 was composed of biochar and CaCO3, which was favor of PMS activation. The quenching tests, electrochemical analysis and EPR analysis suggested that 1O2 and e- were the primary active species in the CCBN-400/PMS system. Moreover, the germination experiment suggested that bio-toxicity of tetracycline to wheat seeds was significantly decreased by treatment of CCBN-400/PMS system. Here we successfully up-cycled waste A4 paper into carbon-based catalyst for water decontamination.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-targeted lipidomics reveals the distinct metabolic mechanisms of nZnO and Zn ions in fish liver","authors":"Shuoli Ma, Wen-Xiong Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5en00160a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00160a","url":null,"abstract":"The toxicity of environmental pollutants is often manifested through metabolic disruptions and damage to detoxification organs. However, current understanding is insufficient to explain the physiological response mechanisms of metabolically abnormal fish exposed to secondary pollutants in complex natural environments. This study established a fish model with non-alcoholic fatty liver to evaluate the effects of Zn oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) and Zn²⁺ on physiological metabolism using untargeted lipidomics and bioimaging techniques. Nile red and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining indicated that increased Zn levels reduced the number of lipid droplets (LDs) and hepatocyte vacuolization in the livers of groupers. Non-targeted lipidomics, employing an unsupervised K-means clustering algorithm, identified key lipid profiles that differentiated the effects of nZnO and Zn, including TG (16:0/16:1/18:1), PC (18:2/22:6), TG (18:2/18:2/22:6), SM (d18:1/24:1), and TG (16:1/18:1/18:2). The increased content of SM (d18:1/24:0) indicated that fish liver cells internalized nZnO via lipid raft structures on the cell membrane, a process distinct from Zn ion uptake. Moreover, nZnO/Zn treatments significantly activated lipolysis regulation in fish liver experiencing oxidative stress. This study contributed to the use of non-targeted lipidomics to identify differential biomarkers of nZnO and Zn, as well as their compensatory mechanisms in metabolically abnormal fish. These findings provide novel insights into the effects of nanometal exposure on aquatic animal health in complex environments.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Fabrication of Phosphazene-based Porous Organic Materials for Iodine Adsorption","authors":"Yichao Wu, Qianyi Zuo, Tao Jiang, Zilong Wang, Jia Hong Pan, Zhuoyu Ji","doi":"10.1039/d5en00136f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00136f","url":null,"abstract":"Iodine plays a critical role in nuclear industries, medicine, and environmental monitoring, often occurring in trace amounts in wastewater and contaminated environments. Despite the exploration of various adsorbents for iodine capture, many exhibit limitations such as low adsorption capacities, poor performance, and limited reusability. Therefore, novel materials with enhanced iodine extraction capabilities are needed. Polymer-based adsorbents offer substantial promise due to their unique chemical structures and rich functional groups. Via nucleophilic substitution of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) with various amines, five polyphosphazene polymers—PDD-HCCP, BDP-HCCP, BDD-HCCP, TAPA-HCCP, and TAPDA-HCCP—were synthesized in this study.. These polymers exhibited excellent iodine adsorption capacity, with TAPDA-HCCP achieving the highest theoretical capacity in both iodine vapor and aqueous phases (I₂: 7.83 g·g⁻¹, CH₃I: 1.26 g·g⁻¹, Iodine water: 3.69 g·g⁻¹, iodine cyclohexane: 1.15 g·g⁻¹). In aqueous iodine adsorption experiments, the kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemical adsorption as the dominant mechanism. Specifically, equilibrium was reached within 240 min, with PDD-HCCP and TAPDA-HCCP achieving iodine removal efficiencies greater than 90%. The adsorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir model, suggesting monolayer adsorption. FT-IR and XPS analyses confirmed that the -NH, P=N-P, and sp³ N groups play a crucial role in forming charge-transfer complexes with iodine. These results highlight the potential of polyphosphazene-based adsorbents for efficient iodine capture in environmental applications.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomaterials ROS: A Comprehensive Review for Environmental Applications","authors":"Vishakha Takhar, Simranjit Singh","doi":"10.1039/d5en00049a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00049a","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials have garnered significant attention for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), offering transformative solutions for environmental remediation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and recent advancements in ROS generation mechanisms catalyzed by advanced nanostructures, including metal oxides, two-dimensional materials, perovskites, and hybrid composites. Key applications, such as wastewater purification, air purification, and degradation of persistent pollutants, are explored, demonstrating the unparalleled potential of these materials in addressing pressing environmental challenges. Techniques for detecting ROS, such as electron spin resonance (ESR), fluorescence probes, and spectrophotometry, are critically reviewed, highlighting their role in evaluating catalytic efficiency and understanding ROS dynamics. Special attention is given to design innovations, including heterojunction engineering and upconversion-based systems, which enhance light absorption, charge separation, and catalytic activity across the spectrum. Despite substantial progress, challenges such as scalability, long-term stability, cost-efficiency, and environmental compatibility persist. To address these issues, the review emphasizes the importance of green synthesis approaches and lifecycle assessments as pivotal strategies for future development. By synthesizing state-of-the-art advancements and identifying key research gaps, this review underscores the potential of nanomaterials to revolutionize ROS-mediated environmental remediation while setting a roadmap for sustainable innovation.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil species sensitivity distributions for terrestrial risk assessment of silver nanomaterials: the influence of nanomaterial characteristics and soil type","authors":"Sarah L. Roberts, Elise Morel, Richard K. Cross, David J. Spurgeon, Marta Baccaro, Elma Lahive","doi":"10.1039/d4en01102c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01102c","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanomaterials (AgNMs) are released into the soil through various anthropogenic activities, including as biocides and in biosolid amendments. There is an abundance of toxicity data available for AgNMs and soil organisms, yet the assessment of their ecological risk and the influence of NM characteristics and exposure conditions on AgNM hazard in soils are not well elucidated. In this study, available soil ecotoxicology data for AgNMs and other Ag forms were collated from literature into a database. Using this database, species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) for soil biota were constructed. From these SSDs we calculated hazard concentrations for 50% of species (HC<small>₅₀</small>) that would allow us to robustly compare effects on soil organisms soil or liquid media and to assess relationships to NM properties (coating) and major soil properties. For all AgNMs, the calculated HC<small>₅₀</small> value was 3.09 (1.74–5.21) mg kg<small>⁻¹</small> for studies conducted with soil dwelling species in soils and 0.70 (0.32–1.64) mg L<small>⁻¹</small> for liquid exposures. In comparison, the HC<small>₅₀</small> value for Ag salt (silver nitrate, AgNO<small>₃</small>) was 2.74 (1.22–5.23) mg kg<small>⁻¹</small> for soil and 0.01 (0.01–0.03) mg L<small>⁻¹</small> for liquid-based exposures. At a detailed level, the Ag salt was more toxic than the NMs across most soil species and endpoints. Further analyses indicated that both NM surface coating and soil type influence AgNM toxicity. In soil exposures SSDs indicated similar effects across differently coated NM forms, however, in liquid-based assays both uncoated and PVP-coated AgNMs were more toxic to soil tested organisms than citrate-coated AgNMs. Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic carbon (OC) also influenced AgNM toxicity, with AgNMs being more toxic in soils with higher CEC and lower OC. Our study provides a data resource of toxicity data for soil species and the first hazard thresholds for risk assessment of AgNMs in soils and provides new insights into the factors driving AgNM hazard for soils species.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omics approaches in environmental effect assessment of engineered nanomaterials and nanoplastics","authors":"Alla Khosrovyan, Maša Vodovnik, Monika Mortimer","doi":"10.1039/d4en01169d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01169d","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the increasing application of omics technologies, such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, in chemical safety evaluations and interest in using these advanced tools for regulatory toxicity testing, this review critically discusses the findings from omics studies involving engineered nanomaterials and nanoplastics in aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, unicellular organisms (cyanobacteria, fungi, microalgae and protozoa), aquatic vertebrates (fish) and crop plants. The studies published over the past nine years were analyzed based on the nanomaterial types, organism groups, and the omics approaches used, with a focus on extracting information about toxicity mechanisms. Many of these studies highlighted the role of dissolved metal ions in the toxicity of soluble metal NPs such as Ag, ZnO, Cu- and Fe-based NPs. The results generally indicate that these NPs and respective released metal ions perturb different molecular pathways, particularly in the organisms or cells that internalize NPs by endocytic mechanisms. In contrast, non-soluble metal NPs (TiO2, CeO2, and SiO2 NPs) have proven relatively less acutely ecotoxic, but omics studies have revealed molecular pathway modulations, initiated by membrane interactions and cellular internalization. Overall, a common outcome of exposure to metal-based NPs is the disruption of energy metabolism. On the other hand, polymeric NPs, such as nanoplastics (primarily polystyrene NPs) tend to induce molecular-level events mainly by inducing oxidative stress. While a substantial amount of mechanistic data related to environmental nanotoxicity has been generated using omics methods, adverse outcome pathways (AOP) in ecotoxicology model organisms have only been proposed for Ag and polystyrene NPs. This indicates that New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) hold great potential for the safety assessment of nanomaterials in the environment, yet this potential has not been fully realized.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing crop yields and quality of agricultural products: research progress in nanofertilizer applications","authors":"Qian Qin, Quanlong Wang, Yuhao Chen, Yuying Tang, Yanru Ding, Yukui Rui","doi":"10.1039/d5en00075k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00075k","url":null,"abstract":"With a growing population demanding better nutrition and living standards, the quality and safety of agricultural outputs are under close watch. However, farming faces challenges from environmental stress and diseases that reduce crop quality and quantity. Traditional methods, such as pesticides and fertilizers, though effective in boosting crop yields, can harm the environment and leave residues. Nanotechnology is presently being investigated in agriculture to overcome these challenges, as nano-fertilizers can release nutrients gradually over a longer period of time, minimizing nutrient loss and enhancing crop uptake efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive synthesis and analysis of the impact of nanofertilizers on crop yield and nutritional quality, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their effects on crops. This analysis aims to provide insights into the revolutionary potential of nanofertilizers in improving crop yields by examining the subtle interplay between nanotechnology and agricultural practices while ensuring the safety and nutritional integrity of agricultural output.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}