The Science of Nature最新文献

Seasonal phenology and pollinator similarity of two species of Hohenbergia Schult. & Schult.f. (Bromelioideae: Bromeliaceae) in distinct Atlantic Forest fragments 两种黄连属植物的季节物候特征及传粉者相似性。& Schult.f。（凤梨亚科：凤梨科）在明显的大西洋森林碎片

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01992-2

Tiago Abreu da Silva, Adelly Cardoso de Araujo Fagundes, Gleice Quelle Silva dos Santos Nascimento, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme Aona, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho Costa, Everton Hilo de Souza

{"title":"Seasonal phenology and pollinator similarity of two species of Hohenbergia Schult. & Schult.f. (Bromelioideae: Bromeliaceae) in distinct Atlantic Forest fragments","authors":"Tiago Abreu da Silva, Adelly Cardoso de Araujo Fagundes, Gleice Quelle Silva dos Santos Nascimento, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme Aona, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho Costa, Everton Hilo de Souza","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01992-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01992-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Evaluations of vegetative and reproductive phenology have yielded significant insights into how biotic and abiotic factors affect the phenological rhythms of plants and the impact of climate change on ecosystems. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenological patterns of vegetative growth, flowering, and fruiting of H. amargosensis and H. stellata in Atlantic Forest fragments, analyzing their relationships with climatic variables and pollinators. Periodic visits were made to the forest fragments where H. amargosensis and H. stellata are found to observe the development of the plants at each development stage. Hohenbergia amargosensis flowered every two years (supra-annual flowering), while H. stellata did so annually. Both species reproduced both asexually and sexually, and their phenophases were seasonal, except for the emission of young leaves by H. stellata. Eight pollinator species and two robbers were recorded in H. amargosensis, while four pollinator species and one robber were recorded in H. stellata. The main pollinating agents were hummingbirds (Trochilidae) and bees (Apidae). The data obtained on the phenology aspects of Hohenbergia species and their pollinators are important to support studies aiming the conservation of these species.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical distribution characteristics and influencing factors of bacterial communities in a sediment profile of Bohai Sea 渤海沉积物剖面细菌群落垂直分布特征及影响因素

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01989-x

Sedan Tan, Tianjiao Zhang, Zongyu Zou, Zhongkang Yang

{"title":"Vertical distribution characteristics and influencing factors of bacterial communities in a sediment profile of Bohai Sea","authors":"Sedan Tan, Tianjiao Zhang, Zongyu Zou, Zhongkang Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01989-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01989-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Research on the diversity of bacterial communities and their influencing factors in the sediments of the Bohai Sea remains limited. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the vertical distribution characteristics and influencing factors (depth, heavy metals, and nutrients) of bacterial communities in sediment core B18 from the Bohai Sea. Our results indicated that the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota, with Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Anaerolineae, Thermoanaerobaculia, and Desulfobulbia as the dominant classes. Depth exerted a pronounced influence on bacterial community diversities, with bacterial communities (excluding Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Verrucomicrobiota) displaying a positive correlation with depth. Anaerobic bacteria like Desulfobacterota and Chloroflexi were more prevalent in the deeper sediment layers. In contrast, most bacterial communities exhibited a negative relationship with heavy metal concentrations. Notably, As, Pb, and Cd contents exhibited relatively high levels of pollution and had a considerably negative effect on bacterial diversity. Bacterial communities with adaptability to heavy metals (such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobiota) demonstrated a competitive advantage in the Bohai Sea sediment bacterial community compositions. Meanwhile, bacterial communities related to nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycling (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Verrucomicrobiota) were relatively abundant. This study offers valuable insights into the diversity and compositions of bacterial communities in the Bohai Sea sediment profile by elucidating the vertical distribution and influencing factors of sediment bacterial communities.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bony injuries in a Late Triassic forerunner of mammals from Brazil 巴西晚三叠世哺乳动物祖先的骨损伤

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01984-2

Ana Laura Doneda, Lívia Roese–Miron, Leonardo Kerber

引用次数: 0

Peculiar structural features of midgut symbiotic organ in the early development of the stinkbug Plautia stali Scott, 1874 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) 臭虫Plautia stali Scott， 1874早期发育中肠道共生器官的特殊结构特征（半翅目：蝽科）

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01986-0

Toshiyuki Harumoto, Minoru Moriyama, Takema Fukatsu

{"title":"Peculiar structural features of midgut symbiotic organ in the early development of the stinkbug Plautia stali Scott, 1874 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)","authors":"Toshiyuki Harumoto, Minoru Moriyama, Takema Fukatsu","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01986-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01986-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Many insects have symbiotic microorganisms within their body. Such microbial symbiosis underpins the survival and prosperity of insects through multiple means. The brown-winged green stinkbug Plautia stali, which is notorious as an agricultural pest and utilized as an experimental model insect, harbors a bacterial symbiont Pantoea in a posterior part of the midgut, which is essential for the host’s development and reproduction. From both basic and applied research perspectives, it is important to investigate the mechanistic bases underpinning the insect-microbe symbiotic association. Here, we performed detailed electron and optical microscopic analyses of the early nymphal midguts to reveal the type of cellular structure and property that orchestrates the symbiont colonization in the restricted part of the midgut. We identified two peculiar structural features of the nymphal midgut that develop in a region-restricted manner: long and heterogenous cellular protrusions (microvilli) solely emerged in the midgut symbiotic region and highly developed circular muscle cell layers specifically observed in the junction of non-symbiotic and symbiotic regions of the midgut. We discuss the potential roles of these unique structures in the midgut bacterial symbiosis.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three new species from the Middle Jurassic of China provide insights on wing spots diversity of Bittacidae (Insecta: Mecoptera) 中国中侏罗统三新种对双翅目翅斑多样性的启示（昆虫亚目：翅翅目）

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01985-1

Jiamiao Yu, Jinyu Wang, Yanjie Zhang, Chungkun Shih, Dong Ren, Xiaodan Lin, Hongru Yang

引用次数: 0

Many problems for a solo mother: maternal care efficiency of the ghost spider of new genus Eldar (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Anyphaeninae) against new species Pseudogaurax Malloch (Diptera: Chloropidae) 孤母的诸多问题：灵蛛新属鬼蛛（蜘蛛目：麻蛛科，麻蛛科）对麻蛛新种（双翅目：绿蛛科）的护母效率

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01982-4

German Antonio Villanueva-Bonilla, Luiz Fernando Moura de Oliveira, Antonio Domingos Brescovit, Paula Raile Riccardi, Lílian de Andrade Santiago, João Vasconcellos-Neto

{"title":"Many problems for a solo mother: maternal care efficiency of the ghost spider of new genus Eldar (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Anyphaeninae) against new species Pseudogaurax Malloch (Diptera: Chloropidae)","authors":"German Antonio Villanueva-Bonilla, Luiz Fernando Moura de Oliveira, Antonio Domingos Brescovit, Paula Raile Riccardi, Lílian de Andrade Santiago, João Vasconcellos-Neto","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01982-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01982-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Parental care in nature can present itself in different forms and vary in intensities and strategies, being maternal care one of the widely observed patterns in animals. In spiders, parental investment is carried out mainly by females. Despite this, newly hatched eggs can still be targets of a series of natural enemies. In a remnant of Atlantic Forest in Brazil, females of the spider Eldar galadrielae sp. nov., family Anyphaenidae, build nests at the forest’s edge by folding plant leaves. However, information about the plants chosen for nest, the importance of maternal care by females in offspring survival, and predators are completely unknown. In this study, we (1) presented new information about the nest built by females of Eldar galadrielae sp. nov.; (2) compared the predation rate on eggs of the spider Eldar galadrielae in nests with and without the presence of the female; (3) provided morphological descriptions and distribution maps to the genus Eldar gen. nov. as well as presenting; and (4) the described Pseudogaurax vasconcellosi sp. nov. as the predator of the spider eggs. This is the first report on an interaction between Pseudogaurax flies and Anyphaenidae spiders. Our results support predation rates higher in female-less Eldar galadrielae sp. nov. nests. Although egg consumption was 100% in nests attacked by flies, overall nest predation rate was low, as flies were only recorded in three of the 12 nests that maintained female care, indicating that active protection of egg sacs by females can increase the offspring’s chances of survival.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the potential of essential oils against airborne fungi from cultural heritage conservation premises 探索精油对文物保护场所空气传播真菌的潜在作用

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01983-3

Željko Savković, Ana Džamić, Jovana Veselinović, Milica Ljaljević Grbić, Miloš Stupar

{"title":"Exploring the potential of essential oils against airborne fungi from cultural heritage conservation premises","authors":"Željko Savković, Ana Džamić, Jovana Veselinović, Milica Ljaljević Grbić, Miloš Stupar","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01983-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01983-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The activity of six essential oils was investigated against eight fungal isolates (four Aspergillus and four Penicillium species) isolated from cultural heritage conservation premises in Serbia. To analyze the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed. The antifungal activity of selected EOs was investigated using microdilution and microatmosphere methods while the commercial biocide benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was used as a control. Furthermore, molecular docking was used as an efficacious in silico method for the determination of interaction between dominant EO compounds and enzyme CYP51, essential for fungal ergosterol synthesis. It was demonstrated that BAC, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Gaultheria procumbens EOs had the strongest antifungal activity, which is in concordance with the results of molecular docking. Namely, the highest energy of enzyme–cofactor interaction was obtained for eugenol (the dominant component of Syzygium aromaticum and C. zeylanicum EOs). Moreover, it was found that the most resistant fungal isolates were A. flavus and A. niger, while A. sydowii and P. citrinum were the most susceptible. The results of our study point to the possibility of using studied environmentally friendly biocides of biological origin for the preservation of historical monuments and artifacts.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Craniofacial lesions in the earliest predatory dinosaurs indicate intraspecific agonistic behaviour at the dawn of the dinosaur era 最早的掠食性恐龙的颅面损伤表明恐龙时代初期的种内竞争行为

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01978-0

Mauricio S. Garcia, Ricardo N. Martínez, Rodrigo T. Müller

引用次数: 0

Rapid decline of male honey bees in summer: the potential impact of Japanese barn swallows on high male loss 雄性蜜蜂在夏季迅速减少：日本仓燕对雄性高损失的潜在影响

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01979-z

Shinya Hayashi, Takeyuki Suematsu, Tsunao Itoh

{"title":"Rapid decline of male honey bees in summer: the potential impact of Japanese barn swallows on high male loss","authors":"Shinya Hayashi, Takeyuki Suematsu, Tsunao Itoh","doi":"10.1007/s00114-025-01979-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-025-01979-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Given the population size of eusocial hymenopteran insects, particular emphasis is placed on evaluating the number of reproductive female individuals (queen). However, male production also accounts for a substantial part of the reproductive output of a colony. The number of breeding males in the mating population plays a vital role in the health of a colony and, ultimately, a population size by influencing the mating status of the queen. The lifespan of male honey bees (Apis mellifera) varies considerably, influencing their dynamics in a population. However, studies on the factors that cause male mortality are limited. This study evaluated the cohort survival of male honey bees and the relationship between the activity of males and Japanese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica gutturalis), a potential predator that significantly influences male honey bee survival. The majority of male loss in colonies was observed around the ages when flight was first initiated, particularly in the summer. Swallows frequently visited the apiary in the afternoon and preyed on the bees. The daily activity of swallows was closely linked to the activity of male honey bees, which was high in the summer. A hazard model analysis revealed that the risk of male honey bee loss increased by approximately 40% with an increasing number of swallows. The observed significant relationship between swallows and males presents the possibility that swallows are key factors causing the high loss of males during summer.</div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Release of ice-nucleating particles from leaves during rainfall 降雨时树叶释放的冰核颗粒

IF 2.1 3区生物学

The Science of Nature Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-025-01980-6

Franz Conen, Annika Einbock

引用次数: 0