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The Lushanmao site and the formation of the Xitu type architectural tradition 鲁山茅店遗址与西土司式建筑传统的形成
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0009
Tianyi Wang
{"title":"The Lushanmao site and the formation of the Xitu type architectural tradition","authors":"Tianyi Wang","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large courtyard complexes in the pre-Qin times can be divided into two systems: the Xitu (northwest China) type and the Central Plains type. The former is characterized by the rammed earth construction and prevailed in the Loess Plateau; by contrast, the latter was well-known for the wattle-and-daub technology and widespread in the Central Plains and surrounding regions. The archaeological discoveries at Lushanmao suggest that the Xitu-type courtyard complexes were in use no later than the late Longshan period and lasted for nearly two thousand years. Both the two systems may have their origin in the late Yangshao period. The Xitu type indicates the influence of South China while the Central Plains type was formed due to a combination of the changes in climate, environment, and resources. Courtyard complexes underwent two major shifts during the early and late Western Zhou, suggesting the major changes in political strategies employed by the Zhou people to maintain their cultural traditions.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"427 1","pages":"136 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138989665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Archaeological observations on agro-pastoralist integration in south-central Inner Mongolia during the Eastern Zhou 东周时期内蒙古中南部农牧结合的考古观察
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0010
Jian’en Cao
{"title":"Archaeological observations on agro-pastoralist integration in south-central Inner Mongolia during the Eastern Zhou","authors":"Jian’en Cao","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper archaeologically investigates three representative Eastern Zhou cemeteries in south-central Inner Mongolia. Through analysis, two types of tombs can be distinguished, according to the forms of tombs and assemblages of grave goods. Type A tombs belong to Zhao state agricultural immigrants from the south; Type B, pastoralists from the north. The coexistence of two groups of people with distinct subsistence economies in one cemetery reflects the integration process of agriculturalists and pastoralists. The emergence of agro-pastoralist integration in central-southern Inner Mongolia cross-confirms historical trajectory of the southward advance of pastoralists and the strategic management of northwestern areas by the Zhao state.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"97 8","pages":"149 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scientific examination and study of the Qijia culture bronze artifacts from Mogou site in Lintan, Gansu 甘肃临潭莫沟遗址齐家文化青铜器的科学考察与研究
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0014
Lu Wang, J. Mei, Kunlong Chen, Ruilin Mao, Yaopeng Qian, Hui Wang, Yan Xie
{"title":"Scientific examination and study of the Qijia culture bronze artifacts from Mogou site in Lintan, Gansu","authors":"Lu Wang, J. Mei, Kunlong Chen, Ruilin Mao, Yaopeng Qian, Hui Wang, Yan Xie","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Mogou site in Lintan, Gansu, has yielded the largest collection of Qijia culture bronze artifacts discovered to date. More than 300 bronze artifacts were unearthed, including new forms such as bracelets, neck ornaments, and earrings with trumpet-shaped ends, reflecting the advanced bronze production technology during the late Qijia culture period. This paper presents an analysis of 146 bronze artifacts from the Mogou site, conducted through metallographic microscopy and SEM-EDS analysis. Our results indicate that a relatively high percentage of small ornaments, primarily made of tin bronze, underwent hot forging and cold working, while tools, primarily made of copper and tin-bronze, were typically cast. Furthermore, this study reveals the concurrent existence of leaded tin bronze and arsenical bronze during the late Qijia culture period, suggesting influences from multiple metallurgical systems.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"311 1","pages":"188 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139020086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on the pottery decorations and manufacturing techniques of the Houtaomuga Phase I culture 后陶丸一期文化的陶器纹饰和制作工艺研究
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0013
Penghui Li, Lixin Wang
{"title":"Research on the pottery decorations and manufacturing techniques of the Houtaomuga Phase I culture","authors":"Penghui Li, Lixin Wang","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Houtaomuga Phase I culture represents the earliest Neolithic remains found in Northeast China heretofore, thus filling an over 10,000-year gap in early pottery distribution. Pottery decorations and manufacturing techniques from this culture are unique. The pattern application methods seen are stamping, rolling, and incising. The emergence of flat-bottomed pottery and coiling techniques serves as a prelude to the later ceramic tradition of cylindrical jars with flat bottoms. Comb-teeth decorations along with plant fiber temper indicate similarity with pottery remains in Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"1437 ","pages":"178 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The excavation of M793 at Liujiazhuang North in Yinxu, Anyang, Henan 河南安阳殷墟刘家庄北M793发掘现场
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0007
{"title":"The excavation of M793 at Liujiazhuang North in Yinxu, Anyang, Henan","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In August 1994, the Anyang Team, Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences excavated tomb M793 at Liujiazhuang North in Yinxu, Anyang City, Henan Province. It is a vertical earthen pit tomb equipped with one coffin, one burial chamber, and a waist pit. Pottery, bronze, jade, stone, bone, and shell artifacts were unearthed. Tomb M793 yielded bronze assemblages with inscriptions of “Yajiang” 亚弜, suggesting that the neighboring area was likely where the Yajiang clan dwelled. The characteristics of grave goods suggest that the tomb dates approximately to the late stage of Yinxu Phase II. Bronze inscriptions and the size of the tomb chamber indicate that the tomb occupant was a minor leader of the Yajiang or Jiang clan, a member of the Jiang people recorded in oracle bone inscriptions, rather than the main leader of the Yajiang or Jiang clan. This excavation provides crucial clues for confirming Liujiazhuang North as one of the significant settlements for the Yajiang or Jiang clan.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"105 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 2021 excavation on the Zhengjiahu cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei 2021 年对湖北云梦郑家湖墓地的发掘
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0005
{"title":"The 2021 excavation on the Zhengjiahu cemetery in Yunmeng, Hubei","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Situated southeast of the Chuwangcheng (City of the Chu kings) site, Zhengjiahu cemetery is a significant burial ground occupied throughout the Warring States and Qin-Han periods. Excavation in Area C was conducted in 2021. During the excavation, two noteworthy Qin culture tombs were uncovered—tombs M274 and M234. These tombs yielded a wooden gu-rod with extensive text and painted burial containers. The wooden gu-rod, remarkable in its form and abundant in content, is important for the study of the social history and ideology of the late Warring States period. Additionally, the discovery of painted burial containers bridges a gap in our current understanding of Qin and Han painting media and genres. These artifacts offer indispensable data for researching burial customs and rituals, along with the religious thought of the Qin migrants from Guanzhong.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"93 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Further discussion on the origins of horse stirrups 关于马镫起源的进一步讨论
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0012
Yunhe Li
{"title":"Further discussion on the origins of horse stirrups","authors":"Yunhe Li","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study re-examines the origins of stirrups and related issues by reassessing two prevailing theories: the “leather toe loop theory” and the “toe stirrup theory.” Through analysis of original archaeological material from the Scythian, Indian, and the Yunnan Dian cultures, along with new insights from fieldwork and examination of a variety of horse tack, this study points out that both outdated theories misinterpret the original material and present unreliable arguments. Consequently, it is unconvincing to claim that stirrups originated from either leather toe loops or toe stirrups. The improvement of saddle structure should not be ignored in an exploration of the origin of stirrups. The solid-tread saddle, which first appeared during the Wei and Jin periods, not only stimulated the invention of the stirrup but also provided necessary structural support for its use.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"121 1","pages":"169 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Piluo Paleolithic site in Daocheng, Sichuan 四川稻城皮洛旧石器时代遗址
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0001
{"title":"The Piluo Paleolithic site in Daocheng, Sichuan","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Piluo site, located on the southeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, underwent excavation and systematic survey from April to November 2021. The work was a joint effort between the Sichuan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and the School of Archaeology and Museology at Peking University. The excavation revealed seven cultural strata that had been deposited continuously since the late Middle Pleistocene. Tens of thousands of lithics, including typical hand axes, were discovered, along with many remains of Paleolithic Age cultural activities such as residential floors created by prehistoric populations. These findings provide valuable data for investigating issues such as early human evolution in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, as well as the distribution, origin, and development of East Asian hand axes.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"263 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 2015–2019 excavation of the bronze foundry site at the Huanbei Shang City in Anyang, Henan 河南安阳洹北商城青铜铸造遗址 2015-2019 年发掘项目
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0008
{"title":"The 2015–2019 excavation of the bronze foundry site at the Huanbei Shang City in Anyang, Henan","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Anyang Team of Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted five excavations of a bronze foundry site at the Huanbei Shang City from 2015 to 2019. A variety of archaeological features were discovered, ranging from the foundation built from calcareous nodules and rammed earth, bronze melting and casting area, refuse area, sacrificial pit, ash pit, well, and cache pit. Many artifacts related to metallurgy were also unearthed, including clay molds, models, cores, bellow nozzles, slag, furnace fragments, charcoal, bone gravers, and whetstones. The discovery of this bronze foundry site is of great value for the study of the Huanbei Shang City layout, the operation, and management of bronze casting, technological transmission, and other questions. Bronze casting technology at Huanbei Shang City was still in its early stages of development, but it laid a solid foundation for the later flourishing of the bronze civilization at Yinxu.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"91 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tang dynasty Tuyuhun royal tombs in Wuwei, Gansu 唐代吐峪浑王陵
IF 0.1 4区 历史学
Chinese Archaeology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/char-2023-0006
{"title":"Tang dynasty Tuyuhun royal tombs in Wuwei, Gansu","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/char-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 2019, the Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated the tomb of Murong Zhi, the King Xi of Tuyuhun, located at Chashan Village, Qilian Town, Tianzhu County. A comprehensive archaeological survey of the Binggou and Dashui river valleys in Qilian Town in 2020 revealed the existence of 23 Tuyuhun royal tombs across four areas. Three tombs at the Changling-Machangtan area in Qilian Town, excavated in 2021, are identified as a probable section of the Tuyuhun Pengzi clan’s family cemetery during the Tang dynasty. Through ongoing archaeological work, three large mausoleum areas have been confirmed in Wuwei’s Nanshan district: Yanghui Valley, Great Khan Mausoleum, and Baiyang Mountain. The tomb distribution is characterized by being widely dispersed but mutually connected. Excavations also confirm that Tuyuhun tombs were constructed without aboveground mounds. Additionally, rare Tang artifacts were discovered.","PeriodicalId":41590,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Archaeology","volume":"169 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138987197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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