The Plant Journal最新文献

The Isodon serra genome sheds light on tanshinone biosynthesis and reveals the recursive karyotype evolutionary histories within Lamiales. Isodon serra基因组揭示了丹参酮的生物合成，揭示了叠层动物的递归核型进化史。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17170

Liqiang Hou, Zhimin Niu, Zeyu Zheng, Jin Zhang, Changhong Luo, Xiaojuan Wang, Yongzhi Yang, Ying Li, Qiao Chen

{"title":"The Isodon serra genome sheds light on tanshinone biosynthesis and reveals the recursive karyotype evolutionary histories within Lamiales.","authors":"Liqiang Hou, Zhimin Niu, Zeyu Zheng, Jin Zhang, Changhong Luo, Xiaojuan Wang, Yongzhi Yang, Ying Li, Qiao Chen","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17170","url":null,"abstract":"Lamiales is one of the largest orders of angiosperms with a complex evolutionary history and plays a significant role in human life. However, the polyploidization and chromosome evolution histories within this group remain in mystery. Among Lamiales, Isodon serra (Maxim.) Kudô shines for its abundance of diterpenes, notably tanshinones, long used in East Asia to combat toxicity and inflammation. Yet, the genes driving its biosynthesis and the factors governing its regulation linger in obscurity. Here, we present the telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of I. serra and, through gene-to-metabolite network analyses, pinpoint the pivotal tanshinone biosynthesis genes and their co-expressed transcription factors. Particularly, through luciferase (LUC) assays, we speculate that IsMYB-13 and IsbHLH-8 may upregulate IsCYP76AH101, which is the key step in the biosynthesis of the tanshinone precursor. Among Lamiales, Oleaceae, Gesneriaceae and Plantaginaceae successively sister to a clade of seven Lamiales families, all sharing a recent whole-genome duplication (designated as α event). By reconstructing the ancestral Lamiales karyotypes (ALK) and post-α event (ALKα), we trace chromosomal evolution trajectories across Lamiales species. Notably, one chromosomal fusion is detected from ALK to ALKα, and three shared chromosomal fusion events are detected sequentially from ALKα to I. serra, which fully supports the phylogeny constructed using single-copy genes. This comprehensive study illuminates the genome evolution and chromosomal dynamics of Lamiales, further enhancing our understanding of the biosynthetic mechanisms underlying the medicinal properties of I. serra.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17170"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the electron pathway fluidity of Synechocystis in biophotovoltaics. 了解生物光电中 Synechocystis 的电子通路流动性。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17225

Hans Schneider, Bin Lai, Jens O Krömer

{"title":"Understanding the electron pathway fluidity of Synechocystis in biophotovoltaics.","authors":"Hans Schneider, Bin Lai, Jens O Krömer","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17225","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17225","url":null,"abstract":"Biophotovoltaics offers a promising low-carbon footprint approach to utilize solar energy. It aims to couple natural oxygenic photosynthetic electrons to an external electron sink. This lays the foundation for a potentially high light-to-energy efficiency of the Biophotovoltaic process. However, there are still uncertainties around demonstrating the direct coupling of electron fluxes between photosystems and the external electrode. The dynamic cellular electron transfer network linked to physiological and environmental parameters poses a particular challenge here. In this work, the active cellular electron transfer network was modulated by tuning the cultivating conditions of Synechocystis and the operating conditions in Biophotovoltaics. The current output during darkness was found to be determined by the intracellular glycogen levels. Minimizing the intracellular glycogen pools also eliminated the dark-current output. Moreover, our results provide strong evidence that water splitting in photosystem II is the electron source enabling photocurrent, bypassing the microbe's metabolism. Eliminating the storage carbon as possible source of electrons did not reduce the specific photocurrent output, indicating an efficient coupling of photosynthetic electron flux to the anode. Furthermore, inhibiting respiration on the one hand increased the photocurrent and on the other hand showed a negative effect on the dark-current output. This suggested a switchable role of the respiratory electron transfer chain in the extracellular electron transfer pathway. Overall, we conclude that Synechocystis dynamically switches electron sources and utilizes different extracellular transfer pathways for the current output toward the external electron sink, depending on the physiological and environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"121 2","pages":"e17225"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf angle regulation toward a maize smart canopy. 玉米智能冠层叶片角度调节。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17208

Qinyue Jiang, Yijun Wang

{"title":"Leaf angle regulation toward a maize smart canopy.","authors":"Qinyue Jiang, Yijun Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17208","url":null,"abstract":"Dense planting of single-cross hybrids contributes to maize yield increase over the past decades. Leaf angle, an important agronomic trait relevant to planting density, plays a fundamental role in light penetration into the canopy and photosynthetic efficiency. Leaf angle is a key parameter of plant architecture in the concept of smart canopy. Maize smart-canopy-like plant architecture exhibits optimal leaf angle, resulting in erect upper leaves and intermediate or horizontal lower leaves. Leaf angle regulation is a promising way forward in the breeding of varieties with canopy ideotypes. In this review, we first describe the relationship between maize polarity axes and leaf angle formation. Then, we revisit advances in the mutant and quantitative genetics research of maize leaf angle, highlighting the biological implications of transcription factors for maize leaf angle regulation. We underscore that KNOX family is essential for the blade-sheath boundary establishment and brassinosteroid pathway components as well as regulator ZmRAVL1 serve as key hubs of the transcriptional hierarchy governing maize leaf angle formation. We also suggest potential avenues for manipulating maize leaf angles across canopy layers.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A conserved nuclear factor YC subunit, NF-YC3, is essential for arbuscule development. 一个保守的核因子YC亚基NF-YC3对丛枝发育至关重要。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17195

Kun Xie, Yuhan Ren, Yujuan Huang, Lingxiao Wang, Lechuan Li, Hanghang Ye, Congfan Yang, Shuangshuang Wang, Guohua Xu, Aiqun Chen

{"title":"A conserved nuclear factor YC subunit, NF-YC3, is essential for arbuscule development.","authors":"Kun Xie, Yuhan Ren, Yujuan Huang, Lingxiao Wang, Lechuan Li, Hanghang Ye, Congfan Yang, Shuangshuang Wang, Guohua Xu, Aiqun Chen","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17195","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17195","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing reciprocal symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is an important evolutionary strategy of most terrestrial plants to adapt to environmental stresses, especially phosphate (Pi) deficiencies. Identifying the key genes essential for AM symbiosis in plants and dissecting their functional mechanisms will be helpful for the breeding of new crop varieties with enhanced nutrient uptake efficiency. Here, we report a nuclear factor YC subunit-encoding gene, OsNF-YC3, whose expression is specifically induced in arbuscule-containing cells, plays an essential role in AM symbiosis. Knockout of OsNF-YC3 resulted in stunted arbuscule morphology and substantially decreased P accumulation, while overexpressing OsNF-YC3 enhanced mycorrhization and Pi uptake efficiency. OsNF-YC3 is directly regulated by OsPHRs, the major regulators of Pi starvation responses. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis uncovered multiple genes with crucial roles in arbuscule development as its potential downstream targets, including the AM-specific Pi transporter gene OsPT11. OsNF-YC3 can form a heterotrimer with the other two NF-Y subunits, OsNF-YA11 and OsNF-YB11, in yeast. Loss of OsNF-YA11 function also severely impaired arbuscule development in its mutants. Overall, our results highlight an essential role of OsNF-YC3 and its potential interacting NF-Y subunit, OsNF-YA11, in regulating AM symbiosis and arbuscule development.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17195"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phototropin switches between cis- and trans-autophosphorylation in light-induced chloroplast relocation in Marchantia polymorpha. 光诱导的多形地豆叶绿体重新定位中趋光素顺式和反式自磷酸化之间的切换。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17183

Minoru Noguchi, Saki Noda, Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi, Yutaka Kodama

引用次数: 0

Effect of glutathione reductase on photosystem II characterization and reactive oxygen species metabolism in cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line Jin A.

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17217

Li Zhang, Panpan Jing, Biao Geng, Jinjiang Shi, Jinlong Zhang, Dong Liang, Yujie Yang, Yunfang Qu, Jinling Huang

{"title":"Effect of glutathione reductase on photosystem II characterization and reactive oxygen species metabolism in cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line Jin A.","authors":"Li Zhang, Panpan Jing, Biao Geng, Jinjiang Shi, Jinlong Zhang, Dong Liang, Yujie Yang, Yunfang Qu, Jinling Huang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17217","url":null,"abstract":"Glutathione reductase (GR) maintains the cellular redox state by reducing oxidized glutathione to glutathione (GSH), which regulates antioxidant defense. Additionally, GR plays an essential role in photosynthesis; however, the mechanism by which GR regulates photosystem II (PSII) is largely unknown. We identified six, three, and three GR genes in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium raimondii, respectively. We found that GhGR1 and GhGR3 proteins were localized in the chloroplasts, whereas GhGR5 was localized in the cell membrane. Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line Jin A was ideal to explore GR functions because accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased and expression of GhGR was downregulated at the key stage of microspore abortion in anthers compared to maintainer Jin B. The GR activity and relative GhGR1, GhGR3, GhGR5 gene expressions decreased significantly at the key stage of microspore abortion in Jin A-CMS compared to that in Jin B, resulting in an increase in ROS and a decrease in photochemical efficiency in PSII. GhGR1 and GhGR3 overexpression in Arabidopsis decreased ROS levels in anthers and leaves compared to the wild-type. Biochemical analysis of GhGR1 and GhGR3 silencing in Gossypium L. showed that ROS content was increased and photochemical efficiency of PSII was inhibited in leaves. Complementation experiments in tobacco and yeast indicated that GhGR1 interacted with GhPsbX, which was one of the subunits of the PSII protein complex. Taken together, these findings suggest that chloroplast GR plays an important role in PSII and ROS metabolism by interacting with PsbX in cotton plants.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"121 2","pages":"e17217"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Studying ER-membrane contact sites in plants using the optogenetic approach: Taking the LiMETER as an example. 利用光遗传学方法研究植物内质膜接触位点——以LiMETER为例

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17191

Yifan Li, Charlotte Pain, Xuan Cui, Menghan Li, Tong Zhang, Jiejie Li, Verena Kriechbaumer, Pengwei Wang

{"title":"Studying ER-membrane contact sites in plants using the optogenetic approach: Taking the LiMETER as an example.","authors":"Yifan Li, Charlotte Pain, Xuan Cui, Menghan Li, Tong Zhang, Jiejie Li, Verena Kriechbaumer, Pengwei Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17191","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17191","url":null,"abstract":"The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) links to multiple organelles through membrane contact sites (MCS), which play critical roles in signal transduction, cell homeostasis and stress response. However, studying the behaviour and functions of MCS in plants is still challenging, partially due to the lack of site-specific markers. Here, we used an optogenetic reporter, LiMETER (Light-inducible Membrane-Tethered cortical ER), to study the structure and dynamics of ER-PM contact sites (EPCS) in plants. Upon blue light activation, LiMETER is recruited to the EPCS rapidly, while this process is reversible when blue light is turned off. Compared with other EPCS reporters, LiMETER specifically and reversibly labels the contact sites, causing little side-effects on the ER structure and plant development. With its help, we re-examined the formation of ER-PM connections induced by cell-intrinsic factors or extracellular stimuli. We found that EPCSs are preferably localised at ER tubules and the edge of ER cisternae, and their number increased significantly under abiotic stress conditions. The abundance of ER and PM interaction is also developmental dependent, suggesting a direct link between ER-PM interaction, ER function and cell homeostasis. Taken together, we showed that LiMETER is an improved marker for functional and microscopical studies of ER-PM interaction, demonstrating the effectiveness of optogenetic tools in future research.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17191"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytochrome c levels link mitochondrial function to plant growth and stress responses through changes in SnRK1 pathway activity. 细胞色素 c 水平通过 SnRK1 途径活性的变化将线粒体功能与植物生长和胁迫响应联系起来。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17215

Florencia P Coronel, Diana E Gras, M Victoria Canal, Facundo Roldan, Elina Welchen, Daniel H Gonzalez

{"title":"Cytochrome c levels link mitochondrial function to plant growth and stress responses through changes in SnRK1 pathway activity.","authors":"Florencia P Coronel, Diana E Gras, M Victoria Canal, Facundo Roldan, Elina Welchen, Daniel H Gonzalez","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17215","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17215","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is required for growth as well as for multiple cellular processes. During evolution, plants developed regulatory mechanisms to adapt energy consumption to metabolic reserves and cellular needs. Reduced growth is often observed under stress, leading to a growth-stress trade-off that governs plant performance under different conditions. In this work, we report that plants with reduced levels of the mitochondrial respiratory chain component cytochrome c (CYTc), required for electron transport coupled to oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, show impaired growth and increased global expression of stress-responsive genes, similar to those observed after inhibiting the respiratory chain or the mitochondrial ATP synthase. CYTc-deficient plants also show activation of the SnRK1 pathway, which regulates growth, metabolism, and stress responses under carbon starvation conditions, even though their carbohydrate levels are not significantly different from wild-type. Notably, loss-of-function of the gene encoding the SnRK1α1 subunit restores the growth of CYTc-deficient plants, as well as autophagy, free amino acid and TOR pathway activity levels, which are affected in these plants. Moreover, increasing CYTc levels decreases SnRK1 pathway activation, reflected in reduced SnRK1α1 phosphorylation, with no changes in total SnRK1α1 protein levels. Under stress imposed by mannitol, the growth of CYTc-deficient plants is relatively less affected than that of wild-type plants, which is also related to the activation of the SnRK1 pathway. Our results indicate that SnRK1 function is affected by CYTc levels, thus providing a molecular link between mitochondrial function and plant growth under normal and stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17215"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A favorable natural variation in CCD7 from orchardgrass confers enhanced tiller number. 果园草CCD7基因的自然变异有利于增加分蘖数。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17200

Xiaoheng Xu, Yueyang Liang, Guangyan Feng, Shunfeng Li, Zhongfu Yang, Gang Nie, Linkai Huang, Xinquan Zhang

{"title":"A favorable natural variation in CCD7 from orchardgrass confers enhanced tiller number.","authors":"Xiaoheng Xu, Yueyang Liang, Guangyan Feng, Shunfeng Li, Zhongfu Yang, Gang Nie, Linkai Huang, Xinquan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17200","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17200","url":null,"abstract":"Tiller number is a crucial determinant that significantly influences the productivity and reproductive capacity of forage. The regeneration potential, biomass production, and seed yield of perennial forage species are highly reliant on the development of tillering. Strigolactones (SLs) are recently discovered carotenoid-derived phytohormones that play a crucial role in the regulation of tillering in annual crops. However, the modulation of tiller growth in perennial forage by SLs remains insufficiently investigated. In this study, we identified two alleles of the SLs biosynthesis gene, DgCCD7A and DgCCD7D, which encode CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 7 (CCD7), from two distinct subspecies of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) exhibiting contrasting tillering phenotype and SLs content. The functionality of the DgCCD7A allele derived from high-tillering phenotypic orchardgrass was found to be diminished compared to that of DgCCD7D from the low-tillering type in rescuing the increased branching phenotype of CCD7-defective mutants in Arabidopsis and rice (Oryza sativa). Notably, the introduction of DgCCD7A in rice resulted in an increase in tiller number without significantly compromising grain yield. Moreover, we demonstrated that the L309P variation in DgCCD7A is a rare natural variant exclusively found in orchardgrass. Our findings revealed that DgCCD7A, a rare favorable natural variation of CCD7 in orchardgrass, holds significant potential for breeding application in improving the plant architecture of perennial forage and crops.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17200"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ClearDepth: a simple, robust, and low-cost method to assess root depth in soil. ClearDepth：一种简单、可靠、低成本的评估土壤根系深度的方法。

IF 6.2 1区生物学

The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17177

Michel Ruiz Rosquete, Juan Gonzalez, Kristen Wertz, Natalie Gonzalez, Melissa Baez, Lin Wang, Ling Zhang, Suyash Patil, Lucas Funaro, Wolfgang Busch

{"title":"ClearDepth: a simple, robust, and low-cost method to assess root depth in soil.","authors":"Michel Ruiz Rosquete, Juan Gonzalez, Kristen Wertz, Natalie Gonzalez, Melissa Baez, Lin Wang, Ling Zhang, Suyash Patil, Lucas Funaro, Wolfgang Busch","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17177","url":null,"abstract":"Root depth is a major determinant of plant performance during drought and a key trait for strategies to improve soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. While the model Arabidopsis thaliana offers numerous advantages for studies of root system architecture and root depth, its small and fragile roots severely limit the use of the methods and techniques currently available for such studies in soils. To overcome this, we have developed ClearDepth, a conceptually simple, non-destructive, sensitive, and low-cost method to estimate the root depth of Arabidopsis in relatively small pots that are amenable to mid- and large-scale studies. In our method, the root system develops naturally inside of the soil, without considerable space constraints. The ClearDepth parameter wall root shallowness (WRS) quantifies the shallowness of the root system by measuring the depth of roots that reach the transparent walls of clear pots. We show that WRS is a robust and sensitive parameter that distinguishes deep root systems from shallower ones while also capturing relatively smaller differences in root depth caused by the influence of an environmental factor. In addition, we leveraged ClearDepth to study the relation between lateral root angles measured in non-soil systems and root depth in soil. We found that Arabidopsis genotypes characterized by steep lateral roots in transparent growth media produce deeper root systems in the ClearDepth pots. Finally, we show that ClearDepth can also be used to study root depth in crop species like rice.","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e17177"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0