The Plant Journal最新文献

{"title":"Thermal priming enhances yield after recurrent heat stress and involves SlHSFA2-SlERFs in the regulation of transcriptional thermal memory in tomato","authors":"Pratima Debnath,&nbsp;Paula Korkuć,&nbsp;Krishna Kumar,&nbsp;Paula C. P. Bueno,&nbsp;Katja Jaeger,&nbsp;Christin Abel,&nbsp;Valentin Hennig,&nbsp;Nicole M. van Dam,&nbsp;Philip A. Wigge,&nbsp;Justyna J. Olas","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat stress (HS) severely limits plant growth and productivity, threatening agriculture and food security. Plants cope with recurrent HS through adaptive thermal memory, which allows them to retain a memory of prior moderate priming stress. However, while this process has been well studied in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, it remains unclear whether the same molecular mechanisms operate in horticultural crops such as tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). Here, we show that tomato plants display a longer thermal memory capacity than Arabidopsis. We found that thermal priming followed by recurrent HS enhanced yield of tomato plants under both controlled and field conditions. Consistent with previous reports, we show that HEAT SHOCK FACTOR A2 (SlHSFA2) is required for thermal priming, as <i>hsfa2</i> CRISPR mutants lost priming capacity. SlHSFA2 acts as positive regulator of a subset of type II transcriptional thermal memory genes, including <i>SlBAG6</i>. SlHSFA2 physically interacts with ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORs, which function as co-activators of type II transcriptional thermal memory genes and further enhance the expression of those genes in response to heat. Together, these findings establish a regulatory module critical for heat adaptation in tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root-sourced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid modulates development and adaptive responses to salinity in tomato","authors":"Jose A. Martín-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Purificación A. Martínez-Melgarejo,&nbsp;Jesús Guillamón,&nbsp;Ángela S. Prudencio,&nbsp;Juan J. Guerrero,&nbsp;Eduardo Larriba,&nbsp;Jose Manuel Pérez-Pérez,&nbsp;Enrique Olmos,&nbsp;Lázaro E. Pereira Peres,&nbsp;Cristina Martínez-Andújar,&nbsp;Francisco Pérez-Alfocea","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate whether root-sourced ethylene-precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) modulates long-term salinity responses in tomato, a commercial variety (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. Mill) was grafted onto three rootstocks differing in ACC/ethylene production: an ethylene-overproducing mutant (<i>epinastic</i>, <i>epi</i>), a root-specific <i>ACC deaminase</i> overexpressing transgenic line with reduced ACC availability for ethylene synthesis (<i>ACCD</i>) and the wild-type cv. Micro-Tom (WT). <i>ACCD</i> grafts exhibited low-ACC concentrations, a branched root system and enhanced plant growth and yield stability under salinity, compared to <i>epi</i> and WT grafts, through modulating nutritional, metabolic, hormonal and transcriptional networks in the scion. Low root-sourced ACC was linked to down- and upregulation of ABA biosynthesis (<i>NCED3</i>) and catabolism (<i>CYP707A1/3</i>), leading to reduced leaf ABA but induced signalling; activation of GA biosynthesis (<i>GA20ox</i>, <i>GA3ox</i>) and CK homeostasis (<i>ZOG</i>, <i>AHPT1L</i>, <i>ARR-Bs</i>, <i>CRF2/4</i>); induced steroid metabolism; improved leaf P (<i>SPX3</i>, <i>PAP17, PEPC1</i>), Ca and S nutrition, and limited Na⁺ accumulation, leading to stable carbon metabolism, source–sink relations and yield under salt stress. High root-sourced ACC in <i>epi</i> grafts mainly penalised reproductive growth but induced protective flavonoids and source activity in salinised leaves. These findings highlight the role of root-derived ACC in modulating local and systemic responses to stress and its potential for improving crop yield stability under salinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Ralstonia solanacearum effector RipAD perturbs aquaporin NbPIP oligomeric status to suppress plant immunity","authors":"Bo Nian,&nbsp;Sai Yuan,&nbsp;Yijie Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Pengyue Li,&nbsp;Yang Lin,&nbsp;Jiatao Xie,&nbsp;Jiasen Cheng,&nbsp;Yanping Fu,&nbsp;Xiao Yu,&nbsp;Daohong Jiang,&nbsp;Bo Li","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71111","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.71111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacterial wilt caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> is a devastating disease that affects a wide range of crops, including tobacco. The pathogen promotes infection by secreting type III effector (T3E) proteins into host plants to facilitate pathogenicity; however, the molecular mechanisms for many of these effectors remain elusive. Here, we characterize RipAD, a conserved T3E that significantly contributes to <i>R. solanacearum</i> virulence in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> and <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. We demonstrate that RipAD dampens early immune responses, including pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and MAPK activation. This immunosuppressive function depends on the dual localization of RipAD to the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Mechanistically, RipAD physically associates with the N-terminal domains of the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins NbPIP2;3 and NbPIP2;4. We show that these aquaporins act as positive regulators of ROS accumulation and plant immunity. Crucially, RipAD binding is associated with reduced homo- and hetero-oligomerization of NbPIP2;3 and NbPIP2;4, thereby compromising their stability and function. Furthermore, silencing <i>NbPIP2;3</i> and <i>NbPIP2;4</i> increases tobacco susceptibility and rescues the virulence defect of a RipAD deletion mutant. These findings reveal a novel virulence strategy wherein a bacterial effector targets the structural integrity of host aquaporin complexes to block ROS signaling and suppress immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZmDLR9 is required for lateral root development via pre-rRNA processing in maize","authors":"Daojun Li,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Aiming Xing,&nbsp;Shixian Zhang,&nbsp;Yanbin Zhu,&nbsp;Feng Wei,&nbsp;Haitao Zeng,&nbsp;Tao Zheng,&nbsp;Zhubing Hu,&nbsp;Chunfei Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pumilio (PUM) proteins comprise an evolutionarily conserved family of sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins that act as key post-transcriptional regulators in eukaryotes. In this study, we identified a maize PUM protein, named ZmDLR9 (Defective in Lateral Root 9), as a positive factor involved in lateral root development. Loss-of-function mutation in the <i>ZmDLR9</i> (<i>dlr9-1</i>) severely impaired lateral root formation. Functional analysis revealed that ZmDLR9 localizes in the nucleolus and interacts with pre-rRNA processing-associated proteins, including BRX1-1 (BIOGENESIS OF RIBOSOMES IN XENOPUS 1–1), BRX1-2, and GRC3 (a subunit of the ITS2 processing complex). The <i>dlr9-1</i> mutation resulted in aberrant accumulation of pre-rRNA processing intermediates, as well as defects in ribosome assembly and translation. Heterologous expression of <i>ZmDLR9</i> partially rescued the growth defects of an Arabidopsis PUM loss-of-function mutant (<i>apum24-2</i>), demonstrating functional conservation of the PUM protein family across the plant kingdom. Furthermore, the <i>dlr9-1</i> mutation disrupted nucleolar morphology, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and delaying lateral root primordia emergence. Together, our results demonstrate that ZmDLR9, a Pumilio protein, is required for lateral root development by mediating pre-rRNA processing-dependent cell proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial—2026 TPJ Fellows","authors":"Zhongchi Lui,&nbsp;Magda Julkowska,&nbsp;Alisdair R. Fernie,&nbsp;Katherine Denby","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>The Plant Journal</i> is delighted to announce the successful 2026 TPJ Fellows—<b>Martina Legris, Adam Bentham</b> and <b>Furong Liu</b>. These early career group leaders have exciting scientific programmes and impressive research track records, as well as contributions to the wider plant science community.</p><p>Congratulations to Martina, Adam and Furong. We welcome them to The Plant Journal team and look forward to supporting their careers.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ secretory protein SDE5640 activates host autophagy dependent on PSMD10 to mediate PBA1 degradation","authors":"Yalin Mei,&nbsp;Xinyi Deng,&nbsp;Zaiyu Yang,&nbsp;Shimin Fu,&nbsp;Changyong Zhou,&nbsp;Xuefeng Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy cooperatively orchestrate plant immune homeostasis, while diverse phytopathogens deploy secreted effectors to disrupt their crosstalk for successful colonization. Proteaphagy, the autophagic turnover of intact 26S proteasome holoenzymes, is a conserved stress response co-opted by <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> effector HopM1 to cripple host proteolysis. However, how the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus’ (<i>C</i>Las) simultaneously manipulates UPS and autophagy to subvert citrus immunity remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we functionally characterize the secreted <i>C</i>Las effector SDE5640, which exacerbates HLB susceptibility in sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>). SDE5640 directly binds the 19S proteasome chaperone CsPSMD10, whose homodimerization via Cys163/Cys190 disulfide bonds is required for immune suppression. CsPSMD10 overexpression enhances citrus susceptibility to <i>C</i>Las, whereas the dimerization-deficient CsPSMD10-C190S mutant confers robust HLB resistance. Mechanistically, CsPSMD10 targets CsATG8 isoforms for UPS-dependent degradation to restrain autophagic flux; SDE5640 competitively occupies the Ank2/Ank3 domains of CsPSMD10 to disrupt CsPSMD10-CsATG8c complexes, thereby stabilizing CsATG8c and triggering autophagy dependent on CsPSMD10. Moreover, SDE5640-induced autophagy drives selective autophagic degradation of the 20S proteasome catalytic subunit CsPBA1, which ultimately disrupts cellular proteasome activity and attenuates salicylic acid-mediated citrus immunity. Collectively, our findings identify a novel SDE5640-CsPSMD10-CsATG8c-CsPBA1 regulatory cascade, illustrating how a single <i>C</i>Las effector synchronously rewires the UPS-autophagy crosstalk to facilitate pathogen proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypocotyl acupuncture: an efficient and practical protocol for transformation and genome editing in Salvia miltiorrhiza","authors":"Chaoyang Wang,&nbsp;Jiangbin Liu,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Cong Liu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Cui,&nbsp;Jianhua Wang,&nbsp;Xiangui Mei,&nbsp;Zhenqiao Song,&nbsp;Xingfeng Li","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge is a valuable medicinal plant, yet its genetic manipulation has been limited by the lack of efficient and practical transformation methods. Here, we report a simplified, tissue culture-independent strategy enabling Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery under non-sterile conditions, termed hypocotyl acupuncture. The method employs needle-assisted inoculation of intact seedlings at the hypocotyl, completely bypassing callus induction, regeneration, and repeated subculture. Following inoculation, EGFP-positive hairy roots are selectively cultivated for approximately 4 months and then induced to regenerate shoots within one additional month, yielding transgenic plantlets in approximately 5 months. Systematic optimization achieved a transformation efficiency of approximately 55% (defined as the percentage of explants producing EGFP-positive regenerants). ACCC10060 was selected as the optimal strain based on efficiency and root morphology. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing generated mutation frequencies of 53.8%–88.9% with no off-target effects. Targeted mutagenesis of <i>SmCPS1</i>, a gene encoding a key rate-limiting enzyme in tanshinone biosynthesis, resulted in altered root pigmentation. The method was successfully extended to <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i>, <i>Platycodon grandiflorus</i>, and <i>Isatis indigotica</i>, achieving transformation efficiencies of 25%–55%. This study provides an efficient, practical, and broadly applicable tool for genome editing and functional genomics in medicinal plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway: CYP73 and CYP98 candidate genes in Chara braunii, Anthoceros agrestis, Marchantia polymorpha and Physcomitrium patens","authors":"Christoph E. G. Aggarwal-Kentrath,&nbsp;Maike Petersen","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>CYP73 and CYP98 are two cytochrome P450 monooxygenase families present in bryophytes and tracheophytes, and they play key roles in the formation of phenolic compounds containing a caffeic acid moiety and more complex phenolic compounds. CYP73 encodes the second enzyme in the core phenylpropanoid pathway and is the first enzyme family in this pathway so far exclusively found in land plants and not in any water-living sister clades, like the streptophyte algae. That makes CYP73 a prime candidate for investigations into necessary adaptations during terrestrialization. This study aims to support our knowledge on the evolution of this pathway by characterizing the enzymes translated from (putative) CYP73 genes from the bryophytes <i>Anthoceros agrestis</i>, <i>Marchantia polymorpha</i>, and <i>Physcomitrium patens</i> and CYP98 genes from <i>Marchantia polymorpha</i> and <i>Physcomitrium patens</i>. Furthermore, this insight into the function of bryophyte CYP73 informed a more specific search for potential CYP73 candidates in the streptophyte alga <i>Chara braunii</i>. The possibility that land plant CYP73 activity originated in streptophyte algae would be greatly supported if rudimentary CYP73 activity could be found in native <i>Chara</i> candidate genes or induced by slight mutations in inactive <i>Chara</i> enzymes. However, no such mutation led to product formation by enzymes encoded by <i>Chara braunii</i> candidate genes. The bryophyte CYP98 enzymes prefer 4-coumaroyl amides as substrates, though 4-coumaroyl esters are generally the common substrates of tracheophyte CYP98 enzymes. This shows a major difference in functionality. Thus, this study provides a comparative characterization of CYP genes from model bryophytes that are canonically associated with phenylpropanoid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A laser capture microdissection-based transcriptome analysis on salt glands highlights salt secretion mechanism in mangrove plant Avicennia marina","authors":"Ming-Yue Wei,&nbsp;Ling Sun,&nbsp;Li-Han Zhuang,&nbsp;Xing-Yue Hong,&nbsp;Ze-Jun Guo,&nbsp;Huan Li,&nbsp;Hezi Huang,&nbsp;Lu-Dan Zhang,&nbsp;Dong-Na Ma,&nbsp;Zhi-Jun Shen,&nbsp;Xiu-Xiu Wang,&nbsp;Xue-Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Han-Chen Tang,&nbsp;Hai-Lei Zheng","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salt glands, developed in the epidermis of salt-secreting mangrove plant <i>Avicennia marina</i> leaves and specialized in salt secretion, are critical for improving the survival under high saline habitats. However, the salt secretion mechanism in <i>A. marina</i> remains poorly understood. In this study, laser capture microdissection was employed to isolate salt glands from the upper epidermis of <i>A. marina</i>, followed by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) to comparatively analyze gene expression profiles of salt glands under 0 mM NaCl and 400 mM NaCl treatments. Additionally, non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) was used to measure real-time Na⁺ and Cl⁻ efflux rates from individual salt glands; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe subcellular structural changes; and heterologous expression assays were performed for functional validation of candidate genes. Our results showed that 400 mM NaCl treatment led to an increase in Na⁺ and Cl⁻ fluxes from salt glands, with the Na⁺ efflux reaching 2389 pmol cm⁻² s⁻¹ and the Cl⁻ efflux reaching 1652 pmol cm⁻² s⁻¹. In addition, a significant increase in mitochondrial density and vesicle number in secretory cells was found in 400 mM NaCl treatment salt glands of <i>A. marina</i> leaves. LCM-RNAseq identified a total of 1741 differentially expressed genes, which were significantly enriched in pathways related to vesicle trafficking, ion transport, compatible solute transport, aquaporins-based water transport, hormone signaling, cell wall and cuticle wax biosynthesis. Functional validation demonstrated that <i>AmNHX2</i> (Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter), <i>AmCLC-a</i> (chloride channel), and <i>AmSCAMP1</i> (secretory carrier membrane protein) significantly enhanced salt tolerance when heterologously expressed in yeast, tobacco, or Arabidopsis, and were involved in Na⁺/Cl⁻ transport or vesicle formation and trafficking. Collectively, this study reveals the molecular mechanisms by which salt glands of <i>A. marina</i> coordinately respond to salt stress through multiple pathways, including ion transport, vesicle trafficking, osmotic regulation, and cell wall plasticity, providing crucial insights for understanding salt tolerance in salt-secreting mangrove plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural variation in the IAMH2 3′ UTR underlies hypocotyl elongation during light adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Xuemeng Gao,&nbsp;Wenli Chang,&nbsp;Xuejing Liu,&nbsp;Yingjun Yao,&nbsp;Yan Song,&nbsp;Jin Yan,&nbsp;Kai Yang,&nbsp;Jianquan Liu,&nbsp;Huanhuan Liu","doi":"10.1111/tpj.71167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.71167","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant hypocotyls are central to seedling establishment in variable light environments. Although core photoreceptor pathways regulating hypocotyl elongation are well defined, the molecular basis of natural variation in this trait—particularly through posttranscriptional regulation—remains poorly understood. Here, we report that a high-altitude, high-light-adapted Arabidopsis ecotype from Tibet exhibits longer hypocotyls under low light compared to a low-altitude ecotype from Sichuan. Using recombinant inbred lines combined with fine-mapping and near-isogenic line validation, we identified the major locus <i>LA1</i> (<i>Light Adaptation 1</i>) and pinpointed <i>IAMH2</i> as the causal gene. Full-length transcriptomics revealed a natural structural variant in the <i>IAMH2</i> 3′ UTR of high-altitude ecotypes that alters its length and disrupts a poly(U) motif. We further show that in low-altitude ecotypes, the RNA-binding proteins C3H14/C3H15 directly bind this poly(U)-rich region to posttranscriptionally downregulate <i>IAMH2</i> mRNA levels, thereby attenuating <i>IAMH2</i>-dependent IAA accumulation and hypocotyl elongation. Analysis of 38 globally representative ecotype genomes confirmed that <i>IAMH2</i> 3′ UTR variation correlates with light intensity and elevation, supporting its role in environmental adaptation. Collectively, our work reveals a previously unknown C3H14/C3H15–<i>IAMH2</i> posttranscriptional module that dynamically adjusts hypocotyl elongation in response to light, providing new insights into the plasticity and adaptive evolution of seedling photomorphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.71167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}