生命科学最新文献

{"title":"Heat Shock Factor TaHSFA6e Interacts With TaNAC019 to Activate TaHSP70 Expression and Positively Contributes to Salt Stress in Wheat.","authors":"Weiwei Guo, Zubaidai Abudukerimu, Junrong Li, Luhua Wang, Xueqing Shi, Junwei Xin, Jiafei Yu, Shengjing Chen, Nan Niu, Yuxin Xie, Mingming Xin, Huifang Wang, Ximei Li, Nataliia Golub, Yumei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70898","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinization, exacerbated by seawater intrusion and climate change, poses a major constraint on crop production. To cope with salt stress, plants have evolved complex mechanisms involving numerous tolerance-related genes. We identified that heat shock protein TaHSP70 acted as a positive regulator in response to salt stress in wheat. Further analysis revealed that heat shock transcription factor TaHSFA6e and NAC transcription factor TaNAC019 physically interact and function additively to activate TaHSP70 expression. Whereas a single-nucleotide T insertion within the coding sequence of TaNAC019-B reduced the transcriptional activity of TaHSP70. Overexpression of either TaHSFA6e or TaNAC019 enhanced salt tolerance in wheat. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of the heat shock protein pathway in mediating salt stress responses in wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10475-10489"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aphid Probing and Phloem Feeding Trigger Distinct Plant Immune Programs, Identifying a Broad‑Spectrum Trypsin Protease Inhibitor.","authors":"Zeyu Wan, Xinting Qiu, Xichen Xiao, Hanwei Kang, Yongmo Wang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70916","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphid feeding begins with brief exploratory probing and transitions to prolonged phloem ingestion, yet whether these distinct phases trigger different plant immune programs remains unknown. We show that probing and phloem feeding are associated with distinct plant immune cascades. Under probing-enriched conditions, we observed selective activation of jasmonate (JA) signaling, accompanied by significant ROS bursts and vascular callose deposition, whereas phloem feeding elicits only marginal salicylic acid accumulation. Probing-enriched conditions imposes severe fitness penalties on aphids, a phenotype recapitulated by exogenous methyl jasmonate. Consistent with this, aphids exhibit high feeding‑site fidelity, which likely minimizes probing events and helps evade these penalties. Transcriptome analysis identified the squash‑type trypsin protease inhibitor CsTrypPI1, characterized by six conserved cysteines, as a JA-dependent component upregulated under probing-enriched conditions. Recombinant CsTrypPI1 directly impairs aphid survival and fecundity in artificial diet assays. Transgenic cucumber lines constitutively over‑expressing CsTrypPI1 displayed broad‑spectrum resistance against the aphid Aphis gossypii, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, and the lepidopteran Spodoptera litura. Our findings indicate that the probing versus phloem feeding comparison defines two distinct immunological trajectories, which helps reconcile conflicting evidence on JA and SA roles in plant and phloem‑feeder interactions. The identification of CsTrypPI1 as a broad‑spectrum resistance candidate highlights this behavioral-immunological interface as a promising intervention point for sustainable pest management.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10459-10474"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA MtCIR2 Negatively Regulates Response of Medicago truncatula Seedlings to Salt Stress by Targeting SOS2-Dependent Na Efflux via H2A Ubiquitination.","authors":"Xiaohan Sun, Rui Tian, Mingui Zhao, Wen-Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70904","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a regulatory role in plant responses to environmental stress. However, the epigenetic mechanisms behind the regulation of salt stress by lncRNAs remain largely elusive. We previously discovered that the lncRNA MtCIR2 of Medicago trnucatula negatively regulated seed germination under salt stress by altering endogenous ABA and GA concentrations via histone ubiquitination. Here we evaluated the roles of MtCIR2 in regulating response of M. truncatula seedlings to salt stress. We found that over-expression and mutation of MtCIR2 reduced and enhanced tolerance to salt stress due to enhanced and suppressed foliar Na accumulation in over-expression and Mtcir2 mutant plants relative to their wild-type counterparts under salt stress. The MtCIR2-depenent Na accumulation was accounted for by the suppression of MtSOS2 that encodes a kinase responsible for Na exclusion from plants. We discovered that MtCIR2 physically interacted with BMI1, a core component of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), leading to down-regulation of MtSOS2. ChIP assays revealed that MtCIR2 facilitated H2A ubiquitination at the chromatin of MtSOS2, thus repressing its expression, which in turn suppressed the SOS-dependent Na exclusion, and rendered the plants sensitive to salt stress. These results unravel a novel mechanism by which lncRNA epigenetically regulates SOS-mediated Na accumulation via histone ubiquitination in plant response to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10548-10557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Mechanisms by Which Membrane Transport Proteins Regulate Plant Responses to Heavy Metal Stress: From Ion Perception and Uptake Control to Systemic Signaling and Translational Perspectives.","authors":"Liuliu Wu, Lifan Cao, Junyan Sun, Shumei Li, Linlin Song, Halyna Zhatova, Shuhan Liu, Shengli Tong, Mingming Tang, Zongli Chu, Yanlin Yang, Liping Dong","doi":"10.1111/pce.70915","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil heavy metal contamination-including cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn) excess, and copper (Cu) excess-poses a critical threat to sustainable agriculture and food safety. Membrane transport proteins serve as primary interfaces governing ion entry, subcellular compartmentalization, and long-distance redistribution. This review integrates recent advances across multiple scales to construct a unified regulatory framework: (i) at the cell periphery, plasma membrane transporters of the NRAMP, ZIP, and COPT families mediate metal influx, whereas efflux transporters and cell wall modifications limit cytosolic accumulation; (ii) at the subcellular level, vacuolar HMA and ABCC transporters drive sequestration, coordinated by COPII-mediated forward trafficking, ESCRT-dependent turnover, and autophagy-based quality control; (iii) at the signaling level, Ca²⁺-ROS-MAPK cascades and lipid microdomain dynamics modulate transporter activity through phosphorylation and endocytic sorting; and (iv) at the whole-plant level, xylem-phloem transport and systemic signals (Ca²⁺ waves, ROS, jasmonic acid) coordinate root-shoot communication. The strength of evidence distinguishing in planta validation from heterologous inference is critically evaluated, the biological trade-offs associated with transporter manipulation are addressed, and species-specific strategies contrasting hyperaccumulators with low-accumulation food crops are discussed. Finally, the potential of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), single-cell transcriptomics, genetically encoded sensors, and rhizosphere engineering in reshaping this field is outlined. This synthesis aims to provide a roadmap for developing crops with low metal accumulation and high stress tolerance through precision breeding and gene editing.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10576-10589"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutant Characterisation Reveals Two Candidate Sensors for the Rapid High Vapour Pressure Deficit (VPD) Response Pathway.","authors":"Hanh M Vo, Timothy J Brodribb, Frances C Sussmilch","doi":"10.1111/pce.70857","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70857","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9732-9734"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13725248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Wild Soybean C3HC4-Type RING Zinc-Finger Protein ZFP4 Enhances Resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus.","authors":"Yixiang Pu, Yingying Song, Rufei Yang, Changyun Yang, Zhongyi Yang, Shupeng Dong, Wei Zhao, Jiao Wang, Zhiping Huang, Wei Li, Yingdong Bi, Yongcai Lai, Hengyou Zhang, Hui Wang, Deyue Yu, Qian Wu, Hao Cheng","doi":"10.1111/pce.70880","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a globally important source of protein and edible oil, but is severely threatened by soybean mosaic virus (SMV). Wild soybean [Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.], the wild ancestor of cultivated soybean, exhibits high genetic diversity and strong resistance to pathogens. In this study, we identified a novel SMV resistance locus R_SC7-4 and its candidate gene ZFP4 from wild soybean, encoding a C3HC4-type RING zinc-finger protein. The knockout mutants of ZFP4 showed enhanced susceptibility to SMV strains SC7 and SC3, while its overexpressing lines conferred resistance without yield penalty; ZFP4 mediates resistance by inhibiting GSTT1 to increase glutathione and reduce excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation. Domestication analysis revealed reduced genetic diversity of ZFP4 in cultivated soybean, with the resistant ZFP4^Hap1 underutilized in breeding. In summary, this study provides not only excellent genetic resources for SMV-resistant soybean breeding but also new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of soybean resistance to SMV.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10149-10162"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13725243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic Strategies of Cool-Temperate Trees and Lianas Against Freeze-Thaw Embolism: Is Cold Winter More Severe on Lianas?","authors":"Ryuji Ichihashi, Haruhiko Taneda, Yasuhiro Utsumi","doi":"10.1111/pce.70889","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lianas are abundant and influential in tropical forests but decline sharply in cooler regions. This pattern has been attributed to their reliance on a small number of large vessels, which are vulnerable to freeze-thaw embolism. However, the hydraulic functioning of lianas in cooler regions remains poorly understood. We examined the hydraulic properties of nine tree and four liana species in a cool-temperate forest. Compared with tree branches of similar diameter and age, liana branches had substantially wider vessels and, on average, 10 times greater specific conductivity (K_s), supporting approximately six times more leaf area. While they experienced a nearly complete loss of K_s during winter, conductivity was fully restored before or during leaf expansion. This recovery was achieved either by refilling embolised vessels using positive xylem pressure or by reconstructing the hydraulic pathway with newly formed vessels, similar to mechanisms observed in trees. Seasonal sap-flow patterns during the growing season fell within the range observed for trees. Thus, cool-temperate lianas maintained hydraulic function at least as effectively as trees. Our results do not support a simple freeze-vulnerability hypothesis but instead suggest that the ecological success of cool-temperate lianas depends strongly on mechanisms that restore stem hydraulic function after winter.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10269-10279"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13725252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CPL1/FRY2 Regulates ABA Biosynthesis and Modulates SA/JA-Mediated Defence in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Lei He, Zhenjiang Wu, Ye Jin, Yizhong Wang, Yingmin Cheng, Huazhong Shi, Wannian Yang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase CPL1/FRY2 is a multifunctional regulator involved in diverse stress responses, yet its role in orchestrating hormone-mediated immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CPL1 regulates ABA biosynthesis and modulates SA/JA-associated defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss of CPL1 function compromises resistance to the hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000), coinciding with suppressed SA signalling and ectopic activation of JA-, ethylene-, and abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive genes. Hormone profiling revealed that upon Pst DC3000 infection, cpl1 mutants specifically accumulated ABA, but not SA, JA, or ethylene. Epistasis analyses showed that this ABA accumulation stems from the derepression of the seed-specific transcription factor FUSCA3 (FUS3) in vegetative tissues, which in turn drives expression of the ABA biosynthetic gene NCED3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses further revealed that FUS3 silencing in wild-type plants is maintained by repressive epigenetic marks, including low histone acetylation and high H3K9me2/3 levels, modifications that are disrupted in cpl1 mutants. Consequently, CPL1 promotes resistance to biotrophic/hemibiotrophic pathogens by epigenetically silencing FUS3 to prevent pathogen-induced ABA biosynthesis, thereby modulating SA/JA-associated defence responses. Our findings position CPL1 as a key integrator of epigenetic regulation, hormone crosstalk, and pathogen-specific immune tuning.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9554-9570"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Pollution and Climate Regulate the Large-Scale Pattern of Foliar Nitrogen Uptake by Urban Street Trees.","authors":"Tao He, Enzai Du, Yuehan Tian, Wim de Vries","doi":"10.1111/pce.70838","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urbanisation has fundamentally altered terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling and created N-enriched hotspots where street trees serve as essential green infrastructures. These street trees live in a distinctive environment with high-level reactive N emissions and blocked soil N cycling, potentially relying on direct N uptake via stomata as an important N source. However, the spatial pattern and primary drivers governing this non-root N uptake across broad climatic gradients remain elusive. Based on an analysis of leaf-soil difference in stable isotope ratios (∆ δ¹⁵N, i.e., foliar δ¹⁵N-topsoil δ¹⁵N) across 14 large cities in China, we show that urban street trees exhibit a V-shaped latitudinal pattern of isotope-inferred foliar N uptake, being independent of tree health status. Specifically, the strength of isotope-inferred foliar N uptake increases from subtropical to warm temperate zones and then declines toward colder regions. The spatial pattern of foliar N uptake by urban street trees is jointly regulated by various air pollutants and total precipitation from May to August. Specifically, the isotope-inferred foliar N uptake increases with higher road density (a surrogate for traffic NO_X emissions) and air concentrations of NH₃, O₃ and SO₂, as well as lower precipitation. Intriguingly, the isotope-inferred foliar N uptake shows a non-monotonic response to CO₂ concentrations. Our results provide isotopic evidence for a distinctive N acquisition strategy of urban street trees and highlight significant anthropogenic effects on foliar N uptake in urbanised landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9679-9689"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Autophagy in Plant Immunity: Mechanisms, Regulation, and Emerging Concepts in Xenophagy.","authors":"Laha Supriya, Deepika Dake, Pooja Shukla, Namisha Sharma, Padmaja Gudipalli, Mehanathan Muthamilarasan","doi":"10.1111/pce.70830","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selective autophagy has emerged as a critical component of plant immunity, yet its role as a dedicated antimicrobial mechanism, xenophagy, remains conceptually underdeveloped. In plants, xenophagy extends beyond bulk degradation to function as a highly regulated, cargo-specific pathway that targets invading pathogens and their effector molecules for autophagic clearance. Recent evidence demonstrates that selective autophagy receptors, particularly NBR1, integrate ubiquitin-mediated recognition with ATG8-dependent sequestration, enabling the elimination of bacterial, fungal, and viral components. However, this process is not merely degradative but operates at the intersection of immune signaling, proteostasis, and cellular decision-making. Here, we synthesize current advances in plant xenophagy and propose a unifying framework in which xenophagy appears to function as a cell-autonomous immune hub comprising three interconnected modules: cargo recognition, selective sequestration, and autophagic execution, dynamically modulated by pathogen-derived countermeasures. We further examine how pathogens subvert or exploit host autophagic machinery, revealing xenophagy as a contested interface in plant-pathogen interactions. By integrating molecular, cellular, and cross-kingdom perspectives, we highlight key conceptual gaps, including the specificity of cargo selection, the regulatory logic of receptor engagement, and the coordination between autophagy and canonical immune pathways. Resolving these gaps will be essential for repositioning xenophagy as a central determinant of plant immune competence, with significant implications for engineering disease-resistant crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9735-9751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}