Trees最新文献

{"title":"Effects of microclimatic variation on plant leaf traits at the community level along a tropical forest gradient","authors":"Dhiego da Silva Oliveira,&nbsp;Priscila Fernanda Simioni,&nbsp;Igor Araújo,&nbsp;Saulo Pireda,&nbsp;Marcos José Gomes Pessoa,&nbsp;Rodrigo Barbosa Braga Feitoza,&nbsp;Gabriel Silva Oliveira,&nbsp;Gabriel Ferreira Amaral,&nbsp;Maura Da Cunha","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02445-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02445-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Communities far from the tide line showed similarity, due to microclimatic similarities. There was a separation of the beach grass community through traits tolerant to environmental stress.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>It is challenging connections between leaf functional characteristics and environmental changes, especially in systems with high biodiversity, such as the Atlantic Forest that is considered vulnerable to climate change. This study characterizes the leaf morphoanatomy of twelve species that occur in different vegetation types (sandbanks forest formation, <i>Clusia</i> formation, beach grass and shrub formation, and beach grass formation) in sandbanks ecosystem in the Atlantic Forest. We did this to understand how leaf attributes adjust to the microclimatic variation in each vegetation type. Five individuals of each species in the vegetation types were collected. Subsequently, plant anatomy methods, including light and scanning electron microscopy, were used to make observations. Our findings showed a similarity between the vegetational types of sandbanks forest, <i>Clusia</i> formation, beach grass and shrub formation that may be related to the short distance between plant communities and/or being exposed to similar microclimatic conditions. Characteristics such as epidermal cells with straight walls, hypostomatic leaves and thick striated cuticles helped the species acclimate to the high irradiance conditions of these formations. On the other hand, the beach grass community was separate from the others since the species in this community have exclusive characteristics (aquiferous parenchyma, Kranz sheath, epistomatic leaf and large epidermal cells) that allow them to tolerate water and heat stress in this environment. These characteristics are present in vegetation close to sea line, but not in distant vegetation. Our results indicate expected changes in the distribution and functioning of the Atlantic Forest communities, which are characterized by large patches of environmental degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1499 - 1513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A generalized performance equation and its application in measuring the Gini index of leaf size inequality","authors":"Meng Lian,&nbsp;Peijian Shi,&nbsp;Liuyue Zhang,&nbsp;Weihao Yao,&nbsp;Johan Gielis,&nbsp;Karl J. Niklas","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02448-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02448-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>A generalized performance equation is proposed to fit the Lorenz curve of the leaf size distribution of an individual plant and is validated using 12 individual bamboo plants.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The goal of this study is to provide a rigorous tool to quantify the inequality of the leaf size distribution of an individual plant, thereby serving as a reference trait for quantifying plant adaptations to local environmental conditions. The tool to be presented and tested employs three components: (1) a performance equation (PE), which can produce flexible asymmetrical and symmetrical bell-shaped curves, (2) the Lorenz curve (i.e., the cumulative proportion of leaf size vs. the cumulative proportion of number of leaves), which is the basis for calculating, and (3) the Gini index, which measures the inequality of leaf size distribution. We sampled 12 individual plants of a dwarf bamboo and measured the area and dry mass of each leaf of each plant. We then developed a generalized performance equation (GPE) of which the PE is a special case and fitted the Lorenz curve to leaf size distribution using the GPE and PE. The GPE performed better than the PE in fitting the Lorenz curve. We compared the Gini index of leaf area distribution with that of leaf dry mass distribution and found that there was a significant difference between the two indices that might emerge from the scaling relationship between leaf dry mass and area. Nevertheless, there was a strong correlation between the two Gini indices (<i>r</i>² = 0.9846). This study provides a promising tool based on the GPE for quantifying the inequality of leaf size distributions across individual plants and can be used to quantify plant adaptations to local environmental conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1555 - 1565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic characterization of Pyrus glabra Boiss. and P. syriaca Boiss.: implications for conservation and utilization","authors":"Parisa Parvin,&nbsp;Ali Gharaghani,&nbsp;Ahmadreza Khosravi,&nbsp;Saeid Eshghi","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02442-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02442-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Basic comparative information was generated on phenotypic diversity of two important pear species (<i>Pyrus glabra</i> and <i>P. syriaca</i>) and superior genotypes were selected for conservation and utilization purposes.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The first and most important step for the conservation and utilization of any wild germplasm is phenotypic characterization. By adopting a comparative approach and applying multivariate statistical analysis, this study aimed to estimate the extent of variations in vegetative and reproductive traits of <i>Pyrus glabra</i> and <i>P. syriaca</i>, located in the south of the Zagros region, Iran. For this purpose, 30 genotypes of each species were evaluated in their natural habitats. The results showed that both species have a high level of diversity in many traits, including leaf area, fruit weight, total soluble solids/titratable acids (TSS/TA) ratio, and total phenol content. <i>P. glabra</i> had more traits with high coefficients of variation than <i>P. syriaca</i>. In both species, correlation analysis showed that leaf length and width, leaf petiole length, and leaf area correlated positively with fruit traits such as fruit weight, fruit diameter, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity. Based on the Ward method, a cluster analysis classified the genotypes of each species into three main groups at distances of 10. Principal component analysis revealed that, in both species, the first three factors mainly comprised quantitative traits of fruits and leaves, explaining about 44% of the variance. The results of cluster analysis, bi-plot illustration, correlation analysis, and principle component analysis (PCA) were in general agreement in both species. The genotypes were classified into two main categories, reflecting known morphological differences within each species and their geographical proximity. While considering a trait-syndrome approach, some genotypes of <i>P. syriaca</i>, with large fruit size, high ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activity, total phenol content, and a balanced TSS/TA ratio, were selected as potential ideotypes and parent materials for drought resistance and fruit quality traits. The superior genotypes can contribute to the current goals of pear breeding programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1537 - 1554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and drought reaction of European hornbeam, European white elm, field maple and wild service tree","authors":"Julia Schmucker,&nbsp;Enno Uhl,&nbsp;Gerhard Schmied,&nbsp;Hans Pretzsch","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02441-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02441-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Considering their drought tolerance and growth characteristics, rare native tree species are well-suited admixed species for the development of climate-stable forests in Central Europe.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>In our study, we assessed the growth and drought reaction of the four rare native tree species European hornbeam (<i>Carpinus betulus</i> L.), European white elm (<i>Ulmus laevis</i> Pall.), field maple (<i>Acer campestre</i> L.), and wild service tree (<i>Sorbus torminalis</i> (L.) Crantz). Based on tree-ring data, we (I) evaluated their species-specific growth characteristics and variability and examined the influencing site and tree characteristics on annual growth. (II) We quantified their reaction to single drought events, also depending on site and tree variables. (III) We compared our results to oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L., <i>Quercus petraea</i> (Matt.) Liebl.) and European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i> L.). As they are well-known Central European tree species, there is a broad knowledge about their growth and drought response across wide geographical ranges available. Bringing the results of European beech and oak in relation with the rare native species, it allows to categorise their growth and drought reaction and to contextualise their performance. Our results show, that besides European white elm, the rare species showed an overall lower annual growth with a higher variability than European beech and oak. However, especially field maple and wild service tree were better adapted to drought than European beech and partially even recovered better than oak. Combining the aspects of growth stability and drought tolerance, we conclude that rare native tree species are well suited as admixed species in future forest stands. European hornbeam is a suitable match for European beech on wetter sites, while field maple and wild service tree are a sensible complement for the climate stable oak on drier sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1515 - 1536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-023-02441-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forking and planting spacing impacts on wood density, X-ray density, and heartwood proportion of Tachigali vulgaris","authors":"Larissa Gonçalves Moraes,&nbsp;Michael Douglas Roque Lima,&nbsp;Gabriel Assis-Pereira,&nbsp;Delman de Almeida Gonçalves,&nbsp;Graziela Baptista Vidaurre,&nbsp;Lina Bufalino,&nbsp;Fernanda Trisltz Perassolo Guedes,&nbsp;Mário Tomazello-Filho,&nbsp;Thiago de Paula Protásio","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02443-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02443-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>In <i>Tachigali vulgaris</i> planting, the 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing reduced variability in wood properties and increased the proportion of medium-density wood, while forking increased the proportion of low-density wood.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Promising Amazonia species for forest energy crops require further investigation into how silviculture affects wood quality. This study sought to investigate how planting spacing and stem type (forked and non-forked) affect the basic wood density, X-ray density, and heartwood development of <i>Tachigali vulgaris</i> in a homogeneous plantation in Amazonia. The experiment was established with initial planting spacings of 3.0 × 1.5 m, 3.0 × 2.0 m, 3.0 × 2.5 m, 3.0 × 3.0 m, 3.0 × 3.5 m, and 3.0 × 4.0 m. 102-month-old trees were harvested for the work. Disks sampled along the stem height were tested for wood basic density and density measured by X-ray densitometry (air-dry density by growth ring) analyses. Disks obtained at the 1.3 m height were photographed and submitted to image manipulation for heartwood/sapwood analysis. The lowest average wood density was 0.512 g cm⁻³ in the 3.0 × 1.5 m spacing, and the highest was 0.538 g cm⁻³ in the 3.0 × 4.0 m spacing. Among non-forked trees, 66% had medium-density (≥ 0.500 g cm⁻³) and 34% low-density (&lt; 0.500 g cm⁻³) wood. In contrast, forked trees had only 55% of trees with medium-density wood. The X-ray density profiles reduced from 0.713 to 0.582 g cm⁻³ in the increasing longitudinal direction and from 0.393 to 0.973 g cm⁻³ in the radial direction. Forking did not influence the heartwood proportion (60.03–61.54%). The 3.0 × 3.0 m spacing favored the wood quality concerning density class and variability, while the widest spacings improved heartwood formation. The forking increases the chances of low-density wood and its variations along the stem. Thus, future genetic studies should focus on this phenomenon to increase the productivity of <i>Tachigali vulgaris</i> energy forests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1567 - 1581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound reaction to trunk injection of oxytetracycline or water in huanglongbing-affected sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees","authors":"Leigh Archer,&nbsp;Ute Albrecht","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02440-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02440-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>\u0000 <b>Trunk injection causes injury to trees and best practices must be established for use of this technology to manage vascular diseases such as huanglongbing.</b>\u0000 </p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Trunk injection is a technique for applying plant protection compounds that has demonstrated efficacy for management of huanglongbing (HLB), a bacterial disease which has devastated the Florida citrus industry. Recently, the antibacterial oxytetracycline has been approved for trunk injection in citrus in Florida. Despite its potential for restoring health of HLB-affected trees, little information is available on the trees’ ability to heal and compartmentalize the wounds caused by trunk injection and the interaction with season and other factors. In this study, 5-year-old HLB-affected sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) trees were injected bi-monthly to measure seasonal differences in the rate of uptake of injected water and to compare the external and internal wound reaction in both scion and rootstock. Also investigated was the wound reaction after trunk injection of an injectable formulation of oxytetracycline. Injection during spring and summer promoted more rapid wound closure compared to injection in fall or winter, and injection into the scion was less damaging than injection into the rootstock. Although citrus trees effectively compartmentalized wounds inflicted by injection of water, injection of oxytetracycline impeded wound healing and increased internal damage. Application of a fungicide or pruning sealant increased the size of the wound internally and externally. For trunk injection to be adopted for use in commercial citrus orchards, the benefits of injection must outweigh the risks of wounding associated with the application method. This study provides first insight on some of the best practices for effectively utilizing trunk injection in citrus as a crop protection strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1483 - 1497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-023-02440-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the trait-based approach in ecological restoration studies: a global review","authors":"Nathalie Loureiro,&nbsp;Dulce Mantuano,&nbsp;Adriana Manhães,&nbsp;Jerônimo Sansevero","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02439-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02439-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>It is important to increase studies on effect traits in monitoring restoration areas, as well as to encourage the use of PFT in the planning of restoration programs.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The trait-based approach can be used as an important tool along the whole process of restoration, since plant functional traits (PFT) explain how species respond to environmental changes (response traits) and how they affect ecosystem functioning and species coexistence (effect traits). We performed a systematic review to investigate to what extent PFT have been assessed in ecological restoration initiatives worldwide. We found 341 articles, the majority of them published during the last decade. Studies measuring response traits were more frequent than those on effect traits. Experimental designs were as frequent as active and passive restoration actions and only 8 studies involved restoration planning, which may be related to our limited knowledge about species’ trait–function relationships. The response–effect framework was present in only 2.3% of the articles, which shows a knowledge gap on the applicability of the functional approach in restoration areas. Most studies were developed in temperate biomes and young restoration sites (&lt; 5 years); thus, little is known about the intermediate- and long-term effects of plants in their environment in a restoration context. Leaf traits were the most accessed in all studies. The increasing use of PFT in ecological restoration can build the bridge between theoretical and applied science. The low number of papers using PFT in restoration planning might be an alert of encouragement for the strengthening communication between researchers and practitioners. Our results may help in understanding the present use of the trait-based approach on ecological restoration science and shed light on research gaps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1287 - 1297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using tree rings to detect a CO2 fertilization effect: a global review","authors":"Benjamin Laffitte,&nbsp;Barnabas C. Seyler,&nbsp;Pengbo Li,&nbsp;Zhengang Ha,&nbsp;Ya Tang","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02438-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02438-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Evidence for the CFE was mixed. New dendrochronological experimental designs are needed, especially in tropical and boreal biomes. A weakness of current methodologies could impede the ability to detect a CFE.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide on plant growth and the carbon cycle have stimulated extensive research. Over the last three decades, CO₂ enrichment experiments have tested the CO₂ fertilization effect (CFE) hypothesis. Yet, CO₂ enrichment studies have been criticized for having unrealistic designs. Multiple studies have sought to use tree-ring analyses to verify the CFE under more natural conditions. To assess the breadth of scholarship about CO₂ fertilization on tree radial growth, this study conducted a tri-lingual (English, French, and Chinese) literature review. Finding no French, just one Chinese, and 73 English articles directly related to this topic, all 74 relevant tree-ring studies (1984–2020) were reviewed in-depth. We found an underrepresentation of studies from key regions important to the global carbon cycle, particularly tropical and boreal biomes. Evidence for the CFE was mixed: about 32.4% of dendrochronological studies found a CFE, another 23% found radial growth trends explained by both CO₂ fertilization and other climatic variables, 5.4% attributed tree growth only to climate change, and 39.2% (primarily in tropical areas) did not find any evidence of a CFE. Synthesized results of global scholarship highlight the need for new dendrochronological experimental designs to exclude climatic and environmental variables and test whether CO₂ fertilization occurs in tropical regions. Furthermore, weakness of current methodologies could lessen the ability to detect a CFE. More focused research is necessary from under-represented regions, and to test the effects of increasing anthropogenic activities (such as localized elevated CO₂ emissions) on tree growth in nature settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1299 - 1314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and compositional acclimation of forests to extended drought: results of the KROOF throughfall exclusion experiment in Norway spruce and European beech","authors":"Hans Pretzsch,&nbsp;Shamim Ahmed,&nbsp;Thomas Rötzer,&nbsp;Gerhard Schmied,&nbsp;Torben Hilmers","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02435-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02435-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drought effects on tree growth and mortality are widely studied, but scant knowledge exists on its impact on stand density, size variation, or mixing proportions. Grasping drought's influence on structural and compositional diversity is crucial for stand dynamics, ecosystem services, and silvicultural adaptation. We relied on KROOF, a 5-year throughfall exclusion experiment in a mature Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) and European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>) stand, to analyze its impact on structural and compositional attributes, including Stand Density Index (SDI), Growth Dominance Coefficient (GDC), and species mixing proportion. Our study demonstrates that drought-induced growth reduction and tree loss decreased SDI by 27%, mixing proportion by 41% at Norway spruce’s expense, and homogenized stand structure. Furthermore, we reveal that stand density, mixing proportion, and structural diversity were more affected in Norway spruce, stabilizing growth at the stand level. Extended drought significantly altered growth partitioning in favor of smaller trees, with a 70% reduction in growth-size relationship slope and a 157% decrease in GDC. Species-level analysis indicated a stronger partitioning shift towards smaller trees, particularly in Norway spruce. We discuss that longer drought periods may trigger acclimation at tree and stand levels, potentially underestimated when based solely on individual drought years. Sustained stress could induce acclimation across various levels, from the stand to the species cohort, tree, and organ. Maintaining structural and compositional diversity may mitigate future drought stress effects on growth, mortality, and stand structure, as exemplified by the extended experimental drought. We suggest silvicultural approaches better attuned to natural processes amid climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1443 - 1463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-023-02435-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vigor and viability during seed storage of three Campomanesia species endemic to southern Brazil","authors":"Rosa Angelica Elias,&nbsp;Daniela Goeten,&nbsp;Maycon Morais da Silva,&nbsp;Amanda Santos,&nbsp;Neusa Steiner","doi":"10.1007/s00468-023-02433-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-023-02433-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p><i>Campomanesia</i> spp produce seeds with high viability and vigor which\u0000are tolerant to desiccation but not to cold temperature.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The genus <i>Campomanesia</i> has ecological and economic importance in the Atlantic Forest, but 19 of its species are on the red list of threatened species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). There is a lack of studies on seed biology and considerable urgency in developing strategies for their ex-situ conservation and subsequent use in restoration. In this study, we analyzed the viability and vigor in seeds of three <i>Campomanesia</i> species under different temperatures to determine the ideal conditions for storage. Additionally, we analyzed the factors that influence their response in storage. Differences in germination, tetrazolium and germination speed index were compared for three <i>Campomanesia</i> species with different distributions in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (<i>C. xanthocarpa</i>, <i>C. reitziana</i> and <i>C. littoralis</i>). Seeds of three species were stored in two water contents, three temperatures, for six period and liquid nitrogen. The three species presented seeds sensitive to freezing (−20 °C and liquid nitrogen). <i>C. xanthocarpa</i> seeds showed a short life during storage at 25 °C and 8 °C. <i>C. reitziana</i> and <i>C. littoralis</i> seeds with initial water content showed high germination up to 120 days of storage at 8 °C and these values were higher than seeds with water content of 0.16 g H₂O. g dw^− 1 stored under the same conditions. Finally, our results of the characterization of the tolerance to drying and the behavior during storage at different temperatures of <i>C. xanthocarpa</i>, <i>C. littoralis</i> and <i>C. reitziana</i> are the base line for the generation of successful conservation strategies, both in situ and ex situ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"37 5","pages":"1417 - 1433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6551715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}