Trees最新文献

{"title":"The effect of climate at origin on Douglas-fir growth, leaf traits and embolism resistance along a rainfall gradient in Central Europe","authors":"Vincent P. Riedel,&nbsp;Patrick Engel,&nbsp;Pierre-André Waite,&nbsp;Roman M. Link,&nbsp;Randolf Schirmer,&nbsp;Joachim Hamberger,&nbsp;Bernhard Schuldt","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02605-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02605-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p><b>In Douglas-fir grown in Central Europe, growth and specific leaf area differed between coastal and interior provenances but little intra-specific variability was found for the Huber value and xylem safety.</b></p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>In Central Europe, the economically most important timber species for roundwood production, Norway spruce, has been severely affected by recent global change-type drought events. Due to its large spatial distribution, Douglas-fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) is considered for conversion to climate-resilient forests. Specifically, provenances from moister coastal and drier and colder interior regions might differ in drought tolerance traits. Here, we characterized aboveground biomass increment as well as leaf morphological and plant hydraulic traits in mature trees of 28 Douglas-fir provenances from three climate-at-origin groups across a climatic gradient in Central Europe, covering a precipitation range of 542 mm yr⁻¹. Irrespective of the gradient, the northern interior provenances had a 5.4 kg yr⁻¹ lower aboveground biomass increment than the two coastal groups, accompanied by a 13% smaller specific leaf area. On the other hand, the Huber value, embolism resistance (<i>P</i>₅₀) and leaf carbon isotope signature (δ¹³C) as proxy for long-term intrinsic water use efficiency did not differ between climate-origin groups. Across the gradient and within a climate-origin-group, no effect of climatic aridity on any of the traits covered was observed. Especially <i>P</i>₅₀ showed very little intra-specific variability, and our observed mean of −3.5 MPa is in the same range as <i>P</i>₅₀-values for Douglas-fir recently reported from Europe. Our results for Douglas-fir support that xylem safety is a rather conservative and evolutionary canalized trait in conifers, while the Huber value revealed less plasticity as expected. Future studies are needed to test whether slower-growing interior provenances with thicker and smaller needles might be more drought tolerant and thus better suited for cultivation in the future climate of Central Europe although xylem safety does not differ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-025-02605-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of local climate and large-scale climate drivers on the growth of Gmelina arborea Roxb. in a South Asian moist tropical forest","authors":"Chowdhury Rafatul Kabir,&nbsp;Mahmuda Islam,&nbsp;Md Bayzid Hassan,&nbsp;Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02618-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02618-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Tree growth of <i>Gmelina arborea</i> Roxb is mainly influenced by pre-monsoon temperatures and ENSO in a moist tropical forest of Bangladesh.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of climate change on tree radial growth in a moist tropical forest of Bangladesh. A standard ring-width index chronology (RWI) of <i>Gmelina arborea</i> Roxb. was developed spanning the 92-year period from 1929 to 2020 using the standard dendrochronological technique. The association between climate variables and RWI was determined by employing simple Pearson's correlation. Pre- and post-monsoon maximum temperature (Tmax) had a strong negative impact on tree growth. Temperatures during the monsoon period however favored tree growth. Tree growth was also influenced by previous years’ temperature providing evidence of a lag effect on radial growth. On a spatial scale, tree growth was influenced by regional climate and sea surface temperatures of Ninö 3.4 region, indicating teleconnection between tree growth and large-scale climate phenomenon. If the negative relationship between temperatures and tree growth continues in future, it will have important implications for tropical forest tree biomass, since temperature is predicted to increase in the tropics. Future global warming is thus very likely to affect the carbon sequestration potential of tropical forests in the face of climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-025-02618-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning methods for basal area prediction of Fagus orientalis Lipsky stands based on national forest inventory","authors":"Seyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini,&nbsp;Hamid Jalilvand,&nbsp;Asghar Fallah,&nbsp;Hamed Asadi,&nbsp;Mahya Tafazoli","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02616-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02616-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key Message</h3><p>Machine learning models accurately predict <i>F. orientalis</i> stand basal area in the Hyrcanian forest using environmental variables, with the RF model performing best. Elevation is the most important predictor.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Accurate prediction of tree basal area (BA) as an important forest stand structural characteristic is essential for sustainable forest management. The aim of this study was to use four machine learning methods, including generalized linear model (GLM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF), to predict and assess the stand BA of <i>Fagus orientalis</i> Lipsky using national forest inventory data and a comprehensive set environmental variables. Modeling was performed using a 10-fold spatial cross-validation technique to counteract the effect of spatial auto-correlation in predictor and response data, as well as to reduce the dependency between training and test data. The RF model outperformed the others by having the best match between measured and predicted stand BA values, with the highest squared correlation coefficient (<span>({R}_{text{Train}}^{2})</span> = 0.77; <span>({R}_{text{Test}}^{2})</span>= 0.76) and the lowest root mean square error (<span>({text{RMSE}}_{text{Train}})</span>= 2.70; <span>({text{RMSE}}_{text{Test}})</span>= 2.90) and mean absolute error (<span>({text{MAE}}_{text{Train}})</span>= 1.74; <span>({text{MAE}}_{text{Test}})</span>=1.76). Among all investigated variables, elevation showed the highest correlation with stand BA of <i>F. orientalis</i> in the Hyrcanian forest. The relation was positive and restricted to the range of approximately 700 to 1200 m. The RF and GLM models indicated the bulk density as the second-most important variable, whereas the SVM and kNN models indicated the air temperature as the second important variable. In general, this research identifies key variables influencing the stand BA of <i>F. orientalis</i>, providing valuable insights for forest management and conservation efforts. These findings contribute to a better understanding of forest dynamics in the Hyrcanian region and can inform targeted management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does atmospheric nitrogen deposition cause critical nutrient imbalances in temperate tree regeneration?","authors":"Viktoria Dietrich,&nbsp;Jörg Niederberger,&nbsp;Jana Frank,&nbsp;Markus Hauck","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02615-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02615-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Nitrogen deposition and precipitation analyzed along independent gradients did not cause major foliar nutrient imbalances that affected tree health in temperate tree regeneration of <i>Fagus sylvatica</i>, <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> and <i>Abies alba</i>.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>While drought tolerance receives great attention in the scope of climate change research, the response of trees to high N deposition, which is also part of global change, has remained less studied. We investigated 45 temperate forest stands across Germany along a gradient of atmospheric N deposition of 22 kg N ha⁻¹ a⁻¹ (range 10–32 kg N ha⁻¹ a⁻¹) and analyzed foliar nutrient concentrations and ratios in saplings of European beech, Douglas fir, and silver fir. We also measured relative shoot length increment and (as a proxy for intrinsic water use efficiency, WUEi, and stomatal conductance, <i>g</i>_s) foliar δ¹³C signatures to detect potential effects of nutrient imbalances on productivity and plant water relations. Although all species responded on deposition with increased foliar N concentrations, reduced foliar nutrient concentrations were only observed for P, but not K, Ca, Mg, and Fe. The effect on foliar P concentrations was only observed at sites with low mean annual precipitation (range 565–1690 mm). Reduced growth was not observed. Low foliar P concentrations were associated with high <i>g</i>_s in Douglas fir, which poses a potential risk under dry conditions and is consistent with the literature, but lacks a mechanistic explanation. The lack of nutrient imbalance at high N supply can at least partly be explained by the relatively low absolute amounts of nutrients needed by the small-sized tree regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-025-02615-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights of Dalbergia latifolia (Indian rosewood): applications in conservation and beyond","authors":"T. N. Manohara,&nbsp;S. M. Balakrishna,&nbsp;H. S. Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02617-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02617-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key Message</h3><p>The de novo genome sequencing of <i>Dalbergia latifolia</i> (Indian rosewood) reveals crucial genetic insights, aiding conservation, sustainable timber production, and scientific research. The high-quality draft genome identifies key pathways and markers for improving disease resistance and timber quality, supporting the protection and sustainable use of this important species.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Wood, as a natural and sustainable energy source, serves as an eco-efficient alternative to fossil fuels, and is playing a vital role in stabilizing woody plants and transporting water to all plant parts. Over the last few decades, our knowledge of cellular wood formation (xylogenesis) has significantly increased. <i>Dalbergia latifolia,</i> commonly known as ‘Indian rosewood’, emerges as a premier timber species from the Indo-Malaysian region. This slow-growing tree is prized for its durable timber, which is stronger and harder than teak, and for its natural resistance to pests and fungal attacks. However, escalating demand for rosewood, particularly from China, has led to increased illegal exploitation and listing under CITES Appendix 2. By the end of 2020, <i>D. latifolia</i> was assessed as globally vulnerable by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species under criteria A1cd. Key threats in India include inadequate regeneration and slow growth rates due to rising commercial demand. In response, India has banned the export of logs and sawn wood from this species. Despite its ecological and economic significance, genome-level information for <i>D. latifolia</i> has been lacking, hindering scientific research and conservation efforts. This study presents a comprehensive de novo genome sequencing and assembly of <i>D. latifolia</i>, providing valuable insights into its genetic makeup and potential applications. We generated 22,319 contigs totaling 613.95 Mb with high completeness (95%) and an identification rate of 92% for single-copy BUSCO genes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental study of thorns in tissue culture clone of Lycium ruthenicum","authors":"Haifeng Ke,&nbsp;Yuliang Zhou,&nbsp;Jianguo Cui,&nbsp;Lijie Zhang,&nbsp;Yucheng Wang,&nbsp;Qin-Mei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02610-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02610-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Lycium ruthenicum</i> is a thorny shrub species that possesses both economic and ecological benefits; however, the processes and mechanisms underlying its thorn development remain inadequately understood. This study found that clonal line 11 of <i>L. ruthenicum</i> exhibited no thorns prior to transplantation. However, 40 days after transplantation, two distinct phenotypes emerged: thorny and thornless. Thorny plants exhibited significantly higher thorn frequency, larger stem diameters (both at the apex and base), increased leaf density, greater leaf width, and elevated photosynthetic rates in the apical buds and leaves compared to thornless plants. Histological analysis of paraffin sections demonstrated that the meristem tissues located at the axils of thornless stems progressively differentiated into axillary buds, without giving rise to thorn primordia. In contrast, the meristem tissues at the axils of thorny stems developed into thorn primordia, which subsequently matured into branch-thorns, while the tissues beneath the thorn primordia differentiated into axillary buds. The developmental stages of the apical bud and the upper four stem nodes were identified as critical periods determining the presence of thorns on the branch. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that a <i>L. ruthenicum</i> sucrose synthase gene (<i>LrSUS</i>) was highly expressed in leaflets and leaf primordia, as well as in glandular hairs, but not in thorn structures. Additionally, real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of <i>LrSUS</i> in the leaves of thorny plants was significantly higher than that observed in the leaves of thornless plants. These suggest that the <i>LrSUS</i> gene does not directly promote thorn formation through high expression in thorn primordia; instead, it may indirectly promote thorn development by its elevated expression in leaves and enhancing overall photosynthesis. This study elucidates the developmental process of thorn in <i>L. ruthenicum</i> line 11, emphasizes the role of <i>LrSUS</i> in thorn development, and lays a foundation for future gene screening and mechanistic investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similar but unique: physiological response to drought and growth of pure species and interspecific hybrid clones of Eucalyptus","authors":"José Gándara,&nbsp;Matías Nión,&nbsp;Jaime González-Tálice,&nbsp;Silvia Ross,&nbsp;Juan Villar,&nbsp;María Elena Fernández","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02609-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02609-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p><i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> and hybrids with red gums and <i>E. urophylla</i> exhibit different strategies to deal with long-term drought, involving differences in stomatal regulation, plant hydraulics, and growth.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p><i>Eucalyptus</i> species are important in commercial forestry for their rapid growth and adaptability. In the context of climate change, evaluating the drought responses of different genotypes is critical for enhancing resilience and productivity. Genetic improvement often involves crossing fast-growing, high-quality species with drought-tolerant ones. Understanding trade-offs in pure species and hybrids is essential for optimizing forest management. This study examined physiologic and growth responses to water restriction (WR) of <i>E. grandis</i> (GG), <i>E. grandis</i> × <i>E. camaldulensis</i> (GC), <i>E. grandis</i> × <i>E. tereticornis</i> (GT), and <i>E. grandis</i> × <i>E. urophylla</i> (GU1 and GU2) clones at the sapling stage across two drought cycles. Measurements included leaf-water potential (Ψ), relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (<i>g</i>_S), pressure–volume traits, hydraulic conductivities (k_S, k_L), percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC), specific leaf area (SLA), and chlorophyll content. Results revealed different drought response strategies among clones. GC and GT hybrids were more “water spenders”, exhibiting high PLC (&gt; 80%) due to limited stomatal closure, along with higher chlorophyll levels that maximized carbon gain and growth under drought. GC exhibited both elastic and osmotic adjustment, while GT showed only elastic adjustment. GG was the most drought-sensitive clone, relying on strong stomatal control, osmotic adjustment, and low cavitation, which limited carbon assimilation and resulted in the greatest growth reduction. GU hybrids shared physiologic similarities with GG but showed varying growth responses to WR. These findings suggest some hybrid clones may outperform pure <i>E. grandis</i> under WR, with significant genotype variation even among hybrids sharing similar parental species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthetic induction and sunfleck responses of three understory tree species in forests of the Mid-Atlantic U.S","authors":"Jessica L. Schedlbauer,&nbsp;Sarah Paynter","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02611-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02611-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Photosynthetic induction was rapid in three shade-tolerant understory saplings, and surprisingly, native and non-native <i>Acer</i> species gained induction more quickly when exposed to sequential lightflecks, relative to constant saturating light.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Growing regeneration mismatch between forest canopy and understory environments is evident in broadleaf forests of the eastern U.S., leading to novel understory forest composition. Three co-occurring shade-tolerant tree species in forest understories of southeastern Pennsylvania are the natives <i>Acer rubrum</i> and <i>Fagus grandifolia</i> and the non-native <i>Acer platanoides</i>. Physiological attributes contributing to these species’ relative success in the understory’s dynamic light environment are poorly characterized. Three saplings per species from three sites were sampled to examine photosynthetic induction and lightfleck responses. Predictors of photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (g_s) during lightflecks were also examined. The rate and magnitude of photosynthetic induction were similar among species, with all gaining induction rapidly, as expected for shade-tolerant species. However, physiological strategies supporting induction responses varied by species, as <i>A. rubrum</i> had more responsive stomata and significantly lower stomatal limitation during induction, as well as significantly higher A/g_s when fully induced. Surprisingly, lightfleck responses differed from induction responses for the two <i>Acer</i> species, both of which exhibited significantly greater cumulative carbon assimilation than when exposed to constant saturating light, particularly during short-duration lightflecks. Leaf nitrogen and g_s were significant predictors of lightfleck responses, while species identity was not. Although induction gain under saturating light was rapid for all species, variable lightfleck responses favoring the <i>Acer</i> species provide an advantage given the intermittent nature of understory light availability. As eastern broadleaf forest composition continues to change in response to diverse pressures, the <i>Acer</i> species are well-positioned to persist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moso bamboo sucrose synthase gene SUS3 promotes earlier germination of tiller buds in Dendrocalamus brandisii ‘Manxie Tianzhu’","authors":"Weijie Sun,&nbsp;Muthusamy Ramakrishnan,&nbsp;Long-Hai Zou,&nbsp;Kai-Li Wang,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhou,&nbsp;Mingbing Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02612-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02612-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p><b>Transient overexpression of </b><b><i>PeSUS3</i></b> <b>using a</b> <b><i>BaMV</i></b> <b>vector in</b><b><i> D. brandisii</i></b> <b>‘Manxie Tianzhu’ enhanced tillering bud germination and growth, suggesting a crucial role for sucrose metabolism in bamboo development.</b></p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Bamboo shoots are highly sought after in China for their nutritional value. <i>Dendrocalamus brandisii</i> ‘Manxie Tianzhu’ (Manxie Sweet Dragon Bamboo) faces supply challenges due to limited distribution, necessitating faster growing, higher yielding varieties. The sucrose synthase gene, particularly <i>PeSUS3</i>, is vital for sucrose metabolism, nutrient transport, and regulating dormancy release and bud germination, yet its role in bamboo shoot production is not well understood. This study used a bamboo mosaic virus vector (BaMV) to overexpress <i>PeSUS3</i> in <i>D. brandisii</i> ‘Manxie Tianzhu’ seedlings. <i>PeSUS3</i> was cloned into the BaMV-P19-EGFP-2 vector, introduced into <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>, and used to infect tobacco leaves. The resulting virus was mechanically inoculated into the bamboo seedlings. Analysis revealed that <i>PeSUS3</i> overexpression increased the number of tiller buds and accelerated germination by 1–2 days compared to controls. Despite the transient overexpression of <i>PeSUS3</i>, the increased sucrose content in the overexpressing plants suggests a role for sucrose metabolism in these processes. These findings emphasize the importance of the transient overexpression of <i>PeSUS3</i> in promoting tillering bud germination and growth in <i>D. brandisii</i> ‘Manxie Tianzhu’, providing a foundation for future research on its function and mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration implications of the germination ecology of six dry-forest woody Fabaceae species in Mexico","authors":"Citlali Aguirre-Salcedo,&nbsp;Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias,&nbsp;Roland Jansson","doi":"10.1007/s00468-025-02606-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-025-02606-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p><b>Seed germination responses to variation in temperature and light differed among six dry forest species, results that will inform ecological restoration and climate change adaptation projects.</b></p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>In dry forests, where opportunities for plant establishment occur in a narrow window of opportunity, seeds must respond to cues to germinate when conditions for growth are suitable. Knowledge of the strategies and adaptations of seeds to the seasonal dry-forest ecosystems, being under constant threat, is needed to guide restoration and management actions in the face of climate change. We investigated the effects of scarification, temperature and light in germination percentage, germination time and synchrony of six woody Fabaceae species. The species have ecological potential for restoration and are of cultural or economic importance for the local people in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico. We carried out a multifactorial germination experiment with five temperatures, two light regimes and two scarification conditions for <i>Mimosa luisana</i>, <i>M. polyantha</i>, <i>M. adenantheroides</i>, <i>M. lactiflua</i>, <i>Acaciella angustissima</i> and <i>Vachellia constricta</i>. All germinated in a wide range of temperatures (10–40 °C), and mechanical scarification highly increased the germination percentage. Higher temperature increased and speeded up germination in dark conditions for most of the species, but they exist heterogeneous responses in their germination synchrony. Studied species had high germination percentages in warm temperatures, but their recruitment in nature might be negatively affected by warmer and drier conditions, and by the loss of shade and seed dispersers due to deforestation and changes in land use. It is crucial to study not just germination percentage and time but also other aspects of the germination process such as the germination synchrony, since it might reveal useful information for management actions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-025-02606-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}