生命科学最新文献

{"title":"The AaMYB61-AaNAC3 Transcriptional Cascade Synergistically Promotes Fruit Softening by Activating Cell Wall Degradation in Kiwiberry.","authors":"Jian Wang, Fan-Jing Zhang, Yu-Ping Man, Mei-Ru Lin, Xue-Mei Lu, Shi-Biao Liu, Andrew C Allan, Yan-Chang Wang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70911","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compared with traditional fuzzy kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis), kiwiberry (A. arguta) undergoes markedly rapid softening after harvest, representing an accelerated climacteric ripening process where ethylene plays a central role. To dissect the regulatory network underlying this process, we used the ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to retard softening and capture potential transcriptional regulators. Through integrated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, we characterised an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor AaMYB61, whose expression is suppressed by 1-MCP. Dual-luciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that AaMYB61 directly binds to the promoters of cell wall degradation-related genes (AaPME1 and AaMAN1), thereby promoting pectin and hemicellulose disassembly. Furthermore, AaMYB61 transactivates the NAC transcription factor AaNAC3, with which it physically interacts to synergistically enhance downstream gene expression. Transient overexpression of AaMYB61 or AaNAC3 in kiwiberry accelerates fruit softening, while stable overexpression of AaMYB61 in kiwifruit (A. chinensis) alters leaf cell wall composition. Likewise, heterologous overexpression of AaMYB61 in tomato accelerates fruit softening and upregulates the expression of ripening-associated genes. These findings reveal that the AaMYB61-AaNAC3 module, which is suppressed by 1-MCP, acts as a transcriptional hub regulating cell wall disassembly and fruit softening in kiwiberry, providing molecular insights for fruit quality improvement and preservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10333-10346"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Subunit Engineering of Photorespiratory Glycine Decarboxylase Refines Photosynthesis, Growth and Metabolic Robustness of Arabidopsis.","authors":"Hu Sun, Yannic C R Wagner, Wieke-Marie Rosenfeldt, Rhena Schumann, Stéphanie Arrivault, Guillaume Decros, Rhiannon Page, Elizabete Carmo Silva, Tracy Lawson, Wei Huang, Alisdair R Fernie, Hermann Bauwe, Martin Hagemann, Stefan Timm","doi":"10.1111/pce.70836","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photorespiration secures oxygenic photosynthesis from metabolic constraints arising from the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco in today's oxygen-rich atmosphere. Beyond this protective function, it is vital for primary metabolism, cellular redox balance, and stomatal regulation. Importantly, photorespiration has emerged as a key target for improving CO₂ assimilation and biomass production. Among proposed strategies, enhancing photorespiratory efficiency via upregulation of core enzymes has highlighted glycine decarboxylase (GDC) as a promising target, however, it remains unclear whether simultaneous upregulation of multiple GDC components would yield additive or synergistic improvements in plant environmental acclimation. Here, we systematically compared single and double GDC overexpression lines under varying photoperiods, elevated oxygen and high light. GDC upregulation consistently promoted growth across photoperiods and enhanced photosynthetic performance under high light and oxygen, indicating a severe benefit of increased photorespiratory metabolite conversion. Notably, double overexpression lines exhibited enhanced metabolic flexibility beyond that observed in single lines, supporting synergistic effects on carbon assimilation and allocation. Short-term high-light exposure further revealed increased Rubisco activity and efficient partitioning of carbon into sucrose and starch. Collectively, our results demonstrate that coordinated enhancement of GDC activity strengthens photorespiratory efficiency and can generate synergistic improvements in photosynthetic robustness, metabolic robustness, and environmental acclimation under stressful conditions. These findings position multicomponent GDC engineering as a promising strategy for developing crops with improved environmental acclimation capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9571-9585"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13725254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148786310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiplexed Nanosensors for Real-Time Monitoring of VOC-Mediated Signalling Response in Plants.","authors":"Mervin Chun-Yi Ang, Jolly Madathiparambil Saju, Sayyid Mohaideen, Niha Dhar, Sarangapani Sreelatha, Sayuj Koyyappurath, Thomas K Porter, Gabriel Sánchez-Velázquez, Vaishnavi Reddy Amarr, Song Wang, Duc Thinh Khong, Suh In Loh, Michael S Strano, Sarojam Rajani","doi":"10.1111/pce.70844","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To enhance crop performance, intercropping strategies leverage volatile organic compound (VOC)-driven interactions with companion plants that constitutively emit VOCs. Despite the agricultural importance, the mechanisms and kinetics of VOC-mediated sensory transduction in receiver plants eavesdropping on neighbouring non-kin emitters remain largely unknown due to a lack of appropriate non-destructive analytical tools. In this work, we employ multiplexed salicylic acid (SA) and H₂O₂ nanosensors in Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis (pak choy) plants to visualize, in real time, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and SA signal transduction following exposure to constitutively-released VOCs from neighbouring aromatic plants-namely sweet basil and spearmint. Unique emitter-specific temporal signatures of ROS and SA were observed in receiver pak choy: sweet basil VOCs induced concomitant generation of ROS and SA at 30 min, whereas spearmint VOCs triggered SA production at 30 min, followed by ROS accumulation. The temporal data enabled the formulation of a diffusion model that quantifies the VOC perception threshold that triggers the distinct early ROS and SA signalling. Transcriptomics analysis at 2 h revealed that both emitters evoke largely distinct changes in pak choy, likely stemming from variations in speed and sequence of the early signal transduction, leading to different phenotypic outcomes. Intercropping with sweet basil led to enhanced pak choy biomass, stress resilience and secondary metabolite accumulation, whereas spearmint as companions had a limited impact. Our study captures in real time, the VOC-induced rapid signalling in receiver plants and its ensuing effect on growth. These nanosensor-enabled findings represent an important advance in deciphering how emitter-specific volatile cues are integrated into plant responses, guiding rational selection of beneficial companion plants for improved yield and nutritional profiles in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9907-9931"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13725256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Developmental Reprogramming by Hymenopteran Gall Wasps: From Biochemical Signals to Molecular Mechanisms.","authors":"Muhammad Kamran, Preeti Mishra, Jin-Bo Sun, Jin Hu, Yuan-Hao Li, Jun-Yan Liu, Gina Aliya Sopha, Xiong Zhao He, Xia-Lin Zheng","doi":"10.1111/pce.70869","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gall induction by hymenopteran gall wasps is one of the most sophisticated forms of plant-insect interaction, in which insects manipulate plant development to produce specialized, nutrient-rich structures that support their growth and reproduction. Despite substantial advances, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying gall formation remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on gall induction, focusing insect-derived signals, phytohormonal regulation, host developmental reprogramming, nutrient manipulation, and defense modulation. Evidence from physiological, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies indicates that gall development involves extensive reprogramming of host cellular, developmental, metabolic, and defense-related pathways. Altered auxin and cytokinin dynamics are associated with abnormal cell proliferation, tissue differentiation, vascular reorganization, and nutrient sink establishment, while gall-inducing wasps modulate host defenses through changes in oxidative signaling, secondary metabolism, and gene expression. Host genotype influences gall outcomes, with resistant plants exhibiting stronger defenses and restricted gall development. Collectively, available evidence suggests that gall formation results from the coordinated interaction of developmental, hormonal, metabolic, and defense-related processes. However, candidate insect-derived effectors may trigger phytohormonal alterations, nutrient sink formation, and defense modulation, collectively contributing to the reprogramming of host tissues into specialized organs that support insect development. Future multi-omics and functional studies are needed to identify key drivers of gall induction and host manipulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10024-10041"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression GWAS and Differential Methylome Profiling Reveal Upstream Regulators of Drought Memory Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Debankona Marik, Rishabh Kumar, Ayan Sadhukhan","doi":"10.1111/pce.70914","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants adapt to recurrent drought through transcriptional memory, yet the upstream regulators remain largely unknown. This study integrated expression genome-wide association study (eGWAS) across 115 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes with differential methylome profiling to identify these regulators. Focusing on the memory genes LKR, HIS1-3, and DREB1A, eGWAS identified signaling and epigenetic loci involved in ABA/JA responses and DNA methylation. Methylome profiling by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of ecotypes contrasting in drought tolerance, and in the superinduction of memory genes revealed significantly greater methylation variation during the second drought (D2) than during the first (D1), highlighting the role of epigenetic reprogramming in memory maintenance. Functional validation using T-DNA mutants demonstrated specific modulation of the D2/D1 induction ratio without affecting initial drought responses. Mutants of LKR eGWAS-delineated genes AT1G56660, AT2G19120, AT4G16490, and DEG3, those of HIS1-3 eGWAS genes AT1G14220, AT2G24960, AT3G10845, AT3G19340, CNGC10, EMB2770, GRF7, and RPP2A, and DREB1A eGWAS genes AT1G67000, AT3G61610, AT5G62110, HK2, JMJ12, and LUP5 abolished respective memory gene induction. The eGWAS and methylome approaches converged on DNA repair, chromatin modification, vesicular transport, and proteostasis as core memory hubs. These findings reveal a genetic-epigenetic interplay that coordinates transcriptional memory, priming plants for rapid reactivation of stress pathways during recurrent drought.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"10347-10365"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Editing in Forest Tree Breeding for Stress Resistance: From Mechanisms to Future Prospects.","authors":"Tabeer Gulfam, Wanxin Li, Zhiyong Han, Yashfeen Gulfam, Jingjing Li, Zihan Fan, Haizhen Zhang, Fude Wang, Jingli Yang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70840","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forest ecosystems face escalating threats from climate change alongside a surging demand for sustainable bioproducts. While conventional tree breeding is inherently constrained by long generation cycles, high heterozygosity, and complex genomes, CRISPR-based genome editing provides a precision framework for targeted genetic improvement. This review synthesises the fundamental principles and limitations of multiple gene-editing technologies, with a particular emphasis on CRISPR systems (Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13), in the specific context of woody perennial biology. Recent applications in key forest genera, including Populus, Pinus, and Eucalyptus, demonstrate the efficacy of these gene-editing tools in manipulating complex traits, such as rewiring phytohormone signalling networks for drought tolerance or remodelling root system architecture to combat abiotic stress. We critically evaluate persistent translational bottlenecks in forest tree genome editing, with a specific focus on recalcitrant, genotype-dependent regeneration and the multifaceted challenges of long-term field validation. Finally, we highlight how synergising CRISPR technologies with multi-omics, genomic selection, and high-throughput phenomics can accelerate the development and application of climate-resilient woody perennials.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9607-9620"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIR12 Confers Rice Salt Tolerance by Mediating Lignin Deposition in Root Diffusion Barrier.","authors":"Nan Ruan, Zhengjun Dang, Xiao Yang, Ye Wang, Meihan Wang, Lei Wang, Fuhao Tian, Zihan Wang, Deyuan Gao, Xuelin Yin, Shiwen Yang, Weizhu Duan, Linlin Jiang, Wenfu Chen, Fengcheng Li","doi":"10.1111/pce.70831","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinity severely threatens rice production worldwide, and root lignification-mediated apoplastic barrier formation is a key adaptive mechanism for rice salt tolerance. Here, we characterised DIR12, a plasma mnm embrane-localised dirigent-like protein in rice, which is transcriptionally induced by salt stress and highly expressed in root and stem tissues. DIR12 loss-of-function mutants exhibited significantly reduced salt tolerance, accompanied by disrupted Na⁺/K⁺ homoeostasis, compromised root lignification, and delayed and discontinuous lignin deposition in endodermal Casparian strips, resulting in a defective apoplastic diffusion barrier. Specifically, DIR12 mutation attenuates salt stress-stimulated lignin deposition in root. Consistently, transcriptomic analysis revealed that DIR12 is essential for the salt-induced upregulation of lignin biosynthesis-related genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Furthermore, DIR12 physically interacts with ascorbate peroxidase APX1 on the plasma membrane, and apx1 mutants showed salt sensitivity and reduced root lignin content. Moreover, dir12 mutants had decreased stem lignin levels and mechanical strength but no impairment in grain yield, and also exhibited altered mineral element accumulation in roots and shoots due to the defective root barrier. Collectively, our findings reveal that DIR12 positively regulates salt tolerance by promoting root lignification and apoplastic barrier formation, while also modulating stem mechanical strength and mineral homoeostasis in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9635-9648"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox-Dependent Condensation of OsSRO1a Links Reactive Oxygen Species Signalling to Panicle Morphogenesis in Rice.","authors":"Rui Liang, Sifan Hu, Yingqi Liu, Tingting Xu, Chunmei Zhu, Lei Wang, Haiyan Xiong, Shuaiguo Ma, Siyuan Xiong, Changyin Wu","doi":"10.1111/pce.70848","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are pivotal signalling molecules that coordinate various aspects of plant development. Although ROS has been implicated in controlling stem cell fate within the shoot apical meristem (SAM), its specific role in rice panicle development and grain yield formation remains largely unexplored. Here, OsSRO1a, a plant-specific redox-regulated protein, is identified as a key mediator linking ROS signalling to panicle morphogenesis. Disruption of OsSRO1a leads to severe defects in branching and spikelet formation, alongside abolished responsiveness to ROS perturbation. ROS were found to accumulate in the inflorescence meristem and branch meristem, where they oxidise OsSRO1a at cysteine 387, promoting polymerisation and driving condensation through its intrinsically disordered region IDR3. OsSRO1a condensates recruit the GATA transcription factor NL1 into nuclear foci, enhancing NL1's transcriptional activity and upregulating downstream targets involved in meristem development and redox responses. Together, these results uncover a mechanism whereby ROS-induced condensation of a redox-sensitive protein orchestrates transcriptional reprogramming to shape inflorescence architecture, providing new insights into the integration of redox signalling and developmental regulation in crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9808-9827"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Variation at the BrrPRMT10 Locus Modulates Flowering Time in Brassica rapa subsp. rapa.","authors":"Yan Zheng, Tianmeng Liu, Peng Sun, Danni Yang, Jiaxin Wang, Haijiao Li, Siyuan Wu, Yifan Cai, Tianping Huang, Yunqiang Yang, Yanling Yue, Xiangxiang Kong, Yongping Yang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70858","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9991-9994"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148899758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Whole-Plant Signalling Under Compound Environmental Stresses: Systemic Integration, Stomatal Coordination and Stress Memory.","authors":"Wajid Zaman, Asma Ayaz","doi":"10.1111/pce.70865","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants rarely encounter environmental stress as a single, steady stimulus. Heat, drought, high evaporative demand, excess light, nutrient limitation, mechanical damage and infection often overlap, creating compound conditions that require rapid coordination among leaves, roots, vascular tissues and meristems. This review develops a mechanistic framework for rapid whole-plant stress signalling under compound environmental stresses. We propose that acclimation depends on a multi-speed signalling architecture in which reactive oxygen species, Ca²⁺, electrical and hydraulic waves transmit fast systemic information, while hormones, metabolites, redox networks, organelle signals, transcriptional circuits and chromatin states shape specificity, duration and memory. Particular emphasis is placed on stomatal coordination because guard cells integrate the central heat-drought trade-off between water conservation, evaporative cooling, photosynthesis and defence. The review identifies unresolved questions concerning signal specificity, interaction among fast waves during simultaneous stresses, cell-type-specific decoding and the separation of beneficial memory from growth penalty. Finally, it outlines an experimental pipeline combining live biosensors, electrophysiology, vascular imaging, spatial omics, perturbation genetics and crop phenotyping. Linking dynamic signals to physiological outcomes will help convert systemic stress biology into mechanistic principles for climate-resilient crop design.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"9976-9990"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148899704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}