Cholmin Kim, Xin Wang, Wanjie Xue, Jinfeng Zhao, Xue Yin, Bin Xia, Zhichao Xu, Miao He, Yu Wang, Yang Zhang, Yuhua Li
{"title":"Integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses of Chrysanthemum aromaticum provide insights into the volatile terpene biosynthesis","authors":"Cholmin Kim, Xin Wang, Wanjie Xue, Jinfeng Zhao, Xue Yin, Bin Xia, Zhichao Xu, Miao He, Yu Wang, Yang Zhang, Yuhua Li","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Chrysanthemum aromaticum</i> is renowned for its uniformly emitted strong and attractive scent, primarily attributed to volatile terpenes. Despite its commercial and horticultural significance, the molecular mechanisms underlying volatile terpene production in <i>C. aromaticum</i> remain largely unexplored. Here, we present the haplotype-resolved genome assembly of <i>C. aromaticum</i>, with a total size of 3.10 Gb, comprising nine anchored chromosomes with a contig N50 of 30.66 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 350.58 Mb. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a distant relationship between <i>C. aromaticum</i> and <i>C. indicum</i>, suggesting that <i>C. aromaticum</i> likely represents a distinct species rather than a variety of <i>C. indicum</i>. Through integrated genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and biochemical analyses, we identified seven TPS involved in monoterpene biosynthesis and six TPS for sesquiterpene biosynthesis. Notably, comparative genomic analysis revealed a gene cluster for <i>α</i>-bisabolol biosynthesis in <i>C. aromaticum</i>, which has specifically expanded in <i>Chrysanthemum</i> species through tandem gene duplications, contributing to the elevated accumulation of <i>α</i>-bisabolol in the leaves of <i>C. aromaticum</i>. Our study provides important insights into the biosynthesis of volatile terpenes, highlighting the genetic basis for <i>C. aromaticum</i>'s unique aromatic profile.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weijun He, Donghua Hu, Miaoxian Guo, Bao Nie, Guangpu Zhang, Yujie Jia, Zhuangwei Hou, Shaohua Shu, Yizhen Shao, Henrik Toft Simonsen, Anthony Twamley, Cheng Li, Li Wang
{"title":"The telomere-to-telomere genome of Sanicula chinensis unveils genetic underpinnings of low furanocoumarin diversity and content in one basal lineage of Apiaceae","authors":"Weijun He, Donghua Hu, Miaoxian Guo, Bao Nie, Guangpu Zhang, Yujie Jia, Zhuangwei Hou, Shaohua Shu, Yizhen Shao, Henrik Toft Simonsen, Anthony Twamley, Cheng Li, Li Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70311","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Furanocoumarins are specialized defense compounds in Apiaceae, but the evolutionary path of their biosynthesis is not well understood. We generated a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome for <i>Sanicula chinensis</i>, an early-diverging species within the Saniculoideae subfamily, to explore its evolution. Comparative genomics revealed that <i>S. chinensis</i> and Apioideae species each underwent unique whole-genome duplication (WGD). Unlike most species in the Apioideae subfamily, <i>S. chinensis</i> produces a limited diversity and content of furanocoumarins but shows high esculetin levels. This metabolic profile likely stems from three genetic factors: elevated expression of p-Coumaroyl ester 3′-hydroxylase (C3′H) and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT), which shift the metabolic pathway toward simple coumarins; the absence of a key biosynthetic gene cluster, including prenyltransferase (PT) and p-coumaroyl-CoA 2′-hydroxylase (C2′H), found in Apioideae; and incomplete or inactive PT enzymes in <i>S. chinensis</i>. Our results not only shed light on the evolutionary history of furanocoumarin biosynthesis in Apiaceae, but also provide avenues for tailoring furanocoumarin content for agricultural or medical applications in plants.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheng-Kai Hsu, Bryan D Emmett, Alexandria Haafke, Germano Costa-Neto, Aimee J Schulz, Nicholas Lepak, Thuy La, Taylor M AuBuchon-Elder, Charles O Hale, Sierra S Raglin, Jonathan O Ojeda-Rivera, Angela D Kent, Elizabeth A Kellogg, M. Cinta Romay, Edward S Buckler
{"title":"Contrasting rhizosphere nitrogen dynamics in Andropogoneae grasses","authors":"Sheng-Kai Hsu, Bryan D Emmett, Alexandria Haafke, Germano Costa-Neto, Aimee J Schulz, Nicholas Lepak, Thuy La, Taylor M AuBuchon-Elder, Charles O Hale, Sierra S Raglin, Jonathan O Ojeda-Rivera, Angela D Kent, Elizabeth A Kellogg, M. Cinta Romay, Edward S Buckler","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70319","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nitrogen (N) fertilization in crop production significantly impacts ecosystems, often disrupting natural plant–microbe–soil interactions and causing environmental pollution. This study tested the hypothesis that diverse species adapting independently to various environments might exhibit a wide range of rhizosphere nutrient management strategies, and some of them may be conducive to an efficient N economy for crops. We analyzed the N cycle in the rhizospheres of 36 Andropogoneae grass species related to maize and sorghum and observed significant phylogenetic variation among their impacts on N availability and losses. All three annual species examined, including sorghum and maize, function as N ‘Conservationists’, reducing soil nitrification potential and conserving NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. In contrast, seven of the assayed perennial species enhance nitrification and leaching (‘Leachers’). Four other species exhibit similar nitrification stimulation effects but limited NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> losses (‘Nitrate Keepers’). We complemented the controlled phenotypic evaluation with an evolutionary-ecological analysis of the same species. We identified several soil characteristics associated with the phylogenetic variation in rhizosphere N dynamics across grasses and highlighted the crucial roles of a few transporter genes in soil N management and utilization. In addition to the ecological and genetic insights, these findings offer valuable guidelines for future maize breeding efforts to enhance agricultural N efficiency and sustainability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Si-Yu Xie, Xiao-Hua Lin, Jun-Ru Wang, Dai-Kun Ma, Na Su, Chao Xu, Yu Zhang, Hong Ma, Pan Li, Duo-Yuan Chen, Xin Zhong, Bin-Jie Ge, Richard G. J. Hodel, Liang Zhao, Bin-Bin Liu
{"title":"Unraveling evolutionary pathways: allopolyploidization and introgression in polyploid Prunus (Rosaceae)","authors":"Si-Yu Xie, Xiao-Hua Lin, Jun-Ru Wang, Dai-Kun Ma, Na Su, Chao Xu, Yu Zhang, Hong Ma, Pan Li, Duo-Yuan Chen, Xin Zhong, Bin-Jie Ge, Richard G. J. Hodel, Liang Zhao, Bin-Bin Liu","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70320","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allopolyploidization, resulting from hybridization and subsequent whole-genome duplication (WGD), is a fundamental mechanism driving evolutionary diversification across various lineages within the Tree of Life. The polyploid <i>Prunus</i> (Rosaceae), significant for its economic and agricultural value, provides an ideal model for investigating the evolutionary dynamics associated with allopolyploidy. In this study, we utilized deep genome skimming (DGS) data to demonstrate a comprehensive analytical framework for elucidating the underlying allopolyploidy that includes a newly adapted tool (DGS-Tree2GD) tailored explicitly for accurately detecting WGD events. Additionally, we introduced two methods to evaluate the contribution of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) to lineage diversification. Phylogenomic discordance analyses revealed that allopolyploidization, rather than ILS, played a dominant role in the origin and dynamics of polyploid <i>Prunus</i>. Moreover, we inferred that the uplift of the Himalayas from the Middle to Late Miocene was a key driver in the rapid diversification of the <i>Maddenia</i> clade, an endemic group in East Asia. This geological event facilitated extensive hybridization and allopolyploidization, particularly the introgression between the Himalayas–Hengduan and Central–Eastern China clades. This case study demonstrates the robustness and efficacy of our analytical approach in precisely identifying WGD events and elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms underlying allopolyploidization in polyploid <i>Prunus</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoine Nicolas, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Mattéo Caroulle, Bernard Adroher, Liudmila Chelysheva, Magali Goussot, Anne-Sophie Sarthou, Nicolas Arnaud, Aude Maugarny, Patrick Laufs
{"title":"Developmental rewiring of the NGAL/CUC/KLU network associated with pleiotropic roles of NGAL genes","authors":"Antoine Nicolas, Panagiotis Papadopoulos, Mattéo Caroulle, Bernard Adroher, Liudmila Chelysheva, Magali Goussot, Anne-Sophie Sarthou, Nicolas Arnaud, Aude Maugarny, Patrick Laufs","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70321","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) play prominent roles in regulating developmental processes, and their modulation across species is a major source for evolutionary innovation. However, it remains poorly understood how GRNs are rewired between different organs within a single species. This question is particularly relevant for pleiotropic genes, which may exhibit organ-specific GRN modulations potentially reflecting their diverse functions. To address this, we investigated the <i>NGATHA-like</i> (<i>NGAL</i>) genes as a model for pleiotropic genes that regulate growth or patterning in multiple Arabidopsis organs via two distinct pathways involving the <i>CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON</i> (<i>CUC</i>) and <i>KLUH</i> (<i>KLU</i>) genes. By combining genetic analysis with gene expression characterization, we uncovered significant organ-specific rewiring of the <i>NGAL</i>/<i>CUC</i>/<i>KLU</i> regulatory module. For instance, the regulation of growth by <i>NGAL</i> genes occurs through the <i>KLU</i> pathway in petals, while both the <i>KLU</i> and <i>CUC</i> pathways function downstream of <i>NGAL</i> to regulate cauline leaf growth. Our findings highlight that changes in gene expression patterns, potentially arising from developmental constraints, play a pivotal role in the organ-specific modulation of gene regulatory modules. Furthermore, gene regulatory modules at the molecular and functional levels do not always align perfectly, potentially due to the influence of additional regulatory mechanisms. Altogether, our findings reveal significant modulation of the GRNs associated with pleiotropic genes. We propose that this flexibility in GRNs facilitates gene pleiotropy.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.70321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wheat miRNA TaMIR5062-5A Targets Calmodulin TaCML31 That Cooperates With MYB Member TaMYB77 to Modulate Drought and Salt Responses.","authors":"Xiaoyang Hou, Chengjin Guo, Yuanjinzhi Qiao, Jiale Wang, Ziyi Wang, Jiaqi Zhang, Xinxin Shi, Xiaoxin Fu, Hongning Zhang, Kai Xiao","doi":"10.1111/pce.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of plant growth, development, and abiotic stress tolerance, acting via posttranscriptional control of target genes. In this study, we identified and characterized TaMIR5062-5A, a miRNA member in Triticum aestivum, focusing on its role in mediating drought and salt stress responses. TaMIR5062-5A showed downregulated expression upon exposure to drought and salt stress conditions, whereas its target gene TaCML31, a calmodulin-encoding gene verified by dual luciferase (LUC) assay, displayed the opposite expression trend under the above stress conditions. These findings suggested its involvement in osmotic stress responses through the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent signaling pathway. Protein interaction assays (i.e., yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation) revealed that TaCML31 could interact with the MYB transcription factor TaMYB77, indicating that TaMIR5062-5A, its target gene TaCML31, and TaMYB77 constitute a regulatory module in plant osmotic stress response. Transgene analysis confirmed that TaMIR5062-5A negatively while TaCML31 and TaMYB77 positively regulated drought and salt stress tolerance by regulating osmolyte accumulation, stomata closure, root formation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Yeast one-hybrid, transcriptional activation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR) assays indicated that TaMYB77 could bind to the promoters of osmotic stress-defense genes, namely TaP5CS2, TaNCED1, and TaDREB3, and regulate their transcription. The transgenic lines with knockdown expression of these stress response-associated genes exhibited impaired plant growth, reduced proline accumulation, dysregulated photosynthetic function, and compromised ROS homeostasis under drought and salt stress conditions, suggesting their roles in regulating plant osmotic stress responses underlying the miRNA module regulation. Strong correlations were observed between yield and the transcript levels of TaMIR5062-5A, TaCML31, and TaMYB77 in a wheat variety panel cultured under field drought conditions. Moreover, haplotype characterization of TaMIR5062-5A indicated that TaMIR5062-5A-Hap1 conferred enhanced drought tolerance in wheat plants. Overall, our findings establish a miRNA regulatory module, namely TaMIR5062-5A-TaCML31-TaMYB77, that plays an essential role in plant osmotic stress response in T. aestivum.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outside Front Cover Image","authors":"Yanli Gao, Anjing Chen, Dongmei Zhu, Mingbing Zhou, Huahong Huang, Ronghui Pan, Xu Wang, Lei Li, Jinbo Shen","doi":"10.1111/pce.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Outside Front Cover: The cover image is based on the article <i>Mitochondrial Energy Homeostasis and Membrane Interaction Regulate the Rapid Growth of Moso Bamboo</i> by Yanli Gao et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15559.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":"48 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pce.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ZmRLCK1 modulates secondary cell wall deposition in maize","authors":"Haiyan Li, Xin Li, Xiaoduo Lu","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70313","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The secondary cell wall (SCW) is essential for providing mechanical strength to plants, enabling upright growth and facilitating the long-distance transport of water and nutrients through the vascular system. In this study, we generated an EMS-induced mutant library in B73 maize and identified two “drought-sensitive like” mutants, <i>rlck1-1</i> and <i>rlck1-2</i>, which exhibited impaired function of ZmRLCK1. This gene encodes a predicted receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase with kinase activity. Phenotypic analysis revealed that ZmRLCK1 mutation disrupted metaxylem vessel development, likely compromising upward water transport. Additionally, the mutants displayed aberrant microtubule organization, suggesting a role for ZmRLCK1 in cytoskeletal regulation. Differential phosphoproteomic sequencing identified several microtubule-associated proteins as potential substrates of ZmRLCK1, though the exact molecular mechanisms linking ZmRLCK1-mediated phosphorylation to microtubule dynamics remain to be fully elucidated.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinfang Wang, Yi Zhu, Maoying Li, Haiying Zhang, Xilong Zhang, Shouwei Tian, Yi Ren, Yongtao Yu, Shengjin Liao, Guoyi Gong, Nikolay Velkov, Yong Xu, Jie Zhang
{"title":"The NAC transcription factor ClNAC100 positively regulates plant height and fruit size in watermelon","authors":"Jinfang Wang, Yi Zhu, Maoying Li, Haiying Zhang, Xilong Zhang, Shouwei Tian, Yi Ren, Yongtao Yu, Shengjin Liao, Guoyi Gong, Nikolay Velkov, Yong Xu, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fruit size correlates with yield potential and serves as a vital agronomic trait. However, the key regulatory genes controlling fruit size in watermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>) remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a NAC transcription factor gene <i>ClNAC100</i> localized to selective sweep regions that positively regulated plant height and fruit size. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of <i>ClNAC100</i> caused dramatic reductions in both plant height and fruit size, concomitant with decreased gibberellin (GA) levels in mutants. Exogenous GA<sub>4</sub> application partially rescued the plant height and fruit size of the <i>clnac100</i> mutant, while it could not restore these traits to wild-type levels. ClNAC100 directly upregulated expansin gene <i>ClEXPA1</i> and GA biosynthetic genes <i>ClGA3ox</i>s, though DELLA protein interactions attenuated this transcriptional activation. A natural variant (−1087, T/C) of <i>ClNAC100</i> enabled the Dof transcription factor ClDof4.6 to bind and activate <i>ClNAC100</i> expression during watermelon domestication. Together, our results demonstrate that <i>ClNAC100</i> mainly modulates the GA pathway to regulate fruit size and plant height, advancing mechanistic understanding of these agriculturally critical traits.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addressing global health one Torque at a time.","authors":"Anvi Agarwal, Samiha Arulshankar","doi":"10.1111/imcb.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we discuss our experiences, as medical students, in raising awareness among fellow medical students about global health issues while providing insight into how other university students sharing these interests can set up similar initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}