生命科学最新文献

{"title":"Differential regulation of calcium-activated plant kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Martin Zauser,&nbsp;Anja Liese,&nbsp;Anna Feldman-Salit,&nbsp;Melanie Krebs,&nbsp;Karin Schumacher,&nbsp;Tina Romeis,&nbsp;Ursula Kummer,&nbsp;Jürgen Pahle","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The decoding of calcium signals by plant calcium-dependent kinases (CPKs) is not fully understood yet. Based on kinetic <i>in vitro</i> measurements of the activity of several CPK proteins, their individual activity profile was modeled and coupled to cytosolic calcium concentration changes from <i>in vivo</i> measurements of guard cells and epidermal leaf cells. In addition, computationally produced surrogate data were used. It was analyzed how individual activity profiles of CPKs will change in response to the different calcium time courses. In addition, the impact of modeling explicitly individual elementary reaction steps for binding and unbinding in comparison to using a heuristic Hill equation for the binding process was investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.70413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Elevated CO₂ on Biomass Accumulation and Mineral Concentration in Foliar and Edible Tissues in Soybeans.","authors":"Ravneet Kaur, Mary Durstock, Stephen A Prior, G Brett Runion, Elizabeth A Ainsworth, Ivan Baxter, Alvaro Sanz-Sáez, Courtney P Leisner","doi":"10.1111/pce.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels are expected to enhance biomass and yield in C₃ crops. However, these benefits are accompanied by significant reductions in the concentrations of essential nutrients in both foliar and edible tissues, posing potential global nutritional challenges. In this study, we grew three soybean cultivars (Clark, Flyer, and Loda) in ambient ( ~ 438 ppm) and elevated CO₂ ( ~ 650 ppm) conditions using open top chambers and measured changes in leaf-level physiological responses, biomass accumulation, and nutrient concentrations across developmental stages. Elevated CO₂ increased carbon assimilation and decreased stomatal conductance, which led to an increase in seed yield, while root biomass remained unchanged. Seed nutrient concentrations, particularly iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), decreased at maturity. We hypothesize that reductions in seed mineral concentration resulted from enhanced carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation without a concomitant response in root biomass and nutrient uptake. This constrained the plant's ability to maintain nutrient status with increased yield at elevated CO₂, and this response was conserved across the cultivars included in this study. Future work is needed to further understand the molecular mechanisms associated with these physiological responses at elevated CO₂ in soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Xylem Development in Flowering Plants: Insights From Single-Cell Transcriptomics.","authors":"Jhong-He Yu, Jo-Wei Allison Hsieh, Zhifeng Wang, Jia Wei, Quanzi Li, Ying-Lan Chen, Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin","doi":"10.1111/pce.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative tool for decoding plant development, particularly in elucidating xylem differentiation. By capturing transcriptomic changes at single-cell resolution, scRNA-seq enables reconstruction of developmental trajectories across diverse plant tissues. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of scRNA-seq to study both primary and secondary xylem development in monocots and eudicots. These studies have revealed distinct xylem cell types, including vessel elements, libriform fibers, and ray parenchyma cells, and provided insight into their lineage relationships. We also highlight key technical and analytical challenges that limit cross-study comparisons, including inconsistent bioinformatic pipelines, variability in protoplasting efficiency, and the use of potentially misannotated marker genes. To address these limitations, we discuss the integration of in situ transcriptomic profiling using laser microdissection, which provides more accurate cell-type annotation and supports the current best working model of xylem developmental lineages. Finally, we suggest future directions for improving xylem developmental studies, including deeper integration of spatial and single-cell technologies to overcome current limitations in resolving lignified tissues and to better understand xylem responses to environmental perturbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LsBAHD3-LsAAE3 Module Catalyses Biosynthesis of β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diaminopropionic Acid in Lathyrus sativus and Pisum sativum.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Yaoyao Song, Tianxue Shang, Yanni Tang, Hong Chen, Hao Ma, Xueping Zhang, Zhibo Miao, Baoqiong Lan, Lei Wang, Ning Cao, Xiaoning Liu, Zhenfeng An, Rongfang Lian, Tao Yang, Peng Chen, Chengjin Jiao, Quanle Xu","doi":"10.1111/pce.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neuroactive β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) was first identified in Lathyrus sativus and present also in several Chinese traditional herbs including Panax notoginseng. It exhibit toxicological effects as the causative agent of neurolathyrism when L. sativus was over-consumed under drought-triggered famines or pharmacological effects including neuroprotection and wound healing. Determinating of β-ODAP synthetase (BOS) will accelerate plant improvement and utilisation of those species containing β-ODAP. In this report, trace level of β-ODAP was confirmed in several cultivars of Pisum sativum, a close relative of L. sativus. Functions of LsBAHD3 and LsAAE3 were investigated via its transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, in vitro enzymatic activity assay and overexpression in hairy roots of L. sativus and P. sativum, etc. The results suggested that LsBAHD3 act as BOS, while LsAAE3 function as oxalyl-CoA synthetase to catalyse/promote β-ODAP biosynthesis. Further comparison and verification of LsBAHD3-specific and LsAAE3-specific protein interactome suggested that the LsBAHD3-LsAAE3 module catalyses β-ODAP biosynthesis, and the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system is highly involved in the regulation of BOS and β-ODAP content and may be responsible for the different level of β-ODAP in L. sativus and P. sativum. These results provide valuable insight into the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of β-ODAP biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variation and Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of the Maize Ionome in Response to Phosphorus Fertilisation.","authors":"Sandra Roller, Thea M Weiß, Volker Hahn, Tobias Würschum","doi":"10.1111/pce.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving the nutritional quality of crops is crucial for human health, livestock, and agricultural productivity, especially on nutrient-limited soils. To address this, we investigated the variation and the genetic basis of mineral content, including, among others, calcium, iron, phosphorus, and zinc, in a diverse panel of maize (Zea mays L.) grown across environments. Our results show that genetic variation significantly contributes to differences in mineral content. Genotype-by-environment interaction and environmental factors, such as reduced phosphorus fertilisation, substantially impact the ionome composition, particularly decreasing zinc content and altering grain quality. Correlations between the 12 minerals were mostly positive, with variation observed in mineral composition between tissues and in translocation from vegetative to generative tissue. In addition, elite lines exhibited distinct mineral profiles compared to landraces. Genome-wide association mapping revealed a quantitative inheritance of the minerals and few common quantitative trait loci. Significantly associated markers were found in proximity to candidate genes involved in processes like mineral transport, detoxification and storage, which represent potential targets for marker-assisted selection to improve nutritional quality in maize. In conclusion, our results highlight the temporal and spatial dynamics of the maize ionome as a basis toward its targeted design for future agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere Microbes From Populus euphratica Conferred Salt Stress Resistance to Populus alba × Populus glandulosa.","authors":"Lu Li, Kexin Cheng, Yao Du, Yiwen Zhang, Yingwen Zhou, Yi Jin, Xiaoqing He","doi":"10.1111/pce.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rhizosphere microbiomes of halophytes are crucial for plant adaptation to high-salinity soil conditions, but how to harness rhizosphere microbes to confer salt stress resistance to plants remains obscure. This study aimed to establish a framework (isolate-select-construct) for tailoring simplified salt-tolerant synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) and explore how they confer salt stress resistance to the plant. First, a total of 512 strains were isolated from the high-salt rhizosphere soil of Populus euphratica through high-throughput cultivation. Among these, nine strains were further selected for their salt-tolerant and growth-promoting abilities, with three isolates identified as key microbes, including hub microbes, keystone taxa and biomarkers. Guided by a function-driven strategy, we constructed five distinct SynComs, with SynCom5, SynCom7 and SynCom9 showing the most significant improvement in the growth of hybrid Poplar 84K (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). Mechanistic investigations revealed that these SynComs can increase resistance to salt stress by directly reducing oxidative stress, adjusting osmolytes and balancing ions. Additionally, these SynComs were observed to recruit specific root-associated bacterial consortia that enhance the adaptability of poplar to salt stress. Overall, this study lays the groundwork for designing SynComs that promote plant growth and offers insights into harnessing specific microbial communities to boost plants' salt resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tandem gene duplication facilitates intertidal adaptation in atypical mangrove plants","authors":"Yulong Li,&nbsp;Shao Shao,&nbsp;Ranran Zhu,&nbsp;Yarong Wang,&nbsp;Chuanfeng Jin,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Kaichi Huang,&nbsp;Zixiao Guo,&nbsp;Ziwen He,&nbsp;Suhua Shi,&nbsp;Shaohua Xu","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70456","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mangrove plants, originating from inland ancestors, have independently adapted to extreme intertidal zones characterized by salt and hypoxia stress. While typical mangroves exhibit specialized phenotypes, like viviparous seeds and salt secretion, atypical clades that have thrived without such traits are particularly suitable for exploring the molecular and physiological basis underlying plant adaptation to intertidal zones. We assembled a chromosome-level genome of an atypical mangrove, <i>Scyphiphora hydrophylacea</i>, the only mangrove species in Gentianales. Similar to other mangroves, <i>S. hydrophylacea</i> colonized intertidal zones during climatic optimum periods of sea-level rise. Despite lacking recent whole-genome duplications (WGDs), its genome acquired extensive tandem gene duplications (TDs), leading to the rapid expansion of key salt- and hypoxia-related genes. Transcriptome data further corroborated that TD-driven gene expansions contribute to stress tolerance. Specifically, the expansion of genes involved in cation transmembrane transport, osmotic regulation, and oxidative stress response may enhance salinity tolerance, and the expansion of signal transduction and energy metabolism genes in hypoxia-response pathways may confer waterlogging tolerance. Therefore, in the absence of large-scale gene duplication, the rapid expansion of core genes involved in salt and hypoxia tolerance through tandem duplication may represent a key force driving the adaptation of atypical mangroves. These findings also provide valuable insights for crop improvement strategies aimed at enhancing environmental resilience while maintaining phenotypic stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical characterization of polyphenol aggregates in Moringa oleifera leaves water extract: stability and surface exposure effect on antioxidant activity under dilution.","authors":"Rita Carrotta, Fabio Librizzi, Vincenzo Martorana, Samuele Raccosta, Maria Rosalia Mangione","doi":"10.1007/s00249-025-01786-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-025-01786-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves has been previously characterized for its polyphenolic composition, yet the behavior of its colloidal aggregates under dilution remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the structural and chemical properties of these aggregates at room temperature, focusing on their stability and surface exposure upon dilution. Although the aggregates break up as dilution increases, they never fully dissolve within the conditions explored. Both multi-angle static light scattering and dynamic light scattering highlight aggregates fragmentation and size heterogeneity under dilution. UV-vis absorption spectroscopic data strongly suggest that the aggregates of different sizes present in the extract are homogeneously constituted, as their spectra are similar to those of the main polyphenol components. The Folin-Ciocâlteu assay reveals an increase in gallic acid equivalent values normalized for extract concentration, suggesting that fragmentation prompted by dilution enhances the exposure of reactive sites. A very basic model, considering only one kind of aggregate with uniform density, is employed to support this interpretation. Assuming this model, the Folin-Ciocâlteu assay data allow to grasp the law regulating the change of the aggregate average size under dilution, i.e., a power law. Additionally, in-liquid atomic force microscopy imaging confirms the presence of smaller but still aggregated particles at high dilution, enabling the calculation of a height distribution, that is consistent with the model prediction. These findings provide insights into the dynamic behavior of polyphenol-rich aggregates in aqueous systems and their potential implications for bioavailability and reactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":548,"journal":{"name":"European Biophysics Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The RNA-binding protein OsDMCK1 is required for meiotic cytokinesis by regulating cell plate formation in rice","authors":"Ming Fu,&nbsp;Yuesheng Tian,&nbsp;Di Wu,&nbsp;Feiyang Xue,&nbsp;Hongbo Gao,&nbsp;Wanqi Liang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70448","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant cytokinesis is distinguished from animal cytokinesis by the formation of a cell plate between dividing cells. While meiotic cytokinesis involves two successive nuclear divisions with distinct regulatory mechanisms from mitosis, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified OsDMCK1, a novel rice RNA-binding protein essential for male fertility. The <i>osdmck1-1</i> mutants exhibit defective meiotic cytokinesis, manifested by misoriented spindle orientation during meiosis II and disrupted callose deposition at both the cell plate and the outer wall of pollen mother cells (PMCs). Transcriptome analysis revealed significant downregulation of cytokinesis-related genes in <i>osdmck1-1</i> PMCs, including regulators of microtubule organization (<i>MAP65-3.2</i>, <i>BUB3.2</i>, <i>CDC20.3</i>, <i>TPX2</i>) and callose synthase genes (<i>GSL2</i>, <i>GSL5</i>). Importantly, RNA immunoprecipitation assays confirmed these genes as direct mRNA targets of OsDMCK1. Taken together, our study establishes OsDMCK1 as a crucial regulator of meiosis progression and reveals a novel post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism controlling rice meiotic cytokinesis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolism and Signalling in Pea (Pisum sativum) Leaves Exposed to Drought and Subsequent Recovery.","authors":"Jayendra Pandey, Chakradhar Mantena, Aprajita Kumari, Pooja Singh, Christine H Foyer, Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta, Rajagopal Subramanyam","doi":"10.1111/pce.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uncovering the metabolic and molecular mechanisms involved in plant responses to drought and subsequent recovery, is essential to identify drought tolerance mechanisms that can be used to improve crop plants. Here we combine plant physiology and biochemistry, with gene expression, quantitative proteomics and metabolite profiling to identify the genetic and metabolic networks that operate in plants experiencing and recovering from drought. Network analysis of transcripts, proteins and metabolites revealed that certain biological processes such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and lipid metabolism had a strong impact on the overall control of leaf responses to drought and recovery. The stimulation of carbohydrate oxidation pathways is demonstrated to be a key node in the generation of energy and precursors required to support diverse survival pathways of defence.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}