Maria Fitzner , Natalie Cunningham , Marcel AK Jansen
{"title":"An interplay of light and temperature: Vitamin D3 formation in vitro, a model for in vivo plant studies","authors":"Maria Fitzner , Natalie Cunningham , Marcel AK Jansen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin D deficiency is a global issue that requires attention, given its essential functions in the human body. The synthesis of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> in the human skin is subject to limitations related to the availability of UV radiation, which can be particularly limited at higher latitudes, especially during the winter months. Additionally, vitamin D<sub>3</sub> can be acquired through diet. Given that most vitamin D sources are animal-based, the discovery of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> in plants is of particular interest to those following vegan or vegetarian diets. While the characteristics of vitamin D biosynthesis in the human skin are well established, there is a lack of knowledge regarding biosynthesis in plants. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of several factors, including light, temperature, and plant matrix compounds, on the vitamin D<sub>3</sub> conversion reaction. The formation of previtamin D<sub>3</sub> from 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) was demonstrated to be dependent on UVC and UVB light, while the subsequent formation of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> from previtamin D<sub>3</sub> was shown to be dependent on temperature. Exposure to longer UV wavelengths led to a relative increase in lumisterol content. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent effect of UV-absorbing compounds was observed. These novel insights into the formation of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> will underpin future strategies aimed at optimising vitamin D<sub>3</sub> content in crop species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabelle Almeida de Lima , Lorraine Gabriele Fiuza , Johan Sebastián Díaz Tovar , Dianeth Sara Lima Bejar , Ana Julia Barbosa Tomé , Michelle Barreto Requena , Layla Pires , Gang Zheng , Natalia Mayumi Inada , Cristina Kurachi , Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
{"title":"Strategies for overcoming the lung surfactant barrier and achieving success in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy","authors":"Isabelle Almeida de Lima , Lorraine Gabriele Fiuza , Johan Sebastián Díaz Tovar , Dianeth Sara Lima Bejar , Ana Julia Barbosa Tomé , Michelle Barreto Requena , Layla Pires , Gang Zheng , Natalia Mayumi Inada , Cristina Kurachi , Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impressive increase in antimicrobial resistance has required the development of alternative treatments that act on multiple non-specific molecular targets and are effective against a broad range of microorganisms. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) is based on microbial inactivation from oxidative stress and represents an important tool for inactivating microorganisms with low risk of resistance selection. Therefore, our research group has been devoted to demonstrating its effectiveness against pathogens that cause pneumonia, one of the most lethal infections worldwide. Previous studies reported the efficiency and safety of an <em>in vitro</em> photoinactivation protocol for <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> and the delivery of infrared light (external illumination) and photosensitizer (PS) in an animal model. However, the <em>in vivo</em> inactivation of microorganisms still poses challenges due to the presence of lung surfactant (LS), which traps PSs, preventing them from reaching the microbial target. This study investigated different approaches such as use of emulsifiers, perfluorocarbon, oxygen nanobubbles, and copolymer towards overcoming LS and optimizing aPDT response. The most promising strategy consisted in combining indocyanine green (ICG) with Gantrez<sup>TM</sup> AN-139 - a Polyvinyl Methyl Ether/Maleic Anhydride copolymer (PVM/MA) – showing high microbial inactivation and safety for human lung epithelial (A549) and fibroblast (MRC-9) cell lines. The <em>in vitro</em> experiments provided an alternative to overcome the limited PS distribution through LS and will serve as the basis for <em>in vivo</em> studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Augustin C. Barolet , Lucie Germain , Daniel Barolet
{"title":"In vivo measurement of nitric oxide release from intact human skin post photobiomodulation using visible and near-infrared light: A chemiluminescence detection study","authors":"Augustin C. Barolet , Lucie Germain , Daniel Barolet","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Significance</strong>: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) using visible and near-infrared (NIR) light on nitric oxide (NO) release from intact human skin. Given NO's critical role in physiological processes such as wound healing, inflammation control, and vasodilation, this research could lead to innovative non-invasive treatments.</p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> The primary aim was to explore how PBM at different wavelengths affects NO release from human skin. Custom-built airtight sleeves equipped with gas ports were used to measure NO levels, assessing the impact of three specific wavelengths of light (455 nm, 660 nm, and 850 nm).</p><p><strong>Approach:</strong> Eighteen healthy participants had their forearms enclosed in airtight sleeves. The skin was irradiated with the specified wavelengths at a fluence of 45 J/cm² and an irradiance of 50 mW/cm² for 15 min. NO levels were quantified after irradiation using chemiluminescence detection (CLD), which measures the chemiluminescent reaction of NO with ozone (O3) for real-time analysis.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Significant differences in NO release were observed among the wavelengths tested, indicating that PBM stimulates NO release from intact human skin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The study provides strong evidence that PBM using visible and NIR light can enhance NO release from human skin, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for conditions involving NO. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind PBM-induced NO release and its clinical implications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000253/pdfft?md5=1a2108d5632a97bca7bdbe19108138b2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000253-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaption of in vitro and in chemico phototoxicity tests for tattoo pigments and the effect of adsorption of the phototoxic contaminant benzo[a]pyrene to carbon black","authors":"Susanne Kochs , Lena Panse , Sandra Schiewe , Urs Schlegel , Anja Schreiber , Aseel Alsarahni , Urs Hauri , Ines Schreiver","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phototoxicity plays an important role in tattoo toxicology due to the skin's daily exposure to sunlight and the permanent deposition of pigments in skin. Here, we investigated <em>in chemico</em> reactive oxygen species generation using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and <em>in vitro</em> phototoxicity towards skin fibroblasts based on the OECD Test Guideline 432.</p><p>Proficiency substances, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>, anatase 30 nm, anatase 100 nm, rutile 30 nm), pigment red 22 (PR 22) with and without purification and carbon black (CB) were investigated. Phototoxic properties of benzo[<em>a</em>]pyrene (B[<em>a]</em>P) were investigated with and without adsorption to CB. Pigments were characterised by dynamic light scattering.</p><p>All proficiency substances except for norfloxacin were predicted successfully and only TiO<sub>2</sub> anatase exhibited phototoxicity in the cell-based approach. B[<em>a</em>]P showed the expected phototoxicity in contrast to B[<em>a</em>]P bound to carbon black. Upon UVA irradiation, only TiO<sub>2</sub> pigment anatase and PR 22 generated ROS in the cell-free assay. DLS measurements showed a high degree of polydispersity/agglomeration.</p><p>OECD Test Guideline 432 should be applied with an incubation time of 24 h when testing highly insoluble pigments. The <em>in chemico</em> ROS assay introduced below might serve as a quick screening test but may be further adapted to predict the <em>in vitro</em> outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000241/pdfft?md5=b47da0e47ad9629d00621e816fca731a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000241-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dedicated to Professor Kazuhiko Mizuno on the occasion of his 75th birthday celebration","authors":"Yasuharu Yoshimi , Hiroshi Ikeda , Shinsuke Takagi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266646902400023X/pdfft?md5=bb25e5fab0e2bccbe6190ca3298952d4&pid=1-s2.0-S266646902400023X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: Special issue on optical spectroscopy of plants and algae","authors":"Giovanni Agati , M.Gabriela Lagorio","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000216/pdfft?md5=ce1674e08a4b6fdbdd2b4df415e1f0f5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000216-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special issue \"chromophores and opsins: Physiological processes elicited by visible, ultraviolet and infrared light\"","authors":"Mario E. Guido","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000228/pdfft?md5=08aea0607e791991b7b3c34dd5c31840&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000228-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141854028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and applications of metal organic frameworks in photodynamic therapy","authors":"Sandile Phinda Songca","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) consist of metal atoms or clusters, coordinated to organic ligands to form macromolecular super structures, with pores large enough to host free drug molecules, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers. This review presents examples of applications in PDT of various types of MOFs. To contextualize the discussions of their PDT applications, general procedures of MOF synthesis are considered. Applications of MOFs in PDT are described using examples of several combination therapy innovations developed for the purpose of solving some of the key challenges in the clinical translation value chain of PDT. The review presents evidence to show that the explosion of research in MOFs is due to their capability for applications as carriers and delivery systems for PDT photosensitizers. It also shows their unique applications as platforms for combination therapies, for stimulus responsive release of photosensitizer and drug molecules, for cancer cell targeting, and for auxiliary enhancement of efficacy. Published literature on MOFs has been on the rise since the eighties. In Scopus, the applications of MOFs in PDT increased from 1 article in 2010, to 169 articles in 2023, whereas published literature on MOFs generally, increased from 878 to 11644 during this period. Research on the applications of MOFs in PDT has therefore increased more than that of MOFs generally. Literature on the applications of MOFs in PDT increased by between 0.7% to 1.45% relative to published literature on MOFs generally. Clearly, MOFs are researched to overcome challenges of and improve PDT efficacy, more than they are generally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000204/pdfft?md5=5481a5bf2bc14b52daee1f28af08d552&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000204-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High energy throughput using photogalvanic solar techniques and environmentally benign chemical system","authors":"Meenakshi Jonwal, Pooran Koli, Yashodhara Dayma, Ramesh Kumar Pareek","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar energy is gradually becoming integrated into households, holding the potential to address energy requirements through technologies like PV cells. Ongoing research is actively exploring diverse methods of harnessing solar power, with Photogalvanic cells emerging as a particularly promising alternative to Photovoltaic cells. The advantage lies in the cost-effectiveness and simplified fabrication, coupled with the capability of power storage. The utilization of the economical Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium (DOSS) surfactant, widely employed in industry, has yielded impressive electrical performance. The present investigation presents a reliable photogalvanic system composed of the photosensitizer dye Quinoline Yellow, the reductant Cellobiose, and the surfactant Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium (DOSS), all in a highly alkaline solution with platinum and graphite electrodes. The platinum electrode employed is notably small, boasting a surface area of 0.03 cm<sup>2</sup>, which enhances the diffusion characteristics of the dye molecules, it is contributing to an enhanced electrical performance of the photogalvanic cell. The resulting photogalvanic cell demonstrates superior electrical performance, featuring a maximum potential of 870 mV, a maximum current of 8000 µA, power at PowerPoint of 695 µW, a fill factor of 0.11, and a conversion efficiency of 13.78 %. Spectrophotometric analysis has confirmed the stability of the dye within the electrolyte solution. Additionally, conductometric analysis has revealed that the surfactant Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium (DOSS) enhances the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000198/pdfft?md5=71469a0cca5e1218ae13bec4a41e077d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000198-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141542505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lana Keet , Tandeka Magcwebeba , Stefan Abel , Ann Louw , Wentzel Gelderblom , Mariska Lilly
{"title":"Modulation of UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) utilising unfermented rooibos and honeybush aqueous extracts","authors":"Lana Keet , Tandeka Magcwebeba , Stefan Abel , Ann Louw , Wentzel Gelderblom , Mariska Lilly","doi":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpap.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can trigger a diverse array of biological responses that have the potential to contribute to the onset of skin cancer. Natural compounds, such as tea polyphenols, have been shown to protect against UVB-induced damage by modulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cell proliferation. The chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory properties of South African rooibos (<em>Aspalathus linearis</em>) and honeybush (<em>Cyclopia spp</em>.) herbal teas have been shown to mainly target the early stages of cancer development through mechanisms that involve intracellular interleukin-1α (IL-1α) inhibition. Thus, the aim was to investigate the preventive effects of unfermented rooibos and honeybush aqueous extracts against UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaTs. Honeybush was found to reduce the accumulation of UVB-induced IL-1α while maintaining cell viability and without affecting apoptosis. Furthermore, only honeybush extract was able to decrease the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) caused by UVB exposure. Honeybush and rooibos extracts significantly decreased the secretion of UVB-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8). Except for rooibos extract at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, both extracts restored the expression of antioxidant genes to levels observed prior to UVB exposure. The anti-inflammatory effects of these herbal tea extracts are likely attributed to the antioxidant properties of their polyphenolic constituents, which modulate the oxidative stress-induced pathways governing inflammatory responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.261,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469024000174/pdfft?md5=5dcc7cbf4a6572f10748e8319e5fea35&pid=1-s2.0-S2666469024000174-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}