Moshe Porat-Wojakowski, Daniel Elbo Arama, Yechiel Michael Barilan
{"title":"Tyrannical militarism, oil money and other issues in the medicalisation of war and politics: a response to Shahvisi.","authors":"Moshe Porat-Wojakowski, Daniel Elbo Arama, Yechiel Michael Barilan","doi":"10.1136/jme-2024-110547","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jme-2024-110547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article responds to Arianne Shahvisi's editorial, which calls for the examination of the war in Gaza with the lenses of distributive justice and scarcity of healthcare resources. We argue that Shahvisi's framing misrepresents the broader context of the conflict and ignores important methodological and moral considerations. While war is always devastating, and both sides must do their best to spare the sick, the wounded and their caregivers, the judgement of war merely by its short-term impact on the healthcare resources of the losing side is misleading. It is a moral failure too, because Shahvisi's invocation of the value of distributive justice by means of public health data distracts attention from the question of limits on asymmetric warfare, pre-empting two very different questions: whether blockade and other practices of war are moral, and whether the sides to the Gaza conflict fail the established standards of military ethics. This is especially true when one side to the war deliberately neglects its healthcare system and exposes it to destruction, both while gearing up for war and during a war whose only achievable strategic goals are terrorising the opponent and provoking international moral rage at the devastation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Javanese ethical concepts in health and healing.","authors":"Fitriana Mawardi, Ayuningtyas Satya Lestari, Hari Kusnanto, Elsa Pudji Setiawati Sasongko, Dany Hilmanto","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111335","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioethics as an emerging moral tradition and some implications for adversarial cooperation.","authors":"Abram Brummett, Jason T Eberl, Matthew Shea","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rewriting the will: Autonomy and pharmacological desire modification in semaglutide use.","authors":"Julia Frant","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article responds to Ryan's and Savulescu's claim that semaglutide enhances autonomy by reducing problematic desires. Drawing on Frankfurt's hierarchical model of autonomy, this article argues that pharmacological alignment between first-order and higher-order desires can only be autonomy-enhancing if individuals also endorse the process by which their desires are reshaped. Further, it contends that socially influenced motivations, including those shaped by fatphobic norms, need not undermine autonomy so long as agents critically reflect on and endorse them. By reframing autonomy as a process of reconciling conflicting desires rather than a matter of outcomes, this analysis clarifies the ethical permissibility of pharmacological desire modification interventions. The broader implication is that respect for autonomy requires recognition of authentic authorship in contexts where medical and cultural forces shape desire, an approach that extends beyond weight-loss drugs to parallel debates about plastic surgery, gender-affirming care and addiction treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phenomenology of pregnancy: moral consequences for abortion.","authors":"Sanne Elisa van der Marck","doi":"10.1136/jme-2024-110560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2024-110560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy has a profound impact on individuals' lives, yet the subjective experience is often absent from the discourse on reproductive rights and ethics. Although pregnancy is an epistemically transformative experience, phenomenology can help us describe common structures in the many different subjective experiences of pregnancy. Doing so shows that the effects of pregnancy go beyond the physical symptoms; they invade the experience of the self and the world and transform identity. If someone wants to formulate an argument against abortion, they will have to include the existential impact of pregnancy. This article adds another existential dimension to the abortion debate. Through a phenomenological analysis of birth mothers, this article will demonstrate that after birth their world has fundamentally changed in a world-with-child and that after adoption their world may not return to the way it was before pregnancy. As the case of ectogenesis will show, this existential dimension goes beyond embodiment and further phenomenological research is necessary to accurately determine its existential impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidentiary double standards and the biopolitics of sex development.","authors":"Debra Carroll-Beight","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Voinea, Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Brian D Earp
{"title":"Digital twins or AI SIMs? What to call generative AI systems designed to emulate specific individuals, in healthcare settings and beyond.","authors":"Cristina Voinea, Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Brian D Earp","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural challenges to the adversarial cooperation framework in bioethics: a Confucian critique.","authors":"Shengbo Wu, Cong Cao","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluid identities, rigid algorithms? Towards inclusive digital twin technology.","authors":"Jose Luis Guerrero Quiñones, Anna Puzio","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When only some value disagreement: a response to Parker.","authors":"Bryan Pilkington","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}