Journal of Medical Ethics最新文献_第2页

Ethics briefing.

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110627

Natalie Michaux, Ranveig Svenning Berg, Melissa Haynes Agoro

引用次数: 0

Keeping it in the family: reproduction beyond genetic parenthood. 保持家族血统：超越基因亲子关系的生殖。

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109814

Daniela Cutas, Anna Smajdor

{"title":"Keeping it in the family: reproduction beyond genetic parenthood.","authors":"Daniela Cutas, Anna Smajdor","doi":"10.1136/jme-2023-109814","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jme-2023-109814","url":null,"abstract":"Recent decades have seen the facilitation of unconventional or even extraordinary reproductive endeavours. Sperm has been harvested from dying or deceased men at the request of their wives; reproductive tissue has been surgically removed from children at the request of their parents; deceased adults' frozen embryos have been claimed by their parents, in order to create grandchildren; wombs have been transplanted from mothers to their daughters. What is needed for requests to be honoured by healthcare staff is that they align with widely shared expectations about what people's reproductive potential ought to be, what marital relationships ought to result in, and which kinds of ties are desirable between parents and children. Costly and invasive technologies are not considered excessive when they are used to support the building of appropriate families. However, deviations from dominant reproductive norms, even if technologically simple and convenient to the participants, are unlikely to receive support. In this paper, we offer examples of such deviations and explore their implications. If reproduction is important as a way of creating genetic relationships, should reproductive material in storage be offered to genetic relatives other than the people from whom it originated? And if parents are allowed to have reproductive material collected from their offspring, or even to use it to create babies, should offspring likewise be allowed to use their parents' reproductive material? We tackle these questions and suggest ways in which interests in genetic ties could be operationalised in a more coherent and less-invasive manner than they currently are.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"111-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UK junior doctors' strikes and patients with cancer: a morally questionable association. 英国初级医生罢工与癌症患者：道德上值得怀疑的关联。

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110036

David J P Wilkinson

{"title":"UK junior doctors' strikes and patients with cancer: a morally questionable association.","authors":"David J P Wilkinson","doi":"10.1136/jme-2024-110036","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jme-2024-110036","url":null,"abstract":"Doctors' strikes are legally permissible in the UK, with the situation differing in other countries. But are they morally permissible? Doug McConnell and Darren Mann have systematically attempted to dismiss the arguments for the moral impermissibility of doctors' strikes and creatively attempted to provide further moral justification for them. Unfortunately for striking doctors, they fail to achieve this. Meanwhile, junior doctors' strikes have continued in the UK through 2023 and have now extended into 2024. In this response, which focuses on the UK situation and specifically junior doctors' strikes in the National Health Service (NHS) in England, I will demonstrate a central problem with their arguments-namely that they underplay the harms caused by prolonged doctors' strikes by ignoring the harms to patients with cancer. This weakens their conclusion that strikes are morally permissible in terms of the conditions and thresholds they set. I then provide a psychological critique of their justification for strikes in terms of the interests of the public. It follows that invoking the controversial concept of supererogatory action is ungrounded but also absurd when you consider time-critical cancer care. If those representing striking doctors wish to maintain a modicum of moral respectability, they should mitigate for patients with cancer and negotiate reasonably and with urgency.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"135-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

If not a right to children because of gestation, then not a duty towards them either. 如果说因为妊娠而对孩子没有权利，那么对孩子也没有义务。

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110390

Timothy F Murphy

引用次数: 0

Justifying emergent personhood: comment on Jecker and Atuire's What is a person?

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110542

G Owen Schaefer

引用次数: 0

Gestation most certainly matters, but it need not involve an 'emotional relationship'. 妊娠当然重要，但不一定涉及 "情感关系"。

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110412

Heloise Robinson

引用次数: 0

The Ethics of Ozempic and Wegovy.

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110374

Nanette Ryan, Julian Savulescu

引用次数: 0

Perennial issues and current controversies: 50 years of the JME.

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2024-110676

Lucy Frith

引用次数: 0

Ennui. 麻烦

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109748

Brent Carr, Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar

引用次数: 0

What is fair? Ethical analysis of triage criteria and disability rights during the COVID-19 pandemic and the German legislation. 什么是公平?COVID-19大流行期间分诊标准和残疾人权利的伦理分析及德国立法。

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109326

Elena Ana Francesca Göttert

{"title":"What is fair? Ethical analysis of triage criteria and disability rights during the COVID-19 pandemic and the German legislation.","authors":"Elena Ana Francesca Göttert","doi":"10.1136/jme-2023-109326","DOIUrl":"10.1136/jme-2023-109326","url":null,"abstract":"This essay discusses the ethical challenges and dilemmas in allocating scarce medical resources during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the German legislative process as a starting point. It is guided by the right to non-discrimination of people with disability and generally contrasts utilitarian and rights-based principles of allocation. Three approaches that were suggested in the German discussion, are presented, the lottery principle, the first come first served principle and the probability to survive principle. Arguments in favour and against each principle are discussed. The focus is on the utilitarian probability to survive principle, which was adopted in German legislation in 2022, and its discriminatory potential against people with disability. The essay suggests ways to mitigate the concerns of discrimination related to the probability to survive principle. It concludes that resolving the triage dilemma requires a balanced approach between utilitarian and rights-based concerns, which promotes both maximising the number of patients surviving and the right not to be discriminated against and be treated equally. It calls for a further debate on how many ethical values such as equity, fairness and non-discrimination we are willing to sacrifice for a higher number of survivors and when we are willing to sacrifice survivors to secure ethical values.","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"139-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136397803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0