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From liberation to occupation: rethinking Allied rule in Italy 从解放到占领：重新思考盟军在意大利的统治
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10126
Camilo Erlichman, Fabio Simonetti
{"title":"From liberation to occupation: rethinking Allied rule in Italy","authors":"Camilo Erlichman, Fabio Simonetti","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10126","url":null,"abstract":"This introduction situates the Allied occupation of Italy as a distinctive yet comparatively underexplored case within the broader history of mid-twentieth-century military occupations. It traces the origins, peculiarities, and contradictions of Allied rule, foregrounding the tension between liberation and occupation that shaped both contemporary experiences and subsequent historiography. After outlining the fragmented development of the field and the long predominance of liberation-centred narratives, it calls for recontextualising the occupation of Italy within wider transnational and comparative frameworks. Rather than examining the Italian case solely through an exploration of its domestic impact, the article proposes treating it as an early laboratory for Allied ruling practices that were later applied elsewhere. In addition, it suggests exploring the Italian case through a set of research themes that have emerged from the new comparative field of Occupation Studies. The special issue advances this agenda by combining attention to hitherto marginalised aspects of the era with critical reflection on established subjects, thereby contributing to a reassessment of Italy’s place within the history of Allied rule in mid-twentieth-century Europe.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Mussolini Collection: dispersal, historical erasure and public uses of the material memory of Fascism in Italy 墨索里尼收藏：意大利法西斯主义物质记忆的分散、历史抹去和公共使用
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10139
Maria Paola Pasini
{"title":"The Mussolini Collection: dispersal, historical erasure and public uses of the material memory of Fascism in Italy","authors":"Maria Paola Pasini","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10139","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the story behind a vast collection of personal objects, furnishings, books, photographs and documents belonging to Benito Mussolini and his entourage. Most of these items were dispersed after the war, revealing how the collective memory of fascism was caught between historical erasure, preservation and reuse. Following the collapse of the Italian Social Republic and the end of the war, the assets were transferred from Lake Garda to the Monti Riuniti di Credito su Pegno in Brescia. Considered historically and artistically insignificant but potentially dangerous as objects of worship, the authorities swiftly eradicated them in the early 1950s for fear that they might affect public opinion, which oscillated between authoritarian nostalgia and the exoneration of Fascism. Studying these objects can provide valuable insights into the cultural identity, aesthetic preferences and daily life of Mussolini and his inner circle, offering a better understanding of the internal dynamics of power management at the heart of the regime.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Culture for development: the Italian dualism and the Ford-SVIMEZ Centre (1955-1969) 文化促进发展：意大利的二元论和福特- svimez中心（1955-1969）
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10132
Mattia Granata
{"title":"Culture for development: the Italian dualism and the Ford-SVIMEZ Centre (1955-1969)","authors":"Mattia Granata","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10132","url":null,"abstract":"This article reconstructs the history of the ‘Centro per gli Studi sullo Sviluppo Economico’ created through a collaboration between the SVIMEZ (Associazione per lo sviluppo dell’industria nel Mezzogiorno) and the Ford Foundation and active between 1958 and 1969. Through the analysis of unpublished documentation from the SVIMEZ archives, the article shows how the ‘Italian laboratory’ of Southern Italy became an international case study in the context of the Cold War and the dawn of development economics. The Centre played a crucial role in training economists and officials and in disseminating the Italian experience at the Mediterranean and global levels, combining international theoretical approaches with the empirical legacy of policies for the ‘Mezzogiorno’. The paper highlights how this experience represented a meeting point between American philanthropy, Western modernisation and bottom-up development practices, contributing to the construction of transnational networks and the spread of development culture in the era of decolonisation.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147625626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exciting reads: how the ideal of romantic love shaped the sexual desires of Paolo Mantegazza’s female readers 令人兴奋的阅读：浪漫爱情的理想如何塑造保罗·曼特加扎的女性读者的性欲
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10131
Francesca Campani
{"title":"Exciting reads: how the ideal of romantic love shaped the sexual desires of Paolo Mantegazza’s female readers","authors":"Francesca Campani","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10131","url":null,"abstract":"By reconstructing the boundaries of a ‘community’ that shared the same emotional horizon when it came to love, this article explores the role that concepts of romantic love played in the development of modern ideas of sexuality, with a specific focus on the relationship between women, sexual desire and pleasure. After a brief description of the Italian historical and cultural context in which Paolo Mantegazza developed his sexual science and the role that romantic love played within it, I analyse his <jats:italic>Fisiologia dell’amore</jats:italic> to show how, even without explicit references to sexual acts, the book clearly alludes to sexual desire and pleasure. I then examine a selection of letters from Mantegazza’s female readers to demonstrate their enthusiasm for the book. Finally, I show how ideas of romantic love and the introspective enquiry prompted by reading Mantegazza also affected women’s awareness of themselves as <jats:italic>sexed</jats:italic> beings capable of and entitled to experiences of pleasure.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147518888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Bloomsbury Handbook of Modern Italian History Conference: a summary of the papers and discussion. Milan, 11–12 December 2025 布卢姆斯伯里现代意大利历史会议手册：论文和讨论摘要。米兰，2025年12月11日至12日
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10133
Gianluca Fantoni, Claudia Baldoli, Diana Moore
{"title":"The Bloomsbury Handbook of Modern Italian History Conference: a summary of the papers and discussion. Milan, 11–12 December 2025","authors":"Gianluca Fantoni, Claudia Baldoli, Diana Moore","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10133","url":null,"abstract":"This summary presents the proceedings of the two-day conference held in December 2025 as part of the preparatory work for <jats:italic>The Bloomsbury Handbook of Modern Italian History</jats:italic> . Conceived as a collective intellectual workshop, the conference brought together scholars working across chronological, thematic, and methodological boundaries to reflect on how modern Italy’s history can be narrated and rethought in handbook form. Over two days, participants discussed the construction of Italian identity, from the eighteenth century to the present, foregrounding the interaction between political cultures, social structures, and cultural representations. The eight panels explored national identity before and after unification; the role of media, Catholicism, and war; gender, sexuality, and race; crime and deviance; colonialism; urban development and environmental inequality; labour, industrialisation, and economic crises; Fascism and antifascism; and the architectural, cultural, and mnemonic legacies of the twentieth century. The conference functioned not merely as a presentation of individual chapters, but as a forum in which contributors tested interpretative frameworks, identified historiographical gaps, and refined their arguments. In doing so, it played a crucial role in shaping the intellectual coherence of <jats:italic>The Bloomsbury Handbook</jats:italic> , ensuring that it reflects current debates while offering a critical and inclusive account of modern Italian history.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147519293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Allies between liberation and occupation: a retrospective 解放与占领之间的同盟：回顾
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2025.10121
David William Ellwood
{"title":"The Allies between liberation and occupation: a retrospective","authors":"David William Ellwood","doi":"10.1017/mit.2025.10121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2025.10121","url":null,"abstract":"This article revisits the often contradictory experience of Allied rule in Italy, challenging the narrative of liberation and proposing instead to embrace more emphatically the lens of ‘occupation’. Building on the author’s own contribution to the field and reviewing the evolution of the literature over the past decades, it explores five central themes that help redefine our understanding of this era: the temporal and spatial backdrop against which Allied rule unfolded, shaped by the notion of ‘co-belligerency’; the impact of total war on Italian society; the role of British and American military and political leadership in shaping occupation policy; the cultural and symbolic influence of American forces; and the impact of war and occupation on women. It argues that the occupation regime profoundly shaped Italy’s experience during the mid-twentieth century as well as its postwar identity, contributing to a persistent national pacifism and ambivalence towards the new superpowers.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147351281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The making of a dominant narrative: the translation(s) of Churchill’s The Second World War in Italy 主导叙事的形成：丘吉尔的《第二次世界大战在意大利》的翻译
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10128
Daniele Pipitone
{"title":"The making of a dominant narrative: the translation(s) of Churchill’s The Second World War in Italy","authors":"Daniele Pipitone","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10128","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the Italian translations and reception of Winston S. Churchill’s <jats:italic>The Second World War</jats:italic> , using British and Italian archival materials and press sources. It shows how the Italian editions and serialisations introduced constant modifications – abridgements, omissions, textual cuts, and paratextual framing – in order to adapt the memoirs for a national audience. These interventions softened Churchill’s judgments on Italy, emphasised the ideological character of the war, and strengthened anti-Soviet themes, thus aligning the text with dominant cultural and political discourses of the postwar years. Analysis of contemporary reviews and newspaper debates highlights a polarised reception: critical distance or silence in intellectual journals contrasted with enthusiastic praise in mainstream dailies, where the memoirs were hailed as both literary achievement and democratic statement. The article argues that these editorial and translational strategies played a crucial role in integrating Churchill’s narrative into Italian collective memory, supporting a symbolic redefinition of Italy’s place from defeated nation to one of the victors.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147351288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The grammar of the occupation: the Advisory Council and the making of Allied policy in Italy, 1943–47 占领的语法：咨询委员会和盟军在意大利的政策制定，1943-47
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10129
Marco Maria Aterrano
{"title":"The grammar of the occupation: the Advisory Council and the making of Allied policy in Italy, 1943–47","authors":"Marco Maria Aterrano","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10129","url":null,"abstract":"The trajectory of Allied control in occupied Italy was characterised by the easing of pressure on local institutions in its progression from military government to institutional supervision. The structure of control was imagined as following three institutional steps, according to which the Allied Military Government would be succeeded – upon the re-establishment of a functioning Italian government – by an Allied Control Commission tasked with maintaining a supervisory role. A lesser-known institution, the Advisory Council for Italy, was established with the external contribution of Russian, French and subsequently Greek and Yugoslav representatives. This third body contributed to the political management of Italian affairs through a series of recommendations which helped shape the direction of the Allied occupation. By analysing the Council’s documentation, this article outlines its political objectives, institutional practices and internal tensions, while highlighting the development of a more widely co-ordinated Allied control policy for Italy.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147351291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Caramelle, caramelle! American food and Italians in the Second World War: propaganda, othering, and food exchange Caramelle, Caramelle !第二次世界大战中的美国食物和意大利食物：宣传、交换和食物交换
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2026.10127
Patrizia Sambuco
{"title":"Caramelle, caramelle! American food and Italians in the Second World War: propaganda, othering, and food exchange","authors":"Patrizia Sambuco","doi":"10.1017/mit.2026.10127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2026.10127","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the function of American food and its exchange at the time of the Allied occupation of Italy to revisit the complexity of the encounter with the local population. Through unpublished diaries and confidential reports of the Psychological Warfare Branch, as well as video materials, published interviews and published diaries, the article makes the issues around food central to the understanding of the dynamics of the Italian occupation. While contributing to the growing literature on food availability in the Second World War, the article expands in particular on the historic function of American comfort food and rations, to explore the experience of the Italian occupation through the interactions of gifting, bartering and black market trade. It illuminates the complexity of mutual perceptions shaped by hope, nostalgia, supremacy, and fairness. It concludes with a reading of John Hersey’s <jats:italic>A Bell for Adano,</jats:italic> which, as a cultural product, brings together and makes valid for future generations, the contrasting image of a benign and a damaging occupation explored in the article.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146778283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital history, revisionism and antifascism: charting a course 数字历史、修正主义和反法西斯主义：绘制路线
IF 0.5 3区 历史学
Modern Italy Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1017/mit.2025.10114
Nicola Cacciatore, Francesca Cavarocchi, Gabriella Gotti
{"title":"Digital history, revisionism and antifascism: charting a course","authors":"Nicola Cacciatore, Francesca Cavarocchi, Gabriella Gotti","doi":"10.1017/mit.2025.10114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mit.2025.10114","url":null,"abstract":"After introducing the topic of antifascism on the internet and the issues that scientific publications encounter when facing the web, the first part of this contribution in Contexts and Debates examined the first of three digital history projects connected to this topic, the <jats:italic>Atlante delle stragi naziste e fasciste</jats:italic> . In this following section, the attention is focused on two more publications: <jats:italic>IF – Intellettuali in fuga dall’Italia fascista</jats:italic> , a project tied to the issue of mobility for people persecuted by the Fascist regime; and <jats:italic>Memorie in Cammino</jats:italic> , a project that approaches its content and the user’s interaction with it in an entirely non-linear manner, reconstructing the lives and actions of those who resisted the regime.","PeriodicalId":18688,"journal":{"name":"Modern Italy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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