{"title":"“Uh, I'm a pretty sick guy”: The dialogue of American Psycho in fiction and film","authors":"Aja Čelhar, Monika Kavalir","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how dialogue in Bret Easton Ellis's novel American Psycho (1991) serves to project the identity of its controversial protagonist Patrick Bateman. A comparison with the dialogue in Mary Harron's film adaptation (2000) further highlights the importance of dialogue for characterisation by analysing how changes in Bateman's conversational behaviour on screen result in a different interpretation of the character. A pragmastylistic analysis reveals that dialogues are characterised by a strong discrepancy between their form and their content. While Conversation Analysis exposes few irregularities in the turn-taking structure of the dialogues, a Gricean pragmatic analysis confirms the impression that the content of the dialogues is often vapid – the participants fail to establish a meaningful connection with one another through a cooperative exchange of information. Bateman tries to disrupt the vapid interaction by confessing ever more openly to his killing sprees in a desperate attempt to establish some genuine contact. However, as the dialogues maintain the semblance of conversation, his shocking confessions go completely unnoticed. A scene-based analysis of the film, complete with a multimodal transcript, provides an insight into how the reduction of Bateman's deviances significantly alters his characterisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"245 ","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic interplay of social variables in request strategies of workplace e-mails","authors":"Gayeong Jung, Hikyoung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how contextual and situational factors shape linguistic politeness used in English request e-mails, with a focus on the workplace setting. More specifically, it investigates how sociopragmatic variables associated with the speech act of request—such as rights, obligations, and hierarchical rank—influence (in)directness and selection of substrategies. A systematically operationalized Discourse Completion Test (DCT) was administered to Korean corporate employees who use English as a foreign language, as well as native American employees, across six comparable e-mailing scenarios. These scenarios varied by three levels of hierarchical rank (equal, low, high) and two degrees of imposition (low, high). The findings revealed the significance of degree of imposition and insignificance of hierarchical rank, along with the occurrence of the interaction between the two. Furthermore, degree of imposition emerged as a more decisive factor than hierarchical rank, with the task-oriented nature of workplace efficiency playing a crucial role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Pages 10-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pragmatic alternatives and social meaning","authors":"Eric K. Acton , Matthew Hunt","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The notion that an utterance's meaning in context depends not just on its entailments but also on what could have been said instead – that is, on pragmatic alternatives – is a key insight of pragmatic theory and has been employed fruitfully in accounting for central pragmatic phenomena like implicature. In this article we show why and how alternatives not only play a crucial role in familiar cases of implicature (e.g., <em>some</em> +> ‘not all’), but engender social meaning as well. Incorporating sociolinguistic theory and perspectives, we present a sociopragmatic framework that generalizes insights about alternatives in inference from previous pragmatic research. Then, taking as our empirical focus singular expressions of the form <em>the X</em> where an alternative like <em>my/your X</em> would be felicitous, we demonstrate the utility and broad scope of this framework. As we show, alternatives are crucial to interpretation and inference very generally, whether dealing in morphosyntactic objects or phonetics, situation descriptions or social meanings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Pages 42-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of self-access web-based instruction on EFL learners' pragmatic awareness of email requests to faculty","authors":"Sonia López-Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has shown that EFL university students have difficulties identifying what is appropriate in email requests to faculty. As a response to this need to develop students' awareness of how to write status-congruent request emails in English, a small body of research has started to investigate the effects of pedagogical interventions on email request pragmatics, finding positive results for in-class instruction. The present study intends to contribute to this line of research by investigating the extent to which students' pragmatic awareness may improve as a result of instruction delivered through a self-access web-based module. In addition, the study investigates whether instruction helps students' appropriateness perceptions become more aligned with those of university lecturers. Participants were 70 EFL first-year students at a public university in Spain. Their development of pragmatic awareness was measured through a perception task that included three email requests that contained pragmatic infelicities and aggravators. Students rated email appropriateness on a four-point Likert scale and wrote justifications of such ratings. Our data showed that their ratings of appropriateness were significantly different from the pre- to the post-test, and that the post-test ratings were more aligned to those of university lecturers in the case of higher imposition requests. In addition, after instruction participants were able to identify more pragmatic infelicities, and their written answers showed a higher awareness of pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic factors. The present study thus supports the beneficial effects of pragmatic instruction that is delivered through a self-access web-based module included within an English university course.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Pages 24-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relating to others and (not) getting along: What triggers evaluative reactions?","authors":"Helen Spencer-Oatey , Jiayi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a growing focus within (im)politeness theory on evaluation – the subjective judgements that people make on the appropriateness of verbal and non-verbal behaviour and of the interlocutors involved. However, to date there is insufficient clarity over the factors that trigger those evaluations. Often this is explained in terms of breach of norms, but there are various conceptual and empirical difficulties associated with this. This paper argues for greater attention to be paid to personal wants and concerns as additional evaluative grounds and proposes labelling these ‘personal interactional concerns’ (PICs). This concept is in line with much (im)politeness theory as well as with theorising in interpersonal psychology. Relevant literature from these fields is first reviewed to identify the range of triggers or interactional concerns that have been identified by different scholars. A dataset of metapragmatic comments, plus some associated discourse data, is analysed to identify the factors that interlocutors refer to when reflecting on their recent interactions with unfamiliar professionals. The aim is to explore (a) what triggers or concerns participants refer to and (b) whether the additional concept of PICs is helpful for explaining individual variation. The article ends by arguing that greater clarity on these trigger factors is important not only for theoretical reasons, but also for the support they can offer in helping people reflect more meaningfully on relationally salient incidents that they experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Pages 6-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pragmatic variation across the New Englishes","authors":"Foluke Unuabonah , Ulrike Gut","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Special Issue brings together and illustrates innovative approaches to investigating pragmatic variation in the ‘New’ varieties of English that have developed around the world, including Nigerian English, Ghanaian English, Kenyan English, Ugandan English, Namibian English, South African English, Sri Lankan English and Indian English. These Englishes are each spoken in unique postcolonial contexts, where specific cultural and linguistic settings interact with speakers' pragmatic choices. Focussing on a wide range of pragmatic items, the papers showcase the use of (comparative) corpus-based approaches to studying pragmatic variation in New Englishes. In particular, the papers introduce the new method of Postcolonial Corpus Pragmatics, a corpus-based approach that combines quantitative and qualitative analyses, sophisticated multifactorial analysis methods for discovering the combined effects of various factors on pragmatic choices as well as an innovative method of designing a tool for researching pragmatics in postcolonial contexts, which demonstrates both a solid theoretical foundation as well as a specific focus on the postcolonial community of practice under investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Refusals in Japanese parliamentary deliberations","authors":"Chen Huiling, Liu Yiting","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the typical communication case of ‘refusal to answer’ in Japanese parliamentary deliberations, examining the grammatical structure, meaning, and function of refusal discourse and their interlinkages from the microscopic perspective of local grammar. By deconstructing the discourse of Japanese politicians, this study reveals the essence of their linguistic wars. The analysis identifies 6 functional labels within refusal discourse: “Refuser”, “Refused item”, “Refused reason”, “Refused action”, “Hinge”, and “Situation/degree”, and the subsequent analyses identified 16 basic local grammar patterns of refusal, which are categorized into four major types. Among these patterns, those consisting of two to three functional labels, which represent substantive content of refusal, are the most frequently used and are most effective in fulfilling the communicative function of refusal. The more complex and rigorous these patterns are, with functional labels stacked on top of each other and the same construct repeated over and over again, the stronger the refuser's intention to deflect and evade. While these linguistic forms of refusal appear respectful and polite and fulfill the original communicative function of refusal on the surface, they may ultimately become tools of defense or attack. In the end, there is a higher risk of losing the nation's trust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Pages 237-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}