IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2024.184

Liz Egan

{"title":"“A Lazy Mistress Makes a Lazy Servant”: Domestic Labor and White Creole Womanhood in Jamaica, ca.1865–1938","authors":"Liz Egan","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2024.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.184","url":null,"abstract":"This article traces the reproduction of whiteness in Jamaica during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries through the lens of domestic labor. Articulated in dialogue—and at times in tension—with Britain, what it meant to be white was forged through representations and practices of domestic service and household management, shaped by the legacies of slavery and the shifting colonial relationship. Anxieties about a declining white population and attempts to rejuvenate the island's image contributed to prescriptions of domestic labor management that positioned the white creole mistress as a model of respectability and colonial modernity. Black domestic servants were repeatedly presented as the mirror through which white creole womanhood was constructed, and this article argues that these representations served to consolidate class/color hierarchies that privileged whiteness into the twentieth century. Yet mapping these discourses onto the daily interactions between mistress and maid also exposes the persistent work required to secure racialized hierarchies. Through photographs, diaries, and correspondence read alongside published oral histories, the article argues that domestic servants persistently exercised agency that disrupted and spoke back to popular depictions, demonstrating the fraught reproduction of creole whiteness at the intersections of race, class, color, gender, and colonial identity.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Death of Colin Roach and the Politics of Grief and Anger in Late Twentieth-Century Britain

IF 1 1区历史学

Journal of British Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/jbr.2025.5

Stephen Brooke

{"title":"The Death of Colin Roach and the Politics of Grief and Anger in Late Twentieth-Century Britain","authors":"Stephen Brooke","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2025.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2025.5","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the death of Colin Roach in Stoke Newington Police Station, Hackney, in 1983, and explores the emotional politics of the campaigns that followed his death. These campaigns were focused on both determining the circumstances of Roach's death and highlighting tensions between the police and the Black community of Hackney. Using hitherto unpublished archival sources, local newspapers, and visual sources, the article documents racial politics in Hackney in the early 1980s and examines the relationship between race and policing at that time. The article argues that the experience and expression of grief and anger were critical to understanding the political problem of race and policing in London in the 1980s, to forming and mobilizing political communities, and to interrogating the power of the state. The article also argues that a critical element of the emotional economy around race in Hackney in 1983 was the indifference and lack of empathy of the police in Stoke Newington to ethnic minority communities. This lack of empathy not only illustrated the problem of race within the police force at this time but further fueled local campaigns to make the police accountable. This links the Roach case to a later turning point—the 1999 Macpherson inquiry into the murder of Stephen Lawrence, which characterized the Metropolitan Police as institutionally racist.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spin in randomized controlled trials of pharmacology in COVID-19: A systematic review. 新冠肺炎药理学的自旋随机对照试验：系统综述。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2269083

Yunkyoung Oh, Youn-Joo Jung, Purja Sujata, Minji Kim, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Kyuyeon Cho, Ai Koyanagi, Zhaoli Dai, Lee Smith, Jae Il Shin, Eunyoung Kim

{"title":"Spin in randomized controlled trials of pharmacology in COVID-19: A systematic review.","authors":"Yunkyoung Oh, Youn-Joo Jung, Purja Sujata, Minji Kim, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Kyuyeon Cho, Ai Koyanagi, Zhaoli Dai, Lee Smith, Jae Il Shin, Eunyoung Kim","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2269083","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2269083","url":null,"abstract":"Spin, defined as the misrepresentation of the results of a study, could negate the validity of scientific findings. To explore the manifestation of spin, and identify the factors affecting spin in COVID-19 RCTs, a systematic review was performed from PubMed/Medline, National Institutes of Health, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science. RCTs on pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 with nonsignificant primary outcomes published in 2020 were included. 21 abstracts (33.9%) and 28 main texts (45.2%) were found to contain spin in at least one section. In the conclusion section, other spin strategies beautifying their findings that were not included in the abstract were found in the main texts. More factors influencing the level of spin were found in abstracts than in the main texts, but most of the levels of spin in abstracts were comparable to those in the main texts. Although common factors that affected the manifestation of spin in the main texts and abstracts were the sample size and type of journal, further research to determine multicollinearity between significant factors and the manifestation of spin is required.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"214-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governance of research and product improvement studies in consumer mental health apps. Interviews with researchers and app developers. 消费者心理健康应用程序中的研究治理和产品改进研究。对研究人员和应用程序开发人员的采访。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2281548

Kamiel Verbeke, Charu Jain, Ambra Shpendi, Pascal Borry

{"title":"Governance of research and product improvement studies in consumer mental health apps. Interviews with researchers and app developers.","authors":"Kamiel Verbeke, Charu Jain, Ambra Shpendi, Pascal Borry","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2281548","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2281548","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer mental health apps (MHAs) collect and generate mental health-related data on their users, which can be leveraged for research and product improvement studies. Such studies are associated with ethical issues that may be difficult for researchers and app developers to assess. To improve ethical study conduct, governance through rules, agreements and customs could be relied upon, but their translation into practice is subject to barriers. This qualitative interview study with 17 researchers and app developers looked into the role and impact of governance standards on consumer MHA studies. Interviewees experienced a significant number of rules, agreements and customs, although not all of the governance standards that can potentially be applicable. Standards did have an impact on the interests of researchers and app developers, app users and society, but this impact was mediated by several barriers related to their conceptualization and implementation. Conceptualization barriers impacted the development of a standard, the inclusion of relevant concepts and the coordination between standards. Implementation barriers concerned the resource cost of understanding a standard, as well as suboptimal enforcement. The framework developed in this study can support more effective efforts to improve the governance of future consumer MHA studies.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"341-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing faculty research mentors: Influence of experience with diverse mentees, gender, and mentorship training. 发展教师研究导师:不同学员、性别和导师培训经验的影响。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2280234

Louie C Alexander, Elise Demeter, Katherine Hall-Hertel, Lisa M Rasmussen

{"title":"Developing faculty research mentors: Influence of experience with diverse mentees, gender, and mentorship training.","authors":"Louie C Alexander, Elise Demeter, Katherine Hall-Hertel, Lisa M Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2280234","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2280234","url":null,"abstract":"Effective mentoring is crucial for early-career researchers, and formal mentor training programs have demonstrated benefits for participating faculty. To determine how mentor training generalizes to different contexts and populations, we delivered mentor training and evaluated its impact on faculty's self-perceived mentoring skills. We also assessed whether mentor experience with diverse mentee populations or mentor gender influences mentors' self-perceived skills and if training interacted with these self-perceptions. We found mentors with more experience with diverse mentees were more likely to rate their mentoring skills higher than mentors with less experience across most areas assessed. Women rated themselves more highly than men at addressing diversity within the mentoring relationship. Mentors with less experience with diverse mentees gained the most training-related benefits in fostering independence skills. Training improved faculty self-perceived mentoring skills in all areas assessed. These results suggest while mentor training can benefit all involved, it can be especially useful for those newer to mentoring.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"318-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-powered psychotherapy as a model for improving disclosure and substitute judgment.

IF 3.3 2区哲学

Journal of Medical Ethics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2025-110814

Craig W McFarland

引用次数: 0

An Open-Source Machine Learning–Based Methodological Approach for Processing High-Resolution UAS LiDAR Data in Archaeological Contexts: A Case Study from Epirus, Greece

IF 2.3 1区历史学

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10816-025-09706-8

Nicodemo Abate, Dimitris Roubis, Anthi Aggeli, Maria Sileo, Antonio Minervino Amodio, Valentino Vitale, Alessia Frisetti, Maria Danese, Pierluigi Arzu, Francesca Sogliani, Rosa Lasaponara, Nicola Masini

{"title":"An Open-Source Machine Learning–Based Methodological Approach for Processing High-Resolution UAS LiDAR Data in Archaeological Contexts: A Case Study from Epirus, Greece","authors":"Nicodemo Abate, Dimitris Roubis, Anthi Aggeli, Maria Sileo, Antonio Minervino Amodio, Valentino Vitale, Alessia Frisetti, Maria Danese, Pierluigi Arzu, Francesca Sogliani, Rosa Lasaponara, Nicola Masini","doi":"10.1007/s10816-025-09706-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-025-09706-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows and discusses an innovative approach devised for archaeological feature detection using unmanned aerial system (UAS) LiDAR and an open-source probabilistic machine learning framework. The methodology employs a Random Forest classification algorithm within CloudCompare’s 3DMASC plugin to analyse dense LiDAR point clouds. The main steps include classifier training, hyperparameter adjustment and point cloud segmentation to produce digital terrain models (DTM), digital feature models (DFM) and digital surface models (DSM). Experimenting different parameters led to the determination of the best set to be employed for the training model. Subsequent data enhancement with the Relief Visualisation Toolbox (RVT) refines the visibility of archaeological features, particularly within complex and heavily vegetated terrain. The use case selected to validate this approach is the site of Kastrí-Pandosia in Epirus (Greece), which is particularly suitable for LiDAR analysis by UAS. This approach significantly improves archaeological detection and interpretation, revealing previously inaccessible or obscured microtopographic and structural features. The results highlight the site’s defensive walls, terracing and potential anthropogenic routes, underlining the methodology’s effectiveness in detecting archaeological landscapes at multiple levels. This study emphasises the utility of accessible and open-source solutions for the identification of archaeological features, promoting cost-effective methods to improve the documentation of sites in remote or difficult locations.","PeriodicalId":47725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical imperatives in migration health: Justice and care in forced migration contexts. 移民健康中的伦理要务：强迫移民背景下的正义与关怀。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Developing World Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/dewb.12482

Akm Ahsan Ullah

{"title":"Ethical imperatives in migration health: Justice and care in forced migration contexts.","authors":"Akm Ahsan Ullah","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12482","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the ethical imperatives of migration health, focusing on displaced populations such as the Rohingya and Syrian refugees. Forced migration, driven by conflict, persecution, and climate disasters, presents profound ethical challenges to global healthcare systems. Utilizing deontological ethics, utilitarianism, and human rights-based approaches, the research addresses key principles like justice, equity, autonomy, and non-maleficence in healthcare provision for refugees. Empirical insights reveal significant barriers to healthcare access for displaced populations, including systemic discrimination, resource scarcity, and cultural constraints. Ethical dilemmas are particularly evident in resource allocation, prioritization of acute over chronic conditions, and neglect of mental health services. Through case studies from Rohingya camps in Bangladesh and Syrian refugee settings in Turkey and Jordan, the study highlights inequities in healthcare delivery, exacerbated by cultural and logistical challenges. The article emphasizes on culturally sensitive training, participatory healthcare design, and equitable resource distribution as critical pathways to ethical healthcare. Policy recommendations include prioritizing mental health, harmonizing national policies with international human rights law, and fostering global accountability frameworks.","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transparency in research: An analysis of ChatGPT usage acknowledgment by authors across disciplines and geographies. 研究的透明度:跨学科和地域的作者对ChatGPT使用情况的认可分析。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2273377

Raghu Raman

{"title":"Transparency in research: An analysis of ChatGPT usage acknowledgment by authors across disciplines and geographies.","authors":"Raghu Raman","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2273377","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2273377","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation systematically reviews the recognition of generative AI tools, particularly ChatGPT, in scholarly literature. Utilizing 1,226 publications from the Dimensions database, ranging from November 2022 to July 2023, the research scrutinizes temporal trends and distribution across disciplines and regions. U.S.-based authors lead in acknowledgments, with notable contributions from China and India. Predominantly, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, as well as Information and Computing Sciences, are engaging with these AI tools. Publications like \"The Lancet Digital Health\" and platforms such as \"bioRxiv\" are recurrent venues for such acknowledgments, highlighting AI's growing impact on research dissemination. The analysis is confined to the Dimensions database, thus potentially overlooking other sources and grey literature. Additionally, the study abstains from examining the acknowledgments' quality or ethical considerations. Findings are beneficial for stakeholders, providing a basis for policy and scholarly discourse on ethical AI use in academia. This study represents the inaugural comprehensive empirical assessment of AI acknowledgment patterns in academic contexts, addressing a previously unexplored aspect of scholarly communication.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"277-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scientific misconduct: A cross-sectional study of the perceptions, attitudes and experiences of Spanish researchers. 科学不端行为:西班牙研究人员的看法，态度和经验的横断面研究。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2284965

Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Ali Ghaddar, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Leonor Varela-Lema, Carlos Álvarez-Dardet, Alberto Ruano-Ravina

{"title":"Scientific misconduct: A cross-sectional study of the perceptions, attitudes and experiences of Spanish researchers.","authors":"Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Ali Ghaddar, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Leonor Varela-Lema, Carlos Álvarez-Dardet, Alberto Ruano-Ravina","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2284965","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2284965","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to identify the perceptions, attitudes and experiences of Spanish researchers regarding different aspects relating to scientific misconduct, both overall and by gender, years of research experience, and type of research institution. This is a cross-sectional study based on an anonymous online survey, targeting researchers in the field of biomedicine. The survey comprised a first block (13 questions) covering sociodemographic data, and a second block (14 questions) covering researchers' perceptions, attitudes and experiences. A descriptive analysis was performed. 403 researchers answered the survey: 51.1% (n = 205) women, median age 45 years. The observed frequency of scientific misconduct was 78.8%. Additionally, 43.3% of researchers acknowledged having intentionally engaged in some type of scientific misconduct (self-reported frequency). The most frequent type of scientific misconduct was false authorship. The most frequent types of both observed and self-reported scientific misconduct did not appear to differ by years of experience but did differ by gender and type of research institution. In conclusion, there is a high frequency of scientific misconduct among Spanish biomedical science researchers as 4 of 10 researchers recognized that took part in any type of scientific misconduct. There are differences between the most frequent types of misconduct according to different characteristics, mainly type of institution.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"393-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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