IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2255826

I M Lechner, L B Mokkink, G J de Ridder, R van Woudenberg, L M Bouter, J K Tijdink

{"title":"The core epistemic responsibilities of universities: Results from a Delphi study.","authors":"I M Lechner, L B Mokkink, G J de Ridder, R van Woudenberg, L M Bouter, J K Tijdink","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2255826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2255826","url":null,"abstract":"Epistemic responsibilities (ERs) of universities concern equipping and empowering its researchers, educators and students to attain, produce, exchange and disseminate knowledge. ERs can potentially guide universities in improving education, research and in service to society. Building on earlier philosophical work, we applied empirical methods to identify core ERs of universities and their constituting elements. We used a three-round Delphi survey, alternating between closed questions to gain consensus, and open questions to let panelists motivate their answers. 46 panelists participated in our study. We reached consensus on six ERs: 1) to foster research integrity, 2) to stimulate the development of intellectual virtues, 3) to address the big questions of life, 4) to cultivate the diversity of the disciplinary fields, 5) to serve and engage with society at large, and 6) to cultivate and safeguard academic freedom. Together the six ERs contain 27 elements. Consensus rates ranged from 73%-100% for both the ERs and their elements. Participants' detailed responses led to substantial improvements in the accompanying descriptions of the ERs. Our findings can inform the debate about the roles and responsibilities of universities, and inform researchers and policy makers to emphasize epistemic tasks of universities.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"99-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomedical moral enhancement for psychopaths. 精神变态者的生物医学道德提升。

IF 1.7 2区哲学

Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13373

Junsik Yoon

{"title":"Biomedical moral enhancement for psychopaths.","authors":"Junsik Yoon","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13373","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the ethical permissibility of biomedical moral enhancement (BME) for psychopaths, considering both coercive and voluntary approaches. To do so, I will first briefly explain what psychopaths are and some normative implications of these facts. I will then ethically examine three scenarios of BME for psychopaths: (1) coercive BME for non-criminal psychopaths, (2) coercive BME for psychopathic offenders, and (3) voluntary BME for psychopathic offenders. I will argue that coercive BME for non-criminal psychopaths is ethically problematic due to issues of cost, invasion of privacy, and stigmatic effects of compulsory diagnosis. Similarly, I will argue that coercive BME for criminals is impermissible due to violations of the rights to bodily and mental integrity. However, I will show that voluntary BME for offenders may be ethically permissible under certain conditions, challenging the critique that the consent of vulnerable prisoners cannot be considered fully voluntary. I argue that when an offender is provided with sufficient medical and legal information, incentives such as the possibility of parole review based on BME results do not preclude the voluntariness of consent. Ultimately, I aim to advance the debate on BME for psychopaths by delineating and defending conditions for the ethical permissibility of voluntary BME.","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"170-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The author expression of concern (AEOC): A proposed formal mechanism to allow authors' legitimate concerns to be heard, and their rights and voices to be respected. 作者表达关注（AEOC）：一种拟议的正式机制，允许作者的合法关注得到倾听，他们的权利和声音得到尊重。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2258625

Jaime A Teixeira da Silva, Yuki Yamada

{"title":"The author expression of concern (AEOC): A proposed formal mechanism to allow authors' legitimate concerns to be heard, and their rights and voices to be respected.","authors":"Jaime A Teixeira da Silva, Yuki Yamada","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2258625","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2258625","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a type of DOI-based manuscript, the author expression of concern (AEOC), allowing authors to formally publish their concerns about legitimate procedural problems associated with editors, reviewers, journals or publishers. Managed by a neutral third-party arbitrator or moderator, AEOCs would be limited in size and subjected to fair but strict screening of presented evidence. When an AEOC is approved for publication by an arbitrator, the criticized party would also need to formally respond within a reasonable period, as a \"letter to the author(s)\", which is also screened by the same arbitrator. Expanding the range of publishing options for authors, as AEOCs, would allow them to voice their legitimate concerns related to a journal's procedures in a formalized format. Although implementation might be challenging at first, it could demonstrate the fairness of editorial policies and democratize the publication process by taking authors' legitimate expressions of discontent related to procedure, and their rights of expression into account, elevating them to a formal article status, allowing for a more balanced two-way system of accountability and openness. Author empowerment that matches editorial and publisher empowerment is essential for a journal to truly claim to be fair, just and accountable.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"188-192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are the lists of questionable journals reasonable: A case study of early warning journal lists. 可疑期刊的列表合理吗：预警期刊列表的案例研究。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2261846

Gengyan Tang, Jingyu Peng

{"title":"Are the lists of questionable journals reasonable: A case study of early warning journal lists.","authors":"Gengyan Tang, Jingyu Peng","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2261846","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2261846","url":null,"abstract":"The use of lists of questionable journals as a means to ensure research quality and integrity is the subject of an ongoing debate due to their ambiguous criteria. To assess the reasonableness of these lists from a typological perspective, we examined how effectively they reflect differences in bibliometric attributes among distinct groups and whether these differences are consistent. Using the Early Warning Journal Lists from the National Science Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as a case study, we categorized listed journals by warning levels and publication years. Our findings indicate potential inconsistencies in the criteria used for assigning warning levels, as we observed varying degrees of differences (or their absence) among groups across different key academic indicators. Notably, when it comes to citation metrics like journal impact factor and journal citation indicator, it appears that these criteria may not have been considered for grouping, although this lack of clarity from the creators is apparent. This underscores the importance of conducting more scientific and thorough evaluations of lists of questionable journals, along with a greater emphasis on sharing precise standards and data. Our study also provides recommendations for future iterations of such lists by different institutions.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"158-181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social media or scholarly submission? Appropriate responses and academic attention. 社交媒体还是学术论文？适当的回应和学术关注。

IF 1.7 2区哲学

Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13366

Elizabeth Lanphier

引用次数: 0

Defining "recklessness" in research misconduct proceedings. 定义研究不端行为程序中的“鲁莽”。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2256650

Minal M Caron, Sarah B Dohan, Mark Barnes, Barbara E Bierer

{"title":"Defining \"recklessness\" in research misconduct proceedings.","authors":"Minal M Caron, Sarah B Dohan, Mark Barnes, Barbara E Bierer","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2256650","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2023.2256650","url":null,"abstract":"To find research misconduct in research that has been supported by federal funds, an institution must determine that the misconduct was committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly. \"Intentional\" and \"knowing\" are straightforward standards. Yet \"reckless\" often mystifies institutions, which struggle to assess whether a respondent's conduct should be deemed \"reckless,\" or merely negligent. This difficulty is most pronounced when allegations are lodged against the author under whose supervision the primary research was conducted - most often, the senior and/or corresponding author of a published paper who may not have been directly involved in performing the experiments or preparing the data under scrutiny. In these situations, investigation committees and the institutional \"deciding official\" must assess whether the supervising scientist is guilty of research misconduct - based on the theory that their supervision of the research and development of the publication containing falsified, fabricated, or plagiarized information was reckless - even if that person did not perform the experiment or assemble the research records in question. This paper seeks to provide a framework for evaluating the circumstances in which past supervisory conduct should be deemed \"reckless\" and thus a basis on which a finding of research misconduct may be made.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"120-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10309018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying the factors influencing plagiarism in higher education: An evidence-based review of the literature. 确定影响高等教育中剽窃行为的因素：基于证据的文献综述。

IF 2.8 1区哲学

Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2024.2311212

Raj Kishor Kampa, Dhirendra Kumar Padhan, Nalini Karna, Jayaram Gouda

{"title":"Identifying the factors influencing plagiarism in higher education: An evidence-based review of the literature.","authors":"Raj Kishor Kampa, Dhirendra Kumar Padhan, Nalini Karna, Jayaram Gouda","doi":"10.1080/08989621.2024.2311212","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08989621.2024.2311212","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores the major reasons for committing plagiarism, as reported in published literature. One hundred sixty-six peer-reviewed articles, which were retrieved from the Scopus database, were carefully examined to find out the research studies conducted to explore the most common reasons for academic cheating among students and researchers in different disciplines in higher education. An analysis of collected literature reveals that 19 studies were conducted to identify the perceived reasons of committing plagiarism. Four studies with similar constructs of perceived reasons of committing plagiarism, namely busy schedule, overload of homework and laziness, easy accessibility of electronic resources, poor knowledge in research writing and correct citation and lack of serious penalty, were conducted. The pooled mean and standard deviation of the four studies reveal that easy accessibility of electronic resources (Mean = 3.6, SD = 0.81), unawareness of instructions (Mean = 3.0, SD = 0.89), and busy schedule, overload of homework and laziness (Mean = 2.89, SD = 1.0) are important perceived reasons for committing plagiarism. The study findings could help create an effective intervention and a robust anti-plagiarism policy for academic institutions, administrators, and policymakers in detecting academic dishonesty while emphasizing the value of integrity in academic pursuit.","PeriodicalId":50927,"journal":{"name":"Accountability in Research-Policies and Quality Assurance","volume":" ","pages":"83-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trading one problem for two: The case against tobacco bans. 用一个问题换两个问题：反对烟草禁令的理由。

IF 1.7 2区哲学

Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13348

Mathieu Doucet

{"title":"Trading one problem for two: The case against tobacco bans.","authors":"Mathieu Doucet","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13348","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13348","url":null,"abstract":"The past two decades have seen growing calls for the \"tobacco endgame.\" Its advocates are united by their commitment to two ideas. First, tobacco-related harms represent a catastrophic health emergency, and second, current tobacco-control approaches are an inadequate response to the scale of that emergency. To endgame advocates, tobacco policy should have more ambitious goals than merely \"controlling\" tobacco. Instead, it should aim to bring about a smoke-free world. While a range of different policies are included under the umbrella of the \"tobacco endgame,\" the most radical proposal is for a complete ban on tobacco. Its advocates argue that in addition to improving global public health, an effective ban on tobacco would also promote overall autonomy and would have important egalitarian benefits. This article critically examines these arguments for a tobacco ban. I argue that they rely on idealizing assumptions about the likely effects of a ban. Because an effective ban would require robust enforcement to control the illegal market in tobacco, it would be more likely to undermine autonomy and equality than it would be to promote them. By relying on idealizing assumptions and ignoring the likely consequences of a tobacco ban, advocates of a ban obscure, rather than clarify, both the policy debate and the ethical stakes. I conclude by considering the ways that idealizing assumptions should-and should not-play a role in debates about ethical issues in public policy.","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palliative care-based arguments against assisted dying. 基于姑息治疗的反对协助死亡的论点。

IF 1.7 2区哲学

Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13352

Ben Colburn

引用次数: 0

Patient Evaluation of International Medical Graduates’ Verbal and Nonverbal Strategies to Manage Their Lack of Comprehension: Investigating the Role of Goal Inferences

IF 6.2 1区文学

Communication Research Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1177/00936502241311938

Danni Liao, Lisa M. Guntzviller

引用次数: 0

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