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Incorporating Frequency Effects in the Lexical Access of Mandarin Tone 3 Sandhi. 将频率效应纳入普通话声调 3 Sandhi 的词汇访问。
IF 1.1 2区 文学
Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/00238309241260062
Feier Gao, Chien-Jer Charles Lin
{"title":"Incorporating Frequency Effects in the Lexical Access of Mandarin Tone 3 Sandhi.","authors":"Feier Gao, Chien-Jer Charles Lin","doi":"10.1177/00238309241260062","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309241260062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mandarin tone 3 sandhi refers to the phenomenon whereby a tone 3 syllable changes to a tone 2 when followed by another tone 3. This phonological process creates a deviation between the tonal forms realized at morphemic (/tone3-tone3/) and word ([tone2-tone3]) levels, posing questions in terms of how disyllabic tone 3 sandhi words are represented and accessed. The current study conducted three cross-modal lexical decision priming experiments to investigate this issue. Experiment 1 manipulated the frequencies of the initial morpheme and whole word, showing that the higher initial-character frequency against the whole word gives stronger activation to the underlying representation and the lower frequency of the initial character leads to stronger activation of the surface tone. Experiments 2 and 3 operationalized the relative frequency of the initial tone 3 morpheme's realization as a sandhi tone, finding that the competition between the two tonal realizations also influences how T3 sandhi words are accessed. Specifically, the more frequently the T3 morpheme surfaces as a T2 allomorph, the less activated the underlying representation becomes in the mental lexicon. Our results indicate a complex interplay between morpheme, word, and the associated tonal representations in the mental lexicon and that these factors co-determine the lexical access of tone 3 sandhi.</p>","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"204-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating Linguistic Alignment in Collaborative Dialogue: A Study of Syntactic and Lexical Patterns in Middle School Students. 调查合作对话中的语言一致性：中学生句法和词汇模式研究。
IF 1.1 2区 文学
Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/00238309241234565
Xiaoyi Tian, Amanda E Griffith, Zane Price, Kristy Elizabeth Boyer, Kevin Tang
{"title":"Investigating Linguistic Alignment in Collaborative Dialogue: A Study of Syntactic and Lexical Patterns in Middle School Students.","authors":"Xiaoyi Tian, Amanda E Griffith, Zane Price, Kristy Elizabeth Boyer, Kevin Tang","doi":"10.1177/00238309241234565","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309241234565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Linguistic alignment, the tendency of speakers to share common linguistic features during conversations, has emerged as a key area of research in computer-supported collaborative learning. While previous studies have shown that linguistic alignment can have a significant impact on collaborative outcomes, there is limited research exploring its role in K-12 learning contexts. This study investigates syntactic and lexical linguistic alignments in a collaborative computer science-learning corpus from 24 pairs (48 individuals) of middle school students (aged 11-13). The results show stronger effects of self-alignment than partner alignment on both syntactic and lexical levels, with students often diverging from their partners on task-relevant words. Furthermore, student self-alignment on the syntactic level is negatively correlated with partner satisfaction ratings, while self-alignment on lexical level is positively correlated with their partner's satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"63-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hospital Ethics Committees and Consultants: How Do Clinicians Perceive Their Utility in Resolving Disagreements About Life-Sustaining Treatments?
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2025.2457734
Sofia Weiss Goitiandia, Julia K Axelrod, Jason N Batten, Elizabeth Dzeng
{"title":"Hospital Ethics Committees and Consultants: How Do Clinicians Perceive Their Utility in Resolving Disagreements About Life-Sustaining Treatments?","authors":"Sofia Weiss Goitiandia, Julia K Axelrod, Jason N Batten, Elizabeth Dzeng","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2025.2457734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2025.2457734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"25 3","pages":"81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inaccurate Criteria for Conscientious Objection and Invidious Discrimination Threaten Patients' Access.
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2025.2457708
Armand H Matheny Antommaria
{"title":"Inaccurate Criteria for Conscientious Objection and Invidious Discrimination Threaten Patients' Access.","authors":"Armand H Matheny Antommaria","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2025.2457708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2025.2457708","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"25 3","pages":"40-42"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Speaking Rate Changes on Speech Motor Variability in Adults. 说话速度变化对成人言语运动变异性的影响
IF 1.1 2区 文学
Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1177/00238309241252983
Emily W Wang, Maria I Grigos
{"title":"Effects of Speaking Rate Changes on Speech Motor Variability in Adults.","authors":"Emily W Wang, Maria I Grigos","doi":"10.1177/00238309241252983","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309241252983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between speaking rate and speech motor variability was examined in three groups of neurotypical adults, <i>n</i> = 40; 15 young adults (18-30 years), 13 adults (31-40 years), and 12 middle-aged adults (41-50 years). Participants completed a connected speech task at three speaking rates (habitual, fast, and slow) where kinematic (lower lip movement) and acoustic data were obtained. Duration and variability were measured at each speaking rate. Findings revealed a complex relationship between speaking rate and variability. Adults from the middle age range (31-40 years) demonstrated shorter acoustic and kinematic durations compared with the oldest age group (41-50 years) during the habitual speaking rate condition. All adults demonstrated the greatest variability in the slow speaking rate condition, with no significant differences in variability between habitual and fast speaking rates. Interestingly, lip aperture variability was significantly lower in the youngest age group (18-30 years) compared with the two older groups during the fast speaking rate condition. Differences in measures of acoustic variability were not observed across the age levels. Strong negative correlations between kinematic/acoustic duration and lip aperture/acoustic variability in the youngest age group were revealed. Therefore, while a slow speaking rate does result in greater variability compared with habitual and fast speaking rates, longer durations of productions by the different age groups were not linked to higher spatiotemporal index (STI) values, suggesting that timing influences speech motor variability, but is not the sole contributor.</p>","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"141-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The acquisition of the semantics of Japanese numeral classifiers: The methodological value of nonsense. 日语数字分类器语义的获得：无稽之谈的方法论价值。
IF 1.7 2区 文学
Journal of Child Language Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0305000923000661
Maki Kubota, Yuko Matsuoka, Jason Rothman
{"title":"The acquisition of the semantics of Japanese numeral classifiers: The methodological value of nonsense.","authors":"Maki Kubota, Yuko Matsuoka, Jason Rothman","doi":"10.1017/S0305000923000661","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000923000661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the acquisition of numeral classifiers in 120 monolingual Japanese children. Previous research has argued that the complex semantic system underlying classifiers is late acquired. Thus, we set out to determine the age at which Japanese children are able to extend the semantic properties of classifiers to novel items/situations. Participants completed a comprehension task with a mouse-tracking extension and a production task with nonce and familiar items. While the comprehension results showed ceiling effects on familiar and nonce items, age significantly modulated a difference in accuracy between familiar and nonce items in the production task. The findings suggest that the acquisition of the underlying semantic system is acquired much earlier than previously argued. Previously attested issues with Japanese classifier production in young(er) children are more likely to reflect accessing difficulties than indexing the underlying grammatical competence of the classifier system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"218-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of talker variability on language development in two-year-olds. 说话者的多变性对两岁幼儿语言发展的影响。
IF 1.7 2区 文学
Journal of Child Language Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0305000924000084
Jing Zhao, Tessei Kobayashi, Etsuko Haryu
{"title":"Impact of talker variability on language development in two-year-olds.","authors":"Jing Zhao, Tessei Kobayashi, Etsuko Haryu","doi":"10.1017/S0305000924000084","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000924000084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research investigated the impact of the number of talkers with whom children engage in daily conversation on their language development. Two surveys were conducted in 2020, targeting two-year-olds growing up in Japanese monolingual families. Caregivers reported the number of talkers in three age groups and children's productive vocabulary via questionnaires. The results demonstrated significant effects of variability in talkers in fifth grade or above in Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 50; male = 23; <i>r</i> = .372) and in adult talkers in Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 175; non-nursery going; male = 76; <i>r</i> = .184) on children's vocabulary development, after controlling for language exposure time and demographic variables. Possible mediating factors are discussed. This research extends previous findings from immigrant bilingual children to monolingual speakers in Japan, suggesting the potential contribution of available talkers other than caregivers in conversational environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"425-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparing parent-child interaction during wordless book reading, print book reading and imaginative play. 比较无字书阅读、印刷书阅读和想象力游戏中的亲子互动。
IF 1.7 2区 文学
Journal of Child Language Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/S0305000924000072
Sandra J Mathers, Alex Hodgkiss, Pinar Kolancali, Sophie A Booton, Zhaoyu Wang, Victoria A Murphy
{"title":"Comparing parent-child interaction during wordless book reading, print book reading and imaginative play.","authors":"Sandra J Mathers, Alex Hodgkiss, Pinar Kolancali, Sophie A Booton, Zhaoyu Wang, Victoria A Murphy","doi":"10.1017/S0305000924000072","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0305000924000072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated differences in adult-child language interactions when parents and their three-to-four-year old children engage in wordless book reading, text-and-picture book reading and a small-world toy play activity. Twenty-two parents recorded themselves completing each activity at home with their child. Parent input was compared across contexts, focusing on interactive and conceptual domains: use of open prompts, expansions or extensions of children's utterances, and use of decontextualised (abstract) language. Use of linguistic expansions was greater during book reading than toy play. Parents used open questions and added contingent conceptual information more often when reading wordless books than in both other conditions. Findings suggest that wordless books may combine the benefits of open-endedness and linguistic content based around a narrative. Parents' use of abstract language also varied by condition. This study extends understanding of the role of activity context in shaping children's language learning environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48132,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Language","volume":" ","pages":"399-424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endometriosis in later life: an intersectional analysis from the perspective of epistemic injustice. 晚年子宫内膜异位症：从认识不公正的角度进行交叉分析。
IF 2.3 2区 哲学
Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-024-10245-4
Elisabeth Langmann, Anna-Christina Kainradl, Merle Weßel, Alekszandra Rokvity
{"title":"Endometriosis in later life: an intersectional analysis from the perspective of epistemic injustice.","authors":"Elisabeth Langmann, Anna-Christina Kainradl, Merle Weßel, Alekszandra Rokvity","doi":"10.1007/s11019-024-10245-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11019-024-10245-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting 10% of biological women, is widely understudied and particularly overlooked in later life. Discussions surrounding endometriosis predominantly centre on medical gender bias during reproductive years, with limited attention to intersecting factors of discrimination and the impact of ageism on affected individuals. As endometriosis is framed as a disease of reproductive age, research is lacking when it comes to the effects of the illness on the older population. Symptoms in (post)menopausal individuals are frequently misattributed to other ailments due to ageist and sexist preconceptions, leading to prolonged diagnoses and mistreatment. This is a social justice issue in which age and sex contribute to the discrimination of a certain population - namely older biological women living with endometriosis. In this paper, we approach this issue from the perspective of epistemic justice. The experiences of the affected persons are shaped by a lack of knowledge about endometriosis among both the healthcare personal and the affected person, as well as a lack of acknowledgement and consideration of the persons experiences. Using the lens of epistemic justice, we develop an analytical model to understand the intersection of age and gender in the experiences of endometriosis patients. This article contributes to ongoing debates on epistemic injustice and intersectionality within medicine and healthcare, offering an analytical model that connects the critical approaches of epistemic injustice and intersectionality to address health injustice. Ultimately, this work advocates for a comprehensive, lifespan approach to endometriosis that acknowledges and addresses intersecting forms of discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":" ","pages":"151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Notice and Explanation in Healthcare AI: Lessons from California's Proposition 65 Experience.
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2025.2458421
Boris Babic, Sara Gerke
{"title":"Notice and Explanation in Healthcare AI: Lessons from California's Proposition 65 Experience.","authors":"Boris Babic, Sara Gerke","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2025.2458421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2025.2458421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"25 3","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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