人文科学最新文献

{"title":"A qualitative study of the ethical issues encountered at end-of-life care at a university teaching hospital in Nigeria.","authors":"Nnenma Ndidiamaka Udeh, Ngozi Idemili Aronu, Emmanuel R Ezeome","doi":"10.1136/jme-2024-110101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2024-110101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>End-of-life (EOL) care involves providing quality medical attention to the dying patient. It is fraught with some ethical challenges, often underexplored in African settings. This communication presents a qualitative analysis of ethical issues encountered by caregivers and their patients receiving EOL care in a teaching hospital in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ethical issues in EOL care encountered by 40 people (dying patients, their families, nurses and doctors) at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria, were explored over 2 months. The participants' sociodemographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analysed using a thematic framework. The transcripts were coded using NVivo V.12 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participant groups encountered commonly reported ethical challenges in EOL care, including issues of medical futility, treatment refusal, truthful disclosures, families requesting that a competent patient not be informed about their condition, confidentiality, limiting or withdrawing a treatment, limited or insufficient pain management, conflicting interests in care, an unfair financial burden without the patient consent and an unfair burden on the healthcare system. Additionally, the uncommon issues included the patient's unwillingness to discuss their terminal status, families withdrawing due care and support prematurely and delayed referrals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ethical issues are commonly encountered in caring for the patient at EOL in the Nigerian environment, notwithstanding the paucity of literature on them. This underscores the importance of adopting known preventive measures to eliminate or minimise these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethics of nursing in the digital age: perceptions and challenges among Korean nursing students.","authors":"Hwa-Mi Yang, Young-Eun Jang","doi":"10.1186/s12910-025-01301-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-025-01301-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The advancement of digital technologies has brought transformative changes across the healthcare sector, and nursing is no exception. However, existing research has largely overlooked the ethical challenges nursing students face in real-world clinical settings, including dilemmas arising from the integration of artificial intelligence, patient privacy, and digital communication. This study explored nursing students' perceptions and challenges regarding nursing ethics in the digital age, focusing on the ethical dilemmas they face and their strategies for resolution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two focus group interviews with 13 nursing students from two universities in Seoul, South Korea. Discussions centered on their experiences with ethical conflicts in digital healthcare environments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nursing students frequently experienced ethical tensions between utilizing digital information and protecting patient privacy, including concerns about photographing EMR screens and using patient data without explicit consent. Many reported confusion in ethical decision-making due to unclear institutional guidelines and insufficient practical guidance. A notable gap existed between theoretical ethics education and its application in digital contexts. Introducing AI in clinical settings further complicates ethical reasoning, raising questions about trust, accountability, and verification of AI-driven decisions. Students also highlighted ethical risks in digital communication, such as improper use of hospital messaging systems and social media, which threaten professionalism and confidentiality. These findings emphasize students' strong demand for enhanced digital ethics education through case-based learning, simulations, and experiential training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nursing students stressed the need for practical ethics education that bridges the gap between theory and real-world application. This study underscores the importance of mandatory, practice-focused training linked to clinical environments, reinforced patient privacy protections, and ongoing education addressing ethical issues posed by emerging technologies like AI. To develop ethically competent nurses, digital ethics education must adopt a comprehensive, practice-oriented framework grounded in the realities of modern healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":55348,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Ethics","volume":"26 1","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Of Issue Advocates and Honest Brokers: Participation of U.S. and German scientists in COVID-19 policy disputes.","authors":"Nils Bienzeisler","doi":"10.1177/09636625251371565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251371565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study examines the intersection of science and politics by analyzing the involvement of <i>N</i> = 205 U.S. and <i>N</i> = 174 German scientists in policy disputes during the COVID-19 pandemic. I investigate how scientists integrate themselves into policy disputes. Through a survey, I identify four groups of scientists with specific self-images regarding their roles in policy disputes: <i>Moderate Mainstreamers, Issue Advisors, Issue Advocates, and Honest Brokers</i>. Furthermore, the findings reveal differences in how these groups of scientists perceive the importance of science in policy-making: Particularly U.S.-based <i>Issue Advocates</i> wish for science to direct policy-making. In addition, I find that pandemic researchers overwhelmingly do not support political causes by selectively communicating political advice. I present empirically evidence that pandemic researchers sought to clarify the relevance of research during the pandemic, but did not attempt to distort policy disputes dishonestly.</p>","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251371565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the dimensions and violation of privacy in human–algorithm interaction: A self-determination theory perspective","authors":"Jeeyun Oh, Hyunjin Kang, Eunjoo Jin, Tingting Yang, Nazira Banu, Shuer Zhuo","doi":"10.1177/14614448251378019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448251378019","url":null,"abstract":"This study qualitatively investigates user responses to privacy invasion by social media algorithms and identifies the fundamental needs that drive the feelings of privacy violation. In-depth interviews with 17 users in the United States revealed that the dimensions of physical, social, informational, and psychological privacy, originally defined in interpersonal communication, can be extended to human–algorithm interaction and are still deemed to be significant by users. Popular episodes of privacy invasions showed three main themes that privacy violation perceptions are grounded upon: lack of choice, non-interpretability of algorithms, and lack of understanding and respect. The three basic human needs for growth and motivation proposed by the self-determination theory (SDT) – autonomy, competence, and relatedness – are extended to understand why these invasions matter to users.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"#JewGoal: Llanguage , enjoyment, and the persistence of antisemitism in online gaming and sports communities","authors":"Jack Black, Theo Lynn, Itoiz Rodrigo-Jusue, Daniel Kilvington","doi":"10.1177/14614448251384255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448251384255","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring how online hate speech infiltrates public discourse, this article examines the antisemitic hashtag, ‘#JewGoal’, tracing its spread from the FIFA gaming community to online football discussions. Analysing 1364 public tweets on the platform ‘X’ (formerly Twitter), the article illustrates how the hashtag, framed as humour and sports commentary, perpetuated antisemitic stereotypes through historical tropes and cultural symbols. Utilizing the Lacanian concepts of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">jouissance</jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">llanguage</jats:italic> , the study reveals how #JewGoal extended beyond mere humour, exposing an excessive enjoyment tied to its repetitive and absurd use. This dual function – offering inclusion in online communities while perpetuating harm – underscores how normalized antisemitic language infiltrates sports fandom. By framing #JewGoal as a <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">llanguage</jats:italic> of hate, its impact lies not in explicit content but in its provocative repetition. By detailing the persistence of antisemitism in digital spaces, the article emphasizes the need to critically address the enjoyment derived from harmful online speech.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsible parents on guard: Exploring domestication and responsibilisation in parents’ lived experiences with baby monitoring technologies","authors":"Julie Dereymaeker","doi":"10.1177/14614448251380678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448251380678","url":null,"abstract":"Baby monitoring technologies (BMTs) are increasingly sophisticated and marketed as essential tools for responsible parenting, reinforcing expectations of constant vigilance and care. This study investigates how parents domesticate BMTs and how responsibilisation manifests in this process. The study draws on in-depth interviews with 15 Flemish families and employs constructivist grounded theory analysis. Findings show this domestication is an agentic negotiation where parents balance elements of reassurance, autonomy, rationality, peace of mind, cost considerations and the ideal of letting go. This negotiation, however, is framed by a process of moral responsibilisation which manifests through three distinct but interconnected pathways: the self-guided, social and technologically imposed pathways. This process challenges the delegation of care to trusted caregivers and calls for a critical assessment of the expansion of monitoring technologies. As these technologies enable parental omnipresence, the choice <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">not</jats:italic> to monitor one’s child may shift from a personal decision to a political act.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"342 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Community Resilience Approach to Understanding News Deserts and Their Residents","authors":"Jessica R. Collier","doi":"10.1080/21670811.2025.2574935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2025.2574935","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11166,"journal":{"name":"Digital Journalism","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminating the Italian history of medicine: Arturo Castiglioni and his project at the University of Padua, 1933-1943.","authors":"Elena Maria Rita Rizzi","doi":"10.1177/09636625251384593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09636625251384593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48094,"journal":{"name":"Public Understanding of Science","volume":" ","pages":"9636625251384593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The starting point of ethics and its role in moral disagreement: from pluralistic disagreement to ethical progress.","authors":"Caspar W Safarlou, Jojanneke M T M Drogt","doi":"10.1136/jme-2025-111254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jme-2025-111254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16317,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing strategy or representation difference? Investigating the word segmentation difficulty of second language learners of Chinese","authors":"Panpan Yao, Huangxia Li, Xinwei Chen, Xingshan Li","doi":"10.1017/s1366728925100643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728925100643","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the lack of explicit word boundary markers, L2-Chinese learners have shown some difficulties in Chinese word segmentation. This study aimed to tackle the possible reasons of L2-Chinese learners’ difficulties in word segmentation: L1-biased processing strategy or developing mental representations of Chinese compound words, or both. In an eye-tracking experiment, high-frequency two-character Chinese compound words were used as targets. These compound words were embedded in sentences where their first component characters with prior verbs were manipulated to be either plausible or implausible, while the whole compound words were always plausible. Sentences were presented in character-spaced or word-spaced style. High-proficiency L2-Chinese learners and native Chinese speakers participated. Results revealed non-native-like patterns of L2-Chinese learners: they holistically processed compound words only in the word-spaced condition, while native speakers did so regardless how sentences were presented. The findings indicated that high-proficiency L2-Chinese learners’ difficulty in word segmentation is predominantly caused by their L1-biased processing strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145295295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}