人文科学最新文献

{"title":"Projecting incongruity in turn and action: the TCU-medial particle ha in Chinese conversation","authors":"Yaxin Wu ,&nbsp;Ying Hu ,&nbsp;Elliott M. Hoey","doi":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.103999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.103999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the interactional function of the particle <em>ha</em> in TCU-medial position in Chinese talk-in-interaction. While <em>ha</em> is generally recognized as a modal particle that solicits affirmation or confirmation in sentence-final position, and functions as a theme indicator, politeness marker, or filler in sentence-medial position, our analysis of naturally occurring conversational data reveals a distinct interactional use. Specifically, speakers deploy <em>ha</em> in mid-TCU to project relations of inconsistency, adversativeness, contrast, or unexpectedness between components within the same TCU. When occurring in responsive turns, <em>ha</em> also serves to foreshadow disalignment and/or disaffiliation with the prior speaker’s action. This projectability contributes to the organization of turn-taking by helping recipients anticipate the forthcoming incongruity and orient toward a possible transition-relevance place. In doing so, <em>ha</em> affords recipients additional processing time to prepare a response that is interactionally fitted to the projected stance or action. This study contributes to our understanding of grammar-in-interaction and projection in turn construction and action. Data are presented in Chinese with English translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47955,"journal":{"name":"Lingua","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 103999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a contextually and culturally relevant benefit-sharing framework for pathogen genomic research and biobanking in africa: a deliberative expert approach.","authors":"Pamela Emefa Selormey, Irene H Tsey, John Ganle, Patricia Akweongo, Paulina Tindana","doi":"10.1186/s12910-025-01238-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-025-01238-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Globally, researchers are struggling to implement benefit-sharing plans in genomics research and biobanking. In the African context, there are currently limited benefit-sharing frameworks to guide researchers, and some often rely on personal relationships and judgments in making decisions. Consequently, there have been calls for the development of contextually and culturally relevant benefit-sharing frameworks for pathogenic research and biobanking in Africa. This study responds to that call by using a deliberative experts approach to propose and develop a benefit-sharing framework for pathogen genomic research and biobanking.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data were collected through deliberative expert key informant interviews. A total of 25 participants, comprising genomics researchers, policymakers, Nagoya Protocol Focal persons, members of institutional review boards, Sponsors and Experts in the field of genomics and biobanking were purposively sampled from 12 countries. Open-ended topic guides were designed and used to facilitate the interviews. The interviews explored issues such as the need for a benefit-sharing framework, the principles underpinning the practice of benefit-sharing, and key features of a possible benefit-sharing framework. Interviews were conducted in English, audio-recorded, and transcribed. Transcripts were imported into Nvivo 14 software, coded and analysed using the framework approach for qualitative data analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The participants reported on the key issues to consider in the development of a benefit-sharing framework. These included motivations for sharing benefits, key elements of a benefit-sharing framework and suggestions for monitoring the implementation of the framework. Based on these expert responses, we proposed and developed a three-phase framework. The first phase presents the contextual benefit-sharing process, which includes the benefit-sharing process, iterative benefit-sharing cycles and post-benefit-sharing responsibilities. The second phase comprises the implementation phase with templates on a step-by-step approach to achieving the three areas in phase 1 and the third concentrates on workplans to accommodate future emerging issues such as designing strategies to map out best practices on benefit-sharing, making efforts to publish the selected strategy and implementing the selected benefit-sharing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The deliberative approach used in this study allowed for not only contextually and culturally relevant factors to be identified but also enabled reflexive decision-making. The framework developed has the potential to provide practical guidance to pathogen genomic stakeholders in the identification and implementation of benefit-sharing opportunities in their research programmes. More empirical studies are however required to test and evaluate the framework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical trial number: &lt;/strong&gt;Not a","PeriodicalId":55348,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Ethics","volume":"26 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should healthcare professionals include aspects of environmental sustainability in clinical decision-making? A systematic review of reasons.","authors":"Sarah Gabriela Kuiter, Alina Herrmann, Marcel Mertz, Claudia Quitmann, Sabine Salloch","doi":"10.1186/s12910-025-01230-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12910-025-01230-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55348,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Ethics","volume":"26 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How animacy impacts word order in Austrian Sign Language (ÖGS): Evidence from sentences with inanimate subject arguments","authors":"Julia Krebs","doi":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.104003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lingua.2025.104003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cross-linguistic evidence shows that the animacy of event participants may impact the syntactic structure in language production. This study examines the effect of animacy on word order and the previously observed preference for subject-initial orders in Austrian Sign Language (ÖGS). Therefore, word order in two sets of transitive sentences with inanimate subject arguments was tested by a production task. In particular, word order was examined in structures with an inanimate subject and an animate object argument, as well as in sentences with two inanimate arguments. Deaf fluent signers were asked to sign event descriptions elicited by stimuli that included a picture illustrating the subject argument, a picture showing the object argument, and a verb presented as a written gloss. Data analysis provides support for SOV as the basic order in ÖGS and demonstrates the robustness of the subject preference, even in sentences with inanimate subject arguments. Furthermore, while animacy does not override the subject preference in ÖGS, the data suggest that it may still influence word order in this language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47955,"journal":{"name":"Lingua","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 104003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethicists and the Gaza War.","authors":"David DeGrazia","doi":"10.1111/bioe.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Do bioethicists have an obligation to speak out against such atrocities as Hamas' terrorism and Israel's war crimes? I will argue that they do have such an obligation, but not because they are bioethicists or even ethicists. Before driving home this conclusion, I will highlight some crucial facts in applying criteria for ethical engagement in warfare. Although I maintain that Hamas' terrorist attack of October 7 involved crimes against humanity that deserve condemnation, here I will focus on Israel's subsequent conduct, the ethical significance of which has been insufficiently appreciated among those who embrace a highly prevalent double standard_.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teachers’ responses in student-initiated question sequences during between-desk interactions in EFL project work","authors":"Marwa Amri,&nbsp;Olcay Sert","doi":"10.1016/j.linged.2025.101444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.linged.2025.101444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A defining feature of project-based English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms is teachers’ routine circulation between desks to answer students’ questions. Drawing on conversation analysis (CA), this study investigates how two teachers respond to students’ questions during between-desk interactions (BDIs) in project work. Specifically, it examines how the teachers structure their second-position turns in student-initiated question sequences that emerge during BDIs. The analysis reveals that the teachers either respond with a conditionally relevant second-pair part or with a counter-question turn that initiates an insertion sequence or reorients the student’s question, thereby shifting the projected trajectory of the interaction. These response formats are illustrated through typical pedagogical actions the teachers perform in response to different types of questions. The study concludes that the two distinct response formats observed during BDIs enable locally sensitive instructional support that is finely attuned to students’ evolving needs at different stages of their project work and to the pedagogical contingencies of the moment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47468,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics and Education","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 101444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidentiary Authority as a System: Johann Christoph Gatterer and the Collective Making of Historical Knowledge in the Eighteenth Century.","authors":"André de Melo Araújo","doi":"10.1002/bewi.2145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bewi.2145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How is historical evidence conveyed? How could an eighteenth-century scholar vouch for the information stored on paper, drafted with the quill, and publicized in copperplate engravings or letterpress? In this article, I employ material and medial perspectives to reconstruct the multiple production stages of Johann Christoph Gatterer's Historia genealogica dominorum Holzschuherorum (1755) and, thereby, reveal how historical knowledge was shaped by the media that presented it. By focusing not only on the text but mainly on the engraved plates inserted within the pages of this work, I will reveal how, in the eighteenth century, historical knowledge was collectively achieved through complex scholarly, artistic, and editorial negotiations that encompassed issues of authorship and intellectual authority as well as disputes that occurred both in the making of visual evidence and the trading of authoritative editions. After exploring many drawn, handwritten, typeset, and engraved sources related to this editorial project, I argue that Gatterer's work relied on an information system based on the interplay between verbal and visual information and their relationship to the material evidence of the past. Moreover, I show how this system itself was shaped by the different media that it, in turn, used to reproduce historical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":55388,"journal":{"name":"Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte","volume":" ","pages":"e45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Prosody in International Communication in English in Call Center Interactions","authors":"Lucy Pickering, Eric Friginal, Shigehito Menjo","doi":"10.1111/lang.12723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines outsourced call center interactions to illustrate how these contexts can enhance pronunciation analysis and training. Public opinion in the United States and the United Kingdom regarding the perceived “pronunciation problems” of agents based in call centers in Outer‐Circle English‐speaking countries is typically negative. However, it is often difficult for researchers to pinpoint the specific issues involved, as access to authentic calls is scarce. This paper reports an investigation into the role that the differing use of prosodic conventions can play in call center interactions recorded in the Philippines between Filipinos and North Americans. A microethnographic analysis of call center data focused on prosodic features of interaction suggests that, where conflict occurs, it is mirrored in the prosodic features of the interaction. This has important implications for modeling effective interaction and training for high‐stakes contexts.","PeriodicalId":51371,"journal":{"name":"Language Learning","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144547075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roman Atlantic garum: DNA confirms sardine use and population continuity in north-western Iberia","authors":"Gonçalo Espregueira Themudo, Adolfo Fernández-Fernández, Patricia Valle Abad, Alba A. Rodríguez Nóvoa, Carlos Fernández-Rodríguez, Eduardo González-Gómez de Agüero, Rute R. da Fonseca, Paula F. Campos","doi":"10.15184/aqy.2025.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2025.73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><img href=\"S0003598X25000730_figAb.png\" mimesubtype=\"png\" mimetype=\"image\" orientation=\"\" position=\"float\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org//content/id/urn%3Acambridge.org%3Aid%3Aarticle%3AS0003598X25000730/resource/name/optimisedImage-png-S0003598X25000730_figAb.jpg?pub-status=live\" type=\"\"/></p>","PeriodicalId":8058,"journal":{"name":"Antiquity","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144533758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Methodology of Science and the Current Crisis of Religious Belief","authors":"Andrew Loke","doi":"10.1080/14746700.2025.2514305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2025.2514305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56045,"journal":{"name":"Theology and Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}