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Political Conflict and Development Dynamics: Economic Legacies of the Cultural Revolution 政治冲突与发展动力:文化大革命的经济遗产
1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000384
Liang Bai, Lingwei Wu
{"title":"Political Conflict and Development Dynamics: Economic Legacies of the Cultural Revolution","authors":"Liang Bai, Lingwei Wu","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000384","url":null,"abstract":"As a multi-faceted socio-political movement in twentieth-century China, the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) witnessed conflict and social upheaval. This paper investigates its economic legacies, exploiting geographic variation in revolutionary intensity, measured by the number of resulting deaths. Using a newly assembled county-level panel dataset over five decades, we find worse-affected areas performed slightly better at baseline, but were slower to industrialize. This effect was large in the early 1980s before diminishing to become insignificant by 2000. Using individual-level census data, we find more-exposed cohorts are less likely to obtain higher education degrees and to work in professional and entrepreneurial occupations.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Glorious Revolution and Access to Parliament 光荣革命与进入议会
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000281
Kara Dimitruk
{"title":"The Glorious Revolution and Access to Parliament","authors":"Kara Dimitruk","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000281","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the Glorious Revolution of 1688 broadened access to Parliament for families needing rights to sell land in so-called estate bills. Bills were on average 14–27 percentage points more likely to be for gentry families and not aristocratic families in legislative sessions after the Revolution compared to sessions before. Regression and archival evidence suggest that parliamentary certainty was primarily responsible for improved access by altering families’ entry calculus and brokers’ recruitment of new business. More broadly, the paper provides insight into the ways in which political institutions affect access to and the provision of property rights.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Churches as Social Insurance: Oil Risk and Religion in the U.S. South 教会作为社会保险:美国南部的石油风险与宗教
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000268
Andreas Ferrara, Patrick A. Testa
{"title":"Churches as Social Insurance: Oil Risk and Religion in the U.S. South","authors":"Andreas Ferrara, Patrick A. Testa","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000268","url":null,"abstract":"Religious communities are important providers of social insurance. We show that risk associated with <jats:italic>oil dependence</jats:italic> facilitated the proliferation of religious communities throughout the U.S. South during the twentieth century. Known oil abundance predicts higher rates of church membership, which are not driven by selective migration or local economic development. Consistent with a social insurance channel, greater oil price volatility increases effects, while greater access to credit, state-level social insurance, and private insurance crowd out effects. Religious communities limit spillovers of oil price shocks across sectors, reducing increases in unemployment following a negative shock by about 30 percent.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
We Do Not Know the Population of Every Country in the World for the Past Two Thousand Years 我们不知道过去两千年世界上每个国家的人口
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000293
Timothy W. Guinnane
{"title":"We Do Not Know the Population of Every Country in the World for the Past Two Thousand Years","authors":"Timothy W. Guinnane","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000293","url":null,"abstract":"Economists have reported results based on populations for every country in the world for the past two thousand years. The source, McEvedy and Jones’ <jats:italic>Atlas of World Population History</jats:italic>, includes many estimates that are little more than guesses and that do not reflect research since 1978. McEvedy and Jones often infer population sizes from their view of a particular economy, making their estimates poor proxies for economic growth. Their rounding means their measurement error is not “classical.” Some economists augment that error by disaggregating regions in unfounded ways. Econometric results that rest on McEvedy and Jones are unreliable.“… we haven’t just pulled the figures out of the sky. Well, not often.”—McEvedy and Jones (1978, p. 11)","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Plantation Mortgage-Backed Securities: Evidence from Surinam in the Eighteenth Century 种植园抵押担保证券:来自18世纪苏里南的证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/s002205072300027x
Abe de Jong, Tim Kooijmans, Peter Koudijs
{"title":"Plantation Mortgage-Backed Securities: Evidence from Surinam in the Eighteenth Century","authors":"Abe de Jong, Tim Kooijmans, Peter Koudijs","doi":"10.1017/s002205072300027x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002205072300027x","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the eighteenth century, Dutch bankers channeled investors’ funds to sugar and coffee plantations in the Caribbean, Surinam in particular. Agency problems between plantation owners, bankers, and investors led to an arrangement called <jats:italic>negotiaties</jats:italic>. Bankers oversaw plantations’ cash flows and placed mortgage debt with investors. We demonstrate how this securitization arrangement worked using market-wide data and detailed records from banker F. W. Hudig. During the boom, debt contracts and their securitization were an effective solution for planters, bankers, and investors. However, the market crashed after an oversupply of credit. This led to inefficient restructuring due to debt overhang.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
British-French Technology Transfer from the Revolution to Louis Philippe (1791–1844): Evidence from Patent Data 从大革命到路易·菲利普(1791-1844)的英法技术转移:来自专利数据的证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000232
Alessandro Nuvolari, Gaspare Tortorici, Michelangelo Vasta
{"title":"British-French Technology Transfer from the Revolution to Louis Philippe (1791–1844): Evidence from Patent Data","authors":"Alessandro Nuvolari, Gaspare Tortorici, Michelangelo Vasta","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the patterns of technology transfer from Britain to France during the early phases of industrializing using a dataset comprising all patents granted in France in the period 1791–1844. Exploiting the peculiarities of French legislation, we construct an array of patent quality indicators and investigate their determinants. We find that patents filed by British inventors or French inventors with personal connections to British inventors were of relatively higher quality. Overall, our results show that the French innovation system was capable of attracting and effectively absorbing key technologies from Britain.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Country They Built: Dynamic and Complex Indigenous Economies in North America before 1492 《他们建立的国家:1492年以前北美地区充满活力和复杂的土著经济
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000153
Ann M. Carlos
{"title":"The Country They Built: Dynamic and Complex Indigenous Economies in North America before 1492","authors":"Ann M. Carlos","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000153","url":null,"abstract":"The economic history of the United States is that of Europeans and their institutions. Indigenous nations are absent. This absence is partly due to a lack of data but perhaps also to a perception that Indigenous communities contributed little to U.S. growth. Three case studies explore the economic complexity and social stratification across different nations/regions prior to contact. Migrants to the United States came not to an empty land but one with settled agriculture, complex production processes, and extensive trade relations, upon which Europeans built.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstruction Aid, Public Infrastructure, and Economic Development: The Case of the Marshall Plan in Italy 重建援助、公共基础设施与经济发展:以意大利马歇尔计划为例
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000128
Nicola Bianchi, Michela Giorcelli
{"title":"Reconstruction Aid, Public Infrastructure, and Economic Development: The Case of the Marshall Plan in Italy","authors":"Nicola Bianchi, Michela Giorcelli","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Marshall Plan (1948–1952) was the largest aid transfer in history. This paper estimates its effects on Italy’s postwar economic development. It exploits differences between Italian provinces in the value of reconstruction grants they received. Provinces that could modernize their infrastructure more quickly experienced higher increases in agricultural production, especially for perishable crops. In the same provinces, we observe larger investments in labor-saving machines, the entry of more firms into the industrial sector, and a larger expansion of the industrial and service workforces.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Feudal Origins of Manorial Prosperity: Social Interactions in Eleventh-Century England 庄园繁荣的封建起源:11世纪英国的社会互动
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000116
Vincent Delabastita, Sebastiaan Maes
{"title":"The Feudal Origins of Manorial Prosperity: Social Interactions in Eleventh-Century England","authors":"Vincent Delabastita, Sebastiaan Maes","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Does the prosperity of medieval manors depend on their position in the feudal system? How large are these effects? And what are the underlying economic mechanisms? Using Domesday Book, a unique country-wide survey conducted by William the Conqueror, we reinterpret the eleventh-century English feudal system as a network in which manors are linked to one another based on their common ownership structure. Both a reduced-form and a more structural approach reveal the existence of external economies of scale: manorial prosperity was closely intertwined with the fortune of feudal peers. Our findings quantitatively establish the existence of feudal coordination in High-Medieval agricultural activities, revealing how institutionalized interactions could serve to mitigate transaction costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Business Cycle Conditions on Firm Dynamics and Composition 经济周期条件对企业动态和构成的影响
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000086
Cihan Artunç
{"title":"The Impact of Business Cycle Conditions on Firm Dynamics and Composition","authors":"Cihan Artunç","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper estimates the causal impact of short-term aggregate fluctuations in Egypt, 1911–48, using global cotton price shocks. Firm entry was procyclical, and exit was acyclical. There were persistent differences between cohorts over the cycle; expansionary cohorts were of lower quality. The evidence supports models of firm entry with ex-ante heterogeneity. The findings highlight the extensive margin of entry as the primary adjustment mechanism. As a result, recessions had a strong “isolation” effect. This nature of firm entry amplified and propagated temporary price shocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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