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Whitelashing: Black Politicians, Taxes, and Violence 白人捆绑:黑人政客、税收和暴力
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000050
Trevon D. Logan
{"title":"Whitelashing: Black Politicians, Taxes, and Violence","authors":"Trevon D. Logan","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides the first evidence of the effect of tax policy on violent attacks against Black politicians. I find a positive effect of local tax revenue on subsequent violence against Black politicians. A dollar increase in per capita county taxes in 1870 increased the likelihood of a violent attack by more than 25 percent. The result is robust to controls for numerous economic, historical, and political factors. I also find counties where Black officeholders were attacked have the largest tax reversions. This provides the first quantitative evidence that Reconstruction political violence was specifically related to Black political efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Political Dynasties in Defense of Democracy: The Case of France’s 1940 Enabling Act 捍卫民主的政治王朝:以法国1940年授权法案为例
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-03-24 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000104
Jean Lacroix, Pierre-Guillaume Méon, Kim Oosterlinck
{"title":"Political Dynasties in Defense of Democracy: The Case of France’s 1940 Enabling Act","authors":"Jean Lacroix, Pierre-Guillaume Méon, Kim Oosterlinck","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The literature has pointed out the negative aspects of political dynasties. But can political dynasties help prevent autocratic reversals? We argue that political dynasties differ according to their ideological origin and that those whose founder was a defender of democratic ideals, for simplicity labeled “pro-democratic dynasties,” show stronger support for democracy. We analyze the vote by the French parliament on 10 July 1940 of an enabling act that granted full power to Marshall Philippe Pétain, thereby ending the Third French Republic and aligning France with Nazi Germany. Using data collected from the biographies of parliamentarians and information on their voting behavior, we find that members of a pro-democratic dynasty were 9.6 to 15.1 percentage points more likely to oppose the act than other parliamentarians. We report evidence that socialization inside and outside parliament shaped the vote of parliamentarians.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financial Failure and Depositor Quality: Evidence from Building and Loan Associations in California 金融失败和存款人质量:来自加州建筑和贷款协会的证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050722000511
Todd Messer
{"title":"Financial Failure and Depositor Quality: Evidence from Building and Loan Associations in California","authors":"Todd Messer","doi":"10.1017/s0022050722000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000511","url":null,"abstract":"Flightiness, or depositor sensitivity to liquidity needs, can be an important determinant of financial distress. I leverage institutional differences—that attract depositors with varying flightiness—across building and loan associations in California during the Great Depression. A new type of plan, the Dayton plan, involved less restrictive savings plans and lower withdrawal penalties. Dayton plans in California were more likely to close during the Great Depression. Archival evidence on lending rates and returns supports the flightiness mechanism.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editors’ Report for 2022 2022年编辑报告
1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050723000049
{"title":"Editors’ Report for 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0022050723000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050723000049","url":null,"abstract":"An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135074646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institutional Change and Property Rights before the Industrial Revolution: The Case of the English Court of Wards and Liveries, 1540–1660 工业革命前的制度变迁与产权:以1540年至1660年的英国监护法院为例
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050722000493
Sean Bottomley
{"title":"Institutional Change and Property Rights before the Industrial Revolution: The Case of the English Court of Wards and Liveries, 1540–1660","authors":"Sean Bottomley","doi":"10.1017/s0022050722000493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000493","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secure property rights are usually considered to be essential for sustained economic development. In England, it is debated whether property rights have been secure since the medieval period or if they were only established after the Glorious Revolution. In this context, the paper examines the Court of Wards, which from 1540 to 1646 administered the Crown’s right to take custody of children and their lands when these were held by feudal-military tenures. The paper shows that wardship was a common occurrence, its exactions arbitrary but often heavy, and that it reduced the value of lands held by these tenures.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Market Access and Information Technology Adoption: Historical Evidence from the Telephone in Bavaria 市场准入与信息技术采用:来自巴伐利亚电话的历史证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1017/s002205072200050x
Florian Ploeckl
{"title":"Market Access and Information Technology Adoption: Historical Evidence from the Telephone in Bavaria","authors":"Florian Ploeckl","doi":"10.1017/s002205072200050x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002205072200050x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Does market access affect information technology by shaping its diffusion and adoption? The introduction of the telephone in Bavaria is used to demonstrate that local and external market access affected both. External connections shortened the diffusion time of exchanges by 3 percent on average, while 4 percent of lines were due to such inter-city communication links. However, relatively stronger local effects from population size and demand for communication services, especially in larger cities, imply that initially, the telephone was primarily a local urban amenity that also became an external communication link when it rolled out to more rural places over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Migrant Self-Selection and Random Shocks: Evidence from the Panic of 1907 移民自我选择与随机冲击:来自1907年恐慌的证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050722000535
David Escamilla-Guerrero, Moramay López-Alonso
{"title":"Migrant Self-Selection and Random Shocks: Evidence from the Panic of 1907","authors":"David Escamilla-Guerrero, Moramay López-Alonso","doi":"10.1017/s0022050722000535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000535","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the impact of the 1907 Panic, the most severe economic crisis before the Great Depression, on the selection of Mexican immigration. We find that migrants were positively selected on height before the crisis. This pattern changed to negative selection during the crisis but returned to positive selection afterward. Adjustments in selection were partially mediated by the <span>enganche</span>, a historical labor-recruiting system that reduced migration costs but only for taller laborers with above-average earnings potential. We document that labor recruiting contributed to maintaining the relatively constant height profile of the migration flow in the short run.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Was Marshall Right? Managerial Failure and Corporate Ownership in Edwardian Britain 马歇尔是对的吗?爱德华七世时代英国的管理失败与公司所有权
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1017/s002205072200047x
Michael Aldous, Philip T. Fliers, John D. Turner
{"title":"Was Marshall Right? Managerial Failure and Corporate Ownership in Edwardian Britain","authors":"Michael Aldous, Philip T. Fliers, John D. Turner","doi":"10.1017/s002205072200047x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002205072200047x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alfred Marshall argued that the malaise of public companies in Edwardian Britain was due to the separation of ownership from control and a lack of professional management. In this paper, we examine the ownership and control of the c.1,700 largest British companies in 1911. We find that most public companies had a separation of ownership and control, but that this had little effect on their performance. We also find that manager characteristics that proxy for amateurism are uncorrelated with performance. Ultimately, our evidence suggests that, if Marshall was correct in identifying a corporate malaise in Britain, its source lay elsewhere.</p>","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Railways, Growth, and Industrialization in a Developing German Economy, 1829–1910 发展中的德国经济中的铁路、增长和工业化，1829-1910
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050722000377
Sebastian Till Braun, Richard Franke
{"title":"Railways, Growth, and Industrialization in a Developing German Economy, 1829–1910","authors":"Sebastian Till Braun, Richard Franke","doi":"10.1017/s0022050722000377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000377","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the average and heterogeneous effects of railway access on parish-level population, income, and industrialization in Württemberg during the Industrial Revolution. We show that the growth-enhancing effect of the railway was much greater in parishes that were larger and more industrial at the outset. However, such early industrial parishes were rare in the relatively poor German state. This might explain why we find small average growth effects, which only increase at the end of the nineteenth century. Heterogeneity in the impact of the railway thus increased economic disparities within Württemberg and contributed to the state’s relatively sluggish growth.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Pandemics Depress the Economy, Public Health Interventions Do Not: Evidence from the 1918 Flu 大流行抑制经济，公共卫生干预不会:来自1918年流感的证据
IF 2.1 1区 历史学
Journal of Economic History Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1017/s0022050722000407
Sergio Correia, Stephan Luck, Emil Verner
{"title":"Pandemics Depress the Economy, Public Health Interventions Do Not: Evidence from the 1918 Flu","authors":"Sergio Correia, Stephan Luck, Emil Verner","doi":"10.1017/s0022050722000407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050722000407","url":null,"abstract":"We study the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on mortality and economic activity across U.S. cities during the 1918 Flu Pandemic. The combination of fast and stringent NPIs reduced peak mortality by 50 percent and cumulative excess mortality by 24 to 34 percent. However, while the pandemic itself was associated with short-run economic disruptions, we find that these disruptions were similar across cities with strict and lenient NPIs. NPIs also did not worsen medium-run economic outcomes. Our findings indicate that NPIs can reduce disease transmission without further depressing economic activity, a finding also reflected in discussions in contemporary newspapers.","PeriodicalId":51435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 444
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