Journal of the History of Biology最新文献

A Biogeographical Debate at the Origins of Limnology in Switzerland and Italy: The Issue over Pelagic Fauna Between Pietro Pavesi and François-Alphonse Forel. 瑞士和意大利湖沼学起源时期的生物地理学辩论：Pietro Pavesi 和 François-Alphonse Forel 之间的远洋动物问题。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09791-7

Pier Luigi Pireddu

引用次数: 0

Hey Hey We’re the Monkeys! An Essay Review of Gowan Dawson’s Monkey to Man 嘿嘿，我们是猴子！Gowan Dawson 的《从猴子到人》论文评论

IF 0.8 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09786-4

Greg Priest

引用次数: 0

Recapitulation, Heredity, and Freud's View of Human Nature. 复述、遗传和弗洛伊德的人性观。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09784-6

Jonah Branding

{"title":"Recapitulation, Heredity, and Freud's View of Human Nature.","authors":"Jonah Branding","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09784-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09784-6","url":null,"abstract":"There's something strange about Freud's Civilization and its Discontents (1930). Biologically, Freud was a Neo-Lamarckian, who believed in both the modification of organisms through need and the inheritance of acquired characteristics. However, in Civilization, Freud argued that because human nature is immutable, society has dim odds of improving substantially. Lamarckians, of course, rejected that any species-nature is immutable, as species can always be transformed via the inheritance of acquired characteristics. In fact, many of Freud's Viennese contemporaries-such as Wilhelm Reich, Julius Tandler, and Paul Kammerer-took their Lamarckism to license precisely the sorts of radical social projects Freud deemed impossible. Thus the Freud of Civilization helped himself to a rigid view of human nature which, given his associated biological views, he seemingly ought to have rejected. In this paper, I explain this apparent inconsistency, and suggest Freud resolved it in the following way: Freud was not merely a Lamarckian, but also a strong and peculiar kind of recapitulationist, who believed stages of psychological development both recapitulate phylogeny, and \"remain with us\" throughout both individual lives and future species-history. I suggest Freud's recapitulationism supposed a certain inertia: what occurred in phylogenetic history cannot un-occur, and therefore there are aspects of our nature which we cannot un-acquire. In this way, Freud reached a rigid conception of human nature despite his Lamarckism.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Phenograms and Cladograms Became Molecular Phylogenetic Trees. 表型图和支系图是如何成为分子系统树的

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09782-8

Nina Kranke

{"title":"How Phenograms and Cladograms Became Molecular Phylogenetic Trees.","authors":"Nina Kranke","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09782-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09782-8","url":null,"abstract":"Tree diagrams are the prevailing form of visualization in biological classification and phylogenetics. Already during the time of the so-called Systematist Wars from the mid-1960s until the 1980s most journal articles and textbooks published by systematists contained tree diagrams. Although this episode of systematics is well studied by historians and philosophers of biology, most analyses prioritize scientific theories over practices and tend to emphasize conflicting theoretical assumptions. In this article, I offer an alternative perspective by viewing the conflict through the lens of representational practices with a case study on tree diagrams that were used by numerical taxonomists (phenograms) and cladists (cladograms). I argue that the current state of molecular phylogenetics should not be interpreted as the result of a competition of views within systematics. Instead, molecular phylogenetics arose independently of systematics and elements of cladistics and phenetics were integrated into the framework of molecular phylogenetics, facilitated by the compatibility of phenetic and cladistic practices with the quantitative approach of molecular phylogenetics. My study suggests that this episode of scientific change is more complex than common narratives of battles and winners or conflicts and compromises. Today, cladograms are still used and interpreted as specific types of molecular phylogenetic trees. While phenograms and cladograms represented different forms of knowledge during the time of the Systematist Wars, today they are both used to represent evolutionary relationships. This indicates that diagrams are versatile elements of scientific practice that can change their meaning, depending on the context of use within theoretical frameworks.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The Logic of Monsters:" Pere Alberch and the Evolutionary Significance of Experimental Teratology. "怪物的逻辑："佩雷-阿尔贝奇和实验畸胎学的进化意义。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09783-7

Juanma Sánchez Arteaga

{"title":"\"The Logic of Monsters:\" Pere Alberch and the Evolutionary Significance of Experimental Teratology.","authors":"Juanma Sánchez Arteaga","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09783-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09783-7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers an historical introduction to Pere Alberch's evolutionary thought and his contributions to Evo-Devo, based on his unique approach to experimental teratology. We will take as our point of reference the teratogenic experiments developed by Alberch and Emily A. Gale during the 1980s, aimed at producing monstrous variants of frogs and salamanders. We will analyze his interpretation of the results of these experiments within the framework of the emergence of evolutionary developmental biology (or \"Evo-Devo\"). The aim is understand how Alberch interpreted teratological anomalies as highly revealing objects of study for understanding the development of organic form, not only in an ontogenetic sense-throughout embryonic development-but also phylogenetically-throughout the evolution of species. Alberch's interpretation of monsters reflects the influence of a long tradition of non-Darwinian evolutionary thought, which began in the nineteenth century and was continued in the twentieth century by people such as Richard Goldschmidt, Conrad H. Waddington, and Stephen Jay Gould. They all proposed various non-gradualist models of evolution, in which embryonic development played a central role. Following this tradition, Alberch argued that, in order to attain a correct understanding of the role of embryological development in evolution, it was necessary to renounce the gradualist paradigm associated with the Darwinian interpretation of evolution, which understood nature as a continuum. According to Alberch, the study of monstrous abnormalities was of great value in understanding how certain epigenetic restrictions in development could give rise to discontinuities and directionality in morphological transformations throughout evolution.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Study of Geographical Distribution in the Analysis of Domestication as an Evolutionary Process: Tensions in Alphonse de Candolle's Approach. 在分析作为进化过程的驯化时研究地理分布：阿尔方斯-德-坎多勒方法中的矛盾。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09785-5

Miriam Álvarez-Tostado, Alfredo Bueno-Hernández, Ana Barahona, Fabiola Juárez-Barrera

{"title":"The Study of Geographical Distribution in the Analysis of Domestication as an Evolutionary Process: Tensions in Alphonse de Candolle's Approach.","authors":"Miriam Álvarez-Tostado, Alfredo Bueno-Hernández, Ana Barahona, Fabiola Juárez-Barrera","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09785-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09785-5","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in the study of domesticated plants increased near the end of the 18th century, mainly because of their economic potential. In the 19th century, there was a new focus on the historical understanding of species, their origin, changes in their distribution, and their evolutionary history. Charles Darwin developed an extended interpretation of species domestication, considering variations, reproduction, inheritance, and modification as standard processes between wild and domesticated organisms. In this context, one relatively neglected aspect was the geographical distribution of domesticated species. Alphonse de Candolle addressed and developed in detail the question of the geographical origin of cultivated plants. Since 1836 Alphonse de Candolle had been studying the topic and obtained evidence that contributed to understanding aspects such as the center of origin, dispersion, competition, selection, and time of domestication. Although Darwin himself admitted that Géographie botanique raisonnée (de Candolle, Alphonse,de. Géographie botanique raisonnée; ou, exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l'epoque actuelle, 2ème tome. Paris: Masson.) was of great help to him in the development of his evolutionary theory, the importance of de Candolle's contribution is seldom recognized. Our purpose is to detail the dialogue between Alphonse de Candolle and Darwin on the geography of domesticated plants, to understand some of the most critical discussions that contributed to the reinterpretation of domestication under the Darwinian proposal of modified descent.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Pray Observe How Time Slips By:" Collaborators, Assistants, and the Background Dynamics in the Publication of Darwin's Cirripedia Project. "请观察时间是如何流逝的："达尔文 Cirripedia 项目出版过程中的合作者、助手和背景动态。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09781-9

Bruno Alves Valverde, Cristina de Campos

{"title":"\"Pray Observe How Time Slips By:\" Collaborators, Assistants, and the Background Dynamics in the Publication of Darwin's Cirripedia Project.","authors":"Bruno Alves Valverde, Cristina de Campos","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09781-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09781-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates nineteenth century natural history practices through the lens of the Actor-Network Theory, which posits that scientific practice is shaped by an intricate network of interactions between human and non-human actors. At the core of this research is the analysis of correspondence between Charles Darwin and his collaborators during the Cirripedia Project, which unveils a complex landscape of negotiations with illustrators, funders, specimen owners, and translators, among other stakeholders and interested parties. The study goes beyond the final outcomes of scientific research, delving into behind-the-scenes interactions, and hidden constructions, shedding light on the complex dynamics and actors that conventional scientific narratives often overlook. In general, this approach provides a detailed and insightful view of the underlying processes of nineteenth-century scientific practice, underscoring the importance of epistolary correspondence as a central element in producing scientific knowledge at the time, and in particular it reveals to us how much Darwin was himself involved in the production of his famous work on barnacles. By emphasizing the intricacies of research, this study enriches our understanding of Darwin's work as well as natural history practices in the 19th century, highlighting the complexity and diversity of actors and agents involved in shaping scientific knowledge.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Schema and Organization of the Cell: An Introduction to Ernst Brücke's Die Elementarorganismen (1861). 细胞的结构和组织：恩斯特-布吕克的《元素有机体》（1861 年）导论。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09774-8

Daniel Liu

{"title":"The Schema and Organization of the Cell: An Introduction to Ernst Brücke's Die Elementarorganismen (1861).","authors":"Daniel Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09774-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09774-8","url":null,"abstract":"Ernst Brücke's 1861 essay Die Elementarorganismen has often been cited as a watershed in the history of physiology as well as in the history of cell theory. In its time it was widely read as a reform of animal cell theory, shifting the concept of the cell away from Schleiden and Schwann's original cell schema of a membranous vesicle with a nucleus, and towards the protoplasm theory that had developed in botany, centered on the cell's living contents. It was also notorious for its arguments against the necessity of both the nucleus and the cell membrane. An English translation of \"The Elementary Organisms\" is presented for the first time in this journal issue, with annotations and illustrations, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-024-09773-9 . Brücke's essay was not only an intervention into cell theory: historians can read it as a continuation of debates on the nature of the organism and theories of organization, and as an epistemological meditation on the microscope. In addition, although Brücke was known as a founder of the Berlin school of organic physics, \"The Elementary Organisms\" shows how he combined an avant-garde physicalist physiology with a much older tradition of comparative anatomy and physiology. The following introductory essay will provide a scientific biography of Ernst Brücke up to 1863, with background on debates on biological organization, cell theory, and muscle histology.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11341682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

William Lawrence Tower's Beetles: Experimental Evolution and the Manipulation of Inheritance. 威廉-劳伦斯-塔的《甲虫》：实验性进化和遗传操纵。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09771-x

Eric J Richards

{"title":"William Lawrence Tower's Beetles: Experimental Evolution and the Manipulation of Inheritance.","authors":"Eric J Richards","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09771-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09771-x","url":null,"abstract":"William Lawrence Tower's work on the evolution of the Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), documenting the environmental induction of mutation and speciation, made him a leading figure in experimental genetics during the first decade of the 20th century. His research program served as a model for other experimental evolution studies seeking to demonstrate the environmental modification of inheritance. Tower enjoyed the support of influential figures in the field, despite well-known problems that plagued Tower's earlier academic career. The validity of his genetic work, and other findings reported by Tower, were later challenged. The Tower affair illustrates how questionable and possibly fraudulent scientific practices can be tolerated to explore certain experimental directions and theoretical frameworks, particularly at the frontier of expanding disciplines. When needed, those explorations can be forestalled or extinguished by exploiting conspicuous vulnerabilities of rogue practitioners. In Tower's case, both unrefuted allegations of scientific misconduct and personal problems dissolved his institutional support, leading to a swift ouster from academic science. Tower's downfall discredited soft inheritance and neo-Lamarckian conceptions in the field of experimental genetics, facilitating the discipline's embrace of a hard inheritance model that featured a hereditary material resistant to environmental modification.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Elementary Organisms. 初级生物

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09773-9

Ernst Brücke, Daniel Liu

引用次数: 0