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Journal of the History of Biology最新文献

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Reconsidering Utter Extinction. 重新考虑彻底灭绝。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09800-9
Mary P Winsor
{"title":"Reconsidering Utter Extinction.","authors":"Mary P Winsor","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09800-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09800-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"501-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Biogeographical Debate at the Origins of Limnology in Switzerland and Italy: The Issue over Pelagic Fauna Between Pietro Pavesi and François-Alphonse Forel. 瑞士和意大利湖沼学起源时期的生物地理学辩论：Pietro Pavesi 和 François-Alphonse Forel 之间的远洋动物问题。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09791-7
Pier Luigi Pireddu
{"title":"A Biogeographical Debate at the Origins of Limnology in Switzerland and Italy: The Issue over Pelagic Fauna Between Pietro Pavesi and François-Alphonse Forel.","authors":"Pier Luigi Pireddu","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09791-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09791-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the early biogeographical debates that shaped the beginning of limnology, focusing on the differences of opinion concerning the origins of pelagic fauna between two pioneering scientists: Pietro Pavesi and François-Alphonse Forel. The study examines how Pavesi's hypothesis of a marine origin for pelagic fauna contrasts with Forel's theory of passive distribution, situating their arguments within a broader Darwinian framework. The first part of the paper provides a historical overview of Italian limnology, highlighting Pavesi's contributions and interpreting Forel's writings to underscore the significance of discovering pelagic fauna in conceptualizing lakes as microcosms. The second part compares Pavesi's and Forel's hypotheses, emphasizing their impact on the scientific understanding of freshwater ecosystems. The importance of this discovery, in both historical and scientific contexts, lies in recognizing the presence of plankton in lakes as a crucial element for the mature formulation of ecological concepts, such as the ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"507-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Lady and the Plants: Two Notions of Teleology in Agnes Arber's Philosophy of Plants. 淑女与植物：阿格尼斯·阿伯《植物哲学》中的两个目的论概念。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09793-5
Vera Maximilia Straetmanns
{"title":"The Lady and the Plants: Two Notions of Teleology in Agnes Arber's Philosophy of Plants.","authors":"Vera Maximilia Straetmanns","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09793-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09793-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agnes Arber (1879-1960) was a British plant morphologist, historian of botany, and philosopher of biology. Though now largely forgotten, her work offers valuable insights into morphological as well as philosophical issues. This paper focuses on Arber's work on teleology in plants. After providing a brief overview of her life and distinct style of work, two notions of teleology are presented, which become apparent in Arber's morphological and philosophical work. The first notion, labeled final teleology, is based on Aristotle's final cause and deals with adaptation-based explanations in biology. The second is labeled formal teleology. It is grounded in the Aristotelian formal cause and deals with the inherent directiveness of developing structures and the actualization of potentialities in organisms and their parts. Whereas Arber showed a reserved and skeptical attitude towards final teleology, she was very sympathetic to formal teleology, building her general morphological framework on it. Two examples from Arber's work are then given, which illustrate how formal teleology informed her theorizing: the partial-shoot theory of the leaf, and parallelism in evolution as a counter-proposal to natural selection. Finally, Arber's teleological interpretation of plant morphology is historically contextualized and connected to recent research developments in evolutionary biology and plant morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"533-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to Civilize Elites: Controlling "Foreign Scientists" at a Field Station in the Galápagos Islands. 如何教化精英：在Galápagos群岛的一个野外站控制“外国科学家”。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09801-8
M Susan Lindee
{"title":"How to Civilize Elites: Controlling \"Foreign Scientists\" at a Field Station in the Galápagos Islands.","authors":"M Susan Lindee","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09801-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09801-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the control of visiting \"foreign scientists\" at the Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS) after it was established in the Galápagos Islands in 1959. Scholarly accounts of the creation of the Galápagos National Park and of the field station have emphasized their place in an international \"land grab,\" as leading scientists and conservationists sought to control nature in places around the world that seemed less \"civilized\" to European thinkers. The actual administrative labor in the early years at this scientific field station, however, in practice struggled to control people widely taken to represent \"civilization\" in its highest form-European and American scientists. At the research station, European and American (but not Ecuadorian) scientists were the focus of a delicate choreography of discipline and acquiescence, as scientists were courted and refused, welcomed and limited, chastised and supported. Meanwhile CDRS fund-raising appeals promised that the station would control island residents, fishing crews, and invasive species. Such appeals did not mention controlling elite field scientists. Existing historiography has stressed how Western scientists were privileged actors in non-Western nature reserves and parks, their privileges coming at the expense of local communities. But scientists too faced new (quietly implemented) constraints as post-war conservation programs developed, and achieving their compliance with these new rules involved a process I call here \"civilizing\" elites.</p>","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"581-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alfred Russel Wallace's Darwinian Opposition to Eugenics. 阿尔弗雷德-拉塞尔-华莱士的达尔文主义反对优生学。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09792-6
David Stack
{"title":"Alfred Russel Wallace's Darwinian Opposition to Eugenics.","authors":"David Stack","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09792-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09792-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article revisits the question of Alfred Russel Wallace's relationship to eugenics and explores the basis of Wallace's consistent rejection of attempts to label him a eugenicist. Whereas some scholars have identified an 'ambiguity' or 'tension' between Wallace's hereditarianism and his libertarianism and maintained - despite Wallace's statements to the contrary - that he was, in some senses, a eugenicist, this article argues that Wallace's oft-repeated claims he was not a eugenicist are fully justified. By exploring Wallace's relationship with Francis Galton using a hitherto neglected correspondence between the two concerning the establishment of a proposed laboratory, and Wallace's criticism of non-Darwinian evolutionary mechanisms in the writings of William Bateson and others, this article situates Wallace's opposition to eugenics in his broader ultra-Darwinian agenda. The article concludes by arguing that it is misleading to characterise Wallace as a eugenicist, and that doing so tends to obscure and confuse our understanding of his thought.</p>","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"557-579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Darwin's "Dark Matter" and the History of Biology: An Editorial Introduction. 达尔文的 "暗物质 "与生物学史：编辑导言》。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09799-z
Vassiliki Betty Smocovitis
{"title":"Darwin's \"Dark Matter\" and the History of Biology: An Editorial Introduction.","authors":"Vassiliki Betty Smocovitis","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09799-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-024-09799-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"499-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
James T. Costa, Radical by Nature: The Revolutionary Life of Alfred Russel Wallace, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2023, ISBN: 9780691233796, 515 pp. 詹姆斯·t·科斯塔，《天生激进：阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士的革命生活》，普林斯顿：普林斯顿大学出版社，2023年，ISBN: 9780691233796, 515页。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09794-4
Martin Fichman
{"title":"James T. Costa, Radical by Nature: The Revolutionary Life of Alfred Russel Wallace, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2023, ISBN: 9780691233796, 515 pp.","authors":"Martin Fichman","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09794-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-024-09794-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Marianne Sommer, The Diagrammatics of 'Race:' Visualizing Human Relatedness in the History of Physical, Evolutionary, and Genetic Anthropology, ca. 1770-2020, Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, ISBN: 9781805112655. 玛丽安·索默，《种族的图解：在身体、进化和遗传人类学的历史上可视化人类关系》，约1770-2020，剑桥，英国：开放图书出版社，2024,ISBN: 9781805112655。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09798-0
Jonathan Marks
{"title":"Marianne Sommer, The Diagrammatics of 'Race:' Visualizing Human Relatedness in the History of Physical, Evolutionary, and Genetic Anthropology, ca. 1770-2020, Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, ISBN: 9781805112655.","authors":"Jonathan Marks","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09798-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-024-09798-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neal A. Knapp, Making Machines of Animals: The International Livestock Exposition, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2023, ISBN: 9781421446554, 216 pp. Neal A. Knapp，《动物机器制造：国际畜牧博览会》，巴尔的摩：约翰霍普金斯大学出版社，2023,ISBN: 9781421446554, 216页。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09797-1
Abraham Gibson
{"title":"Neal A. Knapp, Making Machines of Animals: The International Livestock Exposition, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2023, ISBN: 9781421446554, 216 pp.","authors":"Abraham Gibson","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09797-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-024-09797-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lee B. Kass, From Chromosomes to Mobile Genetic Elements: The Life and Work of Nobel Laureate Barbara McClintock, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024, ISBN: 9781032365329, 265 pp. 李B.卡斯，从染色体到移动遗传元素：诺贝尔奖获得者芭芭拉麦克林托克的生活和工作，博卡拉顿：CRC出版社，2024,ISBN: 9781032365329, 265页。
IF 0.7 1区 哲学
Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-024-09796-2
Kim Kleinman
{"title":"Lee B. Kass, From Chromosomes to Mobile Genetic Elements: The Life and Work of Nobel Laureate Barbara McClintock, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024, ISBN: 9781032365329, 265 pp.","authors":"Kim Kleinman","doi":"10.1007/s10739-024-09796-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-024-09796-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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