Journal of the History of Biology最新文献_第2页

Christian Warren, Starved for Light: The long Shadow of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2024, ISBN: 9780226151939, 288 pp. 克里斯蒂安·沃伦，渴望光：佝偻病和维生素D缺乏症的长阴影，芝加哥：芝加哥大学出版社，2024,ISBN: 9780226151939, 288页。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09816-9

Daniel Freund

引用次数: 0

Roberta L. Millstein, The Land Is Our Community: Aldo Leopold's Environmental Ethic for the New Millennium, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2024, ISBN: 9780226834481, 183 pp. 罗伯塔·l·米尔斯坦，《土地是我们的社区：奥尔多·利奥波德的新千年环境伦理》，芝加哥：芝加哥大学出版社，2024,ISBN: 9780226834481, 183页。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09814-x

Christian C Young

引用次数: 0

Living Fossil: A Metaphor's Travels Across Popular Culture and the Foundations of Darwinian Evolution and Anthropology. 活化石：一个隐喻穿越流行文化和达尔文进化论与人类学的基础》。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09807-w

Scott Lidgard, Emma Kitchen

{"title":"Living Fossil: A Metaphor's Travels Across Popular Culture and the Foundations of Darwinian Evolution and Anthropology.","authors":"Scott Lidgard, Emma Kitchen","doi":"10.1007/s10739-025-09807-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-025-09807-w","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the Victorian era, the metaphor \"living fossil\" repeatedly crisscrossed social and scientific domains. The term existed in popular culture before and after Darwin's Origin. Most notably, it also operated as two distinct scientific concepts, one introduced by Darwin and another in cultural evolutionists' depiction of human living fossils. Serving in different ways, living fossils were typically aberrant, persistent and unchanging examples that contradicted an expectation of ongoing change and associated progress. We explore the development and relationships of living fossil applications, focusing principally on Darwin's concept. In Origin, Darwin deployed living fossils as exceptions that prove the rule of his principles of natural selection and divergence. He structured a case for the causal adequacy of these principles to explain living fossils' persistence, invariance, and taxonomic positions in gaps between other groups. As other natural historians began discussing living fossils and labeling new ones, Darwin's concept endured, but was subject to perceivable variation; associations with natural selection or divergence varied greatly and attributes of his living fossil examples were sometimes ignored. Cultural evolutionists adopted a view that human societies developed over time in a unilinear succession of stages. In this view primitive groups, their implements, languages, and cultures, stopped evolving at different points in the past and persisted unchanged into the present. While Darwin's concept and this anthropological concept were connected associatively to the evolution of languages and to themes of spatial isolation, prolonged stasis and disruption of expected progress, they inherited significantly different theoretical backgrounds and commitments.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Curious Incident of Crick in the Night-Time and Other Asilomar Enigmas. 克里克在夜间的离奇事件和其他阿西洛玛之谜。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09805-y

Matthew Cobb

{"title":"The Curious Incident of Crick in the Night-Time and Other Asilomar Enigmas.","authors":"Matthew Cobb","doi":"10.1007/s10739-025-09805-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-025-09805-y","url":null,"abstract":"In 1971, Paul Berg asked Francis Crick about his views on a controversial proposed experiment involving recombinant DNA; to Berg's surprise, Crick had no comment to make. This article first describes the multiple reasons why Crick did not respond to Berg, including psychological factors that affected Crick at the time, the limits of his unstated reflexively positivist approach to social issues, and his reluctance to pursue social or political issues when challenged. Crick's lack of involvement in discussions about recombinant DNA, including in the Asilomar process, is then used to explore two other notable absences from Asilomar: the immunologist Niels Jerne, who was invited to be on the organizing committee but was not involved for reasons that are unclear; and molecular biologist and biological weapons campaigner Matthew Meselson, whose presence would have added a layer of understanding to the discussions, particularly regarding the threat of bioweapons. These enigmatic absences raise questions about the representativeness of Asilomar and suggest future investigations as to how the legacy of Asilomar was shaped both by those who were present-and by those who were not.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"49-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Revis(it)ing Asilomar. 简介：Revis(it)ing Asilomar。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09817-8

Luis A Campos, Francesco Cassata

引用次数: 0

Asilomar, Gene Cloning's Origins, and Its Commercial Fate. 基因克隆的起源及其商业命运。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09803-0

Doogab Yi

{"title":"Asilomar, Gene Cloning's Origins, and Its Commercial Fate.","authors":"Doogab Yi","doi":"10.1007/s10739-025-09803-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-025-09803-0","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the historical development of recombinant DNA technology, examining the pivotal controversies surrounding public health and commercialization that emerged with the prospect of gene cloning in the 1970s. The analysis will focus on the recombinant DNA experiments planned, conducted, and aborted by Janet Mertz and John Morrow, two graduate students at Paul Berg's Laboratory at Stanford University. Their experiments, as I show, served as catalysts for both fear and excitement within the biomedical research community and beyond. This paper begins by reconstructing in some respects Mertz's and Morrow's investigative pathways, their contributions to technical developments in gene cloning, and their youthful perspectives on genetic engineering. While Mertz's initial experimental plan led to the establishment of the Asilomar I Conference in 1973, Morrow's subsequent cloning experiment, in collaboration with Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer, played a crucial role in shifting scientific and public sentiments around recombinant DNA, intensifying the tension between safety concerns and commercial aspirations before, during, and especially after the more famous Asilomar II Conference of 1975. The latter part of this paper briefly examines the commercial fate of early gene cloning within the context of the complex interplay between scientific advancements, societal and public health concerns, and proprietary interests that culminated in Genentech's cloning of the artificial insulin gene. This paper concludes by discussing how concerns about responsible research practices and biosafety regulation were by the late 1970s increasingly overshadowed by critiques concerning the impact of regulations and academic patenting on scientific competition and laboratory culture.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"21-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asilomar Across the Atlantic: EMBO, EMBL, and the Politics of Scientific Expertise. 横跨大西洋：EMBO， EMBL和科学专业知识的政治。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09808-9

Francesco Cassata, Soraya de Chadarevian

{"title":"Asilomar Across the Atlantic: EMBO, EMBL, and the Politics of Scientific Expertise.","authors":"Francesco Cassata, Soraya de Chadarevian","doi":"10.1007/s10739-025-09808-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-025-09808-9","url":null,"abstract":"The internationalization of the 1975 International Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA molecules has received little attention, and in particular, the European impact on, and response to, the Asilomar Conference have remained largely unexplored in the historiography to date. This article highlights the role of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) as a key actor in recombinant DNA research and the issuing of guidelines for recombinant DNA technology on both sides of the Atlantic. It also investigates the legacy of the Asilomar Conference in shaping EMBO's role as a science policy advisor for molecular biology in Europe. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, the article is divided into three sections. The first section explores EMBO's role as a scientific advisory body in the development and guidance of recombinant DNA research in both the US and Western Europe. The second section investigates the impact of the Asilomar Conference on the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) project, reconstructing the scientific and political rationale behind the early construction of a high-risk containment facility in Heidelberg (soon obsolete due to the international relaxation of the guidelines). The third and final section analyzes how, between 1975 and 2004, EMBO reframed the Asilomar legacy as a model for its aspirations to serve as an advisory group for European science policy in molecular biology.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"95-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Situating Commemoration: An Editorial Introduction. 情境纪念：编辑导言。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09811-0

Nicolas Rasmussen

引用次数: 0

The 2025 Everett Mendelsohn Prize. 2025年埃弗雷特·门德尔松奖。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09810-1

Vassiliki Betty Smocovitis

引用次数: 0

Asilomar Goes Underground: The Long Legacy of Recombinant DNA Hazard Debates for the Greater Boston Area Biotechnology Industry. Asilomar 走向地下：大波士顿地区生物技术产业 DNA 重组危害辩论的悠久历史。

IF 0.7 1区哲学

Journal of the History of Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-025-09806-x

Robin Wolfe Scheffler

{"title":"Asilomar Goes Underground: The Long Legacy of Recombinant DNA Hazard Debates for the Greater Boston Area Biotechnology Industry.","authors":"Robin Wolfe Scheffler","doi":"10.1007/s10739-025-09806-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10739-025-09806-x","url":null,"abstract":"In 1975, a meeting on the potential hazards of recently invented recombinant DNA techniques was held at the Asilomar Conference Center in California. This meeting gave rise to a global debate over the safety and regulation of recombinant DNA (rDNA). In this paper, I use the historical development of recombinant DNA regulation in the Greater Boston Area-now home to the densest cluster of the biotechnology industry in the world-to provide a different interpretation of the legacies of Asilomar. While most accounts of Asilomar have considered its brief and dramatic impact on molecular biology on a national scale, an equally meaningful and overlooked impact is to be found in the development of regulations around recombinant DNA at the local level. Rather than hindering research, these events enabled the operations of the modern commercial biotechnology industry, which was founded on the promise of recombinant DNA. This approach highlights a different legacy of Asilomar, one which did not end with expert consensus that recombinant DNA was safe. Instead, attending to the material, infrastructural aspects of working with recombinant DNA in commercial settings reveals a wide range of communities involved in determining the social impacts of Asilomar-communities asking a broader set of questions about recombinant DNA than those originally posed in 1975.","PeriodicalId":51104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of Biology","volume":" ","pages":"67-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0