{"title":"Surviving the agricultural periphery: Climatic resilience and livestock production in pre-industrial central Scandinavia","authors":"Martin Karl Skoglund","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the climatic resilience of farms in Jämtland and Västernorrland in northern Sweden during the crucial period of agricultural transformation in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with a particular focus on livestock production. Until recently, detailed studies of the impact of climatic change and variability on livestock-oriented regions has been lacking. This article presents a large dataset of livestock production, comprising almost 30 000 tithe observations, the vast majority at the farm level, spanning the period 1582 to 1858, with a particular focus on the peak period of the agricultural transformation around 1770–1840. Food from livestock, mainly milk and its derivative products, is shown to have constituted almost three-quarters of overall food production in the region. Livestock numbers fluctuated not only with household size but also with barley harvests, demonstrating the inherent interdependence of livestock and crops in the mixed farming system of the region. The primary climatic factor affecting livestock numbers from year to year was the temperature during the growing season of the preceding year. This influence predominantly stemmed from the impact of growing season temperatures on meadow growth and arable crop yields. During the period 1770–1840, grain harvest failures only had a marginal effect on the size of subsequent livestock herds, and in several years of harvest failure, livestock numbers could be maintained, demonstrating that livestock could act as a one-year buffer to climatic shocks. After 1773, agricultural improvements helped to mitigate the effects of slumps in agricultural production on subsequent mortality levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where amenity and modernity collided: The Lake District national park and West Cumberland's atomic coast","authors":"Gary Willis","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article serves as a lens for understanding — <em>in extremis</em> — the tensions generated when state-sponsored modernity and amenity collide. In examining the origin of Britain's largest military-civil atomic complex at Sellafield alongside the delineation of the Lake District National Park's boundaries, the article demonstrates how the dual post-war reconstruction objectives of amenity and modernity were forced to reach an accommodation within the same geographical area and over an overlapping time period. Whilst the origins of national parks are well served by national park historiography, the contestation of any of their boundaries has not been explored. Furthermore, whilst the history of Britain's military-civil nuclear complex has been served by official narratives, it remains under-explored by unofficial ones. This article brings together for the first time state and civil society archive material. It exposes how emerging state military-civil strategic priorities, and state secrecy, framed the contestation over boundaries with civil society proponents of the Lake District National Park. This undermined civil society's capacity to maintain an effective opposition to these military-industrial developments, leading ultimately to the British State's war factory expansion and the immediate post-war development of its military-civil atomic capacity, overtaking and superseding the amenity organisations' boundary aspirations for the park.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 39-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Joseph (Joe) Michael Powell, 1938–2022","authors":"Roy Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"Michael P. Conzen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 35-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oceanopolítica: Therezinha de Castro and the use of maps in the geopolitics of the sea","authors":"André Reyes Novaes, Mariana Lamego","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the use of cartography in circulating geopolitical ideas about the seas. It focuses on the texts and maps produced by Therezinha de Castro (1930-2000), a Brazilian geopolitical thinker who influenced practical and popular geopolitical reasoning about Antarctica and the South Atlantic from the 1950s until her death in 2000. Through her papers, books, atlas and lectures, Castro addressed the oceans not as restrictive boundaries delimiting spaces of sovereignty but as a borderland, a transition zone and a territory of expansion. The paper first explores Castro’s academic trajectory and collaborations, supported by historical-geographical perspectives that emphasise the role of contingencies, positionalities, and biographies in knowledge production. Then, it analyses the persuasive visuality of Castro’s arguments on seas, drawing on methodological perspectives that articulate maps, meanings and geopolitics. Finally, the paper discusses how Castro’s claims on ocean geopolitics could contribute to contemporary human geography debates about land/sea assemblages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 22-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}