{"title":"Historical geographies of a Damascan population crisis: Jawlān and Ḥawrān in the late Mamluk - early Ottoman periods","authors":"Abbasi Mustafa, Kate Raphael","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This multidisciplinary study examines the potential causes of a severe and rapid population and settlement decline during the period of transition in the Jawlān and eastern Ḥawrān regions in the province of Damascus. The Jawlān had been part of a relatively small and centralized sultanate in the Mamluk period. However, in the sixteenth century it was incorporated into an empire that ruled over three continents, thus its importance and standing gradually diminished. Newly recovered data from archaeological surveys, two archaeological excavations, fifteenth-century Arabic chroniclers and sixteenth-century Ottoman tax registers (<em>defter</em>s) evidence the magnitude of a demographic crisis that occurred in one of the province's most fertile areas at a time when neighboring regions enjoyed continuity, stability and growth. The study conclusions are significant: nomadization in conjunction with an internal, seasonal migration process likely caused the steep decline, and not external migration or sudden demographic decline due to plagues or natural disasters. This shift from sedentary to nomadic or semi-nomadic life lasted for a long time; the vast majority of the area residents were Bedouin, able to adapt quickly to the new reality that combined work in the (<em>mazra'as)</em> with cattle raising.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contesting monuments: Heritage and historical geographies of inequality, an introduction","authors":"Stephen Legg","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a virtual special issue that explores how monuments have been contested in the past and how they continue to be so in the present. A survey of papers published in this journal from the 1990s to the early-2000s demonstrates an ongoing and rich interest in the interconnections between nationalism, landscape and ritual, with some emphasis on resistance but little sense of the contemporary lives of these historic monuments. Broader geographical scholarship in the mid-2000s evidenced the memory boom that was taking place across the discipline, beyond historical geography. A second survey of papers in this journal, published from 2012 to 2021, evidences a richer engagement with post-colonial, post-Soviet and post-slavery periods and perspectives, and with a broader range of sites beyond Europe and North America. More recent scholarship has focused on participatory geography, calls for statues to fall, and for more experimental, non-representational methods. This introduction concludes by summarising the papers in this special issue and reflecting on the relationships between monuments and contestation that they create, namely: monuments to contestation; the historic contestation of monuments; and the ongoing contestation of monuments as heritage spaces (attacks and felling, retaining and explaining, re-using, creating counter-monuments, artistically re-symbolising and re-imagining monuments, and contestatory scholarship).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eastern isles, western isles: Geographical imaginaries and trans-island identities in British conceptions of Japan, 1800–1868","authors":"Annabel Storr","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ideas of islands shaped Britain's self-identity and its relationship with the wider world in the early and mid-nineteenth century. Existing interpretations of Anglo-Japanese relations have emphasized the development of the idea of Japan as the ‘Britain of the East’ in the late nineteenth century with the significance of Japan adopting a western model of development. This article argues for a critical re-evaluation that directly engages with the crucial developments within early nineteenth-century ideas of Japan as Britain's eastern reflection. It argues that the idea of Japan as Britain's eastern reflection did not arise out of Japanese reforms during the mid-nineteenth century but significantly predated these developments, grounded in ideas of geographical and cartographical connections between the two island nations and reinforced by firsthand travel accounts from the late 1850s onwards. Crucially, it argues that these ideas of twin isles of East and West exerted a powerful, at times eclipsing, influence over British conceptions of Japan in the early and mid-nineteenth century, employing geographical imaginaries in the face of geographical and cartographical difference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Map making as memory practice: The historical geography of East European shtetls as expressed in Jewish yizker bikher","authors":"Marta Kubiszyn","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article argues that the spatial subjectivity of the map maker is a crucial component of historical geography and uses maps in post-Holocaust <em>yizker bikher</em> to demonstrate how these hand-drawn geographies are invaluable counterweights to perpetrator mapping projects. To develop the argument, the article analyzes three selected <em>yizker bikher</em> maps, renderings of towns inhabited by Jewish and non-Jewish communities in prewar Poland as representations of the subjective idea of an historical place embedded in post-genocide memories of individual spatial experience. <em>Yizker bikher</em> are Jewish memorial books, historical publications compiled by communities of Holocaust survivors after World War II; they often feature hand-drawn maps from the perspective of the survivor. Building on a scholarship regarding cognitive mapping and the role of emotions in map-making, the article provides a deeper understanding of the <em>yizker bikher</em> drawings as a form of memory practice. Unlike the other sketches representing town spaces that are referred to in most of the cognitive mapping scholarship, the shtetl drawings not only represent a historical geography but also express the map maker's awareness of loss and grief, while working as a point of reference for sustaining the site- and community- oriented identity of the Jewish survivors displaced after the Holocaust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"Ana María Silva Campo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tracing the shores of empire: Imperial visuality on the Chinese coast in the late-Qing era","authors":"Mimi Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the connection between visuality, territoriality, and the production of geographical knowledge in the Qing empire during the latter half of the nineteenth century. I examine a series of incidents in which German and British surveying ships entered Chinese waters under the pretense of conducting hydrographic research, as well as the drawings, maps, and surveys that resulted from them. Whereas European diplomats argued that the ships were collecting information for the advancement of science and free market trade that would benefit all parties, Chinese officials perceived them as forms of military aggression and territorial encroachment. Drawing from the fields of visual culture, history of science, and colonial history, this article examines the processes through which images were created and the settings under which they operated to reveal the speculative nature of imperial visuality, especially as it was distributed across the shifting boundary between land and sea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"Theano S. Terkenli","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A finer resolution for historical residential segregation: Geocoding and analyzing the population of 1860 Washington, D.C.","authors":"Robert C. Shepard","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study geolocates the place of residence for a majority of free residents in Washington, D.C. in the year 1860 using archival data and evaluates their spatial distribution with respect to racialized residential segregation patterns. Transcribed individual census entries were joined to city directory records and geocoded at the household level using a customized historical address locator derived from period street directories in order to extract socioeconomic details at a fine scale. These data points are used here to contextualize early segregation patterns in Washington, and additionally they were joined to city blocks to conduct quantitative analyses of racialized residential segregation. Measurements at the city block level indicate a moderately high degree of unevenness and isolation between the White and Black population already present in the years before the 1861–1865 US Civil War (antebellum) Washington, well ahead of the widespread development of alley style housing that drove microscale racial segregation in subsequent decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An assemblage of urban water access: The geography of water marginalization in Amsterdam, 1690-1840","authors":"Bob Pierik","doi":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhg.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article delves into the urban environmental history of early modern Amsterdam through the examination of water access. In this coastal city, environmental change combined with the late 16th and especially 17th century urban growth made ground and surface waters brackish and polluted. As a result, access to clean drinking water required substantial efforts. A combined system of mainly rain containers (cisterns) and surface water imports from upstream made for a complex and continuously changing water infrastructure. In this article, I employ novel data on the different ways in which people accessed potable water to explore the neglected spatial and environmental inequalities of early modern Amsterdam's water access. I discuss new data on thousands of previously underexplored rain containers that laid in public space but were for private use. I map and analyse the unequal access to water on a city-wide level, on the level of individual streets and on the level of individual households and their everyday practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}