{"title":"The well-defined three-dimensional matrix of a micro-sized silicon/carbon composite promoting lithium-ion transportation.","authors":"Denghui Wang, Minghao Ma, Wenqiang Xu, Yingjie Ma, Lidong Li, Xianglong Li","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00349g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00349g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micro-sized silicon is a promising anode material due to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, its bulk particle size poses a challenge during electrochemical cycling, and the long ion/electron transport paths within it limit the rate capability. Herein, we propose a structural engineering approach for establishing a well-defined three-dimensional (3D) micro-sized silicon/carbon matrix to achieve efficient omnidirectional ionic and electronic conductivity within micro-sized silicon and effectively mitigate the volume changes. The prepared materials, comprising ordered two-dimensional porous silicon nanosheets, offer direct two-dimensional electrolyte transport channels aligned parallel to the layer plane and porous channels oriented perpendicular to the layer plane. These well-defined omnidirectional pathways enable more efficient electrolyte mass transport than the disordered paths within the traditional 3D porous silicon anodes. A robust carbon shell, securely bonded to silicon through dual covalent bonding, effectively shields these pathways, buffering the volume changes and offering an electronically conductive 3D carbon network.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The near field response of molecules coupled with plasmons at atomistic resolution.","authors":"Huijie He, Xueyang Zhen, Shuang Li, Sibing Chen, Xing Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00451e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00451e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interaction between nanoparticles on mirror (NPoM) nanostructures and molecules is of great significance for the development of plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy (PES) techniques. However, the coupling mechanism between resonantly excited molecules and plasmonics has not been fully understood. In this work, we took viologen molecules within an Au plasmonic nanocavity (AuNC) as an example to illustrate how resonant molecules influence the near-field distributions. We found that the near-fields are highly enhanced and the near-field distributions are altered when the monocationic viologen (V<sup>+</sup>˙) is in resonance. In the AuNC, the near-field enhancement of a molecule is significantly enhanced by the adjacent molecules. However, the average near-field enhancements experienced by each molecule decrease with the increasing coverage of the molecular monolayer. Furthermore, the contributions of molecules to the near-field enhancement initially increase and then decrease as coverage increases. The interactions between the molecules and the nanocavity exhibit negative contributions to near-field enhancement. Overall, this work offers valuable insights into the impact of resonantly excited molecules on near-field enhancements in nanocavities and offers guidance for tuning excitation wavelength. We propose that the resonance state and coverage of molecules are critical to improving the sensitivity and specificity of PES techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph O. Franck, Andrea Bistrovic Popov, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Rachel E. Hewitt, Luise Franslau, Puneet Tyagi and Ljiljana Fruk
{"title":"A catch-and-release nano-based gene delivery system†","authors":"Christoph O. Franck, Andrea Bistrovic Popov, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Rachel E. Hewitt, Luise Franslau, Puneet Tyagi and Ljiljana Fruk","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00269A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00269A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The design of nanomaterial-based nucleic acid formulations is one of the biggest endeavours in the search for clinically applicable gene delivery systems. Biopolymers represent a promising subclass of gene carriers due to their physicochemical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility. By modifying melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles with poly-<small>L</small>-arginine and poly-<small>L</small>-histidine blends, we obtained a novel catch-and-release gene delivery system for efficient trafficking of pDNA to human cells. A synergistic interplay of nanoparticle-bound poly-<small>L</small>-arginine and poly-<small>L</small>-histidine was observed and evaluated for pDNA binding affinity, cell viability, gene release and transfection. Although the functionalisation with poly-<small>L</small>-arginine was crucial for pDNA binding, the resulting nanocarriers failed to release pDNA intracellularly, resulting in limited protein expression. However, optimal pDNA release was achieved through the co-formulation with poly-<small>L</small>-histidine, essential for pDNA release. This effect enabled the design of gene delivery systems, which were comparable to Lipofectamine in terms of transfection efficacy and the catch-and-release surface modification strategy can be translated to other nanocarriers and surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1588-1594"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2023/nh/d3nh00269a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10200269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbas Ahmad Khan, Navneet Kumar, Uijin Jung, Wonjun Heo, Zhaozhong Tan and Jinsub Park
{"title":"Performance and stability enhancement of perovskite photodetectors by additive and interface engineering using a dual-functional PPS zwitterion†","authors":"Abbas Ahmad Khan, Navneet Kumar, Uijin Jung, Wonjun Heo, Zhaozhong Tan and Jinsub Park","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00263B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00263B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hybrid organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites (HOIPs) have gained significant research interest due to their tunable optoelectronic properties and ease of fabrication. Enhancing the stability and efficiency of perovskite materials can be achieved through the passivation of defective surfaces and the improvement of interfacial properties. In this study, we introduce a zwitterionic compound, PPS (3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate), as a bifunctional material that serves as an additive and an interlayer. Incorporating PPS into the perovskite film effectively reduces both positively and negatively charged defects, leading to improved surface morphology and a reduction in undesired charge carrier recombination. Additionally, the formation of a PPS interlayer on SnO<small><sub>2</sub></small> improves the SnO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/perovskite interfacial characteristics, thereby enhancing charge carrier extraction. As a result, the photodetector exhibits a low dark current of 6.05 × 10<small><sup>−11</sup></small> A, an excellent responsivity of 5.93 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, a detectivity of 1.51 × 10<small><sup>13</sup></small> J, and an on/off ratio of 1.2 × 10<small><sup>4</sup></small> under open-air conditions. Moreover, the device demonstrates outstanding stability, retaining 80% of its original responsivity in an ambient environment. This work highlights the great potential of dual-functional materials for defect passivation in future optoelectronic devices, emphasizing the importance of surface modification and interface engineering for improved performance and stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1577-1587"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hang Yin, Zhehao Sun, Kaili Liu, Ary Anggara Wibowo, Julien Langley, Chao Zhang, Sandra E. Saji, Felipe Kremer, Dmitri Golberg, Hieu T. Nguyen, Nicholas Cox and Zongyou Yin
{"title":"Defect engineering enhances plasmonic-hot electrons exploitation for CO2 reduction over polymeric catalysts†","authors":"Hang Yin, Zhehao Sun, Kaili Liu, Ary Anggara Wibowo, Julien Langley, Chao Zhang, Sandra E. Saji, Felipe Kremer, Dmitri Golberg, Hieu T. Nguyen, Nicholas Cox and Zongyou Yin","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00348E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00348E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Defect sites present on the surface of catalysts serve a crucial role in different catalytic processes. Herein, we have investigated defect engineering within a hybrid system composed of “soft” polymer catalysts and “hard” metal nanoparticles, employing the disparity in their thermal expansions. Electron paramagnetic resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and mechanistic studies together reveal the formation of new abundant defects and their synergistic integrability with plasmonic enhancement within the hybrid catalyst. These active defects, co-localized with plasmonic Ag nanoparticles, promote the utilization efficiency of hot electrons generated by local plasmons, thereby enhancing the CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> photoreduction activity while maintaining the high catalytic selectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 12","pages":" 1695-1699"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10205255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanjuan Huang, Chao Liu, Qiang Feng and Jiashu Sun
{"title":"Microfluidic synthesis of nanomaterials for biomedical applications","authors":"Yanjuan Huang, Chao Liu, Qiang Feng and Jiashu Sun","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00217A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00217A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The field of nanomaterials has progressed dramatically over the past decades with important contributions to the biomedical area. The physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, such as the size and structure, can be controlled through manipulation of mass and heat transfer conditions during synthesis. In particular, microfluidic systems with rapid mixing and precise fluid control are ideal platforms for creating appropriate synthesis conditions. One notable example of microfluidics-based synthesis is the development of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based mRNA vaccines with accelerated clinical translation and robust efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to LNPs, microfluidic systems have been adopted for the controlled synthesis of a broad range of nanomaterials. In this review, we introduce the fundamental principles of microfluidic technologies including flow field- and multiple field-based methods for fabricating nanoparticles, and discuss their applications in the biomedical field. We conclude this review by outlining several major challenges and future directions in the implementation of microfluidic synthesis of nanomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 12","pages":" 1610-1627"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10309006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Torrão Victor, John Fredy Ricardo Marroquin, Syed Hamza Safeer, Danian Alexandre Dugato, Braulio Soares Archanjo, Luiz Carlos Sampaio, Flavio Garcia and Jorlandio Francisco Felix
{"title":"Automated mechanical exfoliation technique: a spin pumping study in YIG/TMD heterostructures†","authors":"Rodrigo Torrão Victor, John Fredy Ricardo Marroquin, Syed Hamza Safeer, Danian Alexandre Dugato, Braulio Soares Archanjo, Luiz Carlos Sampaio, Flavio Garcia and Jorlandio Francisco Felix","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00137G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00137G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Spintronics devices rely on the generation and manipulation of spin currents. Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are among the most promising materials for a spin current generation due to a lack of inversion symmetry at the interface with the magnetic material. Here, we report on the fabrication of Yttrium Iron Garnet(YIG)/TMD heterostructures by means of a crude and fast method. While the magnetic insulator single-crystalline YIG thin films were grown by magnetron sputtering, the TMDs, namely MoS<small><sub>2</sub></small> and MoSe<small><sub>2</sub></small>, were directly deposited onto YIG films using an automated mechanical abrasion method. Despite the brute force aspect of the method, it produces high-quality interfaces, which are suitable for spintronic device applications. The spin current density and the effective spin mixing conductance were measured by ferromagnetic resonance, whose values found are among the highest reported in the literature. Our method can be scaled to produce ferromagnetic materials/TMD heterostructures on a large scale, further advancing their potential for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1568-1576"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10164929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhexue Chen, Xinyu Sui, Zhangqiang Li, Yueqi Li, Xinfeng Liu and Yong Zhang
{"title":"Quantum-sized topological insulators/semimetals enable ultrahigh and broadband saturable absorption†","authors":"Zhexue Chen, Xinyu Sui, Zhangqiang Li, Yueqi Li, Xinfeng Liu and Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00282A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00282A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-dimensional topological insulators/semimetals have recently attracted much attention. However, quantum-sized topological insulators/semimetals with intrinsic characteristics have never been reported before. Herein, we report the high-yield production of topological insulator (<em>i.e.</em>, Bi<small><sub>2</sub></small>Se<small><sub>3</sub></small> and Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>3</sub></small>) and semimetal (<em>i.e.</em>, TiS<small><sub>2</sub></small>) quantum sheets (QSs) with monolayer structures and sub-4 nm lateral sizes. Both linear and nonlinear optical performances of the QSs are investigated. The QS dispersions present remarkable photoluminescence with excitation wavelength-, concentration-, and solvent-dependence. The solution-processed QSs-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) hybrid thin films demonstrate exceptional nonlinear saturation absorption (NSA). Particularly, Bi<small><sub>2</sub></small>Se<small><sub>3</sub></small> QSs-PMMA enables record-high NSA performance with a broadband feature. Specifically, the (absolute) modulation depths up to 71.6 and 72.4% and saturation intensities down to 1.52 and 0.49 MW cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> are achieved at 532 and 800 nm, respectively. Such a phenomenal NSA performance would greatly facilitate their applications in mode-locked lasers and related fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 12","pages":" 1686-1694"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10572607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuronal maturation-dependent nano–neuro interaction and modulation†","authors":"Prashant Gupta, Priya Rathi, Rohit Gupta, Harsh Baldi, Quentin Coquerel, Avishek Debnath, Hamed Gholami Derami, Baranidharan Raman and Srikanth Singamaneni","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00258F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00258F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Nanotechnology-enabled neuromodulation is a promising minimally-invasive tool in neuroscience and engineering for both fundamental studies and clinical applications. However, the nano–neuro interaction at different stages of maturation of a neural network and its implications for the nano–neuromodulation remain unclear. Here, we report heterogeneous to homogeneous transformation of neuromodulation in a progressively maturing neural network. Utilizing plasmonic-fluors as ultrabright fluorescent nanolabels, we reveal that negative surface charge of nanoparticles renders selective nano–neuro interaction with a strong correlation between the maturation stage of the individual neurons in the neural network and the density of the nanoparticles bound on the neurons. In stark contrast to homogeneous neuromodulation in a mature neural network reported so far, the maturation-dependent density of the nanoparticles bound to neurons in a developing neural network resulted in a heterogeneous optical neuromodulation (<em>i.e.</em>, simultaneous excitation and inhibition of neural network activity). This study advances our understanding of nano–neuro interactions and nano–neuromodulation with potential applications in minimally-invasive technologies for treating neuronal disorders in parts of the mammalian brain where neurogenesis persists throughout aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1537-1555"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10534801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingting Hong, Wenhu Zhou, Songwen Tan and Zhiqiang Cai
{"title":"A cooperation tale of biomolecules and nanomaterials in nanoscale chiral sensing and separation","authors":"Tingting Hong, Wenhu Zhou, Songwen Tan and Zhiqiang Cai","doi":"10.1039/D3NH00133D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3NH00133D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The cooperative relationship between biomolecules and nanomaterials makes up a beautiful tale about nanoscale chiral sensing and separation. Biomolecules are considered a fabulous chirality ‘donor’ to develop chiral sensors and separation systems. Nature has endowed biomolecules with mysterious chirality. Various nanomaterials with specific physicochemical attributes can realize the transmission and amplification of this chirality. We focus on highlighting the advantages of combining biomolecules and nanomaterials in nanoscale chirality. To enhance the sensors’ detection sensitivity, novel cooperation approaches between nanomaterials and biomolecules have attracted tremendous attention. Moreover, innovative biomolecule-based nanocomposites possess great importance in developing chiral separation systems with improved assay performance. This review describes the formation of a network based on nanomaterials and biomolecules mainly including DNA, proteins, peptides, amino acids, and polysaccharides. We hope this tale will record the perpetual relation between biomolecules and nanomaterials in nanoscale chirality.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 11","pages":" 1485-1508"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10120837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}