Nanoscale Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Development and challenges of polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 2D materials.","authors":"Liang Yu, Huafeng Dong, Wei Zhang, Zhaoqiang Zheng, Ying Liang, Jiandong Yao","doi":"10.1039/d4nh00624k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00624k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant research attention owing to their distinctive architectures and exceptional photophysical properties. Specifically, anisotropic 2D materials, including semiconductors such as black phosphorus (BP), tellurium (Te), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and tantalum nickel pentaselenide (Ta₂NiSe₅), as well as semimetals like 1T'-MoTe₂ and PdSe₂, and their diverse van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions, exhibit broad detection spectral ranges and possess inherent functional advantages. To date, numerous polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 2D materials have been documented. This review initially provides a concise overview of the detection mechanisms and performance metrics of 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors, which are pivotal for assessing their photodetection capabilities. It then examines the latest advancements in polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on individual 2D materials, 2D vdW heterojunctions, nanoantenna/electrode engineering, and structural strain integrated with 2D structures, encompassing a range of devices from the ultraviolet to infrared bands. However, several challenges persist in developing more comprehensive and functional 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors. Further research in this area is essential. Ultimately, this review offers insights into the current limitations and challenges in the field and presents general recommendations to propel advancements and guide the progress of 2D polarization-sensitive photodetectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-sized and highly crystalline ceria nanorods with abundant Ce3+ species achieve efficient intracellular ROS scavenging†","authors":"Trung Hieu Vu, Ha-Rim An, Phuong Thy Nguyen, Jiwon Seo, Chang Yeon Kim, Ji-In Park, Byoungchul Son, Hyeran Kim, Hyun Uk Lee and Moon Il Kim","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00639A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00639A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with various inflammatory physiological processes and diseases, highlighting the need for their regulation to mitigate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and to reduce cellular damage and disease progression. Here, we demonstrate cerium oxide (ceria) nanorods synthesized using a sol–gel method followed by heat treatment, called “AHT-CeNRs”, as an efficient intracellular ROS scavenger. The synthesized AHT-CeNRs exhibited exceptional superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)-like activities, both of which are crucial for converting ROS into harmless products. This was attributed to their high crystallinity, large surface area, numerous defects including oxygen vacancies, and abundant Ce<small>³⁺</small> species. AHT-CeNRs exhibited higher CAT-like activities than natural CAT and conventional nanozymes, with a more than five-fold lower <em>K</em><small>_m</small>. When tested on HaCaT human keratinocyte cells, AHT-CeNRs primarily localized to the membrane but effectively scavenged intracellular ROS, potentially through their transmembrane catalytic action without disrupting the membrane. This contrasts with conventional antioxidant nanoparticles that act within the cytosol after penetrating the plasma membrane. AHT-CeNRs maintained cell viability by efficiently scavenging ROS, resulting in approximately 4-fold and 2-fold lower levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared to those in ROS-induced inflammation-stimulator lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated control groups, respectively. This simple yet effective method for intracellular ROS scavenging using AHT-CeNRs holds great potential for applications in cell and <em>in vivo</em> therapeutics to regulate intracellular ROS levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 791-802"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quantity of ligand–receptor interactions between nanoparticles and target cells†","authors":"Kathrin Schorr, Sebastian Beck, Oliver Zimmer, Felix Baumann, Max Keller, Ralph Witzgall and Achim Goepferich","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00645C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00645C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Achieving high target cell avidity in combination with cell selectivity are fundamental, but largely unachieved goals in the development of biomedical nanoparticle systems, which are intricately linked to the quantity of targeting functionalities on their surface. Viruses, regarded as almost ideal role models for nanoparticle design, are evolutionary optimized, so that they cope with this challenge bearing an extremely low number of spikes, and thus binding domains, on their surface. In comparison, nanoparticles are usually equipped with more than an order of magnitude more ligands. It is therefore obvious that one key factor for increasing nanoparticle efficiency in terms of avidity and selectivity lies in optimizing their ligand number. A first step along this way is to know how many ligands per nanoparticle are involved in specific binding with target cell receptors. This question is addressed experimentally for a block copolymer nanoparticle model system. The data confirm that only a fraction of the nanoparticle ligands is involved in the binding processes: with a total ligand valency of 29 ligands/100 nm<small>²</small> surface area a maximum 5.3 ligands/100 nm<small>²</small> are involved in specific receptor binding. This corresponds to an average number of 251 binding ligands per nanoparticle, a number that can be rationalized within the biological context of the model system.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 803-823"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of closed pores in hard carbon for enhanced electrochemical sodium storage†","authors":"Ziying Zhang, Yingxinjie Wang, Kejian Tang, Zerui Chen, Xiaohui Li, Nan Zhang, Zhenjun Wu and Xiuqiang Xie","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00551A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00551A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of hard carbon materials with high plateau capacity as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is crucial to improving the energy density of SIBs, while the closed pores are closely related to the low-voltage (&lt;0.1 V) plateau capacity of hard carbon anodes. Herein, through a simple ZnO template method and acid treatment, a wealth of closed pores were created in the hard carbon material derived from camellia shells. Experimental results reveal the mechanism of sodium ions adsorption at the defect sites and the formation of sodium clusters in the closed pores, which corresponds to the slope region and the plateau region, respectively. Notably, being beneficial to the considerable closed pore content and suitable microstructure, the optimized sample exhibits a high reversible capacity of 340 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small>, which is mainly contributed by the low-voltage plateau process (51%). This work provides a new strategy for precisely regulating the microstructure of biomass-derived hard carbon for sodium-ion storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 824-834"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable magnetoelectricity and polarity in van der Waals antiferromagnetic CuCr1−xFexP2S6†","authors":"Yu Xing, Haoshen Ye, Guowei Du, Xu Li, Le-Ping Miao, Junchao Zhang, Xiong Luo, Xiyu Chen, Haoran Ye, Aoli Shen, Zhicheng Wang, Yumeng You, Shuai Dong and Linglong Li","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00620H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00620H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The coexistence of electric and magnetic orders with intrinsic coupling, referred to as magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroics, has been extensively studied in oxide materials but remains relatively unexplored in van der Waals materials. Among these, CuCrP<small>₂</small>S<small>₆</small> (CCPS) is notable for its emergent antiferromagnetic (AFM) and antiferroelectric (AFE) characteristics. However, investigations into magnetoelectric coupling in CCPS are limited, and the effects of dopants on its magnetic properties have yet to be fully addressed. In this study, we synthesized CuCr<small>_{1−<em>x</em>}</small>Fe<small>_<em>x</em></small>P<small>₂</small>S<small>₆</small> (CCFPS) samples using the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method to investigate the influence of iron doping on the magnetic and nonlinear optical properties of the CCFPS system. Our results indicate that the AFM state is preserved, while the Néel temperature (<em>T</em><small>_N</small>) varies with the doping concentration. First-principles calculations were employed to assess the exchange interactions among magnetic atoms. Notably, for samples with doping concentrations <em>x</em> &lt; 0.5, we observed both magnetic-dielectric coupling and second harmonic generation (SHG) effects. However, these effects were absent at higher doping levels. Furthermore, our analysis revealed a distinct odd–even dependence of SHG, suggesting the presence of interlayer symmetry-breaking coupling. These findings advance our understanding of two-dimensional (2D) multiferroic materials and lay the groundwork for designing and optimizing magnetoelectric coupling materials with enhanced performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 3","pages":" 561-567"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/nh/d4nh00620h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal evolution of solid solution of silica-embedded AgPt alloy NPs in the large miscibility gap†","authors":"Hemant Jatav, Anusmita Chakravorty, Ambuj Mishra, Matthias Schwartzkopf, Andrei Chumakov, Stephan V. Roth and Debdulal Kabiraj","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00509K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00509K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding the phase behavior of immiscible elements in bimetallic nanomaterials is essential for controlling their structure and properties. At the nanoscale, the miscibility of these immiscible elements often deviates from their behavior in bulk materials. Despite its significance, comprehensive and quantitative experimental insights into the dynamics of the immiscible-to-miscible transition, and <em>vice versa</em>, remain limited. In this study, we investigate the nucleation and growth kinetics of silica-embedded AgPt nanoparticles (NPs) across a wide range of annealing temperatures (25 °C to 900 °C) to elucidate temperature-dependent nanoalloy phase transitions and NP size distribution. Our findings reveal that the alloy phase persists up to 400 °C, with a corresponding average NP size of ∼2 nm. Beyond this temperature, phase instability begins to occur. We propose a three-stage process of nucleation and growth: (1) initial AgPt nanoalloy formation during deposition, (2) growth <em>via</em> thermal energy-assisted diffusion up to 400 °C, and (3) Ag atom emission from the nanoalloy above 500 °C, indicating Ag diffusion towards the surface, followed by partial sublimation of Ag atoms at 900 °C. These results provide crucial insights into the thermal limits for the dealloying of NPs, growth kinetics, and phase stability or instability under varying thermal conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 748-759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing memristor multilevel resistance state with linearity potentiation via the feedforward pulse scheme†","authors":"Zhuo Diao, Ryohei Yamamoto, Zijie Meng, Tetsuya Tohei and Akira Sakai","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00623B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00623B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Mapping the weights of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) onto the resistance values of analog memristors can significantly enhance the throughput and energy efficiency of artificial intelligence (AI) applications, while also supporting AI deployment on edge devices. However, unlike traditional digital-based processing units, implementing AI computation on analog memristors presents certain challenges. The non-linear resistance switching characteristics and limited numerical bit precision, determined by the number of program levels, can become bottlenecks affecting the accuracy of ANN models. In this study, we introduce a resistance control method, a feedforward pulse scheme that enhances resistance configuration precision and increases the number of programmable levels. Additionally, we propose an evaluation method to explore the impact of setting multi-level resistance states on ANN accuracy. Through demonstrations on a TiO<small>_{2−<em>x</em>}</small>-based memristor, our method achieves 512 states on a device with a high resistance state to a low resistance state ratio of just 1.19. Our approach achieves 95.5% accuracy on ResNet-34 with over 20 million parameters through weight transfer, thereby demonstrating the potential of analog memristors in AI model inference. Furthermore, our findings pave the way for future advancements in increasing resistance states, which will enable more complex AI tasks and enhance the in-memory computational capabilities required for AI edge applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 780-790"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/nh/d4nh00623b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phosphomolybdenum blue nano-photothermal agent with dual peak absorption and biodegradable properties based on ssDNA in near-infrared photothermal therapy for breast cancer†","authors":"Baoru Fang, Siqi Geng, Ke Wang, Fang Wang, Yiqing Zhou, Jiaying Qin, Shengnan Luo, Yanping Chen and Zhangsen Yu","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00464G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00464G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photothermal therapy (PTT) stands as an emerging and promising treatment modality and is being developed for the treatment of breast cancer, prostate cancer, and a series of superficial tumors. This innovative approach harnesses photothermal agents (PTAs) that convert near-infrared light (NIR) energy into heat, efficiently heating and ablating localized lesion tissue. Notably, the low scattering of NIR-II (1000–1500 nm) band light within biological tissue ensures superior penetration depth, surpassing that of NIR I (700–900 nm) band light. Consequently, developing PTAs with excellent absorption performance and biocompatibility in the NIR-II band has attracted significant attention in photothermal therapy research. We successfully synthesized phosphomolybdenum blue (PMB) nanoparticles using single-strand DNA (ssDNA) as a template in this innovative study. Subsequently, we delved into this material's absorption characteristics and photothermal properties across the NIR-I and NIR-II spectral regions. Furthermore, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of PMB on 4T1 cells and tumor-bearing mouse models of breast cancer. Our findings revealed that PMB not only exhibits remarkable biocompatibility but also possesses stellar photothermal performance. Specifically, under 808 nm and 1064 nm laser irradiation, PMB achieved photothermal conversion efficiencies of 21.37% and 28.84%, respectively. Notably, compared to 808 nm laser irradiation, even when transmitting through a 2 mm thick tumor tissue homogenate, the 1064 nm laser irradiation maintained a robust tumor ablation effect. What's more, PMB possesses critical pH-responsive degradation properties. For instance, PMB nanoparticles degrade rapidly under physiological conditions (pH 7.2–7.4) while degrading slower in the acidic tumor microenvironment (pH 6.0–6.9). This unique characteristic significantly mitigates the systemic toxicity of PMB and enhances the safety of photothermal therapy implementation. Moreover, our study represents the first instance of utilizing ssDNA as a template for synthesizing a PMB nano photothermal agent and demonstrating its exceptional tumor thermal ablation efficacy. This groundbreaking work offers novel insights into the development of safe, efficient, and pH-responsive photothermal agents for cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 733-747"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rounding up Rh nanoparticles for ultraviolet plasmonic sensing†","authors":"Yikai Xu","doi":"10.1039/D5NH90005K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NH90005K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This article highlights the recent work of D. M. Arboleda and V. Amendola <em>et al.</em> (<em>Nanoscale Horiz.</em>, 2025, <strong>10</strong>, 336–348, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NH00449C) on the synthesis of rhodium nanospheres for ultraviolet and visible plasmonics.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 659-661"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composites activated by in situ localized electrochemical pulverization as high-rate and long-life anode materials for potassium-ion batteries†","authors":"Jie Ren, Xiang Wang, Jihao Li, Qianzi Sun, Shaozhou Li, Ling Bai, Xianming Liu, Guilong Liu, Ziquan Li, Haijiao Zhang and Zhen-Dong Huang","doi":"10.1039/D4NH00621F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NH00621F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hard carbon and antimony (Sb) are two promising anode candidates for future potassium-ion batteries. Herein, we successfully solve the low-capacity problem of highly conductive carbon and poor cycling stability of high-capacity Sb through uniformly dispersing and embedding sub-nano and nanoscale Sb particles (∼36.4 wt%) inside nitrogen-doped two-dimensional hard carbon nanosheets to form a multi-scale carbon@Sb mesoporous composite, denoted as Sb<small>₃</small>@HCNS. The electrochemical results show that the optimized Sb<small>₃</small>@HCNS anode exhibits an exceptional potassium-ion storage performance, delivering a reversible capacity of 580.8, 413.0, and 215.5 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> at the current density of 0.1, 1, and 4 A g<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively. Furthermore, it still maintains a high capacity of 382 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> at a high current density of 2 A g<small>⁻¹</small> after 1000 cycles. The characterization results further manifest that the <em>in situ</em> localized electrochemical pulverization activation of Sb during the (de)alloying process and the pseudo-capacitive effect of good electronic conductive hard carbon nanosheets are mainly responsible for the exceptional properties of Sb<small>₃</small>@HCNS. Together with its controllable preparation strategy, the newly-developed Sb<small>₃</small>@HCNS composite is expected to be a promising anode material for high-performance potassium-ion batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":93,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Horizons","volume":" 4","pages":" 770-779"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}