{"title":"Nerve-Mimetic Adhesive Hydrogel Electroceuticals: Tailoring In Situ Physically Entangled Domains in Singular Polymers","authors":"Jaebeom Lee, Yeonsun Choi, Jihyang Song, Duhwan Seong, Subin Jin, Jaewon Ju, Donghee Son, Mikyung Shin","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c13097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c13097","url":null,"abstract":"Implantable electrochemicals stand out as promising candidates for resolving peripheral nerve injuries. However, challenges persist in designing bioelectronic materials that mimic tissue due to modulus matching, conformal adhesion, and immune responses. Herein, we present a nerve-mimicking design rationale for biocompatible hydrogel-based electroceuticals with a tissue-like modulus, robust and conformal tissue adhesion, exceptional mechanical toughness, and efficient stress dissipation. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of the peripheral nerve, the hydrogel substrate features a structurally gradient bilayer transitioning from a dense to a loose polymeric network, utilizing alginate functionalized with either photo-cross-linkable methacrylate or tissue-adhesive phenylborate. Due to the varying water affinity of the tethering groups, a physically entangled interfacial domain is in situ formed during dehydration of the pre-gel film, resulting in enhanced mechanical toughness and strong adhesion. The hydrogel electroceuticals, when integrated with conducting polymeric electrodes, locally stimulate nerve tissue, improving tissue regeneration in a crushed nerve injury model.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Adhesive Elastic Conductive Ink with High Permeability and Low Diffusivity for Direct Printing of Universal Textile Electronics","authors":"Liming Zhu, Xinran Zhou, Jiwei Zhang, Yong Xia, Mengjie Wu, Yue Zhang, Zeren Lu, Weikang Li, Luyun Liu, Hao Liu, Jianyong Yu, Jiaqing Xiong","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11291","url":null,"abstract":"Elastic conductive ink (ECI) can effectively balance the electromechanical properties of printed flexible electronics. It remains challenging to realize ECIs for direct printing on deformable porous substrates with complex textures, such as textiles, to form continuous and stable electrical paths. We engineered a self-adhesive ECI with high permeability and low diffusivity, achieving efficient electrode printing on a wide range of textiles with material and structure diversity. The ECI consists of a microphase separation-toughened elastomer (styrene–isoprene–styrene/ethyl vinyl acetate (SIS-EVA)) and a binary conductive filler. SIS-EVA provides a tough framework to protect silver flakes (AgFKs) and forms a ductile conductive path, which can be electrically compensated by liquid metal microspheres (LMMSs) upon dynamic deformation. The freestanding ECI conductor demonstrates a breaking strain of ∼1305.5% and a conductivity of ∼5322.7 S cm<sup>–1</sup>. The ECI can be universally printed on diversified textiles free of pretreatment, with high permeability (319.2 μm) and low diffusivity (6.2 μm), demonstrating a stable printing line width of ∼216 μm on knitted cotton textiles, while maintaining electrical stability after 200 stretching cycles with 50% strain. Printed electronic textiles with stretchability, high abrasion resistance, and machine washability are demonstrated for wearable applications such as fabric electrodes, capacitive sensors, and electrocardiograph monitoring.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-13DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11701
Kai Chen, Yuxiang Zhu, Zijian Huang, Bin Han, Qingchi Xu, Xiaoliang Fang, Jun Xu
{"title":"Strengthened d–p Orbital Hybridization on Metastable Cubic Mo2C for Highly Stable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Kai Chen, Yuxiang Zhu, Zijian Huang, Bin Han, Qingchi Xu, Xiaoliang Fang, Jun Xu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11701","url":null,"abstract":"Suppressing the lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling as well as accelerating the conversion kinetics is extremely crucial yet challenging in designing sulfur hosts for lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Phase engineering of nanomaterials is an intriguing approach for tuning the electronic structure toward regulating phase-dependent physicochemical properties. In this study, a metastable phase δ-Mo<sub>2</sub>C catalyst was elaborately synthesized via a boron doping strategy, which exhibited a phase transfer from hexagonal to cubic structure. The hierarchical tubular structure of the metastable cubic δ-Mo<sub>2</sub>C-decorated N-doped carbon nanotube (δ-B-Mo<sub>2</sub>C/NCNT) endows fast electron transfer and abundant polar sites for LiPSs. First-principles calculations reveal the strengthened chemical adsorption capability and hybridization between the d orbital of Mo metal and the p orbital of S atoms in LiPSs, contributing to higher electrocatalytic activity. Moreover, <i>in situ</i> Raman analysis manifests accelerated redox conversion kinetics. Consequently, δ-B-Mo<sub>2</sub>C/NCNT renders the Li–S battery with a high specific capacity of 1385.6 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 0.1 C and a superior rate property of 606.3 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> at 4 C. Impressively, a satisfactory areal capacity of 6.95 mAh cm<sup>–2</sup> is achieved under the high sulfur loading of 6.8 mg cm<sup>–2</sup>. This work has gained crucial research significance for metastable catalyst design and phase engineering for Li–S batteries.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11259
Mehdi Sanati, Christian G. Figueroa-Espada, Emily L. Han, Michael J. Mitchell, Saber Amin Yavari
{"title":"Bioengineered Nanomaterials for siRNA Therapy of Chemoresistant Cancers","authors":"Mehdi Sanati, Christian G. Figueroa-Espada, Emily L. Han, Michael J. Mitchell, Saber Amin Yavari","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c11259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c11259","url":null,"abstract":"Chemoresistance remains a long-standing challenge after cancer treatment. Over the last two decades, RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a gene therapy modality to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. However, the use of RNAi, specifically small-interfering RNA (siRNA), is hindered by biological barriers that limit its intracellular delivery. Nanoparticles can overcome these barriers by protecting siRNA in physiological environments and facilitating its delivery to cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the development of nanomaterials for siRNA delivery in cancer therapy, current challenges, and future perspectives for their implementation to overcome cancer chemoresistance.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c13325
Xiaojia Du, Leyi Yang, Xiaohu Shi, Chujie Ye, Yunfei Wang, Dekui Song, Wei Xiong, Xiaodan Gu, Chunming Lu, Nan Liu
{"title":"Ultrathin Bioelectrode Array with Improved Electrochemical Performance for Electrophysiological Sensing and Modulation","authors":"Xiaojia Du, Leyi Yang, Xiaohu Shi, Chujie Ye, Yunfei Wang, Dekui Song, Wei Xiong, Xiaodan Gu, Chunming Lu, Nan Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c13325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c13325","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve high accuracy and effectiveness in sensing and modulating neural activity, efficient charge-transfer biointerfaces and a high spatiotemporal resolution are required. Ultrathin bioelectrode arrays exhibiting mechanical compliance with biological tissues offer such biointerfaces. However, their thinness often leads to a lack of mechano-electrical stability or sufficiently high electrochemical capacitance, thus deteriorating their overall performance. Here, we report ultrathin (∼115 nm) bioelectrode arrays that simultaneously enable ultraconformability, mechano-electrical stability and high electrochemical performance. These arrays show high opto-electrical conductivity (2060 S cm<sup>–1</sup>@88% transparency), mechanical stretchability (110% strain), and excellent electrochemical properties (24.5 mC cm<sup>–2</sup> charge storage capacity and 3.5 times lower interfacial impedance than commercial electrodes). The improved mechano-electrical and electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic interactions within the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/graphene oxide (GO) interpenetrating network (PGIN), where π–π and hydrogen bonding interactions improve conductive pathways between PEDOT chains and enhance the charge-transfer mobility. This ultrathin bioelectrode is compatible with photolithography processing and provides spatiotemporally precise signal mapping capabilities for sensing and modulating neuromuscular activity. By capturing weak multichannel facial electromyography signals and applying machine learning algorithms, we achieve high accuracy in silent speech recognition. Moreover, the high transparency of the bioelectrode allows simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals, facilitating dual-mode brain activity analysis with both high temporal and high spatial resolution.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09023
Sanghyeok Ryou, Sanghyeon Mo, Doyeop Kim, Sungjun Choi, Jaewhan Oh, Yongsoo Yang, Kitae Eom, Hyungwoo Lee
{"title":"Atomic-Scale Interface Modification in Complex Oxide Heterojunctions for Near-Infrared Photodetection","authors":"Sanghyeok Ryou, Sanghyeon Mo, Doyeop Kim, Sungjun Choi, Jaewhan Oh, Yongsoo Yang, Kitae Eom, Hyungwoo Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c09023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c09023","url":null,"abstract":"Photodetectors that detect near-infrared (NIR) light serve as important components in contemporary energy-efficient optoelectronic devices. However, detecting the low-energy photons of the NIR light has long been challenging since the ease of photoexcitation inevitably involves increasing the background current in the dark. Herein, we report the atomic-scale interface modification in SrRuO<sub>3</sub>/LaAlO<sub>3</sub>/Nb-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (SRO/LAO/Nb:STO) heterostructures for NIR photodetection. The interfacial band alignment by a polar monolayer LAO allows precise tuning of the Schottky barrier to achieve a specific energy band profile suitable for the NIR photodetection. The SRO/LAO/Nb:STO heterojunctions show a high photoresponsivity up to ∼1.1 mA/W under NIR light irradiation (λ = 850 nm), while keeping the pA-scale dark current. The increase in the responsivity by interface modification is evaluated at a maximum of 1371%. Based on the enhanced NIR photoresponsivity, as a proof of concept, we demonstrate the spatial imaging of NIR signals using a conceptual array of SRO/LAO/Nb:STO heterojunctions. In addition, the experimental-data-based simulation verifies that the array device can implement pulse-number-dependent plasticity, which is based on the characteristic persistent photoconductivity. This study suggests that atomic-scale interface modification is a facile and powerful method for optimizing the photoresponsive properties of complex-oxide-based heterojunctions.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metabolic Nanoregulators Induce Ferroptosis and Change Metabolite Flow to Reverse Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment","authors":"Yu Wang, Qinjun Chen, Yifan Luo, Yangqi Qu, Xuwen Li, Haolin Song, Chufeng Li, Yiwen Zhang, Tao Sun, Chen Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c13425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c13425","url":null,"abstract":"Aberrant energy and substance metabolic pathways of tumor cells critically support tumor cell proliferation by hijacking the resources from nonmalignant cells, thereby establishing a metabolite flow favorable to tumor progression. This metabolic adaptation of tumor cells further modulates the immune landscape, ultimately creating a tumor microenvironment characterized by drug resistance and immunosuppression. The synergistic regulation of energy and substance metabolic pathways might be a good antitumor therapeutic paradigm. However, due to the metabolic convergence, it is crucial to selectively modulate the aberrant metabolism of tumor cells without compromising the functionality of other cells. Small-molecule drugs have the ability to target a wide range of biomolecules for antitumor therapy, but their application is limited by undesirable toxicities. Constructing nanodrug delivery systems can improve their properties and allow for the inclusion of multiple drugs, thereby exerting synergistic antitumor effects. In this study, we developed a two-drug codelivery system using drugs-conjugated multibranched polymers to modulate tumor cell metabolism by exploiting synthetic lethal pathways for safe and effective antitumor therapy. By delivery of adapalene and erastin simultaneously through nanoparticles, the material and energy metabolism of tumor cells can be regulated. This nanoparticle construction achieves tumor tissue targeting and responsive drug release, alters metabolite flow within tumor cells, and effectively kills tumor cells. Additionally, the nanoparticles can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, starting from single-cell regulation to whole-lesion control.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c12884
Youngmin Kim, Ji Hyun Baek, In Hyuk Im, Dong Hyun Lee, Min Hyuk Park, Ho Won Jang
{"title":"Two-Terminal Neuromorphic Devices for Spiking Neural Networks: Neurons, Synapses, and Array Integration","authors":"Youngmin Kim, Ji Hyun Baek, In Hyuk Im, Dong Hyun Lee, Min Hyuk Park, Ho Won Jang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c12884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c12884","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-increasing volume of complex data poses significant challenges to conventional sequential global processing methods, highlighting their inherent limitations. This computational burden has catalyzed interest in neuromorphic computing, particularly within artificial neural networks (ANNs). In pursuit of advancing neuromorphic hardware, researchers are focusing on developing computation strategies and constructing high-density crossbar arrays utilizing history-dependent, multistate nonvolatile memories tailored for multiply–accumulate (MAC) operations. However, the real-time collection and processing of massive, dynamic data sets require an innovative computational paradigm akin to that of the human brain. Spiking neural networks (SNNs), representing the third generation of ANNs, are emerging as a promising solution for real-time spatiotemporal information processing due to their event-based spatiotemporal capabilities. The ideal hardware supporting SNN operations comprises artificial neurons, artificial synapses, and their integrated arrays. Currently, the structural complexity of SNNs and spike-based methodologies requires hardware components with biomimetic behaviors that are distinct from those of conventional memristors used in deep neural networks. These distinctive characteristics required for neuron and synapses devices pose significant challenges. Developing effective building blocks for SNNs, therefore, necessitates leveraging the intrinsic properties of the materials constituting each unit and overcoming the integration barriers. This review focuses on the progress toward memristor-based spiking neural network neuromorphic hardware, emphasizing the role of individual components such as memristor-based neurons, synapses, and array integration along with relevant biological insights. We aim to provide valuable perspectives to researchers working on the next generation of brain-like computing systems based on these foundational elements.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Radiogenomic Analysis Reveals Genomic Determinants for Nanoparticle Delivery into Tumors","authors":"Di Liu, Na Lu, Fengchao Zang, Mingze Lu, Jingyue Zhang, Ying Zhao, Hao Wan, Mengjun Wang, Qian-Qian Li, Fei Wang, Shouhua Luo, Ming Ma, Fangfang Shi, Haoan Wu, Jing Tu, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c09387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c09387","url":null,"abstract":"Even though the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is applicable for the passive targeting of solid tumors, many nanodrugs have failed to achieve meaningful clinical outcomes due to the heterogeneity of EPR effect. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of the EPR effect is crucial to overcome the obstacles nanomedicines face in clinical translation. The aim of this study was to establish a reliable method to increase awareness of the critical influencing factors of nanoparticle (NP) transport into tumors based on the EPR effect using a combined radiogenomics and clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique and gene set pathway enrichment analysis. Employing poly(lactic-<i>co</i>-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-coated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs as the contrast agent, the monolayer and multilayer distribution of the NPs were observed and quantitatively analyzed by MRI, improving the accuracy of evaluating vascular permeability by MRI. By performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of genes and pathways, we identified a variety of genes affecting vascular permeability, such as Cldn1, Dlg2, Bves, Prkag3, Cldn10, and Cldn8, which are related to tight junctions and control the permeability of blood vessels in tumors. The method presented here provides an MRI-supported approach to increase the breadth of data collected from genetic screens, reveals genetic evidence of the presence of NPs in tumors and lays a foundation for clinical patient stratification and personalized treatment.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS NanoPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09986
Hongyuan Zhang, Jing Wang, Haonan Wu, Yuequan Wang, Shenwu Zhang, Jin Sun, Zhonggui He, Cong Luo
{"title":"On-Site Self-Penetrating Nanomedicine Enabling Dual-Priming Drug Activation and Inside-Out Thrombus Ablation","authors":"Hongyuan Zhang, Jing Wang, Haonan Wu, Yuequan Wang, Shenwu Zhang, Jin Sun, Zhonggui He, Cong Luo","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c09986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c09986","url":null,"abstract":"Main conventional antithrombotic therapies often suffer from unsatisfactory treatment outcomes and the risk of undesirable tissue hemorrhage. Deep clot penetration, on-demand drug activation, and release within the clots remain significant challenges. While past efforts to develop nanomedicines and prodrugs have improved safety at the expense of therapeutic effects. Herein, we develop a self-piercing and self-activating nanoassembly composed of an oxidation-sensitive prodrug (TGL-S-Fmoc, TSF) of ticagrelor (TGL) and IR808 (a photothermal/photodynamic dual-effect photosensitizer). TSF readily coassembles with IR808 into a carrier-free hybrid nanomedicine. Upon laser irradiation, IR808 enables photothermal thrombolysis and deep clot penetration of TSF while also synergistically facilitating prodrug activation triggered by IR808-generated singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) and the endogenous hydrogen peroxide within the clots. Following fibrin-targeting modification, the nanoassembly achieves self-indicating thrombus-targeted accumulation, self-piercing deep clot penetration, dual-priming prodrug activation, and inside-out thrombus ablation with favorable safety <i>in vivo</i>. This study advances the clinical translation of antithrombotic prodrugs and nanomedicines.","PeriodicalId":21,"journal":{"name":"ACS Nano","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}