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Adult Attachment Outcomes and the Timing of Adverse Childhood Experiences. 成人依恋结果与不良童年经历的时间。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251336491
Moriah G Zumdahl, Matthew Gregg Saxsma, R Chris Fraley
{"title":"Adult Attachment Outcomes and the Timing of Adverse Childhood Experiences.","authors":"Moriah G Zumdahl, Matthew Gregg Saxsma, R Chris Fraley","doi":"10.1177/01461672251336491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251336491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) encompass a wide range of abuse, neglect, community violence, and household dysfunction occurring before the age of 18, and are related to multiple mental and behavioral health indicators in adulthood. ACEs research is frequently guided by a subtle, under-tested assumption: ACEs are assumed to be especially consequential because they happen during childhood. We sought to test this assumption with respect to adult attachment insecurity with a multinational adult sample (<i>N</i> = 7,135). We regressed attachment anxiety and avoidance on the age of first occurrence for 14 ACEs. We found that the age at which one is exposed to ACEs is generally unrelated to general and romantic adult attachment insecurity. However, the age of first occurrence is related to parental attachment, such that experiencing ACEs at an earlier age is associated with heightened parental insecurity. Implications for the ACEs and attachment literatures are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251336491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Tests of the Role of Ideal Partner Preferences in Relationships. 理想伴侣偏好在人际关系中作用的实验检验。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251339575
Aline da Silva Frost, Paul W Eastwick
{"title":"Experimental Tests of the Role of Ideal Partner Preferences in Relationships.","authors":"Aline da Silva Frost, Paul W Eastwick","doi":"10.1177/01461672251339575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251339575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the large literature on ideal partner preferences, the consequences of ideals have rarely been tested experimentally. We developed a conditioning paradigm that paired positive experiences with novel (\"Reditry,\" Study 1) and familiar (\"youthfulness,\" Study 2) traits to reliably manipulate ideal partner preferences among participants attracted to men. We then conducted the first experimental tests of four theoretical perspectives: <i>motivated projection</i> (ideals cause the belief that a partner possesses the trait); <i>preference-matching (trait-weighting)</i> (ideals cause satisfaction with a partner to the extent that people think their partner possesses the trait); <i>perceiver effects</i> (ideals cause people to believe everyone possesses that trait); and <i>situation selection</i> (ideals cause people to seek situations where they can meet partners with the trait). The motivated projection and situation selection accounts received very strong support, the perceiver effects account received some support, and the preference-matching (trait-weighting) account received support in one study. Implications for motivational processes in relationships are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251339575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
People Favor In-group Over Out-group Close Friends More Strongly in Automatic than in Nonautomatic Evaluation. 人们在自动评价中比在非自动评价中更倾向于群体内而不是群体外的亲密朋友。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251338683
Yoav Bar-Anan, Anat Shechter, Yael Friedman, Neta Mudachi, Tom Segev, Eden Zerdoug
{"title":"People Favor In-group Over Out-group Close Friends More Strongly in Automatic than in Nonautomatic Evaluation.","authors":"Yoav Bar-Anan, Anat Shechter, Yael Friedman, Neta Mudachi, Tom Segev, Eden Zerdoug","doi":"10.1177/01461672251338683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251338683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In six experiments (<i>N</i> = 2,424), we tested whether group affiliation has a stronger influence on the automatic evaluation of close friends than on nonautomatic evaluation. In Experiments 1 to 5, women showed a stronger pro-women preference in their evaluation of close friends when measured with supposed measures of automatic evaluation (the Implicit Association Test [IAT] and the Sorting Paired Features task) than with a self-report measure. The IAT (but not the self-reported preference) was related to a difference in how close and deep participants perceived the relationship to be (Experiments 3 and 4), but not to self-reported gender identity (Experiment 5). The IAT/self-report discrepancy was the same toward acquaintances and close friends (Experiment 4). We conceptually replicated the discrepancy finding with friends from the ethnic or racial in-group versus out-group (Experiment 6). Our results suggest that even toward highly familiar individuals, people's automatic in-group preference is stronger than their nonautomatic in-group preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251338683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Poets Over Quants: Automation and AI Threats Increase the Value People Place on Creativity. 诗人胜过量化：自动化和人工智能的威胁增加了人们对创造力的重视。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251337126
Monica Gamez-Djokic, Adam Waytz, Maryam Kouchaki
{"title":"Poets Over Quants: Automation and AI Threats Increase the Value People Place on Creativity.","authors":"Monica Gamez-Djokic, Adam Waytz, Maryam Kouchaki","doi":"10.1177/01461672251337126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251337126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examine how perceived automation and AI threats (the belief that advanced technology threatens humans' career prospects) shape workers' strategies for career preparation. In nine studies (<i>N</i> = 2,320; three preregistered), we find that perceived automation threat drives people to prioritize creative skills over technical and social skills. A pilot study revealed that people view creativity as less prone to automation and more likely to complement automation. Subsequent experiments confirmed that automation threat leads people to highlight creativity in job applications (Studies 1a-1c), leads STEM students and professional graphic designers to cultivate creative abilities (Studies 2a-2b), and increases jobseekers' interest in companies that champion creativity (Study 3). People value creative skills in response to the automation threat even when reminded of generative AI's ability for creativity (Studies 4a-4b). These results suggest that advanced technology steers individuals to prioritize creativity as a skill necessary to compete in the labor market.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251337126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why Do You Want a Romantic Relationship? Individual Differences in Motives for Romantic Relationship Pursuit. 为什么你想要一段浪漫的关系？恋爱关系追求动机的个体差异。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251331699
Geoff MacDonald, Serena Thapar, William S Ryan, Joanne M Chung, Elaine Hoan, Yoobin Park
{"title":"Why Do You Want a Romantic Relationship? Individual Differences in Motives for Romantic Relationship Pursuit.","authors":"Geoff MacDonald, Serena Thapar, William S Ryan, Joanne M Chung, Elaine Hoan, Yoobin Park","doi":"10.1177/01461672251331699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251331699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relationship science currently lacks a theoretical approach to capture the variety of motivations potentially underlying the pursuit of romantic relationships. We introduce the Autonomous Motivation for Romantic Pursuit Scale (AMRPS) which conceptualizes and measures motivations ranging in levels of autonomy (from a motivation to intrinsic motivation), based on self-determination theory (SDT). In Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 1,280), we show how the motivations assessed using AMRPS relate to existing constructs implicated in romantic pursuit (e.g. fear of being single, commitment readiness), thereby organizing them into a coherent theoretical framework. In Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 3,186), we validate this approach using longitudinal data, showing singles who are higher in autonomous motivation for relationship pursuit are more likely to be partnered six months later. These studies demonstrate the usefulness of SDT for consolidating into one theoretical and measurement framework the variety of motivations (including an absence of motivation) for pursuing romantic relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251331699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coherence and the Conjunction Fallacy. 连贯性和连接谬误。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251335810
Annetta Snell, Madison Burt, Miron Zuckerman
{"title":"Coherence and the Conjunction Fallacy.","authors":"Annetta Snell, Madison Burt, Miron Zuckerman","doi":"10.1177/01461672251335810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251335810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The conjunction fallacy occurs when, after reading about an introductory event <i>a</i>, participants rate a combination of two events (<i>b <sub>˄</sub></i> <i>c</i>) as more likely than a single event <i>b</i>. It has been proposed that the fallacy is more likely to occur when the coherence of <i>a, b, c</i>-the extent to which the three events fit together to form a united and complete story-is greater than that of <i>a, b</i>. In the current research, participants were presented with a three-event sequence made to appear coherent or non-coherent. The events were presented in one of three modalities (verbal, physical, and musical) with two studies in each modality. Compared to chance, participants were more likely to commit the fallacy in the coherent condition and less likely to commit the fallacy in the non-coherent condition. Coherence can thus serve as a conduit by which different circumstances can induce the conjunction fallacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251335810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Context Norms Shape Perceived Motives of Organizational Diversity Statements. 情境规范塑造组织多样性陈述的感知动机。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251330694
Kimberly E Chaney, Emma Wedell, Izilda Pereira-Jorge, Marley B Forbes
{"title":"Context Norms Shape Perceived Motives of Organizational Diversity Statements.","authors":"Kimberly E Chaney, Emma Wedell, Izilda Pereira-Jorge, Marley B Forbes","doi":"10.1177/01461672251330694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251330694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diversity statements have become common practice for organizations; might this norm backfire for norm-adhering organizations? The present research examines if awareness of diversity statement norms across organizations leads to perceptions of an organization's diversity statement as mere norm adherence. Across four experiments recruiting Black and LGBTQ+ U.S. participants (<i>N</i> = 1,326), we find that when diversity statements are the norm across organizations, an organization's diversity statement is viewed as more externally motivated and marginalized group members report lower anticipated belonging and perceive the organization as less committed to diversity than when organizational diversity statements are not the norm. We further examine perceptions of organizations that violate a diversity statement norm and how the strength of the norm impacts perceptions. By incorporating research on attributions and egalitarian norm perceptions, the present research affords novel insights into perceptions of organizational diversity commitments with implications for marginalized group members' anticipated belonging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251330694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Pay Me Back": Testing the Implications of Long-Term Changes and Partner Similarity in Exchange Orientation Within Intimate Relationships. “还我钱”：测试亲密关系中交换取向的长期变化和伴侣相似性的含义。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251330700
Haeyoung Gideon Park, Matthew D Johnson, Amie M Gordon, Emily A Impett
{"title":"\"Pay Me Back\": Testing the Implications of Long-Term Changes and Partner Similarity in Exchange Orientation Within Intimate Relationships.","authors":"Haeyoung Gideon Park, Matthew D Johnson, Amie M Gordon, Emily A Impett","doi":"10.1177/01461672251330700","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251330700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Past research on intimate relationships suggests that exchange orientation-the tendency to expect direct reciprocation when providing a benefit-predicts lower relationship well-being. However, limited research has examined the long-term associations of this link or the effects of partner similarity in exchange orientation. The present research addressed this gap by employing a set of rigorous analyses on longitudinal data spanning 13 years from a national sample of romantic couples in Germany (<i>N</i> = 7,293 couples). Latent curve models with structured residuals (LCM-SR) revealed that romantic partners, on average, experienced a general decline in exchange orientation over the course of their relationship. Partners who showed slower declines in exchange orientation experienced steeper declines in relationship satisfaction. Within-person increases in exchange orientation predicted future decreases in relationship satisfaction. Dyadic response surface analyses (DRSA) indicated no evidence of similarity effects. Overall, these findings corroborate the adverse effects of exchange orientation on intimate relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251330700"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who Negotiates? The Political Psychology of Price Negotiations. 谁协商?价格谈判的政治心理。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251335697
Archer Yue Pan, Manoj Thomas
{"title":"Who Negotiates? The Political Psychology of Price Negotiations.","authors":"Archer Yue Pan, Manoj Thomas","doi":"10.1177/01461672251335697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251335697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Price negotiation is often a zero-sum interaction where one party's gain is another's loss. In such contexts, a buyer's willingness to negotiate can depend on the perceived justifiability of negotiation. This research examines how political ideology shapes these perceptions. Two archival studies (<i>N</i> = 56,615) and four preregistered studies (<i>N</i> = 3,157) show that conservative buyers are more likely to negotiate prices for houses and used cars. Conservatives also hold stronger beliefs that buyers should negotiate prices regardless of the seller's identity-be it a professional dealer, an ordinary seller, a stranger, or a friend. This heightened propensity to justify price negotiation is rooted in conservatives' endorsement of free-market ideology, which motivates and even moralizes the pursuit of economic self-interest in marketplace interactions. These findings offer a nuanced account of interactions in the marketplace, demonstrating that marketplace behaviors are influenced not only by economic considerations but also by ideological beliefs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251335697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dating in Later Life: Do the Advantages of Age Depend on the Relational Context? 晚年约会：年龄的优势取决于关系环境吗？
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251332763
Lisa A Neff, Jennifer S Beer
{"title":"Dating in Later Life: Do the Advantages of Age Depend on the Relational Context?","authors":"Lisa A Neff, Jennifer S Beer","doi":"10.1177/01461672251332763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251332763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dating in later life is increasingly prevalent, yet research on older adults' experiences within their newly formed relationships is scarce. Although older adults are often more adept in minimizing their reactivity when relational tensions arise, integrating insights from theories of aging and relationship development suggests that older adults' advantage over younger adults may diminish, or even reverse, when examining reactivity in newly formed dating relationships. Married and dating couples (<i>N</i> = 282; aged 30-88) completed a 21-day daily diary task. Multilevel modeling was used to estimate individuals' negative affect, physical health symptoms, and relationship satisfaction on days of greater tension with a partner. Age was not associated with reactivity among married couples. Among dating couples, age was associated with emotional reactivity (women only) and physical reactivity, but not relational reactivity, such that older individuals experienced greater increases in emotional distress and physical health problems on higher tension days compared to younger individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251332763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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