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Let's Enjoy an Evening on the Couch? A Daily Life Investigation of Shared Problematic Behaviors in Three Couple Studies. 让我们在沙发上共度良宵？三对夫妻共同问题行为的日常生活调查研究
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221143783
Theresa Pauly, Janina Lüscher, Corina Berli, Christiane A Hoppmann, Rachel A Murphy, Maureen C Ashe, Wolfgang Linden, Kenneth M Madden, Denis Gerstorf, Urte Scholz
{"title":"Let's Enjoy an Evening on the Couch? A Daily Life Investigation of Shared Problematic Behaviors in Three Couple Studies.","authors":"Theresa Pauly, Janina Lüscher, Corina Berli, Christiane A Hoppmann, Rachel A Murphy, Maureen C Ashe, Wolfgang Linden, Kenneth M Madden, Denis Gerstorf, Urte Scholz","doi":"10.1177/01461672221143783","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672221143783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symptom-system fit theory proposes that problematic behaviors are maintained by the social system (e.g., the couple relationship) in which they occur because they help promote positive relationship functioning in the short-term. Across three daily life studies, we examined whether mixed-gender couples reported more positive relationship functioning on days in which they engaged in more shared problematic behaviors. In two studies (Study 1: 82 couples who smoke; Study 2: 117 couples who are inactive), days of more shared problematic behavior were accompanied by higher daily closeness and relationship satisfaction. A third study with 79 couples post-stroke investigating unhealthy eating failed to provide evidence for symptom-system fit. In exploratory lagged analyses, we found more support for prior-day problematic behavior being associated with next-day daily relationship functioning than vice-versa. Together, findings point to the importance of a systems perspective when studying interpersonal dynamics that might be involved in the maintenance of problematic behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11010557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10525378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is Men's Heterosexuality Perceived as More Precarious Than Women's? An Intersectional, Race-by-Gender Analysis. 男性异性恋是否比女性异性恋更不稳定？跨部门、跨种族、跨性别分析。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-21 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221143839
Christopher D Petsko, Stefan Vogler
{"title":"Is Men's Heterosexuality Perceived as More Precarious Than Women's? An Intersectional, Race-by-Gender Analysis.","authors":"Christopher D Petsko, Stefan Vogler","doi":"10.1177/01461672221143839","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672221143839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People perceive men's masculinity to be more precarious, or easier to lose, than women's femininity. In the present article, we investigated (a) whether men's heterosexuality is likewise perceived to be more precarious than women's, and if so, (b) whether this effect is exaggerated when the targets in question are Black rather than White. To investigate these questions, we conducted three experiments (one of which was conducted on a probability-based sample of U.S. adults; total <i>N</i> = 3,811) in which participants read about a target person who either did or did not engage in a single same-sex sexual behavior. Results revealed that participants questioned the heterosexuality of men more than the heterosexuality of women when they engaged (vs. did not engage) in same-sex sexual behavior. Surprisingly, these effects were <i>not</i> moderated by whether targets were Black versus White. Results are interpreted in light of recent models of intersectional stereotyping.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9117832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autonomous Motives Foster Sustained Commitment to Action: Integrating Self-Determination Theory and the Social Identity Approach. 自主动机促进持续的行动承诺：自我决定理论与社会认同方法的结合。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-21 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221148396
Lisette Yip, Emma F Thomas, Catherine Amiot, Winnifred R Louis, Craig McGarty
{"title":"Autonomous Motives Foster Sustained Commitment to Action: Integrating Self-Determination Theory and the Social Identity Approach.","authors":"Lisette Yip, Emma F Thomas, Catherine Amiot, Winnifred R Louis, Craig McGarty","doi":"10.1177/01461672221148396","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672221148396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social change movements may take years or decades to achieve their goals and thus require ongoing efforts from their supporters. We apply the insights of self-determination theory to examine sustained collective action over time. We expected that autonomous motivation, but not controlled motivation, would predict sustained action. We also examine whether autonomous motivation shapes and is shaped by social identification as a supporter of the cause. Longitudinal data were collected from supporters of global poverty reduction (<i>N</i> = 263) at two timepoints 1 year apart. Using latent change score modeling, we found that increases in autonomous motivation positively predicted increases in opinion-based group identification, which in turn predicted increases in self-reported collective action. Controlled motivation (Time 1) negatively predicted changes in action. We concluded that autonomous motivation predicts sustained action over time, while promoting controlled motives for action may backfire because it may undermine identification with the cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9117834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Highway to Hell: Slippery Slope Perceptions in Judgments of Moral Character. 在通往地狱的高速公路上：道德品格判断中的滑坡认知》。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221143022
Rajen A Anderson, Benjamin C Ruisch, David A Pizarro
{"title":"On the Highway to Hell: Slippery Slope Perceptions in Judgments of Moral Character.","authors":"Rajen A Anderson, Benjamin C Ruisch, David A Pizarro","doi":"10.1177/01461672221143022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672221143022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across four studies, we test the hypothesis that people exhibit \"slippery slope\" thinking in their judgments of moral character-that is, do observers judge that a person who behaves immorally will become increasingly immoral over time? In Study 1, we find that a person who commits an immoral act is judged as more likely to behave immorally and as having a worse character in the future than in the past. In Study 2, we find that it is the <i>commission</i> of an immoral act specifically-rather than merely attempting an immoral act-that drives this slippery slope effect. In Study 3, we demonstrate that observers judge the moral agent as more likely to commit acts of greater severity further in time after the initial immoral act. In Study 4, we find that this effect is driven by an anticipated corrupting of moral character, related to perceptions of the agent's guilt.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10480687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Managers Can Support Employees in Working-Class Contexts by Promoting Growth Mindsets. 管理者可以通过促进成长心态来支持工作环境中的员工。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235625
Inhyun Han, Peter Belmi, Melissa Thomas-Hunt, Catherine Summers
{"title":"Managers Can Support Employees in Working-Class Contexts by Promoting Growth Mindsets.","authors":"Inhyun Han, Peter Belmi, Melissa Thomas-Hunt, Catherine Summers","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241235625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White-collar workplaces are critical \"gateway\" contexts. They play a crucial role in providing valuable opportunities and upward social mobility. Some groups are less likely, however, to feel they belong in these settings. For example, those with a college degree may feel relatively at ease. However, those without may be uncertain about whether they will be fully included. We examine one possibility for addressing these class-based belonging gaps. A growing education literature demonstrates the power of growth mindsets. We extend this research to the workplace and test its benefits. In two preregistered experiments (<i>N</i> = 1,777), we find that endorsing growth mindsets can support working-class (WK) individuals. When managers have a growth mindset, WK individuals report high sense of belonging. The effect occurred because managers with growth mindsets reduced identity threat. A preregistered survey of employees in the real world (<i>N</i> = 300) triangulated these findings. Sense of belonging was higher among those who believed their manager had a growth mindset. Furthermore, they reported greater job satisfaction and commitment. These findings have important implications for the growing conversation on addressing class divides.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thank You for Changing: Gratitude Promotes Autonomous Motivation and Successful Partner Regulation. 感谢您的改变：感恩促进自主动机和成功的伙伴调节。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241246211
Natalie M Sisson, Yoobin Park, Nickola C Overall, Haeyoung Gideon Park, Matthew D Johnson, Jennifer E Stellar, Bonnie M Le, Emily A Impett
{"title":"Thank You for Changing: Gratitude Promotes Autonomous Motivation and Successful Partner Regulation.","authors":"Natalie M Sisson, Yoobin Park, Nickola C Overall, Haeyoung Gideon Park, Matthew D Johnson, Jennifer E Stellar, Bonnie M Le, Emily A Impett","doi":"10.1177/01461672241246211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241246211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Romantic partners often attempt to improve their relationship by changing each other's traits and behaviors, but such partner regulation is often unsuccessful. We examined whether gratitude expressed by agents (i.e., partners requesting change) facilitates greater regulation success from targets (i.e., partners making change) by encouraging targets' autonomous motivation. Across studies, including observational (Study 1, <i>N</i> = 111 couples), preregistered longitudinal (Study 2, <i>N</i> = 150 couples), and experimental (Study 3a, <i>N</i> = 431; Study 3b, <i>N</i> = 725) designs, agents' gratitude for targets' efforts was linked to greater targets'-and less consistently agents'-reported regulation success. These effects were consistently mediated by greater target autonomous motivation, and generally persisted when accounting for how agents communicated their change request and other positive responses to targets' efforts (e.g., positivity and support). Gratitude for targets' efforts appears to be an important tool for promoting change success.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Privileges We Do and Do Not See: The Relative Salience of Interpersonal and Circumstantial Benefits. 我们看到和看不到的特权：人际利益和间接利益的相对重要性。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241247083
Julia M Smith, Shai Davidai, Tom Gilovich
{"title":"The Privileges We Do and Do Not See: The Relative Salience of Interpersonal and Circumstantial Benefits.","authors":"Julia M Smith, Shai Davidai, Tom Gilovich","doi":"10.1177/01461672241247083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241247083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People attend more to disadvantages in their lives than to advantages, a phenomenon known as the <i>Headwinds/Tailwinds Asymmetry</i>. In seven studies (<i>N</i> = 1,526), we present an important caveat to this pattern: When people do notice and acknowledge their advantages, they mostly focus on the benefits they receive from other people (i.e., interpersonal benefits), as opposed to benefits they receive because of their demographics, personal traits, and life circumstances (i.e., circumstantial benefits). We demonstrate that people notice and remember others who helped them rather than hurt them and that they notice the help they receive from people more than from favorable, non-interpersonal factors. Finally, we find that the tendency to notice interpersonal advantages is related to a social norm requiring people to acknowledge helpful others (but not other advantages) and that changing the salience of this norm affects people's likelihood of acknowledging the support they have received from others.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Target Happiness Attenuates Perceivers' Moral Condemnation of Prejudiced People. 目标幸福感会削弱感知者对有偏见者的道德谴责。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241240160
Hope Rose, Christopher A Sanders, Chloe Willett, Laura A King
{"title":"Target Happiness Attenuates Perceivers' Moral Condemnation of Prejudiced People.","authors":"Hope Rose, Christopher A Sanders, Chloe Willett, Laura A King","doi":"10.1177/01461672241240160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241240160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five experiments (combined <i>N</i> = 4,915) tested the prediction that the moral boost of happiness would persist for social targets with moral failings. In Studies 1 and 2, White and Black participants, respectively, judged happy (versus unhappy) racist targets more morally good. In Study 3, happy (versus unhappy) racist targets were judged more morally good and less (more) likely to engage in racist (good) behavior. Behavioral expectations explained the link between happiness and moral evaluations. Study 4 replicated Studies 1 to 3 in the context of sexism. In Study 5, happy (versus unhappy) targets who engaged in racially biased behavior were evaluated as more morally good, and this effect was explained by behavioral forecasts. Happiness boosts attributions of moral goodness for prejudiced people and does so via expectations for future behavior. Future directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differential Behavioral Pathways Linking Personality to Leadership Emergence and Effectiveness in Groups. 将人格与团体中领导力的产生和有效性联系起来的差异行为途径。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241246388
Tobias M Härtel, Felix Hoch, Mitja D Back
{"title":"Differential Behavioral Pathways Linking Personality to Leadership Emergence and Effectiveness in Groups.","authors":"Tobias M Härtel, Felix Hoch, Mitja D Back","doi":"10.1177/01461672241246388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241246388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study integrates leadership process models with process models of personality and behavioral personality science to examine the behavioral-perceptual pathways that explain interpersonal personality traits' divergent relation to group leadership evaluations. We applied data from an online group interaction study (<i>N</i> = 364) alternately assigning participants as leaders conducting brief tasks. We used four variable types to build the pathways in multiple mediator models: (a) Self-reported personality traits, (b) video recordings of expressed interpersonal behaviors coded by 6 trained raters, (c) interpersonal impressions, and (d) mutual evaluations of leadership emergence/effectiveness. We find interpersonal big five traits to differently relate to the two leadership outcomes via the behavioral-perceptual pathways: Extraversion was more important to leadership emergence due to impressions of assertiveness evoked by task-focused behavior being strongly valued. Agreeableness/emotional stability were more important to leadership effectiveness due to impressions of trustworthiness/calmness evoked by member-focused/calm behavior being stronger valued.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationships on a Pedestal: The Associations Between Relationship Pedestal Beliefs, Fear of Being Single, and Life Satisfaction in Single and Coupled Individuals. 人际关系的基座：单身和有伴侣者的人际关系基座信念、对单身的恐惧和生活满意度之间的关联》（Relationships on a Pedestal: The Associations Between Relationship Pedestal Beliefs, Fear of Being Single, and Life Satisfaction in Single and Coupled Individuals）。
IF 4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241239122
Brittany E Dennett, Yuthika U Girme
{"title":"Relationships on a Pedestal: The Associations Between Relationship Pedestal Beliefs, Fear of Being Single, and Life Satisfaction in Single and Coupled Individuals.","authors":"Brittany E Dennett, Yuthika U Girme","doi":"10.1177/01461672241239122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241239122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fear of being single can put people at risk for worse personal and relational well-being. The current research moves beyond individual-deficit models by exploring whether endorsement of relationship pedestal beliefs-the belief that people need to be in a relationship to be truly happy-is associated with greater fear of being single. Across four studies (<i>N</i> = 641 single individuals and 256 coupled individuals), single individuals' endorsement of relationship pedestal beliefs was associated with greater fear of being single, and greater fear of being single was associated with lower daily life satisfaction (Studies 1-4). Coupled individuals' endorsement of relationship pedestal beliefs was also associated with greater fear of being single, and greater fear of being single was associated with lower daily life and relationship satisfaction (Study 4). These findings highlight how people's endorsement of societal beliefs that place relationships on a pedestal may contribute to fears about singlehood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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