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Selfie-Evaluation: A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Selfie Behaviors and Self-Evaluations. 自拍评价：自拍行为与自我评价之间关系的元分析。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231158252
Roxanne N Felig, Jamie L Goldenberg
{"title":"Selfie-Evaluation: A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Selfie Behaviors and Self-Evaluations.","authors":"Roxanne N Felig, Jamie L Goldenberg","doi":"10.1177/01461672231158252","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231158252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The \"selfie\" phenomenon shaped the past two decades, yet there is inconsistent evidence concerning the relationship between selfie behaviors and self-evaluations. This meta-analysis investigates the relationship between selfie taking, editing, and posting behavior and general and appearance-specific self-evaluations. The results reveal that selfie taking and posting are related to positive appearance-specific self-evaluations. In contrast, selfie editing is related to negative self-evaluations both generally and specific to appearance. Gender and age did not moderate these relationships, but methodological factors did, suggesting these relationships depend on factors, such as how selfie behaviors are measured and study design. We interpret these findings through the lens of prominent social psychological theories and conclude with suggestions to guide future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9252396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discrimination and Perceived Cultural Mismatch Increase Status-Based Identity Uncertainty. 歧视和感知到的文化不匹配增加了基于身份的不确定性。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231163736
Sierra H Feasel, Tessa L Dover, Payton A Small, Brenda Major
{"title":"Discrimination and Perceived Cultural Mismatch Increase Status-Based Identity Uncertainty.","authors":"Sierra H Feasel, Tessa L Dover, Payton A Small, Brenda Major","doi":"10.1177/01461672231163736","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231163736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periods of social mobility, such as attending college, can challenge one's status-based identity, leading to uncertainty around one's status in society. Status uncertainty is associated with poorer well-being and academic outcomes. Little is known, however, about what experiences lead to status uncertainty. The current longitudinal study investigated discrimination experiences and cultural mismatch as predictors of status uncertainty. We propose that discrimination indirectly predicts increased status uncertainty by increasing perceived cultural mismatch with the university. Participants were Latinx college students, all of whom were low-income and/or first generation to college. Discrimination experiences were measured at the end of participants' first year. Cultural mismatch and status uncertainty were measured at the end of Year 2. Status uncertainty was measured again at the end of Year 3. Results indicated that students who experienced more frequent discrimination felt more cultural mismatch 1 year later, and, in turn, reported increased status uncertainty over the following year.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9251418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Gap Between Us: Income Inequality Reduces Social Affiliation in Dyadic Interactions. 我们之间的差距收入不平等会降低二元互动中的社会归属感
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231164213
Daniel M Stancato, Dacher Keltner, Serena Chen
{"title":"The Gap Between Us: Income Inequality Reduces Social Affiliation in Dyadic Interactions.","authors":"Daniel M Stancato, Dacher Keltner, Serena Chen","doi":"10.1177/01461672231164213","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231164213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that increased income inequality between individuals will reduce social affiliation within dyadic interactions. In three experiments, we examined the effects of income inequality on key indices of affiliation using semi-structured interactions. In the first two experiments, a participant and confederate were randomly assigned to a low- or high-power role and compensated mildly or extremely unequally. In Experiment 3, inequality and inequity were orthogonally manipulated to determine whether inequality's social consequences are moderated by the fairness of the income distribution. We demonstrated that greater inequality produced more negative emotional responses, reduced desire for closeness, and harsher evaluations of one's partner, regardless of one's power role and the equitability of the income distribution. We also obtained evidence that greater inequality reduces behavioral warmth, although this effect was less consistent. Our results begin to unpack the psychological processes through which income inequality worsens societal well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9267237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Online Signals of Extremist Mobilization. 极端分子动员的在线信号。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241266866
Olivia Brown, Laura G E Smith, Brittany I Davidson, Daniel Racek, Adam Joinson
{"title":"Online Signals of Extremist Mobilization.","authors":"Olivia Brown, Laura G E Smith, Brittany I Davidson, Daniel Racek, Adam Joinson","doi":"10.1177/01461672241266866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241266866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychological theories of mobilization tend to focus on explaining people's motivations for action, rather than mobilization (\"activation\") processes. To investigate the online behaviors associated with mobilization, we compared the online communications data of 26 people who subsequently mobilized to right-wing extremist action and 48 people who held similar extremist views but did not mobilize (<i>N</i> = 119,473 social media posts). In a three-part analysis, involving content analysis (Part 1), topic modeling (Part 2), and machine learning (Part 3), we showed that communicating ideological or hateful content was not related to mobilization, but rather mobilization was positively related to talking about violent action, operational planning, and logistics. Our findings imply that to explain mobilization to extremist action, rather than the motivations for action, theories of collective action should extend beyond how individuals express grievances and anger, to how they equip themselves with the \"know-how\" and capability to act.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Devaluation of Attractive Alternatives: How Those With Poor Inhibitory Ability Preemptively Resist Temptation. 贬低诱人替代品的价值：抑制能力差的人如何先发制人地抵制诱惑？
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241259194
John E Lydon, Hasagani Tissera, Emile Auger, Midori Nishioka
{"title":"Devaluation of Attractive Alternatives: How Those With Poor Inhibitory Ability Preemptively Resist Temptation.","authors":"John E Lydon, Hasagani Tissera, Emile Auger, Midori Nishioka","doi":"10.1177/01461672241259194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241259194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do people resist in-the-moment temptation if they are poor at inhibiting their impulses? Theory on self-control suggests that people have a toolbox of strategies available to them that may be used <i>preemptively</i> to dampen temptations. Applying this to the goal of relationship maintenance, in two studies, we examined whether people motivated to maintain their romantic relationship but poor at inhibitory control would appraise an attractive alternative (AA) as less appealing prior to a face-to-face interaction. In Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 190), those with high motivation and low inhibitory control (measured with the Stroop) rated the AA as less appealing as compared with singles and those high in motivation and inhibitory control. We replicated the motivation by inhibitory control interaction in Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 219). The AAs paradigm and the Devaluation Effect provide a useful way to explore the toolbox approach to self-control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unconstrained Descriptions of Facebook Profile Pictures Support High-Dimensional Models of Impression Formation. Facebook 资料图片的无约束描述支持印象形成的高维模型。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241266651
Paul Connor, Gandalf Nicolas, Stephen Antonoplis, Alex Koch
{"title":"Unconstrained Descriptions of Facebook Profile Pictures Support High-Dimensional Models of Impression Formation.","authors":"Paul Connor, Gandalf Nicolas, Stephen Antonoplis, Alex Koch","doi":"10.1177/01461672241266651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241266651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dominant models of impression formation focus on two fundamental dimensions: a horizontal dimension of warmth/communion/trustworthiness and a vertical dimension of competence/agency/dominance. However, these models have typically been studied using theory-driven methods and stimuli of restricted complexity. We used a data-driven approach and naturalistic stimuli to explore the latent dimensions underlying >300,000 unconstrained linguistic descriptions of 1,000 Facebook profile pictures from 2,188 participants. Via traditional (Exploratory Factor Analysis) and modern (natural language dictionaries, semantic sentence embeddings) approaches, we observed impressions to form with regard to the horizontal and vertical dimensions and their respective facets of sociability/morality and ability/assertiveness, plus the key demographic variables of gender, age, and race. However, we also observed impressions to form along numerous further dimensions, including adventurousness, conservatism, fitness, non-conformity, and stylishness. These results serve to emphasize the importance of high-dimensional models of impression formation and help to clarify the content dimensions underlying unconstrained descriptions of individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Falling Vocal Intonation Signals Speaker Confidence and Conditionally Boosts Persuasion. 语音语调的下降表示说话者的自信，并有条件地增强说服力。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241262180
Thomas I Vaughan-Johnston, Joshua J Guyer, Leandre R Fabrigar, Grigorios Lamprinakos, Pablo Briñol
{"title":"Falling Vocal Intonation Signals Speaker Confidence and Conditionally Boosts Persuasion.","authors":"Thomas I Vaughan-Johnston, Joshua J Guyer, Leandre R Fabrigar, Grigorios Lamprinakos, Pablo Briñol","doi":"10.1177/01461672241262180","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241262180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People are often advised to project confidence with their bodies and voices to convince others. Prior research has focused on the high and low thinking processes through which vocal confidence signals (e.g., fast speed, falling intonation, low pitch) can influence attitude change. In contrast, this research examines how the vocal confidence of speakers operates under more moderate elaboration levels, revealing that falling intonation only benefits persuasion under certain circumstances. In three experiments, we show that falling (vs. rising) vocal intonation at the ends of sentences can signal speaker confidence. Under moderate elaboration conditions, falling (vs. rising) vocal intonation increased message processing, bolstering the benefit of strong over weak messages, increasing the proportion of message-relevant thoughts, and increasing thought-attitude correspondence. In sum, the present work examined an unstudied role of vocal confidence in guiding persuasion, revealing new processes by which vocal signals increase or fail to increase persuasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceiving Others Through a Screen: Are First Impressions of Personality Accurate and Normative via Videoconferencing? 通过屏幕感知他人：通过视频会议对人格的第一印象是否准确和规范？
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241263249
Marie-Catherine Mignault, Hasagani Tissera, Jamie Cecere, Zoe Fargnoli-Brown, Lauren Human
{"title":"Perceiving Others Through a Screen: Are First Impressions of Personality Accurate and Normative via Videoconferencing?","authors":"Marie-Catherine Mignault, Hasagani Tissera, Jamie Cecere, Zoe Fargnoli-Brown, Lauren Human","doi":"10.1177/01461672241263249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241263249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of videoconferencing platforms has globally risen to facilitate face-to-face communication since the onset of COVID-19. But how do our first impressions of people we meet on Zoom compare to in-person interactions? Specifically, do we view others' personalities as accurately (in line with their unique personality) and normatively (in line with the average, desirable personality) as in-person? Across two Zoom first-impression round-robin studies (exploratory study: <i>N</i> = 567, <i>Dyads</i> = 3,053; preregistered replication: <i>N</i> = 371, <i>Dyads</i> = 1,961), which we compared to an in-person round-robin study (<i>N</i> = 306; <i>Dyads</i> = 1,682), people viewed others' personalities as accurately and as normatively on Zoom as in-person. Moreover, people better liked interaction partners they viewed more accurately and normatively. However, in interactions of poorer audio-video quality, people viewed others less accurately, less normatively, and liked them less. Overall, through a screen, our impressions of others are as accurate and normative as face-to-face, but it depends on the quality of that screen.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Positive Feedback as a Lever to Boost Students' STEM Outcomes. 积极反馈是提高学生科学、技术和工程学成果的杠杆。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241265954
Lora E Park, Deborah E Ward, Deborah Moore-Russo, Brian Rickard, Valerie Vessels, Joseph Hundley
{"title":"Positive Feedback as a Lever to Boost Students' STEM Outcomes.","authors":"Lora E Park, Deborah E Ward, Deborah Moore-Russo, Brian Rickard, Valerie Vessels, Joseph Hundley","doi":"10.1177/01461672241265954","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241265954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although many college students intend to major in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), dropout from these fields is high, especially among members of historically underrepresented groups, such as women and racial-ethnic minorities. We propose a minimal, yet potentially powerful intervention to broaden participation in STEM: giving positive feedback to students in STEM. Studies 1 and 2 found that giving positive feedback is less normative in math (vs. English) courses, and instructors' feedback-giving practices and students' experiences mirror these norms. However, students who received positive (vs. only objective) feedback on introductory-level college calculus exams showed greater belonging and self-efficacy in math, which predicted better STEM outcomes (i.e., increased interest in STEM and higher final math course grades, respectively, Study 3). These findings were especially strong for racial-ethnic minority students. Giving positive (vs. only objective) feedback is thus a potentially transformative tool that boosts student outcomes, especially for underrepresented groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond the Dichotomy: Creation and Validation of a Continuous Statewide Index of U.S. Honor Culture. 超越二分法：美国荣誉文化全州连续指数的创建与验证。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241255494
Henry N Lopez, Jarrod E Bock, Ryan Brown, Susan E Cross
{"title":"Beyond the Dichotomy: Creation and Validation of a Continuous Statewide Index of U.S. Honor Culture.","authors":"Henry N Lopez, Jarrod E Bock, Ryan Brown, Susan E Cross","doi":"10.1177/01461672241255494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672241255494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Honor cultures are characterized by a heightened sensitivity to reputation threats and strong expectations for the defense of honor. U.S. states vary in the extent to which they express the cultural norms of honor, but researchers have frequently relied upon a dichotomous classification that differentiates states as honor or dignity states. We created and validated a continuous, six-item index of honor norms and values across all U.S. states (Study 1). In Study 2, our honor index was correlated with historical variables theoretically associated with the genesis of honor cultures. In Study 3, we validated our honor index further by showing that it predicted several race-/ethnicity-specific outcomes that prior research has connected with honor (e.g., homicide rates, suicide rates). This new index equips researchers with a more nuanced understanding of U.S. honor cultures and a measure that can be used in future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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