{"title":"With or Without You? People Feel Less Autonomous During Social Interactions, Except With Close Others.","authors":"Elaine Hoan, Geoff MacDonald, Jessie Sun","doi":"10.1177/01461672251378784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251378784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social interaction bolsters well-being and relatedness. However, less is known about costs of social interaction, such as loss of autonomy. Here, we test a potential autonomy-relatedness tradeoff. College student participants completed experience sampling method self-reports (<i>N</i> = 352, 10,046 observations) of their social interactions, feelings of social connectedness, autonomy, and positive affect in the past hour. Participants reported lower autonomy when socially interacting compared with being alone. This was especially true for people with higher levels of attachment avoidance. Crucially, interaction partner matters: Compared with being alone, people report lower autonomy when interacting with non-close others, similar levels of autonomy when interacting with friends and family, and higher autonomy when interacting with romantic partners. These findings provide ecologically valid evidence for an autonomy-relatedness tradeoff during social interactions with non-close others but show that interactions with romantic partners uniquely fulfill both autonomy and relatedness needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3336-3348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13507498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grateful for What and Whom? How Gratitude List Content Varies and Is Associated With Affective Responses.","authors":"Yoobin Park, Elissa S Epel, Emiliana Simon-Thomas","doi":"10.1177/01461672261485365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261485365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A gratitude list activity, whereby one recalls and writes down things they are grateful for, is a well-studied intervention known to confer an immediate and even prolonged boost in well-being. However, the specific content people reflect on, and how it relates to affective evaluations and the impact of the intervention, remains underexplored. Using data from a global online study (<i>N</i> = 19,265), we applied natural language processing to examine the content of gratitude lists, identifying 16 thematic clusters, with the most common one focused on social relationships. Next, we examined and found various sociodemographic and psychological differences in people's gratitude list content. Further, mentioning themes related to family or nature was associated with greater increases in positivity following the activity. Overall, our findings highlight individual differences in what people naturally think of during this popular intervention and suggest opportunities for personalized modifications to enhance adherence to and effectiveness of the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261485365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Safe Town? Ostensible State or County Racial Climate Impacts Perceptions of Town-Level Racial Identity-Safety Cues.","authors":"Izilda Pereira-Jorge, Kim E Chaney","doi":"10.1177/01461672261483312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261483312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identity-safety cues (ISCs) are environmental signals that indicate one's marginalized identity is valued. ISC contextual information may impact town evaluations. Over three experiments (<i>N</i> = 1,107), we examine how single or multiple ISCs posted across storefronts (i.e., Black lives matter flag, Study 1-3) and the racial climate surrounding a hypothetical town (Study 2-3) impact attributions of ISC motives and town evaluations. Racial minorities and Black Americans perceived greater external diversity motives (e.g., social pressure) of a storefront with an ISC when all other storefronts had an ISC compared to when no other storefronts had an ISC (Study 1-3). Ostensible state- and county-level racially egalitarian climates elicited greater expectations of internal diversity motives and positive town evaluations (e.g., greater progressive policies, quality of life, Black residents) compared to prejudicial racial climates and towns with a single ISC (Study 2-3). Findings demonstrate the need to consider multiple levels of ISCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261483312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa K Castro, Serena Chen, Joseph M Ocampo, Amie M Gordon, Emily A Impett, Max Weisbuch
{"title":"Is Authenticity Perceptible? Accuracy in Judgments of State Authenticity From Expressive Behavior.","authors":"Vanessa K Castro, Serena Chen, Joseph M Ocampo, Amie M Gordon, Emily A Impett, Max Weisbuch","doi":"10.1177/01461672261481957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261481957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substantial research provides evidence that being <i>perceived</i> as authentic benefits well-being and relationships, but under-examined is whether perceptions of authenticity are accurate. Across five studies, we tested whether perceivers can accurately discern others' state authenticity. In Studies 1 to 3, we investigated correspondence between perceived and felt authenticity within acquainted dyads. Romantic partners accurately discerned each other's authenticity after making sacrifices (Study 1) and after discussing a topic of personal distress and desired partner change (Study 2). However, partners failed to accurately perceive each other's felt authenticity when discussing relationship conflict (Study 3), possibly impacted by cognitive or motivational processes elicited by the relatively high interpersonal stakes at play in conflict. In Studies 4A and 4B, outside observers were sensitive to authenticity differences in participants from Study 3 when watching thin-slice videos of the conflict conversations. Overall, we discuss the importance of authenticity for impression formation and close relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261481957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maximilian A Primbs, Nicolas Sommet, Gijsbert Bijlstra, B Keith Payne, Ruddy Faure, Tessa A M Lansu, Rob W Holland, Amanda B Diekman, Heidi A Vuletich
{"title":"On Confederate Monuments, Their Removal and Racial Bias.","authors":"Maximilian A Primbs, Nicolas Sommet, Gijsbert Bijlstra, B Keith Payne, Ruddy Faure, Tessa A M Lansu, Rob W Holland, Amanda B Diekman, Heidi A Vuletich","doi":"10.1177/01461672261480534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261480534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of Confederate monuments and their removal has been a frequent topic of societal discussion in the United States. Taking a situational perspective (i.e. the Bias of Crowds model), the present paper investigated whether the presence of Confederate monuments and their removal from an area causally affect the racial biases of people in that area. Across multiple large-scale data analyses (<i>N<sub>1</sub></i> = 1,753,557), online experiments (<i>N<sub>2a</sub></i> = 1,164, <i>N</i><sub>2b</sub> = 416, <i>N</i><sub>3</sub> = 537), and a field study (<i>N<sub>4</sub></i> = 176), we found no evidence that the presence or removal of Confederate monuments reliably affects the implicit (or explicit) racial biases of people. We discuss implications for situational models of bias and best research practices for conducting geographical difference studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261480534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approach-Avoidance Tendencies Across Societies: How Mobility and Competition Shape Human Motivation.","authors":"Kuan-Ju Huang, Yen-Ling Chen, Yan Li, Xian Zhao","doi":"10.1177/01461672261481234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261481234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approach and avoidance are two foundational systems that drive human behavior. Although these systems are generally considered to be shaped by neurobiological factors, approach and avoidance tendencies vary systematically across societies. However, there is currently no framework that explains these cross-societal variations. We propose a socioecological framework to explain how environments with varying levels of relational mobility and societal competition shape individuals' sensitivity toward reward (i.e., approach) or punishment (i.e., avoidance). Using five studies involving individuals from China, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States (<i>N</i> = 3,639), we found a complex pattern of approach and avoidance tendencies across societies. Specifically, Japanese participants are more avoidance-oriented than U.S. participants, while Chinese and Taiwanese participants are as or more approach-oriented than their U.S. counterparts. These variations were associated with the ecologies of relational mobility and societal competition. Together, these findings offer a novel mobility-competition framework for understanding societal differences in human motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261481234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bridging the Political Divide: Meta-Humanization and Moral Emotions Shape Partisan Reconciliation.","authors":"Melissa Pavetich, Sofia Stathi","doi":"10.1177/01461672261481208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261481208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an era of deepening political polarization, understanding how partisans believe they are perceived by ideological opponents is critical for explaining both hostility and conciliation. Across five studies (<i>N</i> = 1,541) conducted in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada, we examine how meta-humanization, perceiving that one's political ingroup is seen as fully human by the outgroup, shapes moral emotional responses and downstream intergroup attitudes. Specifically, we test anger, disgust, and empathy as parallel mediators linking meta-humanization to affective polarization, negotiation, teamwork, and willingness for out-party contact, while examining perceived threat to social cohesion as a moderator. Across studies, meta-humanization reliably predicts more conciliatory intergroup attitudes, with disgust emerging as the primary affective pathway. Our findings advance theory on meta-perceptions by demonstrating that meta-humanization shapes political attitudes through moral emotion regulation, and by identifying threat to social cohesion as a condition that, under moderate levels, drives these processes. Implications for understanding and mitigating identity-based conflicts in polarized political climates are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261481208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shifting Selves-The (In)flexibility of Part-White Mixed-Race Identities in Response to Identity Rejection and Acceptance.","authors":"Anna X Huang, Juliane Degner","doi":"10.1177/01461672261478683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261478683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores identity shifts among part-White mixed-race individuals in response to identity acceptance and rejection. Two experiments (<i>N</i> = 256 and <i>N</i> = 337) examined how such experiences influence the strength of White, Minoritized, and Mixed identification. Participants recalled and described an experience of acceptance or rejection from a racial-ethnic ingroup. We assessed White, Minoritized, and Mixed identification both weeks before and immediately after this manipulation. Results consistently showed that participants increased identification with an accepting ingroup but did not decrease identification with a rejecting ingroup. Furthermore, changes in one identification did not correspond to complementary changes in another. These findings challenge the assumption that identity shifts follow a hydraulic zero-sum pattern, implying a more complex and fluid process. Our research advances understanding of identity dynamics of mixed-race individuals with one White and one Minoritized parent and suggests that models should be refined to account for non-compensatory identity changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261478683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Regulatory Goals on the Disclosure of Self-presentational Vulnerabilities.","authors":"Sohyun Bae, Natalie Truong Faust, Sharon Ng","doi":"10.1177/01461672261478729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261478729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals often disclose their self-presentational vulnerabilities, including the use of counterfeit products or weight-loss medications. Yet, despite the commonality of such vulnerable self-disclosure, little is known about who discloses, why they do so, and when they choose to reveal or conceal these vulnerabilities. Addressing that gap, we examine how regulatory focus and relationship closeness jointly shape the disclosure of self-presentational vulnerabilities. Across eight studies, we find that prevention-focused (vs. promotion-focused) individuals are more willing to disclose self-presentational vulnerabilities to close others, but not to distant others. We further find that this effect occurs because prevention-focused (vs. promotion-focused) individuals more strongly believe that disclosing such vulnerable information to close others can strengthen their interpersonal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261478729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary N Grey, Paul Bloom, Jason E Plaks, Yoel Inbar
{"title":"Diverging Effects of Deliberation: How Perceived Thoughtfulness About Political Issues Affects Character Judgments.","authors":"Zachary N Grey, Paul Bloom, Jason E Plaks, Yoel Inbar","doi":"10.1177/01461672261478731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672261478731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across three studies (<i>N</i> = 896), we examined the effects of perceived deliberation and political (dis)agreement on moral character judgments. We tested whether targets who agree or disagree with the participant on a political issue are evaluated more positively when they are described as deliberating (vs. not deliberating). Results showed that in cases of agreement, there was no effect of deliberation on moral character judgments. This was because deliberators were seen as less certain (which was associated with more negative evaluations) but also more thoughtful (which was associated with more positive evaluations). However, in cases of disagreement, deliberation led to more positive moral character judgments. This was because deliberators were again seen as less certain and more thoughtful, but both perceptions were associated with more positive evaluations. These findings suggest that perceived deliberation makes disagreement more palatable and that people are less concerned with how like-minded people reach their conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672261478731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}