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Prepare to Compare: Effects of an Intervention Involving Upward and Downward Social Comparisons on Goal Pursuit in Daily Life. 准备比较：涉及上行和下行社会比较的干预措施对日常生活目标追求的影响。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231219378
Kathi Diel, Wilhelm Hofmann, Sonja Grelle, Lea Boecker, Malte Friese
{"title":"Prepare to Compare: Effects of an Intervention Involving Upward and Downward Social Comparisons on Goal Pursuit in Daily Life.","authors":"Kathi Diel, Wilhelm Hofmann, Sonja Grelle, Lea Boecker, Malte Friese","doi":"10.1177/01461672231219378","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231219378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a preregistered ecological momentary intervention study, we alternately instructed participants to adopt an upward and downward comparison focus. In all, 349 participants reported 8,137 social comparison situations across 6 days and three comparison conditions (baseline, upward, downward). For each comparison, participants reported social comparison direction, motivation, effort intentions, and emotions in five daily reports and one daily end-of-day summary. As predicted, an upward comparison focus resulted in more self-improvement motivation (pushing) and more negative emotions, whereas days with a downward comparison focus resulted in decreased motivation (coasting) but more positive emotions (vs. baseline). However, at the end of the day, people experienced lower goal approach on upward but higher goal approach on downward comparison days. Hence, engaging in strategic upward comparison was motivating in the short term but resulted in surprisingly opposite effects at the end of the day. We offer possible explanations from cognitive and motivational perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1523-1537"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Personality Trait Change Across a Major Global Stressor. 全球重大压力下的人格特质变化。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241228624
Kalista M Kyle, Brett Q Ford, Emily C Willroth
{"title":"Personality Trait Change Across a Major Global Stressor.","authors":"Kalista M Kyle, Brett Q Ford, Emily C Willroth","doi":"10.1177/01461672241228624","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241228624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current research examined three related questions in a 21-month longitudinal study of a diverse sample of U.S. participants (<i>N</i> = 504): (a) How did Big Five traits change during the COVID-19 pandemic? (b) What factors were associated with individual differences in trait change? and (c) How was Big Five trait change associated with downstream well-being, mental health, and physical health? On average, across the 21-month study period, conscientiousness increased slightly, and extraversion decreased slightly. Individual trajectories varied around these average trajectories, and although few factors predicted these individual differences, greater increases in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness, and greater decreases in neuroticism were associated better well-being and fewer mental and physical health symptoms. The present research provides evidence that traits can change in the context of a major global stressor and that socially desirable patterns of trait change are associated with better health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1716-1730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139932295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Personality and Well-Being Across and Within Relationship Status. 不同关系状态下的人格和幸福感。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231225571
Elaine Hoan, Geoff MacDonald
{"title":"Personality and Well-Being Across and Within Relationship Status.","authors":"Elaine Hoan, Geoff MacDonald","doi":"10.1177/01461672231225571","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231225571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trends of increasing singlehood call for understanding of well-being correlates across and within relationship status. While personality is a major predictor of well-being, descriptive trait profiles of singles have not been developed. In the present research (<i>N</i> = 1,811; 53% men; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 29), single and partnered individuals completed measures of personality and well-being, including life, relationship status, and sexual satisfaction. Results revealed effects whereby single individuals were lower in extraversion and conscientiousness but higher in neuroticism. Additional facet analyses showed that singles were lower across all extraversion facets, but specifically lower in productiveness (conscientiousness facet) and higher in depression (neuroticism facet). Largely, personality was associated with well-being similarly for single and partnered people. Furthermore, relationship status accounted for variance in well-being above and beyond personality traits. Our results suggest individual differences in personality could play an important role in understanding well-being's link with relationship status.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1648-1663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Need Support and Need Thwarting: A Meta-Analysis of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness Supportive and Thwarting Behaviors in Student Populations. 需求支持与需求阻挠：学生群体中自主性、能力和相关性支持行为与阻挠行为的元分析》（A Meta-Analysis of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness Supportive and Thwarting Beaviors in Student Populations）。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231225364
Joshua L Howard, Gavin R Slemp, Xiao Wang
{"title":"Need Support and Need Thwarting: A Meta-Analysis of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness Supportive and Thwarting Behaviors in Student Populations.","authors":"Joshua L Howard, Gavin R Slemp, Xiao Wang","doi":"10.1177/01461672231225364","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231225364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this meta-analysis, we review the nomological networks of six need-supportive and need-thwarting categories, as defined by self-determination theory (SDT), and as they apply to students in educational contexts. We conducted a synthesis of 8693 correlations from 637 samples (<i>N</i> = 388,912). A total of 72 covariates were examined, resulting in 183 meta-analytic effects reported. Results indicate that teachers and parents who experience psychological need satisfaction and well-being are seen as more supportive. Supportive teacher behaviors correlated positively with a range of desired student outcomes, including performance, engagement, and well-being. Thwarting behaviors tended to display the opposite pattern. Our results are consistent with the theoretical expectations of SDT, yet questions remain concerning the incremental validity of these constructs. We highlight the need for further research on (a) factors that cause teachers to provide support and (b) the specific behaviors within each category to distinguish these categories and increase practical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1552-1573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Values in Context: The (Dis)connections Between Moral Foundations and Moral Conviction. 语境中的价值观：道德基础与道德信念之间的（不）联系。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231224992
Paul E Teas, Brittany E Hanson, Ana Leal, Lindsay M Novak, Linda J Skitka
{"title":"Values in Context: The (Dis)connections Between Moral Foundations and Moral Conviction.","authors":"Paul E Teas, Brittany E Hanson, Ana Leal, Lindsay M Novak, Linda J Skitka","doi":"10.1177/01461672231224992","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231224992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moral foundations theory (MFT) argues that liberals and conservatives form different moral positions because liberals emphasize the values of harm and fairness, whereas conservatives emphasize the values of group loyalty, authority, and purity. In five studies (total <i>N</i> = 3,327), we investigated whether political orientation moderated the relationship between the perceived relevance of each moral foundation and moral conviction (i.e., the extent to which one perceives their attitude as based on morality) across four issues. Political differences in this relationship emerged but were inconsistent across issues and did not always align with the predictions of MFT or several other theoretical explanations. Our findings together with previous research indicate that MFT may do a better job predicting attitude position than it does predicting whether people perceive that their attitudes are moral convictions, and that some foundations may reflect conventional rather than moral values (e.g., authority).</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1587-1605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financial Mindfulness: A Scale. 理财意识：量表。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241265995
Emily N Garbinsky, Simon J Blanchard, Lena Kim
{"title":"Financial Mindfulness: A Scale.","authors":"Emily N Garbinsky, Simon J Blanchard, Lena Kim","doi":"10.1177/01461672241265995","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241265995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of mindfulness has enjoyed much resonance among researchers. Despite this past work, we argue there is a need for a domain-specific conceptualization and measure of <i>financial</i> mindfulness (FM). We first define FM as \"the tendency to be highly aware of one's current objective financial state while possessing an acceptance of that state,\" and, second, develop and validate an eight-item scale to measure individual differences in FM. This article has nine studies, including a field survey administered by a financial services provider to examine actual behavior. Importantly, the FM-Scale is associated with financial behaviors (i.e., sunk cost bias) above and beyond related scales (i.e., money management stress, self-control, and general mindfulness). To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to provide a succinct way to measure FM that incorporates elements of both awareness and acceptance, highlighting the role of financial acceptance specifically.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1793-1809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived Zero-Sum Competition Between Asian Americans and Black Americans. 亚裔美国人和黑人之间的零和竞争。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251365061
Jin X Goh, Taylor Douglas
{"title":"Perceived Zero-Sum Competition Between Asian Americans and Black Americans.","authors":"Jin X Goh, Taylor Douglas","doi":"10.1177/01461672251365061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251365061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2023 Supreme Court decisions on affirmative action revealed the frayed relations between Asian and Black Americans. The gains that Black Americans have made were seen as coming at the expense of Asian Americans, suggesting a potential zero-sum perception. Three studies (<i>N</i> = 1,475 CloudResearch online participants) examined the extent to which Asian, Black, and White Americans perceived a zero-sum competition between Asian and Black people. Studies 1 and 2 showed that Asian and White participants were more likely than Black participants to endorse the zero-sum belief that Asian Americans are losing to Black Americans. Studies 2 and 3 showed that participants perceived Asian Americans as losing more to White than Black people. Study 3 found that when Asian Americans perceived the Asian-Black relations in zero-sum terms, they were less supportive of Black people and perceived less support from Black people, but belief in Asian-White competition predicted stronger pro-Black sentiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251365061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expression of Concern: "Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: When Cheating Leads to Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting". 关注表达：“不诚实的行为，问心无愧：当欺骗导致道德脱离和动机性遗忘”。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251372058
{"title":"Expression of Concern: \"Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: When Cheating Leads to Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/01461672251372058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251372058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251372058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing Education and Accountability as Moderators of the Self-Interest Bias in Moral Character Judgments. 测试教育和问责制对道德品质判断中自利偏见的调节作用。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251364308
Yong Lu, Katarzyna Miazek, Konrad Bocian
{"title":"Testing Education and Accountability as Moderators of the Self-Interest Bias in Moral Character Judgments.","authors":"Yong Lu, Katarzyna Miazek, Konrad Bocian","doi":"10.1177/01461672251364308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251364308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The self-interest bias describes an inclination of people to evaluate transgressors morally better when the latter's actions serve the former's interests. Effective interventions to mitigate this type of self-serving bias remain underexplored. The current research investigates education and accountability as potential moderators of this bias. In preregistered Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 668), as predicted, educating participants about the self-interest bias eliminated its effect on their moral character judgments. However, across three preregistered accountability studies (<i>N</i> = 2,239), holding participants accountable for their judgments did not attenuate the bias. Similarly, in preregistered Study 5 (<i>N</i> = 641), we found no evidence of a combined effect of education and accountability on reducing the bias. These findings suggest that while increasing awareness through education may effectively reduce biased moral judgments, accountability, especially when lacking external scrutiny or consequences, does not. Theoretical implications, methodological limitations, and future research opportunities are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251364308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Leader's Forgiveness Backfires: Consequences on Trust and a Potential Mitigation Strategy. 当领导者的宽恕适得其反：信任的后果和潜在的缓解策略。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/01461672251354896
Minjoo Joo
{"title":"When Leader's Forgiveness Backfires: Consequences on Trust and a Potential Mitigation Strategy.","authors":"Minjoo Joo","doi":"10.1177/01461672251354896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251354896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When leaders forgive, does it influence follower trust? This study examines whether forgiveness creates an integrity-benevolence dilemma for leaders, potentially reducing follower trust. Across three studies (<i>N</i> = 1,235), findings reveal that forgiveness has a dual impact: it decreases integrity-based trust while enhancing benevolence-based trust. These findings were consistent across studies with controlled scenarios depicting typical organizational misconduct and a behavioral experiment with real stakes. Moreover, the negative impact of forgiveness on integrity-based trust was more pronounced in cases involving moral transgressions rather than competence, and when the consequences of the misconduct were severe (Study 1). However, when leaders explicitly articulated the moral principles behind their forgiveness, the negative effect on integrity was mitigated (Studies 2 and 3). These findings offer theoretical insights into leader forgiveness and trust as well as practical guidance for leaders to manage the forgiveness dilemma effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1461672251354896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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