{"title":"Spiritual Formidability Predicts the Will to Self-Sacrifice Through Collective Narcissism.","authors":"Juana Chinchilla, Angel Gomez","doi":"10.1177/01461672251394485","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251394485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceiving the ingroup as spiritually formidable-with inner strength and conviction-is strongly associated with the will to self-sacrifice. Yet, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Across five studies, we test a mechanism through which spiritual formidability operates: collective narcissism-the belief that the ingroup is exceptional but not sufficiently recognized by others. A preliminary study showed that collective narcissism, but not ingroup satisfaction, predicted costly pro-group sacrifices. Studies 1a and 1b revealed that, among inmates belonging to street gangs or delinquent bands, the perceived spiritual formidability of the ingroup was associated with collective narcissism and willingness to engage in costly pro-group sacrifices. In addition, the effect of perceived spiritual formidability on costly sacrifices was mediated by collective narcissism. Study 2 replicated and extended the effects to self-sacrifice for religion among imprisoned jihadists. Finally, Study 3 offered causal evidence of the mediation among members of the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3953-3967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruri Takizawa, Stefanie Marx-Fleck, Alina Gerlach, Gudela Grote
{"title":"The Role of Uncertainty Mindsets in Shaping Diversity Attitudes and Their Downstream Effects on Commitment to Societal Change and Right-Wing Populist Voting.","authors":"Ruri Takizawa, Stefanie Marx-Fleck, Alina Gerlach, Gudela Grote","doi":"10.1177/01461672251386487","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251386487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How people respond to uncertainty has far-reaching socio-political consequences. When perceived as fixed and threatening, individuals may gravitate toward ideologies that undermine intergroup relations and social cohesion. We examined whether fostering an <i>uncertainty-as-enabling</i> mindset (viewing uncertainty as malleable and an opportunity) promotes positive diversity attitudes and indirectly affects commitment to societal change and support for right-wing populism. During Germany's 2025 federal election, we ran a 3-month online study with German citizens (<i>N</i> = 745). Participants who received an uncertainty mindset intervention (vs. control) reported a higher uncertainty-as-enabling mindset, which was linked to stronger commitment to societal change through higher perceived productivity of diversity and lower aversion to intergroup contact. The mindset was also linked to a lower likelihood of voting for a right-wing populist party via the same pathways. Shifting how individuals appraise uncertainty may thus be a promising strategy for strengthening democratic resilience by cultivating openness to diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3673-3687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"National Identity and Voting in a Stateless Region: Evidence From Kurdistan.","authors":"Lewend Mayiwar, Narin Khalida Akrawi","doi":"10.1177/01461672251370785","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251370785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Voting is a pillar of democracy, yet its psychological correlates remain understudied outside the West. We examine how national identity predicts voting among Kurds in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, a politically autonomous yet stateless region with a long history of ethnic persecution and struggles for recognition. Voter turnout has remained high in regional Kurdish elections but has dropped to a historical low in Iraqi parliamentary elections, reflecting public disillusionment. Using a large, representative sample (<i>N</i> = 1,072), we found that national identity predicted both intended voting in the then-upcoming Kurdish elections and actual participation in the 2021 Iraqi elections. These associations also occurred indirectly via trust in government and life satisfaction and held after controlling for various psychological and sociodemographic variables. These findings suggest that a strong national identity may help sustain civic engagement even amid ongoing political and economic instability, and uncertainty over the region's future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3547-3563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence for the Sexuality-as-Gendered Framework From Interpersonal Contact.","authors":"P J Henry, Matthew Nielson, Kate Hawks","doi":"10.1177/01461672251380308","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251380308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People's beliefs about sexual minorities are intertwined with their beliefs about gender (i.e., the sexuality-as-gendered framework), leading to the prediction that the amount of friendly contact with sexual minorities will be related to one's beliefs about gender. We test this prediction across two studies (total <i>N</i> = 860), to show that reported friendships with sexual minorities relate not only to beliefs about sexual minorities, but also to attitudes toward people who are gender atypical, beliefs about traditional gender roles and norms, and endorsement of different versions of sexism. Our findings indicate that the sexuality-as-gendered framework involves not only people's cognitions in terms of beliefs and attitudes, but also the types of interpersonal relationships they maintain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3598-3614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximizers Abandon More Before Decisions, Regret More After Decisions, and Re-Maximize More for Second-Time Decisions: Real-World Analysis of Online Consumer Behaviors.","authors":"Xiaoyu Ge, Xiaomeng Zhang, Qianyi Li, Zhao Zhang, Yubo Hou","doi":"10.1177/01461672251385756","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251385756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maximizers, as opposed to satisficers, are defined as decision-makers who consider many alternatives to make the best choice. We adopted records in Taobao (the largest e-commerce platform in China) in 2022 to quantify individual maximization strategy inclination (the number of within-subcategory items that a consumer account considers prior to a first-time purchase). Using this index, we examined whether real-world behaviors in Taobao could be explained by three aspects of theories suggested by previous studies on maximizers, namely, pre-purchase decision paralysis, post-purchase regret (maximization paradox), and the Sisyphus effect. The results revealed that maximizers (vs. non-maximizers) are more likely to end decision-making processes with abandonment, rely on their evaluations instead of those of others, ruminate alternatives even after decisions, retract decisions, and express dissatisfaction about decisions. When evaluating options for the second time, maximizers even construct a larger candidate option set. Most between-person effects remained significant after controlling within-person variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3805-3825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katy Y Y Tam, Wijnand A P van Tilburg, Christian S Chan, Michael Inzlicht
{"title":"Meaning and Attention Intertwined: Experimental and Experience-Sampling Findings.","authors":"Katy Y Y Tam, Wijnand A P van Tilburg, Christian S Chan, Michael Inzlicht","doi":"10.1177/01461672251383966","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251383966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How does one attain meaning? Though pivotal to well-being, this question has been explored mainly within symbolic and philosophical domains, with little focus on its cognitive processes. We present a theoretical integration of meaning and attention, followed by five studies investigating their relationship in lab experiments and everyday life (total <i>N</i> = 1,654). Experimental findings indicate that meaning increased attention (Studies 1 and 3), and attention increased meaning, but only when meaning could be found in a stimulus (Studies 2a, 2b, and 3). An experience-sampling study further reveals a positive meaning-attention association at dispositional, situational, and cross-levels (Study 4). Across varied daily activities, participants reported greater meaning when they paid more attention. These studies also explored the interplay of meaning and attention with boredom, negative emotions, and subjective well-being. Together, our results suggest that paying attention during everyday activities can, in some instances, enhance the experience of meaning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3642-3658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145489992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Face of Left-Wing Dissent: Progressives and Traditional Liberals Generate Divergently Negative and Positive Representations of J.K. Rowling.","authors":"Elena A Magazin, Geoffrey Haddock, Travis Proulx","doi":"10.1177/01461672251378189","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251378189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent perspectives have challenged the view that left-wingers are less likely to derogate out-group members. Building on research demonstrating heightened out-group derogation by Progressive (vs. Traditional Liberal) left-wingers, we examined whether Progressives and Traditional Liberals differentially tolerate in-group dissenters on the issue of gender identity. Using reverse correlation, Study 1 found that the Progressive-generated face of J.K. Rowling (a prominent gender critical left-winger) was evaluated negatively, while the Traditional Liberal-generated face was evaluated positively. Study 2 found that in both abstract (general description) and concrete (public figure) presentations, faces of left-wing in-group members expressing gender critical views were judged more negatively than self-identification faces, with Progressive-generated gender critical faces evaluated more negatively than Traditional Liberals-generated faces. Replicating Study 1, the Rowling face generated by Traditional Liberals was evaluated positively. These findings suggest an ideological asymmetry of derogation within left-wing kinds, offering evidence of opposing representations of a dissenting in-group target.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3615-3631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awe Promotes Perspective-Taking via Self-Transcendence: Implications for Cooperation.","authors":"Jiali Zhang, Chongzeng Bi","doi":"10.1177/01461672251382714","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251382714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research identifies awe as an emotional factor that promotes perspective-taking. Utilizing a multi-method approach, we systematically investigate the influence of awe on perspective-taking, exploring its mechanisms and downstream consequences. We consistently found that awe is associated with (Studies 2 and 4) and promotes (Studies 1, 3, and 5) perspective-taking, with self-transcendence mediating this relationship (Studies 3, 4, and 5). Furthermore, the downstream effects of awe and perspective-taking manifest in association with (Study 4) and promote cooperative behavior (Study 5). The impact of awe on perspective-taking was not reducible to its positive valence (Study 1), and the mediation model was established beyond the influence of the small self (Study 3). These findings enrich the research on the relationship between emotions and perspective-taking, emphasizing the role of awe in promoting social cohesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3688-3703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moral Stereotyping: A Surface-Based Cue Promotes the Use of Generalized Morality at an Early Stage of Human Interactions.","authors":"Akiko Matsuo, Taiji Ueno","doi":"10.1177/01461672251384355","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251384355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Generalized morality refers to the use of prior knowledge of others' morality to infer unknown aspects of morality, which is a crucial heuristic for obtaining cooperative partners in a large society. This research investigated how information is used for generalized morality. It was predicted that group-level generalized morality, or moral stereotyping, would come first when the information is limited, thereby people rely on a surface cue. As information increases, they come to use individual-level generalized morality, which is shown by Jackson et al. Following Jackson et al., the current research employed an agent-based modeling (Study 1) and human study (Study 2). Study 1 found that participants used moral stereotyping first in their interactions when the visual cue-morality association was salient. Study 2 also showed the same trend. This research worked as a replication of the previous study and as an important extension to understanding how moral cognition develops.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3704-3719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nickola C Overall, Jessica A Maxwell, Amy Muise, Nina Waddell, Auguste G Harrington
{"title":"Actor Power and Perceived Partner Power Differentially Relate to Sexual Behavior and Motivations.","authors":"Nickola C Overall, Jessica A Maxwell, Amy Muise, Nina Waddell, Auguste G Harrington","doi":"10.1177/01461672251390006","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672251390006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assertively pursuing sexual needs versus complying or accommodating to partner's sexual desires has considerable implications. We apply and integrate general theories of power to identify how people's own power (actor power) and perceptions of their partner's power (perceived partner power) differentially relate to sexual behaviors and motivations in woman-man relationships. Across three studies (total <i>N</i> = 995), actors' power predicted sexual approach-inhibition: actors higher in power reported more comfort initiating and refusing sex, more assertive sexual communication, and less sexual compliance. By contrast, perceived partner power predicted sexual accommodation-neglect: when partners were perceived to be higher in power, actors expressed greater willingness to compromise and sexual communal strength, and greater understanding when partners rejected sex. These distinct effects were not magnified by asymmetries in perceived power, nor did they differ across gender. Facilitating actor and partner power in intimate relationships should reduce rather than amplify harmful sexual behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3904-3923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}