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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin最新文献

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All You Nonconformists Are (Not) All Alike: Dissociable Social Stereotypes of Mavericks and Contrarians. 你们这些不守规矩的人（并不）都一样：特立独行者和反叛者的社会刻板印象。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-24 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231217630
Brian W Haas, W Keith Campbell, Xiaobin Lou, Rowena J Xia
{"title":"All You Nonconformists Are (Not) All Alike: Dissociable Social Stereotypes of Mavericks and Contrarians.","authors":"Brian W Haas, W Keith Campbell, Xiaobin Lou, Rowena J Xia","doi":"10.1177/01461672231217630","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231217630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While some people easily align themselves with others, others find themselves less aligned with sociocultural norms (e.g., nonconformists). Though people outside the mainstream tend to capture societies' attention, very little is known regarding how nonconformists are construed. In these studies, we investigated how different types of nonconformists are stereotyped. We sought to elucidate common and dissociable social stereotypes of two types of nonconformity; <i>mavericks</i> and <i>contrarians</i>, driven toward independence versus being different, respectively. We found that mavericks are construed as highly competent and conscientious, well suited for leadership roles, and more likely to be male, older, and satisfied with their life. Contrarians are construed as highly social, low in warmth and agreeableness, highly neurotic, well suited for roles involving creativity and self-expression, and more likely to be female, younger, and less satisfied with their lives. We situate these findings within models linking cultural context with conformity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1847-1864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of Unethical Behavior on Self-Esteem: A Contingent Dual-Process Model. 不道德行为对自尊的影响：权变双过程模型。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241236983
Yuan Liang, Lingling Huang, Li Liu, Xuyun Tan, Deyun Ren
{"title":"Impacts of Unethical Behavior on Self-Esteem: A Contingent Dual-Process Model.","authors":"Yuan Liang, Lingling Huang, Li Liu, Xuyun Tan, Deyun Ren","doi":"10.1177/01461672241236983","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241236983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have reported mixed findings on how and why unethical behavior affects self-esteem. To address this issue, a contingent dual-process model is proposed and tested. The model postulates a negative impact of unethical behavior on self-esteem through decreased morality, a positive effect through increased competence, and the relative strength of these two paths depending on system-justifying motives. Studies using unethical behavior for self-interest (Studies 1 and 2), involving ingroup interest (Study 3), and measuring (Studies 1 and 3) and manipulating general system justification (Study 2) provide support for the model. By identifying the effects of system-justifying motives and linking the two competing paths, the model reconciles inconsistencies in previous research regarding how self-esteem is influenced by unethical behavior and reveals the underlying mechanism of this association. Accordingly, the current research constructs a motivational and superordinate framework to clarify the dynamic consequences of unethical behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1897-1910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Volitional Change in Pathological Traits: Can People Change Their Maladaptive Traits? 病态特质的意志改变：人们能改变自己的不良性格吗？
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235737
Sierra M Rufino, Nathan W Hudson, Julia L Briskin
{"title":"Volitional Change in Pathological Traits: Can People Change Their Maladaptive Traits?","authors":"Sierra M Rufino, Nathan W Hudson, Julia L Briskin","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235737","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241235737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests people want to change their normative personality traits-and they can volitionally do so. However, studies have not yet addressed volitional change in pathological personality. Consequently, the current study examined (a) people's desires to change pathological traits, (b) whether these change goals predict subsequent trait change, (c) whether this withstands controlling normative traits, and (d) the extent to which pathological trait change predicts relevant outcomes. College students (<i>N</i> = 463) self-reported their pathological traits weekly for up to 16 weeks. People with elevated pathological traits generally desired to decrease these traits. Furthermore, goals to change negative affectivity and disinhibition predicted corresponding trait change. Thus, people want to reduce their pathological traits-and they may be able to do so for some traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1815-1829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140140583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prototypes of Victims of Workplace Harassment. 工作场所骚扰受害者的原型。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235388
Ignazio Ziano, Evan Polman
{"title":"Prototypes of Victims of Workplace Harassment.","authors":"Ignazio Ziano, Evan Polman","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235388","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241235388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>What do people think of when they think of workplace harassment? In 13 pre-registered studies with French, British, and U.S. American adult participants (<i>N</i> = 3,892), we conducted a multi-method investigation into people's <i>social prototypes</i> of victims of workplace harassment. We found people imagined such victims in physically, socially, psychologically, and economically different ways compared with non-victims: for example, as less attractive, more introverted, and paid less. In addition, we found ambiguous harassment leveled against a prototypical (vs. non-prototypical) victim was more likely to be classified as harassment, and perceived to cause the victim more psychological pain. As such, both lay-people and professionals wanted to punish harassers of victims who \"fit the prototype\" more. Notably, providing people with instructions to ignore a victim's personal description and instead assess the harassment behavior did not reduce the prototype effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1830-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140140582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Taking Stock and Looking Forward to the Future of Pathogen Politics in Light of New Insights and Recommendations: COVID-19 Threat Was Meaningfully Associated With Support for Liberal Policies in the United States. 根据新的见解和建议总结并展望病原体政治的未来：COVID-19 的威胁与美国自由政策的支持度密切相关。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241240903
Michael Edem Fiagbenu
{"title":"Taking Stock and Looking Forward to the Future of Pathogen Politics in Light of New Insights and Recommendations: COVID-19 Threat Was Meaningfully Associated With Support for Liberal Policies in the United States.","authors":"Michael Edem Fiagbenu","doi":"10.1177/01461672241240903","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241240903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious disease outbreaks are expected to predict support for conservative policies. However, earlier studies (January-June, 2020) reached conflicting findings regarding the association between COVID-19 threat and policy preferences in the United States. We revisit this issue by analyzing five nationally representative surveys conducted during the relatively severe periods of the pandemic (August 2020-December, 2020; total <i>N</i> = 82,753). Using Bayesian inference, we find strong evidence that subjective (e.g., fear of infection and pandemic outrage) but not objective (e.g., local cases and deaths) threat predicted support for liberal policies (e.g., immigration and universal health care). Meta-analyses revealed that the estimates depend on the type of subjective (.05 ≥ <i>r</i> ≤ .60) or objective (.00 ≥ <i>r</i> ≤ .14) COVID-19 threat. We propose an emotion-mediated dual-process model of pathogen management suggesting that infectious disease outbreaks activate both avoidance and caregiving motives that translate, respectively, into support for right-wing and left-wing policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"2031-2049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nostalgia, Ritual Engagement, and Meaning in Life. 怀旧、仪式参与和人生意义。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235740
Yige Yin, Tonglin Jiang, Tim Wildschut, Constantine Sedikides
{"title":"Nostalgia, Ritual Engagement, and Meaning in Life.","authors":"Yige Yin, Tonglin Jiang, Tim Wildschut, Constantine Sedikides","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235740","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241235740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rituals are pervasive and beneficial. Little is known, however, about causes or antecedents of ritual engagement. We hypothesized that nostalgia-a sentimental longing for one's past-promotes ritual engagement, which in turn augments meaning in life. We tested this hypothesis in five methodologically diverse studies. In Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 311), nostalgia was positively associated with ritual engagement. In Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 188), nostalgia promoted ritual engagement, and in Study 3 (<i>N</i> = 296), it did so over engagement in a neutral task. In Study 4 (<i>N</i> = 252), nostalgia predicted later ritual engagement but not vice versa, convergent with Studies 2 and 3. Furthermore, nostalgia prospectively predicted meaning in life through specific ritualistic behaviors during a traditional festival. Finally, in Study 5 (<i>N</i> = 166), experimentally manipulated ritual engagement augmented meaning in life. As hypothesized, nostalgia advances ritual engagement, contributing to a meaningful life.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1884-1896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ostracism Experiences of Sexual Minorities: Investigating Targets' Experiences and Perceptions by Others. 性少数群体遭受排斥的经历：调查目标的经历和他人的看法。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241240675
Christiane M Büttner, Selma C Rudert, Sven Kachel
{"title":"Ostracism Experiences of Sexual Minorities: Investigating Targets' Experiences and Perceptions by Others.","authors":"Christiane M Büttner, Selma C Rudert, Sven Kachel","doi":"10.1177/01461672241240675","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241240675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people face frequent discrimination, maltreatment, and violence for transgressing gender roles upheld in heteronormative societies. Ostracism (i.e., being excluded and ignored) is likely another, understudied form of discrimination against sexual minorities. In a multi-method approach using a nationally representative panel (<i>N</i> = 4104) and experience sampling data (<i>N</i> = 467, 14 days, <i>k</i> = 926 ostracism experiences), we find that LGB individuals report more ostracism experiences than straight individuals. In line with the idea that ostracism toward sexual minorities occurs as a function of gender role nonconformity, lesbians and gay men are rated by an independent rater sample as more likely to be ostracized (<i>k</i> = 10,760 ratings) when they are also rated as more lesbian/gay and less gender role conforming. Our findings speak in favor of ostracism as a discriminatory experience of LGB individuals that is driven by transgressions of heteronormativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"2015-2030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating How High Perceived Economic Inequality Exacerbates Intergroup Competition, Zero-Sum Beliefs, and Perceived Intergroup Prejudice. 调查高度感知的经济不平等如何加剧群体间竞争、零和信念和感知的群体间偏见。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241234787
Jaclyn A Lisnek, Nava Caluori, Jazmin L Brown-Iannuzzi, Shigehiro Oishi
{"title":"Investigating How High Perceived Economic Inequality Exacerbates Intergroup Competition, Zero-Sum Beliefs, and Perceived Intergroup Prejudice.","authors":"Jaclyn A Lisnek, Nava Caluori, Jazmin L Brown-Iannuzzi, Shigehiro Oishi","doi":"10.1177/01461672241234787","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241234787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising economic inequality is associated with more prejudice. Little empirical data, however, investigate how inequality affects individuals' psychological processing and, in turn, exacerbates perceptions of prejudice in people's geographic area. We hypothesized that higher perceived economic inequality triggers beliefs that unequal economies are zero-sum and leads to beliefs that people are in competition for limited resources, which may ultimately exacerbate perceived prejudice. Through nine experiments (Studies 1-5 in the manuscript and three additional studies in the Supplement), we provide evidence that higher perceived inequality increases perceived prejudice against a wide range of outgroups. Furthermore, zero-sum beliefs and perceived competition serially mediate this relationship (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 4, we investigate nuance in this hypothesized model by testing whether higher perceived economic inequality exacerbates perceived racial/ethnic prejudice among a large, diverse sample and find a similar pattern of results. Finally (Study 5), we demonstrate that assuaging competition beliefs mitigates perceived prejudice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1942-1961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Setting Appropriateness and Romantic Relationship Initiation Success. 设置适当性与浪漫关系的成功启动。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241235739
Katie N Adams, Omri Gillath
{"title":"Setting Appropriateness and Romantic Relationship Initiation Success.","authors":"Katie N Adams, Omri Gillath","doi":"10.1177/01461672241235739","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241235739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Does the setting in which a relationship initiation attempt occurs matter to its success? Identical initiations could yield differential success if enacted in different settings. Data from five independent samples highlight the role settings play in the perception of (hypothetical) relationship initiation attempts and (expectations of) their success. Study 1a sourced a wide variety of settings for real-world relationship initiations. A separate sample rated the identified settings on initiation appropriateness (Study 1b). Study 2 tested the appropriateness and associated outcomes of initiation settings while varying aspects of the interpersonal context (initiator attractiveness, Study 2a; initiator familiarity, Study 2b; sexual nature of proposition, Study 2c). Irrespective of initiator attractiveness, familiarity, or type of proposal, perceptions of initiations' success were impacted by the settings' appropriateness. This work is the first to empirically test whether perceptions and outcomes of initiation attempts differ as a function of the setting in which they occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1865-1883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distributing Blame Among Multiple Entities When Autonomous Technologies Cause Harm. 当自主技术造成伤害时，在多个实体之间分配责任。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/01461672241238303
Ryan M McManus, Catherine C Mesick, Abraham M Rutchick
{"title":"Distributing Blame Among Multiple Entities When Autonomous Technologies Cause Harm.","authors":"Ryan M McManus, Catherine C Mesick, Abraham M Rutchick","doi":"10.1177/01461672241238303","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672241238303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As autonomous technology emerges, new variations in old questions arise. When autonomous technologies cause harm, who is to blame? The current studies compare reactions toward harms caused by human-controlled vehicles (HCVs) or human soldiers (HSs) to identical harms by autonomous vehicles (AVs) or autonomous robot soldiers. Drivers of HCVs, or HSs, were blamed more than mere users of AVs or HSs who outsourced their duties to ARSs. However, as human drivers/soldiers became less involved in (or were unaware of the preprogramming that led to) the harm, blame was redirected toward other entities (i.e., manufacturers and the tech company's executives), showing the opposite pattern as human drivers/soldiers. Results were robust to how blame was measured (i.e., degrees of blame versus apportionment of total blame). Overall, this research furthers the blame literature, raising questions about why, how (much), and to whom blame is assigned when multiple agents are potentially culpable.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"2068-2084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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