Isaac B J M D Dunn, Emma Power, Liam J Casey, Bethany M Wootton
{"title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy for internalizing symptoms in LGBTQ+ people: a preliminary meta-analysis.","authors":"Isaac B J M D Dunn, Emma Power, Liam J Casey, Bethany M Wootton","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434021","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Internalizing disorders are common in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and otherwise non-heterosexual or non-cisgender (LGBTQ+) people. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), a well-established treatment for internalizing disorders, in LGBTQ+ people. The current study quantitatively synthesized outcomes from existing trials of CBT for internalizing disorders in LGBTQ+ people. Seven databases were searched, identifying 14 relevant studies with a total of 414 participants. A medium within-group effect size was found for depressive symptoms from pre-treatment to post-treatment (k = 14; g = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44-0.76; I<sup>2</sup> = 71.59) and pre-treatment to 2-6-month follow-up (k = 7; g = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40-0.86; I<sup>2</sup> = 71.59). For anxiety and related disorder symptoms, a medium within-group effect size was found from both pre-treatment to post-treatment (k = 10; g = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.47-0.99; I<sup>2</sup> = 71.59) and to 3-9-month follow-up (k = 5; g = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.54-0.87; I<sup>2</sup> = 36.04). Exploratory analyses indicated small between-group effects at post-treatment between intervention and control groups. Effect sizes were comparable to those in the general population, indicating preliminary support for treating internalizing disorders in LGBTQ+ people with CBT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"246-275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Schaeuffele, Christine Knaevelsrud, Babette Renneberg, Johanna Boettcher
{"title":"Understanding change from the patient perspective in a transdiagnostic Internet-based intervention for emotional disorders: a qualitative content analysis.","authors":"Carmen Schaeuffele, Christine Knaevelsrud, Babette Renneberg, Johanna Boettcher","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2399173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2399173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Qualitative investigations that openly explore changes and facilitators of changes from the patient's perspective might offer valuable insights on impacts of therapy and helpful and hindering aspects. Our aim for this study was to explore the perspective of patients on a transdiagnostic Internet-based intervention to understand (1) which changes (positive as well as negative effects) responders and non-responders experienced, and (2) which aspects of the intervention they found helpful or hindering in facilitating those changes. We interviewed 21 patients that showed response or non-response to treatment using the Change Interview Schedule following a 10-week Internet-based intervention based on the Unified Protocol. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Both responders and non-responders reported positive changes, with few negative changes mentioned. Across both groups, increased positive affect was reported most frequently (81%). Both groups reported helpful factors, with guidance mentioned most frequently across both responders and non-responders (85.7%). Mainly, aspects of the specific framework were perceived as hindering (e.g. lack of personalization) (66.7%). Overall, patients reported mostly positive impacts, even if they did not respond to treatment. Results highlighted that what patients find helpful or hindering is individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"190-207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thröstur Björgvinsson, Keith P Klein, Cali Werner, Jennifer T Sy, Angela Smith, Chad Brandt, Elizabeth R McIngvale
{"title":"A concentrated approach for treating OCD: a pilot study examining the feasibility and potential effectiveness of the Bergen Four Day Treatment in the U.S.","authors":"Thröstur Björgvinsson, Keith P Klein, Cali Werner, Jennifer T Sy, Angela Smith, Chad Brandt, Elizabeth R McIngvale","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bergen Four Day Treatment (B4DT) is a concentrated treatment for OCD that has demonstrated promising effectiveness in Nordic country samples. The B4DT is delivered over four days and provides individual treatment in a group context. The effectiveness of the B4DT for OCD has not been tested outside Nordic countries. The current pilot study evaluated the feasibility and the potential effectiveness of B4DT in a different culture and health-care system in the United States. Findings from 48 adults with OCD who completed the B4DT indicated that OCD, anxiety, and depression symptom severity significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment, and gains were maintained at six month follow-up. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale scores were reduced from moderate to subclinical; specifically, the average scores of 27.0 (pre-treatment) fell to 11.7 (post-treatment), 12.7 (3-month follow-up), and 13.7 (6-month follow-up). The B4DT was rated as highly acceptable by the US patients. Over 95% of the patients stated that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. These findings provide the first preliminary evidence for the generalizability of the B4DT to patients outside Nordic countries. Cultural and context-dependent issues that affected this dissemination pilot study are discussed in addition to future clinical and research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"153-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik Andersson, Kristina Aspvall, Greta Schettini, Martin Kraepelien, Josefin Särnholm, Gro Janne Wergeland, Lars-Göran Öst
{"title":"Efficacy of metacognitive interventions for psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Erik Andersson, Kristina Aspvall, Greta Schettini, Martin Kraepelien, Josefin Särnholm, Gro Janne Wergeland, Lars-Göran Öst","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metacognitive interventions have received increasing interest the last decade and there is a need to synthesize the evidence of these type of interventions. The current study is an updated systematic review and meta-analysis where we investigated the efficacy of metacognitive interventions for adults with psychiatric disorders. We included randomized controlled trials that investigated either metacognitive therapy (MCT; developed by Wells) or metacognitive training (MCTraining; developed by Moritz). Ovid MEDLINE, Embase OVID, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published until May 2024. The final analyses included 21 MCT- and 28 MCTraining studies (in total 3239 individuals). Results showed that MCT was more efficacious than both waiting-list control conditions (<i>g</i> = 1.84) as well as other forms of cognitive behavior therapies (<i>g</i> = 0.43). MCTraining was superior to treatment as usual (<i>g</i> = 0.45), other psychological treatments (<i>g</i> = 0.46) and placebo conditions (<i>g</i> = 0.15). Many of the included studies lacked data on blinding procedures, reporting of inter-rater reliability, treatment adherence, competence, treatment expectancy and pre-registration procedures. We conclude that both MCT and MCTraining are probably efficacious treatments but that future studies need to incorporate more quality aspects in their trial designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"276-302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jón Ingi Hlynsson, Anders Sjöberg, Lars Ström, Per Carlbring
{"title":"Evaluating the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire on Well-Being: a validation study for a clinically informed measurement of subjective well-being.","authors":"Jón Ingi Hlynsson, Anders Sjöberg, Lars Ström, Per Carlbring","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2402992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2402992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers and clinicians are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of assessing positive functioning to inform clinical outcomes. This paper evaluates the Questionnaire on Well-Being (QWB, available for free https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GSC3R), a clinically informed instrument that assesses subjective well-being, across two studies. Study One, consisting of treatment-seeking individuals in an assertiveness training sample (<i>n</i> = 495), explored the factorial structure of the QWB, assessed the four-week test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and identified a preliminary cutoff point for the QWB with clinical significance. Study Two, including participants from the general public (<i>n</i> = 1561), confirmed the factorial structure of the QWB and further evaluated criterion-related validity. The results provided support for a unidimensional structure for the QWB. Furthermore, the QWB exhibited excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93 and 0.94 in Study One and Two, respectively), high test-retest reliability (ICC<sub>3</sub> = .50 at a four-week follow-up in Study One), and appropriate criterion-related validity demonstrating positive correlations with positive affect and negative correlations with psychopathology. Finally, a cutoff point on the QWB below 50 was associated with marked psychopathology. These findings provide preliminary support for the usage of the QWB in clinical and non-clinical settings, establishing the QWB as a reliable indicator of subjective well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"208-230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taylor Hathway, Lauren F McLellan, Blake F Dear, Nora Trompeter, Talia Carl, Viviana Wuthrich, Jennifer L Hudson, Ronald M Rapee
{"title":"The psychometric properties of the Mini Social Phobia Inventory in a treatment seeking sample of children and their caregivers.","authors":"Taylor Hathway, Lauren F McLellan, Blake F Dear, Nora Trompeter, Talia Carl, Viviana Wuthrich, Jennifer L Hudson, Ronald M Rapee","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2397673","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2397673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mini Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) is a short 3-item measure of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Using existing data, the current study examined the psychometric properties of the Mini-SPIN using a large, treatment seeking sample of children aged 6-16 years with data available for youth (<i>n</i> = 695, 170) and their caregivers (<i>n</i> = 703, 177) at pre-treatment and follow-up, respectively. The ability of the Mini-SPIN to discriminate between those with and without SAD was examined at pre-treatment and 6-month follow-up, across caregiver and child report. The criterion group validity, internal consistency and construct validity of the measure was also examined. Results revealed that at pre-treatment the Mini-SPIN demonstrated good discriminant validity in detecting cases of SAD from non-SAD (with cut-off of 4 on child report, and 6 on caregiver report). At 6-month follow-up, the discriminant ability of the Mini-SPIN was found to be less than acceptable for child reported scores, but acceptable for caregiver reported scores. The Mini-SPIN further demonstrated good criterion group validity, internal consistency and construct validity across caregiver and child report. Overall, the findings from the current study lend further support for the use of the Mini-SPIN as a screening tool for SAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"171-189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah C Jessup, Thomas Armstrong, Catherine E Rast, Sarah E Woronko, Mitchell Jackson, Alexander L Anwyl-Irvine, Edwin S Dalmaijer, Bunmi O Olatunji
{"title":"Benefits of the \"worst-case scenario\": a multi-level examination of the effects of confronting the feared outcome during imagery-based exposure.","authors":"Sarah C Jessup, Thomas Armstrong, Catherine E Rast, Sarah E Woronko, Mitchell Jackson, Alexander L Anwyl-Irvine, Edwin S Dalmaijer, Bunmi O Olatunji","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2456479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2025.2456479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure therapy is an efficacious treatment for anxiety-related disorders. Yet, fear often returns after treatment. Occasional reinforcement, in which the feared stimulus is intermittently presented during extinction, increases safety learning and slows fear renewal in conditioning paradigms and analogue samples, but no studies to date have examined this strategy in clinical samples. The present study examined the effects of vicarious occasional reinforcement on fear renewal in a snake-phobic sample across multiple levels of analysis. Fear was intermittently reinforced by providing reminders of the feared outcome (a snake bite) throughout a two-session analogue video exposure manipulation. Snake-phobic adults were randomized to one of three conditions: a single-cue [S], multiple-cue [M], or multiple-cue+fear-outcome [M+FO] exposure group. Results showed the three groups did not significantly differ in threat expectancy or attentional bias for threat at follow-up. Despite sustained anxiety, however, the M+FO condition completed significantly more steps on a visual avoidance task at follow-up than the M and S conditions and heightened mean distress during exposure mediated this effect. The M and S groups did not significantly differ in visual avoidance at follow-up. These findings suggest incorporating reminders of the feared outcome into exposure may be an effective strategy for increasing inhibitory retrieval.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie Wardle-Pinkston, Daniel J Taylor, Tao Lin, Jessica R Dietch, Kristi Pruiksma, Allison K Wilkerson
{"title":"CBTI<i>web</i> implementation outcomes: one-year follow up.","authors":"Sophie Wardle-Pinkston, Daniel J Taylor, Tao Lin, Jessica R Dietch, Kristi Pruiksma, Allison K Wilkerson","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2442371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2024.2442371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insomnia is a common and debilitating disorder that is often undiagnosed and untreated. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is the first-line treatment for insomnia, though the lack of trained providers is a major barrier to accessibility. To address this issue, an online provider training platform, CBTI<i>web</i>, was launched in April 2020. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and implementation practices of providers 1 year after their successful completion of CBTI<i>web</i>. An online survey was sent to 569 providers who completed CBTI<i>web</i> training within 3 months of launch. Providers were asked about knowledge retention, use of CBTI with patients, barriers, and facilitators to the use of CBTI and acceptability, feasibility, and intervention appropriateness of CBTI. Two hundred and thirty-three providers completed the survey. Results revealed that most of the providers retained knowledge gained during CBTI<i>web</i> and that self-efficacy for CBTI was positively associated with CBTI use with their patients. Common barriers endorsed by providers were primarily related to difficulty promoting patient-buy-in for CBTI and difficulty finding CBTI supervision and consultation. Helpful facilitators included access to patient and therapist materials. Results also indicate very high acceptability (93.1%), agreeableness (94.3%), and feasibility (88.1%) of CBTI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michèle Schmitter, Mikael Rubin, Jasper A J Smits, Sofie E Reijnen, Elianne D de Ruiter-Blijdorp, Miriam M A van den Berg, Revi de Jong-Dinar, Jan Spijker, Janna N Vrijsen
{"title":"Exercise prior to cognitive behavior therapy sessions for depression: a feasibility pilot study.","authors":"Michèle Schmitter, Mikael Rubin, Jasper A J Smits, Sofie E Reijnen, Elianne D de Ruiter-Blijdorp, Miriam M A van den Berg, Revi de Jong-Dinar, Jan Spijker, Janna N Vrijsen","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2449088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2024.2449088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise directly improves mood and cognition. Providing exercise immediately before cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) sessions may therefore enhance the clinical responsiveness to CBT. The present pilot study examined the feasibility and direction of effect of exercise+CBT versus CBT in depressed outpatients using a stepped wedged design. Thirty-three patients received either group-based CBT (12-16 weeks) or group-based exercise+CBT within specialized mental healthcare settings. Weekly therapist-supervised exercise sessions (45 min, moderate intensity, running/indoor cycling) were provided directly before the CBT sessions, with encouragement for home-exercise. Feasibility was assessed through recruitment, retention, and safety, alongside treatment adherence and treatment effects on clinically relevant outcomes. Recruitment yielded 37% of eligible patients with similar retention rates across conditions. No adverse events were reported. The exercise+CBT condition attended 63% of supervised exercise sessions (72% at moderate/vigorous intensity) and fewer CBT sessions (42%) compared to the CBT condition (54%). The conditions showed similar improvements in depressive symptoms, rumination, and CBT skills over time. Our study shows in a specialized mental health care routine practice population that providing exercise before CBT sessions is feasible, warranting a future randomized controlled trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}