J.M. Ribé-Viñes, J. Gutiérrez-Maldonado, Zahra Zabolipour, M. Ferrer-García
{"title":"Efficacy of virtual reality-based exposure therapy for the treatment of fear of flying: a systematic review","authors":"J.M. Ribé-Viñes, J. Gutiérrez-Maldonado, Zahra Zabolipour, M. Ferrer-García","doi":"10.1017/S1754470X23000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X23000119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Previous research has shown that virtual reality (VR)-based exposure therapy is effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, more information regarding the specific features of this intervention for the treatment of fear of flying (FoF) is needed. The primary aim of this systematic review was to update and analyse the existing data on the efficacy of VR exposure treatment (VRET) in FoF, providing information on the optimal methodological conditions for its administration. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was employed to select the articles. PsycInfo, Medline and Web of Science were chosen as databases with a wide range of publications related to health and psychology. Thirty-three eligible articles were included in this review. Results showed that participants’ anxiety decreased after being systematically exposed to flight-related VR environments. VRET is at least as effective as other evidence-based treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or in vivo exposure therapy (IVET), and therefore is a highly recommended alternative when IVET is difficult to administer, and an excellent complement to enhance CBT efficacy. Regarding sensory cues, the addition of motion feedback synchronised with visual and auditory cues during the exposure to VR environments might improve the efficacy of VRET for FoF, but more research supporting this statement is still needed.","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87817136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fara F Tabrizi, Andreas B Larsson, Hampus Grönvall, Lux Söderstrand, Ellen Hallén, Marie-France Champoux-Larsson, Tobias Lundgren, Felicia Sundström, Amani Lavefjord, Monica Buhrman, Örjan Sundin, Lance McCracken, Fredrik Åhs, Billy Jansson
{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI).","authors":"Fara F Tabrizi, Andreas B Larsson, Hampus Grönvall, Lux Söderstrand, Ellen Hallén, Marie-France Champoux-Larsson, Tobias Lundgren, Felicia Sundström, Amani Lavefjord, Monica Buhrman, Örjan Sundin, Lance McCracken, Fredrik Åhs, Billy Jansson","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2022.2153077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2022.2153077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatric disorders are common, and reliable measures are crucial for research and clinical practice. A cross-diagnostic construct that can be used to index treatment outcomes as well as prevalence of psychological ill health is psychological flexibility. The aim of this study was to validate a Swedish version of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI). The MPFI has 12 subscales, six of which measure flexibility, and six that measure inflexibility. Using confirmatory factor analysis in a community sample of 670 participants, we found that a model with two higher order factors had satisfactory fit (CFI = .933) and a 12-factor model had the best fit to the data (CFI = .955). All 12 subscales showed adequate reliability (CRs = .803-.933) and the factor structure was similar across age groups and gender. Findings suggest that the Swedish version of the MPFI is a reliable instrument that can be used to index psychological flexibility. Potential areas for improvement of the instrument are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"295-316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9679905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asala Halaj, Asher Y Strauss, Dina Zalaznik, Isaac Fradkin, Elad Zlotnick, Gerhard Andersson, David Daniel Ebert, Jonathan D Huppert
{"title":"Examining the relationship between cognitive factors and insight in panic disorder before and during treatment.","authors":"Asala Halaj, Asher Y Strauss, Dina Zalaznik, Isaac Fradkin, Elad Zlotnick, Gerhard Andersson, David Daniel Ebert, Jonathan D Huppert","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2179539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2023.2179539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with Panic Disorder (PD) often have impaired insight, which can impede their willingness to seek treatment. Cognitive processes, including metacognitive beliefs, cognitive flexibility, and jumping to conclusions (JTC) may influence the degree of insight. By understanding the relationship between insight and these cognitive factors in PD, we can better identify individuals with such vulnerabilities to improve their insight. The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between metacognition, cognitive flexibility, and JTC with clinical and cognitive insight at pretreatment. We investigate the association among those factors' changes and changes in insight over treatment. Eighty-three patients diagnosed with PD received internet-based cognitive behavior therapy. Analyses revealed that metacognition was related to both clinical and cognitive insight, and cognitive flexibility was related to clinical insight at pre-treatment. Greater changes in metacognition were correlated with greater changes in clinical insight. Also, greater changes in cognitive flexibility were related to greater changes in cognitive insight. The current study extends previous studies suggesting potential relationships among insight, metacognition, and cognitive flexibility in PD. Determining the role of cognitive concepts in relation to insight may lead to new avenues for improving insight and can have implications for engagement and treatment-seeking behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"331-346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9677704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nubia A Mayorga, Justin M Shepherd, Cameron T Matoska, Katherine E Kabel, Anka A Vujanovic, Andres G Viana, Michael J Zvolensky
{"title":"Posttraumatic stress among trauma-exposed Hispanic/Latinx adults: relations to mental health.","authors":"Nubia A Mayorga, Justin M Shepherd, Cameron T Matoska, Katherine E Kabel, Anka A Vujanovic, Andres G Viana, Michael J Zvolensky","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2176783","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2176783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latinx persons are exposed to higher rates of traumatic events and conditional risks for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and comorbid mental health symptoms compared to other minority groups. The study evaluated PTSD symptom severity for global and specific cluster severity relating to co-occurring anxiety, social anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation among 326 Latinx adults who endorsed trauma exposure. Results indicated that global PTSD symptom severity was significantly related to greater social anxiety, anxious arousal, depression, and suicidal ideation symptoms. PTSD arousal and reactivity symptom cluster had the strongest relation to anxious arousal, social anxiety, and depression, whereas negative alterations in cognitions and mood symptoms had the strongest association with social anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. The findings suggest that global PTSD symptom severity, alongside arousal and reactivity and negative alterations in cognitions and mood, are related to a range of concurrent negative mental health symptoms among trauma exposed Latinx young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"317-330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9733529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jakob Clason van de Leur, Fred Johansson, Lance M McCracken, Fredrik Åhs, Gunilla Brodda Jansen, Monica Buhrman
{"title":"Predictors and sub-groups in the treatment of stress-induced exhaustion disorder.","authors":"Jakob Clason van de Leur, Fred Johansson, Lance M McCracken, Fredrik Åhs, Gunilla Brodda Jansen, Monica Buhrman","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2197148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2023.2197148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about psychological interventions for stress-induced Exhaustion disorder (ED), and there is a need for more research to improve the outcomes obtained in treatments. The present study examines predictors of improvement, including sub-group responses, in a large sample of ED patients receiving a Multimodal intervention (MMI) based on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (<i>N</i> = 915). In step one, available variables were explored separately as predictors of improvement in ED symptoms. In step two, sub-groups were explored through Latent Class Analysis to reduce the heterogeneity observed in the larger group and to investigate whether combining the variables from step one predicted symptom improvement. Younger age, no previous sick leave due to ED, and scoring high on anxiety, depression, insomnia, perfectionism, and treatment credibility emerged as separate predictors of improvement. In the sub-group analyses, a sub-group including participants who were single and had a lower income showed less improvement. Overall, people with ED participating in MMI report symptom improvement regardless of characteristics before treatment. However, the present findings do have the potential to inform future treatments for ED, as they highlight perfectionism as a predictor of improvement and the importance of assessing treatment credibility during treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"397-418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Gentili, Vendela Zetterqvist, Jenny Rickardsson, Linda Holmström, Brjánn Ljótsson, Rikard Wicksell
{"title":"Examining predictors of treatment effect in digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain.","authors":"Charlotte Gentili, Vendela Zetterqvist, Jenny Rickardsson, Linda Holmström, Brjánn Ljótsson, Rikard Wicksell","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2191826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2023.2191826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digitally delivered behavioral interventions for chronic pain have been encouraging with effects similar to face-to-face treatment. Although many chronic pain patients benefit from behavioral treatment, a substantial proportion do not improve. To contribute to more knowledge about factors that predict treatment effects in digitally delivered behavioral interventions for chronic pain, the present study analyzed pooled data (<i>N</i> = 130) from three different studies on digitally delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for chronic pain. Longitudinal linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures were used to identify variables with significant influence on the rate of improvement in the main treatment outcome pain interference from pre- to post-treatment. The variables were sorted into six domains (demographics, pain variables, psychological flexibility, baseline severity, comorbid symptoms and early adherence) and analysed in a stepwise manner. The study found that shorter pain duration and higher degree of insomnia symptoms at baseline predicted larger treatment effects. The original trials from which data was pooled are registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT03105908 and NCT03344926).</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"380-396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9679121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapist factors associated with intent to use exposure therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Diane Langthorne, Jessica Beard, Glenn Waller","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2023.2191824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2023.2191824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure therapy is effective but widely underused. Numerous studies indicate therapist factors that might explain this pattern of underuse. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesised those previous research findings, to identify which therapist factors are clearly associated with their intent to use exposure therapy. A systematic review and six random-effects meta-analyses synthesised studies identified in three databases (Scopus, PsychINFO, Web of Science) and through reference lists and citation searches. Most studies relied on a survey design, resulting in weak quality of research. Twenty-six eligible studies were included in the narrative synthesis, (including 5557 participants), while 21 studies yielded sufficient data to enter the meta-analysis. Medium to large pooled effect sizes indicated that therapists with more positive beliefs, a CBT orientation, and training in exposure therapy were significantly more likely to use exposure. Small pooled effect sizes indicated that older and more anxious therapists were less likely to use exposure. Therapist years of experience was not significantly associated with exposure use. There was no evidence of publication bias. Therapist characteristics clearly play a role in the use of exposure therapy, and future clinical and research work is required to address this limitation in the delivery of this effective therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"52 4","pages":"347-379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10054013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Rathod, A. Javed, Rehmina Iqbal, Ayaat Al-Sudani, Akansha Vaswani-Bye, I. Haider, P. Phiri
{"title":"Results of a qualitative study of patient, carer and clinician views on the experience of caring for individuals with psychosis in Pakistan","authors":"S. Rathod, A. Javed, Rehmina Iqbal, Ayaat Al-Sudani, Akansha Vaswani-Bye, I. Haider, P. Phiri","doi":"10.1017/S1754470X23000077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X23000077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cultural relevance is a core element of effective psychological interventions like cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) or family intervention (FI), which can be considered Eurocentric. There have been few studies that have examined explanatory models of mental illness and its management in Pakistan to date. This study elicited patient- and carer-related health beliefs on psychosis including attributions to illness, and help-seeking behaviours to inform development of culturally sensitive treatment and improve outcomes in a unit in Lahore (Pakistan). The study group completed 45 semi-structured qualitative interviews at a mental health rehabilitation centre in Lahore. Data were analysed thematically using emerging themes and content analysis. Participants’ explanatory models for psychosis included religion or faith-driven beliefs, like previous wrong-doing and supernatural ideas such as black magic. Social factors that impacted families included high expectations, social stigma, and discriminations. Families first sought help from faith leaders and then medical or psychological sources of care. Participants had generally positive attitudes about their experience of psychological interventions. Key learning aims (1) The need to consider cultural influences to ensure relevance of interventions like cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) or family interventions (FI) in different countries. (2) The need for cultural adaptation of interventions like CBT and FI in different countries to make them accessible and acceptable. (3) When adapting therapy to a particular culture or country, recognizing the importance of engaging the local cultural population in the adaptation process.","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88900811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To (i)B or not to i(B), that is the question: on the differences between Ellis’ REBT and Beck’s CT","authors":"P. Young, M. Turner","doi":"10.1017/S1754470X23000090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X23000090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Far from being a monolithic approach to psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is in fact an umbrella term to describe a family of psychological therapies that share many common features but also have nuanced differences. Of the CBTs, two are often conflated under the ‘CBT’ moniker, namely cognitive therapy (CT) and rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT). In this article, we explore some of the key differences and similarities between CT and REBT, touching on philosophy, practical implementation, and literature. We provide a brief hypothetical case study to demonstrate the different ways a therapist using CT and REBT might tackle the same client problem. We do not declare either approach superior, but suggest each might have their advantages in certain contexts and acknowledge that skilful practitioners could, and often do, integrate both approaches. As CBT continues to evolve and move into new areas, it is important that psychology practitioners and researchers are clear about which specific approach to CBT they are delivering, measuring and/or reporting on.","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}