Carmen Schaeuffele, Christine Knaevelsrud, Babette Renneberg, Johanna Boettcher
{"title":"Understanding change from the patient perspective in a transdiagnostic Internet-based intervention for emotional disorders: a qualitative content analysis.","authors":"Carmen Schaeuffele, Christine Knaevelsrud, Babette Renneberg, Johanna Boettcher","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2399173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2399173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Qualitative investigations that openly explore changes and facilitators of changes from the patient's perspective might offer valuable insights on impacts of therapy and helpful and hindering aspects. Our aim for this study was to explore the perspective of patients on a transdiagnostic Internet-based intervention to understand (1) which changes (positive as well as negative effects) responders and non-responders experienced, and (2) which aspects of the intervention they found helpful or hindering in facilitating those changes. We interviewed 21 patients that showed response or non-response to treatment using the Change Interview Schedule following a 10-week Internet-based intervention based on the Unified Protocol. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Both responders and non-responders reported positive changes, with few negative changes mentioned. Across both groups, increased positive affect was reported most frequently (81%). Both groups reported helpful factors, with guidance mentioned most frequently across both responders and non-responders (85.7%). Mainly, aspects of the specific framework were perceived as hindering (e.g. lack of personalization) (66.7%). Overall, patients reported mostly positive impacts, even if they did not respond to treatment. Results highlighted that what patients find helpful or hindering is individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"190-207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thröstur Björgvinsson, Keith P Klein, Cali Werner, Jennifer T Sy, Angela Smith, Chad Brandt, Elizabeth R McIngvale
{"title":"A concentrated approach for treating OCD: a pilot study examining the feasibility and potential effectiveness of the Bergen Four Day Treatment in the U.S.","authors":"Thröstur Björgvinsson, Keith P Klein, Cali Werner, Jennifer T Sy, Angela Smith, Chad Brandt, Elizabeth R McIngvale","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bergen Four Day Treatment (B4DT) is a concentrated treatment for OCD that has demonstrated promising effectiveness in Nordic country samples. The B4DT is delivered over four days and provides individual treatment in a group context. The effectiveness of the B4DT for OCD has not been tested outside Nordic countries. The current pilot study evaluated the feasibility and the potential effectiveness of B4DT in a different culture and health-care system in the United States. Findings from 48 adults with OCD who completed the B4DT indicated that OCD, anxiety, and depression symptom severity significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment, and gains were maintained at six month follow-up. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale scores were reduced from moderate to subclinical; specifically, the average scores of 27.0 (pre-treatment) fell to 11.7 (post-treatment), 12.7 (3-month follow-up), and 13.7 (6-month follow-up). The B4DT was rated as highly acceptable by the US patients. Over 95% of the patients stated that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. These findings provide the first preliminary evidence for the generalizability of the B4DT to patients outside Nordic countries. Cultural and context-dependent issues that affected this dissemination pilot study are discussed in addition to future clinical and research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"153-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik Andersson, Kristina Aspvall, Greta Schettini, Martin Kraepelien, Josefin Särnholm, Gro Janne Wergeland, Lars-Göran Öst
{"title":"Efficacy of metacognitive interventions for psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Erik Andersson, Kristina Aspvall, Greta Schettini, Martin Kraepelien, Josefin Särnholm, Gro Janne Wergeland, Lars-Göran Öst","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2434920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metacognitive interventions have received increasing interest the last decade and there is a need to synthesize the evidence of these type of interventions. The current study is an updated systematic review and meta-analysis where we investigated the efficacy of metacognitive interventions for adults with psychiatric disorders. We included randomized controlled trials that investigated either metacognitive therapy (MCT; developed by Wells) or metacognitive training (MCTraining; developed by Moritz). Ovid MEDLINE, Embase OVID, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published until May 2024. The final analyses included 21 MCT- and 28 MCTraining studies (in total 3239 individuals). Results showed that MCT was more efficacious than both waiting-list control conditions (<i>g</i> = 1.84) as well as other forms of cognitive behavior therapies (<i>g</i> = 0.43). MCTraining was superior to treatment as usual (<i>g</i> = 0.45), other psychological treatments (<i>g</i> = 0.46) and placebo conditions (<i>g</i> = 0.15). Many of the included studies lacked data on blinding procedures, reporting of inter-rater reliability, treatment adherence, competence, treatment expectancy and pre-registration procedures. We conclude that both MCT and MCTraining are probably efficacious treatments but that future studies need to incorporate more quality aspects in their trial designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"276-302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taylor Hathway, Lauren F McLellan, Blake F Dear, Nora Trompeter, Talia Carl, Viviana Wuthrich, Jennifer L Hudson, Ronald M Rapee
{"title":"The psychometric properties of the Mini Social Phobia Inventory in a treatment seeking sample of children and their caregivers.","authors":"Taylor Hathway, Lauren F McLellan, Blake F Dear, Nora Trompeter, Talia Carl, Viviana Wuthrich, Jennifer L Hudson, Ronald M Rapee","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2397673","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2397673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mini Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) is a short 3-item measure of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Using existing data, the current study examined the psychometric properties of the Mini-SPIN using a large, treatment seeking sample of children aged 6-16 years with data available for youth (<i>n</i> = 695, 170) and their caregivers (<i>n</i> = 703, 177) at pre-treatment and follow-up, respectively. The ability of the Mini-SPIN to discriminate between those with and without SAD was examined at pre-treatment and 6-month follow-up, across caregiver and child report. The criterion group validity, internal consistency and construct validity of the measure was also examined. Results revealed that at pre-treatment the Mini-SPIN demonstrated good discriminant validity in detecting cases of SAD from non-SAD (with cut-off of 4 on child report, and 6 on caregiver report). At 6-month follow-up, the discriminant ability of the Mini-SPIN was found to be less than acceptable for child reported scores, but acceptable for caregiver reported scores. The Mini-SPIN further demonstrated good criterion group validity, internal consistency and construct validity across caregiver and child report. Overall, the findings from the current study lend further support for the use of the Mini-SPIN as a screening tool for SAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"171-189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jón Ingi Hlynsson, Anders Sjöberg, Lars Ström, Per Carlbring
{"title":"Evaluating the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire on Well-Being: a validation study for a clinically informed measurement of subjective well-being.","authors":"Jón Ingi Hlynsson, Anders Sjöberg, Lars Ström, Per Carlbring","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2402992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2402992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers and clinicians are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of assessing positive functioning to inform clinical outcomes. This paper evaluates the Questionnaire on Well-Being (QWB, available for free https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GSC3R), a clinically informed instrument that assesses subjective well-being, across two studies. Study One, consisting of treatment-seeking individuals in an assertiveness training sample (<i>n</i> = 495), explored the factorial structure of the QWB, assessed the four-week test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and identified a preliminary cutoff point for the QWB with clinical significance. Study Two, including participants from the general public (<i>n</i> = 1561), confirmed the factorial structure of the QWB and further evaluated criterion-related validity. The results provided support for a unidimensional structure for the QWB. Furthermore, the QWB exhibited excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93 and 0.94 in Study One and Two, respectively), high test-retest reliability (ICC<sub>3</sub> = .50 at a four-week follow-up in Study One), and appropriate criterion-related validity demonstrating positive correlations with positive affect and negative correlations with psychopathology. Finally, a cutoff point on the QWB below 50 was associated with marked psychopathology. These findings provide preliminary support for the usage of the QWB in clinical and non-clinical settings, establishing the QWB as a reliable indicator of subjective well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"208-230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The relationship between perfectionism and treatment outcomes among people receiving internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for Generalised Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"S Tang, A Mahoney, K Dobinson, C T Shiner","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2465737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2025.2465737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process associated with multiple mental health disorders. Perfectionism can moderate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for depression, but it remains unclear whether perfectionism is associated with CBT outcomes for anxiety disorders. This study investigated the relationship between perfectionism, treatment outcomes and adherence for individuals seeking internet-based CBT (iCBT) for Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD). A total of 1,904 adults from the general Australian community commenced an iCBT GAD program and completed measures of perfectionism, generalised anxiety, depression and psychological distress at baseline, mid-treatment, and post-treatment. Regression analyses were used to examine relationships between baseline perfectionism, post-treatment symptom reductions and treatment completion. Baseline perfectionism was significantly associated with pre-treatment GAD symptom severity, but not treatment completion or reductions in GAD severity post-iCBT. Significant reductions in generalised anxiety symptom severity (Hedges' g = 1.32), depression symptoms (g = 0.97), distress (g = 1.34) and perfectionism (both striving and evaluative concerns, g = 0.49 and g = 0.37, respectively) were observed with treatment. These findings suggest that iCBT for GAD is effective in reducing perfectionism, despite not directly targeting this process. Given there was no significant relationship between baseline perfectionism and treatment outcomes, it may not be necessary to specifically target perfectionism when delivering iCBT for GAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Svenja Sürig, Rachel Dale, Philipp Herzog, Sarah Glanert, Ulrike Grave, Nele Assmann, Bartosz Zurowski, Stefan Borgwardt, Jan Philipp Klein, Thomas Probst
{"title":"Negative effects of psychotherapy and their differential association with long-term outcome: an observational study of an intensive day treatment program for depression.","authors":"Svenja Sürig, Rachel Dale, Philipp Herzog, Sarah Glanert, Ulrike Grave, Nele Assmann, Bartosz Zurowski, Stefan Borgwardt, Jan Philipp Klein, Thomas Probst","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2464641","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2464641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While most psychotherapy methods are about equally effective, it is unclear if (1) different methods of psychotherapy differ in the severity of negative effects, (2) negative effects impact outcome and (3) this impact is moderated by psychotherapy method. We analyzed data from an observational study of 141 patients from a day treatment program for depression. Based on shared decision-making, patients were treated with either Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) or Metacognitive Therapy (MCT). Negative effects were assessed with the Negative Effects Questionnaire (NEQ), severity of depressive symptoms with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR). Treatment groups were propensity score matched to account for baseline differences. Severity of negative effects did not differ between CBASP and MCT. The association between negative effects and outcome was moderated by treatment method. For patients treated with CBASP, negative effects were associated with outcome: those experiencing the lowest severity of negative effects had the greatest improvement in symptoms during treatment. Treatments were equally tolerated but differed in their association between negative effects and outcome. Results need to be considered with caution due to the considerable drop-out rate during the follow-up period and the non-controlled nature of our study.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretic principles of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) and loneliness: a multinational replication of Hyland et al. (2019).","authors":"Kory Floyd, Colter D Ray, Colin Hesse","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2025.2465760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2025.2465760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loneliness has detrimental effects on physical and mental well-being, making relevant any systematic means of inhibiting its impact. Whereas interventions based on cognitive behavior therapies have shown efficacy, interventions based on Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) have not been systematically assessed. In 2019, Hyland et al. demonstrated that the REBT theoretic principles of psychopathology and psychological health significantly predict loneliness scores, providing an empirical justification for later intervention efforts. The Hyland et al. sample was small, with limited demographic and geographic diversity. This paper replicates the Hyland et al. analyses using a larger (<i>N</i> = 3,064) sample drawn from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. The present results replicate Hyland et al.'s results for both the psychopathology and psychological health models, with minimal variation in model fit from country to country. Implications for the development of an REBT-based intervention to treat loneliness are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcin Moroń, Dariusz Niedbała, Natalia Matychniak, Paulina Stabla, Tadeusz Broda
{"title":"Religious scrupulosity and early maladaptive schemas: a network analysis.","authors":"Marcin Moroń, Dariusz Niedbała, Natalia Matychniak, Paulina Stabla, Tadeusz Broda","doi":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395827","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16506073.2024.2395827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scrupulosity is treated as a particular presentation of the symptomatology characteristic for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, typical treatment of OCD (e.g. cognitive-behavioral therapy) is less effective in the case of religious scruples. Recently, schema therapy has appeared as an alternative effective treatment in obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. The present study investigated the associations between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and scrupulosity in a non-clinical sample of 376 poles. The participants assessed their EMSs with the Young Schema Questionnaire 3 - Short Form and their scrupulosity with the Pennsylvania Inventory of Scrupulosity. We used network analysis to control for the EMS interconnectivity. We showed that accounting for the interactions within the EMSs, three schemas, namely, Punitiveness, Subjugation, and Enmeshment/Undeveloped Self, were positively correlated with scrupulosity. Given the central position of the Negativity/Pessimism schema in the examined network, we suggested that activation of this schema could be indirectly correlated to scruples via an escalation of activation to the Punitiveness, Subjugation, and Enmeshment schemas. The findings suggest that dependency and fear of rejection problems (present in Subjugation and Enmeshment EMSs) and over-compensation by perfectionism (present in Punitiveness EMS) could be addressed in the treatment of scruples.</p>","PeriodicalId":10535,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"137-151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}