PsyCh journal最新文献

{"title":"Dysfunctions of Reward Motivation Adaptation in Patients With Schizophrenia.","authors":"Yiming Pan, Hui Wang, Qi Zhou, Bingjie Huang, Chengcheng Pu, Simon S Y Lui, Jia Huang, Raymond C K Chan","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diminished reward motivation in the wanting or liking dimension constitutes one of the core dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). However, it remains unclear whether patients with SCZ would dynamically adapt their wanting or liking towards reward in response to a favourable effort-reward ratio and whether such adaptation correlates with their clinical symptoms or functional outcome. In this study, thirty patients with SCZ and 30 healthy controls (HC) were recruited to complete the reward motivation adaptation task (RMAT) based on mental arithmetic effort and manipulating effort-reward ratios. Clinical symptoms were assessed in the clinical group while pleasure experience and social functioning were assessed in all participants. We found that patients with SCZ exhibited less reward wanting and liking than HC in \"effort = reward\" and \"effort < reward\" conditions. Neither reward wanting nor liking in patients with SCZ adapted with effort-reward ratio as indicated by significantly smaller coefficients (βwanting and βliking) compared with HCs. Besides, SCZ patients' adaptation ability was positively correlated with social functioning in daily life. In conclusion, this study indicates that patients with SCZ not only exhibited reduced reward motivation in favourable conditions but also dysfunctions of reward motivation adaptation, and such deficits could explain poor functional outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Childhood Environmental Unpredictability on Hoarding Behavior: Attachment as Mediator and Environmental Cues as Moderator.","authors":"Hang Ma, Chengfang Wang, Ping Hu","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the impact of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior, focusing on the mediating roles of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and the moderating role of environmental cues. Three studies were conducted: Study 1 investigated the effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior through big data analysis and an experiment; Study 2 tested the mediating effects of attachment anxiety and avoidance, as well as the moderating role of environmental cues, using a two-stage questionnaire; and Study 3 further explored differences in hoarding behavior across attachment styles. Results indicated that childhood environmental unpredictability significantly and positively predicted hoarding behavior, with attachment anxiety and avoidance serving as parallel mediators. Moreover, pandemic-related environmental cues moderated the direct effect of childhood environmental unpredictability on hoarding behavior, with this effect weakening after the cues diminished. These findings provide novel insights into hoarding behavior as an adaptive response to childhood environmental unpredictability, clarify the roles of attachment anxiety and avoidance as adaptive mechanisms, and underscore the influence of current environmental cues in shaping hoarding behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Spicy Food on Sense of Fairness: Mediating Effects of Aggression and Pathogen Avoidance.","authors":"Weixi Wan, Yanping Shangguan, Qi Wu","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spicy food consumption is prevalent worldwide, yet its psychological and behavioral impacts remain underexplored compared to basic tastes like sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami. The present research aimed to investigate the effects of spicy food preferences and consumption on individuals' sense of fairness, with aggression and pathogen avoidance considered as potential mediators. Two behavioral studies using the Ultimatum Game were conducted to examine these relationships. Study 1 found that individuals with a preference for spicy food were more likely to reject unfair offers and accept fair offers, mediated by trait aggression and trait pathogen avoidance, respectively. In Study 2, immediate consumption of spicy food led to a higher rejection rate of unfair offers compared to non-spicy food consumption, an effect mediated by increased state aggression. However, no significant differences in fair offer rejection rates were observed between the spicy and non-spicy conditions, and no significant mediation effects of situational pathogen avoidance were detected. These findings suggest that spicy food enhances sensitivity to unfairness-likely by elevating an individual's acceptance threshold-an effect primarily driven by aggression. This research provides novel insights into how sensory experiences shape social decision-making and fairness judgments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention Effectiveness of Health Behaviors During COVID-19: A Systematic Review and a Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ruihua Zhou, Kan Shi, Shuqi Li, Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of a global public health crisis, such as COVID-19, developing interventions to improve population health behaviors has emerged as a pivotal element of health management strategies. The efficacy of various interventions implemented during this period has varied, and the impact of different variables on these intervention outcomes remains to be fully elucidated. This study screened 57 papers (n = 47,264) by searching electronic databases and revealed the optimal intervention through pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis, as well as the changes in intervention effectiveness under different conditions. Our research findings indicate that interventions for preventive health behaviors and health-promoting behaviors have significant effects. For preventive health behaviors, the intervention method of health education and low-risk information framework under information intervention was the optimal intervention. For health-promoting behaviors, the exercise intervention and the prosocial information framework with information intervention were the optimal interventions. Accordingly, future research should focus on the in-depth exploration of specific interventions to establish and improve the effectiveness of interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Mutual Support Groups on Well-Being, Academic Skills, Career Confidence, and Psychological Support Attitudes Among Higher Education Students.","authors":"Zamira Hyseni Duraku, Liridona Jemini Gashi, Artë Blakaj, Viola Greiçevci, Vali Ibrahimi, Fisnik Eger, Donarta Uka, Rrezarta Vllasaliu, Adea Dobra, Rajma Brenoli","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mutual support groups are increasingly implemented in higher education settings across high-income countries to promote peer-based support, with demonstrated benefits for emotional well-being and social connectedness. However, their impact on other domains of students' lives remains underexplored, particularly in low- and middle-income contexts. This study investigates the outcomes of mutual support groups by examining students' perceived changes in mental well-being, academic skills, career certainty, social support attitudes, interpersonal functioning, and attitudes toward seeking psychological help. Using a qualitative retrospective approach, open-ended responses were collected from 20 Kosovar students (aged 18-25 years) at a major public university after a 5-week support group program. Data were thematically analyzed using a deductive approach based on predefined themes aligned with the study's objectives. Findings revealed that participating in mutual support groups contributed to reduced stress, lower anxiety, and improved mood, as students felt heard and emotionally supported by peers facing similar challenges. Students adopted more effective study habits and time management techniques through the sharing of practical strategies and encouragement. Open discussions about career uncertainty fostered clarity and confidence in students' academic and professional goals. Hearing from the perspectives of others on mental health reduced internalized stigma and increased willingness to seek psychological support. The group setting also enabled students to develop stronger interpersonal skills, including empathy, emotional expression, and a sense of connection and belonging. This study highlights the potential of mutual support groups as effective peer-led supplements in higher education by emphasizing improvements in student well-being, academic development, and mental health attitudes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unity or Diversity in Executive Functions: Examining the Three-Factor Model in Young Children.","authors":"Aleksander Veraksa, Morteza Charkhabi, Margarita Aslanova, Elena Dvorskaya, Vera Yakupova","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions (EFs) as a set of cognitive processes play a crucial role in developing children's higher mental functions and academic success. Regardless of the number of studies conducted on EFs, current findings on the structure of cognitive functions as a whole or multifaceted construct are mixed. This study aims to evaluate and compare the latent factor structure of EFs in preschool-aged children (5-7 years) and school-aged children (7-9 years) to identify this structure across two age groups. The study involved 500 children divided into four age groups: senior kindergarten groups, preparatory kindergarten groups, first grade groups, and second grade groups. The participants were assessed using the NEPSY-II neuropsychological battery and the Dimensional Change Card Sort task. The results revealed that a three-factor model of EFs, comprising inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, best fits the data across all age groups. This suggests an earlier differentiation of EFs components, starting at the age of 5, which contradicts some previous studies proposing one- or two-factor structures in preschool age. Correlation analysis showed statistically moderate relationships between EFs components, which weakened by the second grade, potentially indicating stabilization in EFs development during early school years. The findings support the unity and diversity model of EFs and emphasize the importance of conducting longitudinal research to clarify the factors influencing EFs development over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Cohesion and Influence of Minority Opinions Through Clustering: A Social Network Experiment.","authors":"Baizhou Wu, Jun Liu, Ying Li, Chenran Shen-Zhang, Shenghua Luan","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Minority opinions can be of crucial importance to the diversity, productivity, and harmony of a group, but are often left unattended and unheard. Previous methods that tried to enhance minority influence are usually overly forceful and low on ecological validity. To overcome these pitfalls, we proposed a new intervention method called minority clustering and examined its effects with a social network experiment (N = 456). Minority clustering was implemented by increasing the network connections among participants with initial opinions that deviated from the mainstream opinion and forming an opinion cluster among these minority members. Our results show that minority clustering significantly slowed down the rate at which minority members shifted toward majority opinions, thereby sustaining minority cohesion, and moved majority members closer to minority opinions, thus enhancing minority influence. An additional filter bubble intervention, through which all members of a network were exposed to neighbors with similar opinions to their own, further strengthened minority cohesion but weakened minority influence. Minority clustering is an unobtrusive intervention that does not need overt cooperations of network members and can be implemented easily in social media platforms. The working mechanisms of minority clustering and its effects on group opinion formation are further discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Parent-Child Attachment and Peer Attachment and Depression in College Students: A Moderated Polynomial Regression With Response Surface Analyses.","authors":"Ya-Xuan Qin, Hai-Yue Li, Jia-Yi Zhou, Jun-Ying Han, Yi-Jia Li, Gui-Xiang Tian, Yi Wang, Yan-Yu Wang","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has established a strong link between parental attachment and depression in youth. However, the nuances of paternal-maternal attachment congruence and its relationship with depressive symptoms, as well as the roles of gender differences and peer attachment in this context, remain unclear. This study aimed to explore these associations among emerging adults. Attachment and depressive symptoms were assessed in 1564 college students using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis were utilized for data analysis. The results revealed that when paternal and maternal attachment were congruent, students with average-range levels of parental attachment (i.e., scores near the IPPA mean) exhibited the least depressive symptoms. Conversely, greater discrepancies between paternal and maternal attachment were associated with more pronounced depressive symptoms, while this effect was buffered by higher levels of peer attachment. In addition, incongruent paternal and maternal attachments were not significantly associated with depressive symptoms in sons, whereas insecure maternal attachment was more closely related to daughters' depressive symptoms. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of parental attachment (in)congruence in college students' depressive symptoms and the moderating roles of gender and peer attachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Informant Comparison of Depressive Symptoms in Youth: A Network Approach.","authors":"Feifei Chen, Xinlu Sun, Ting Yuan, Xiangjuan Tian, Xinying Li, Nengzhi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental researchers generally use a multi-informant approach to assess youth depressive symptoms to increase diagnostic accuracy and reliability, but informant discrepancies between youth and caregivers are common. Previous studies have predominantly used the sum score-level approach to examine informant discrepancies, which may obscure the heterogeneity of depression. This study adopted a symptom-level approach, network analysis, to examine informant discrepancies regarding depressive symptoms. The participant sample comprised 1043 community youth living in China (M_age = 13.68, 48.3% male) and their caregivers. Youth and caregivers completed the Children's Depression Inventory-Youth (CDI-Y) and the Children's Depression Inventory-Parents (CDI-P) separately. We employed R 4.3.0 and the Ising model to estimate two distinct networks. We then utilized the R-package Network Comparison Test to compare these two networks. Our findings revealed that irritability emerged as a symptom with high centrality in both networks, while crying demonstrated the most significant disparity in strength centrality, being stronger in the youth-report network. Youth-reported crying showed stronger connections with suicidal ideation (edge weight = 2.78), social withdrawal (edge weight = 1.72) and schoolwork difficulty (edge weight = 1.70), whereas caregivers-reported crying was more strongly associated with self-hatred (edge weight = 1.21). This study contributes to a better understanding of the structure of depressive symptoms from the perspectives of both youth and their caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Assessment of Body Image Based on Large Language Model.","authors":"Fumeng Li, Nan Zhao","doi":"10.1002/pchj.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing adolescent body image is crucial for mental health interventions, yet traditional methods suffer from limited dimensional coverage, poor dynamic tracking, and weak ecological validity. To address these gaps, this study proposes a multidimensional evaluation using large language models (LLMs) and compares its criterion validity against a dictionary-based method and expert ratings. We defined four dimensions-perception, positive attitude, negative attitude, behavior-by reviewing the body-image literature and built a validated dictionary through expert ratings and iterative refinement. A four-step prompt-engineering process, incorporating role-playing and other optimization techniques, produced tailored prompts for LLM-based recognition. To validate these tools, we collected self-reported texts and scale scores from 194 university students, performed semantic analyses with Llama-3.1-70B, Qwen-Max, and DeepSeek-R1 using these prompts, and confirmed ecological validity on social media posts. Results indicate that our multidimensional dictionary correlated significantly with expert ratings across all four dimensions (r = 0.515-0.625), providing a solid benchmark. LLM-based assessments then outperformed both the dictionary and human ratings, with zero-shot LLMs achieving r = 0.664 in positive attitude (vs. expert r = 0.657) and DeepSeek-R1 reaching r = 0.722 in perception. Role-playing techniques significantly improved the validity in the perception dimension (Δr = +0.117). Consistency checks revealed that the DeepSeek model reduced error dispersion in extreme score ranges by 48.4% compared to human ratings, with the 95% consistency limits covering the fluctuations of human scores. Incremental validity analysis showed that LLMs could replace human evaluations in the perception dimension (ΔR² = 0.220). In ecological validity checks, the Qwen model achieved a correlation of 0.651 in the social media behavior dimension-53.1% higher than the dictionary method. We found that LLMs demonstrated significant advantages in the multidimensional assessment of body image, offering a new intelligent approach to mental health measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20804,"journal":{"name":"PsyCh journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}